Unit2Grammar课件-沪教版英语八年级下册

Unit2Bodylanguage

Grammar沪教牛津八年级下册boresurpriseboringsurprisedboredsurprisingPlayagame:QuickResponseexcitedtiredcunfusinginterestingconfused

interestPlayagame:QuickResponsecunfusetireexcitingexciteinterestedtiringAVerb-ingassubjectandobject

Wecanusetheverb-ingformasanoun.Thesenounsrefertoactionsandactivities.Communicatingmeansmorethanjustspeaking.Let'ssumuptherules!-Wecanuseverb-ingasthesubjectorobjectofasentence-Whenweuseverb-ingasthesubject,themainverbisinsingularform.Look!-Theverb-ingformisusuallyuncountable.Wedonotaddaoranbeforeit.Cyclingishisfavouritehobby-Verb-ingcanhaveitsownobject.Shelovesplayingchess.Wecanuseverb-ingWecanuseverb-ingasthesubjectorobjectofasentence12Theverb-ingformisusuallyuncountable.Wedonotaddaoranbeforeit.Verb-ingcanhaveitsownobject.3Cycling

ishisfavouritehobby.Cyclingreferstoactionsandactivities.

themainverbisinsingularform.Cyclingishisfavouritehobby.Acyclingishisfavouritehobby.Shelovesplayingchess.chess就是playing的宾语AVerb-ingassubjectandobject

什么时候要AVerb-ingassubjectandobject

WhatisVerb-ing?1Communicatingmeansmorethanjustspeaking.（沟通不只是说话。）我们可以把动词的-ing形式当作名词使用，用来指代动作或活动。2用于“therebe+主语+doing”结构Thereisabirdsinginginthetree.Therearesomechildrenplayinginthepark.表示“有某人/某物正在做某事”。3

表示动作的时间、原因、伴随或结果，其逻辑主语通常和

句子主语一致。状语：Walkingalongthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.

结果状语。伴随状语：Shesattherereadingabook.结果状语：Itrainedheavily,causingafloodinthevillage.结果状语：Itrainedheavily,causingafloodinthevillage.Weweretoldto

avoidgoingtothelakebecauseit’sdangerous.Hesuggested

rescuingthecatwithaladder.Verbsfollowedbythegerunddon’tmindingIyoucleanthecar.Thegerund=verb-ing+helphelpingIdon’tmindtogohomefirst.Ienjoyedmeetyourfriends.They’rereallynice.GETITRIGHT!Idon’tmindgoinghomefirst.Ienjoyed

meetingyourfriends.They’rereallynice.SomeverbsinEnglisharefollowedbyagerund(the-ingform).Commonverbsare:Thatpark’sabitdangerous,soweavoidgoingthere.Idon’twanttoworkanymore–Ifeel

likedoingsomethingtoenjoymyself.Ican’timaginelivinginaforeigncountry.Doyouevermissseeingyourfriendswhenyoutravel?Canyouremembertherules?avoid,enjoy,feellike,finish,imagine,(don’t)mind,miss,practise,suggest.什么时候使用动词-ing作主语/宾语1.当你想把一个动作作为句子的主语时当你想表达“做某事”这个行为本身时，就用动词-ing开头作主语。例：

Swimmingisagreatexercise.（游泳是一项很好的运动。）◦

Learninganewlanguagetakespatience.（学习一门新语言需要耐心。）2.当你想把一个动作作为句子的宾语时•当动词后面需要接“动作”作宾语时，常用动词-ing形式。•常见搭配：

喜好类动词：enjoy,love,like,hate,prefer例：Sheenjoyssingingintheshower.习惯/避免类动词：practice,finish,avoid,mind例：Hepracticesplayingthepianoeveryday.固定短语：lookforwardto,beafraidof,begoodat例：We’relookingforwardtomeetingyou.©CambridgeUniversityPress20161.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.MyfriendLuNaandIweretalkingaboutpeople'shobbiestheotherday.LuNasaidhercousinLuYaohasaninterestinghobby:(1)______(draw)portraits.(2)______(study)people'sfacialexpressionsisanimportantpartofherhobby.Shelikes(3)______(observe)people'sfacesand(4)______(guess)whattheyarethinkingorhowtheyarefeeling.Sheisnotalwaysright,butsheisnotafraidof(5)______(make)mistakes.Whenshemakesamistake,shesimplysmilesandsays,"Ohwell,Iwaswrong."Shesaysthat(6)______(smile)canmakepeoplearoundyoufeelgood.IhavenotknownanyonelikeLuYao,andIlookforwardto(7)______(meet)herinperson.drawingstudyingabservingguessingmakingmeetingsmiling1.

drawing（作定语修饰hobby，表达“绘画肖像”的爱好，用动名词形式）2.

Studying（作句子主语，“研究人们的面部表情”，动词-ing形式作主语）3.

observing（固定搭配likedoingsth.，“喜欢观察”，用动名词作宾语）4.

guessing（与observing并列，共同作likes的宾语，保持动名词形式一致）5.

making（固定搭配beafraidofdoingsth.，“害怕犯错”，of后接动名词）6.

smiling（作宾语从句的主语，“微笑能让人感到愉悦”，动词-ing形式作主语）7.

meeting（固定搭配lookforwardtodoingsth.，“期待见面”，to为介词，后接动名词）Nobodyspoketohim.Hewasboredandhethoughthisjobwasboring.Let'ssumuptherules!•Adjectivesthatendin-edusuallydescribehowpeoplefeel.•Adjectivesthatendin-ingusuallydescribethethingorpersonthatmakespeoplefeelacertainway.Let’swatchpartBVerb-ingandverb-edasadjectives2.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.

(1)HaoRan,itseemslikeyoudon’twanttotalktothecustomers.It’snot______(surprising/surprised)thattheydon’twanttotalktoyoueither.(2)Somepeoplearenotverypatient,sotheyget______(boring/bored)easily.(3)Hisexplanationwas______(confusing/confused).Nobodyunderstoodit.(4)LuYaoisvery______(interesting/interested)inartandgoestoartgallerieseverySaturday.(5)I’mstartinganewpart-timejobnextweek.I’mvery______(exciting/excited)aboutit.(6)LiChenisagoodstoryteller.Hisstoriesarevery______(amusing/amused).surprisingconfusingboredinterestedamusingexcited

核心区分规则1-ed结尾形容词：描述人的感受（主语通常是人），表示“（人）感到……的”。-ing结尾形容词：描述事物/人的性质、特征（主语通常是事物/人），表示“（事物/人）令人……的”。2.典型用法示例◦

人作主语：Hewasbored.（他感到无聊）◦

事物/人作主语：Thejobwasboring.（这份工作令人无聊）3.常见搭配逻辑◦

人的情绪状态用“-ed”：I’mexcitedaboutthetrip.（我对旅行感到兴奋）

事物/人的属性用“-ing”：Thetripisexciting.（这场旅行令人兴奋）Grammarinuse3.Readthepoem.Payattentiontotheunderlinedwords.Thentrywritingyourownpoemusingasmanyverb-edandverb-ingformsaspossible.Don’tworry!Istudyveryhard.ButEnglishgrammarmakesmeconfused.WhenImakesillymistakes,Myteacheris

amused.ButI’mnotworried;Ijustsmile.Grammarcanbe

confusing.Ireallydon’tmind,Ifmymistakesareamusing.Review

Reviewthewordsfromthepoem

amusedconfusedworriedconfusingamusingPresentationReadandpayattentiontothewordsinredparts:1.Communicatingismorethanjust

speaking.2.Simontriedsmilingatpeople.3.Seeingisbelieving.Weformgerundsfromverbs.VerbGerundbeginbeginningcommunicatecommunicatingdancedancingholdholdingsighsighingPresentation

WorkouttheruleWeusuallyformagerundbyadding____toa(verb/noun).

-ingPresentation

work

smile

sit

die_______

wait

write

plan

tie_______sleep

move

prefer

lie_______workingsmilingsittingdyingwaitingwritingplanningtyingsleepingmovingpreferringlyingPresentation

Therule1.一般在词尾直接加-ing.work-working2.不发音的e结尾，去掉e再加-ing.make-making3.“辅+元+辅”结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母后加-ing.put-putting4.少数以ie结尾的，变ie为y,再加-ing.lie-lyingdie-dyingPresentation

ThingstorememberGerundsareoftenuncountable.Wedonotaddaoranbeforethem.2)Agerundcanhaveitsownobject.

Debbielovesreadingpoems.Smiling

showsthatyouarehappy.Ballettrainingusuallystartsatanearlyage.Dancing

isherfavouritehobby.WorkouttheruleWhenweuseagerundasthesubjectofasentence,themainVerbisin(singular/plural)form.AGerundsassubjectsPresentation

subjectPresentation

Playingtricksonothers

(be)somethingweshouldneverdo．

▲动名词作主语时，谓语用单数：is

e.g.打游戏和打篮球是我的兴趣爱好。

Playingcomputergamesandplayingbasketball

(be)

myfavouritehobbies.▲两个或两个以上不同的动名词作主语，谓语用复数。are3.sigh/sadS1:Whatcansighingshow?S2:Sighingcanshowthatyou’resad.Let'sdo

closeyoureyes/thinking4.S1:Whatcanclosingyoureyesshow?S2:Closingyoureyescanshowthatyou’rethinking.Let'sdo

Debbieenjoys

smilingandalwayslooksfriendly.Simontried

smilingatpeople.object·Weoftenusegerundsaftertheseverbs.enjoyimaginepractisefinishmindsuggestadviseconsiderkeepetcBGerundsasobjectsPresentation

ThingstorememberWeoftenusegerundsafterprepositions.Debbieisgoodatcommunicatingwithpeople.IamlookingforwardtogoingtoBeijing.·Weoftenusegerundsafterthesepreposition.Presentation

at,in,on,with,without,by,of,for,about,after,beforeetcS1:Whatdoestheboyenjoy?S2:Heenjoysreadingbooks.S1:Whatisthegirlpractising?S2:Sheispractisingclimbingmountains.Inpairs,askandanswerquestionsaboutthepictures.Followtheexample.Let'sdo

S1:Whatisthegirlinterestedin?S2:Sheisinterestedinplayingchess.S1:Whatisthegirlgoodat?S2:Sheisgoodatskiing.Let'sdo

▲拓展1：

（1）常见的“动词＋介词+动名词”的短语有：feellike,giveup,keepon,insiston,succeedin，prefer...to,beusedtodoingsth,lookforwardto,payattentionto，等。Presentation

例如：

Hedoesn’tfeellikedoinghishomework.Presentation

(2)forget

doing

sth.“忘记曾做过某事”(已做)

forgettodo

sth.“忘记去做某事”

(未做)Ihaveforgotten___________theflowers.（我忘记我已经浇花了）Don’tforget_________theflowersbeforeyougoforavacation.

（不要忘记度假前浇花）wateringtowaterPresentation(3)trydoingsth.“尝试着做某事”；

trytodosth.

“尽力做某事”(4)stopdoingsth.停止做某事,指停止做原来的事情;

stoptodo

sth.

停下(手头的事情)去做另外一件事。Let’stry___________atthebackdoor.(试着敲）We’lltry___________ourteachingmethods.（尽力去提高）Hearingthedoorbell,shestopped__________thedishes.

Hearingthedoorbell,shestopped___________thedoor.

knockingtoimprovewashingtowashSummary动名词（Gerund）的用法1.作主语（1）动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。（2）两个或两个以上不同的动名词作主语，谓语用复数。

2.作宾语动名词作宾语时，常常位于动词或介词的后面。

【Exercise】1.Weareinterestedin__________(play)basketball.2Heenjoys___________(skate)inwinter.3.___________(smile)showsthatyouarehappyandfriendly.4.Ipreferstayingathometo_________(go)shopping.5.Whynotconsider__________(swim)inthesmallriver？playingskatingSmilinggoingswimmingUsetheproperformtofillintheblank.()1.Theyinsistedon___anotherchancetotry. A.got

B.getting

C.beinggot D.tobegot()2.Jacksaidthathewouldn’tmind____forus. A.towait

B.wait

C.waiting

D.waited()3.Mybrotherkeeps____myfavouritebook.AndIwantitback! A.totake

B.take

C.taking

D.took

Multiplechoice【Exercise】【Exercise】4.Weshouldoftenpra