2023-2024学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit1-Unit4核心语法考点以及习题巩固

8AUnitl

形容词比较级和最高级的构成:

构成法原级比较级最高级

一般未尾加-er,-estlonglongerlongest

以e只加-r,-stnicenicernicest

结尾是辅元辅组合bigbiggerbiggest

以辅音字母+y结尾的词，easyeasiereasiest

改

y为i,再加-er,-est

多音节词在前面加more,importantmoreimponantmostimportant

most来构成比较级和最

高级

形容词的比较级

★一、修饰语

修饰语实例

alittle,abit,alittlebit一点儿，稍微LilyisalittletallerthanLucy.

much,alot,far.......得多Ourcityismuchmorebeautifulthantheirs.

even,still更....Hismodelplaneisevenbelterthanyours.

二、表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更…”时，用句型“Which/Who+be+形容词比较级，Aor

B?”表不。

eg:Whoistaller,LiMingorWangTao?

三、并不是所有形容词的比较级后面都用〔han,表示，'两者之间比较…的一个（ofthetwor

时，常用“the+比较级”结构。

eg1:Maryisthetalleroneofthetwins.

eg2:Thiscoatisthemoreexpensiveofthetwo.

四、为了避免重复，在比较级句型中，常用theone,Ihai,those等词来代替前面出现过的词。

其中theone代替可数名词单数形式，theories或those代替可数名词复数形式，由at代替单

数名词或不可数名词。

五、★不与其他事物相比，只表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级+and+比较级”结构，意为

“越来越...若形容词为多音节词，则用“moreandmore十多音节词的原级

eg:Mybrotherisfatterandfatter./Mysisterismoreandmorebeautiful.

六★要表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“lhe+雌以（+主谓）the+比蹴（+主谓）”

结构，意为“越…,（就）越

eg:Thebusiermymotheris,thehappiershefeels.

七、比较级与最高级之间的转换:

基本转换：

Abenotso/as+形容词原级+asB.=Abe+形容词比较级+than+B.

高级转换：”最高级+in…”可转换为以下几种比较结构：

1.比较级+thananyother+单数名词

eg:Thisunitismoredifficultthananyotherunitinthisbook.

2.比较级+than+anyoftheother+复数名词

eg:Thisunitismoredifficultthananyoftheotherunitsinthisbook.

3.比较级+than+lheolher+复数名词=比较级+than+theothers

eg:Thisunitismoredifficultthantheotherunitsinthisbook.

※［引申］:any+单数名词表示不同范围内的比较

试比较：

1.ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.

2.ShanghaiislargerthananycityinAfrica.

形容词的最高级

一、★—+系动词+the+最高级+of7in短语”表示“在...范围内,A最....

二、“A+系动词+oneofthe+最高级+复数名词”表示“A是最...的....之一

eg:Ourschoolisoneofthebestschoolsinourcity.

三、“Which/Who+系动词+the+最高级，A,BorC?”表示“A,B或C,哪个/谁最.

eg:Whichisthemostdangerous,abus,atrainoraplane?

四、★“…the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in+范围”表示“在…范围内是第几…的…”。

eg:Joeisthesecondtallestboyinourclass.

五、形容词的最高级之前通常要有定冠词the,但在下列情况下不能用：

4.最高级之前已有指示代词修饰时：Thatheaviestbagismine.

5.最高级之前已有物主代词修饰时：MissGaoisourbestteacher.

6.最高级之前已有名词所有格修饰时：IthinkthatisGaoKun'shappiestday.

7.两个或多个形容诃最高级连用时，除第一个形容词最高级之前用定冠词the以外，其

余的都要省去the：

eg:Pleasegivetheheaviestandbiggestboxtome.

巩固练习

1)一Yummy!Thecoffeeisgood.

-That'sright.Itwilltastewithsomemilk.

A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest

2)—Thepriceofthisblouseistoohigh.

一Doyouhaveaone?

A.cheaperB.moreexpensiveC.lowerD.smaller

3)Ifyouwanttobe,youhavetoeatfoodandtakeexercise.

A.thinner;less;moreB.thinner;little;more

C.thin;few;enoughD.thinner;lewer;less

4)Thetextiseasierandinterestingthanthatone.

A.more;muchB.much;moreC.more;moreD.much;much

5)—DidauntLibuyaskirtlastSunday?

—Sure.Shechoseoneofthetwogreenskirls.

A.lessexpensiveB.theleastexpensive

C.thelessexpensiveD.themostexpensive

6)Ofthetwocoats,I'dliketobuyonetosavemoneyforabook.

A.thecheaperB.thecheapestC.cheaperD.cheapest

7)Tomisofthetwoboys.

A.tallestB.tallerC.thetallerD.thetallest

8)Autumniscoming,anditis.

A.coolandcoolB.coolerandcooler

C.warmandwarmD.warmerandwarmer

9)Dearstudents,pleasereadeverysentencecarefully.youarc,mistakesyou'llmake.

A.Themorecarefully;thefewer

B.Themorecareful;theless

C.Themorecarefully;theless

D.Themorecareful;thefewer

KJheis,hefeels.

A.Thebusier,thehappyB.Thebusy,thehappy

C.Thebusier,thehappierD.Thebusier,thehappiest

11)一Whichmonthhasdaysinayear?

—February.

A.fewerB.lessC.thefewestD.theleast

⑵Ofallthesubjects,Englishis_______forme.

A.interestingB.moreinteresting

C.themostinterestingD.themoreinteresting

13)Thereisn'tanairportnearwhereIlive.Theoneisabout90milesaway.

A.busiestB.farthestC.newestD.nearest

14)Whichoftheseblousesfeels?

A.softB.thesoftestC.thesofterD.themostsoftly

)—Youlookunhappy.What'swrongwithyou?

—Iscoredpointsinourclass.

A.thefewestB.theleastC.themostD.fewer

16)1don'tknowwhichis,so1'Htakethemall.

A.goodB.thebetterC.belterD.thebesl

17)TheChangjiangRiverisintheworld.

A.thelongerriverB.thelongriver

C.oneofthelongestriversD.oneofthelongriver

18)TheYellowRiverisriverinChina.

A.thelongestB.thelonger

C.thesecondlongerD.thesecondlongest

19)—istheheightofTom,Helen?

一I'mnotsure,heisthanTom.

A.Howmuch;higherB.Howhigh;higher

C.Howtall;tallerD.What;taller

20)一Areyoufeelingbettertoday?

—No,Tmfeelingeven(bad).(星海/苏外)

21)Beinglateisoneofthe(坏的)habitsforanyone.

22)—Whoisthe(slim)girlofall?

一Lilyis.

23)Jimisthe(thin)boyinhisclassandhismotherisveryworried.

24)BritneySpearsisoneofthemostpopular(sing)fromtheUSA.

25)Doyouknowthe(high)ofthebuilding?

参考答案：

1-5BAABC

6-10ACBDC

11-15CCDBA

16-20DCDD

21-25worse

worst

slimmest

thinnest

singers

height

8AUnit2

★数量的比较

•常用“more...lhan_"和“fewer…than/less...lhan_”对两个人或事物的数量进行比较，表

示“比二多”

和“比…少”。如:

eg:他的书比我

多。

Hehasmorebooksthanme.

注意：

表示“比…多"时，more...than修饰可数/比可数名词。

表示"比…少'’时，fewer...than修饰」y遨_________名词；

less...than修饰不可数名词。

•常用“」hemosl_”和“」hefewest/iheleast'对三者及以上人或事物的数量进行比较,表

示“最少”和“最少”。如：

注意：表示“最多”时，themost修饰可数/不可数名词。

表示"最少"时，thefewest修饰可数名词；

theleast修饰不可数名词。

★副词的比较级和最高级

♦有时我们对事物进行比较，还会用副词的比较级和最高级。如:

注意：副词最高级前面的the有时可以省略。

♦副词比较级和最高级变换规则:

规则原级比较级最高级

单音节词大多数+er/estlowlower(the)lowest

fastfaster(the)fastest

多音节词和部前面+more/carefullymorecarefullymostcarefully

分双音节词mostquicklymorequicklymostquickly

♦常见的不规则变化有：

well-better-best

badly—worse—worst

far—farther/further—farthest/furthest

furtherstudy/information/discussion

有些词既可以做adj.也可以做adv.,如far,fast,hard,high,late,long和well0

e.g.fastfood速食，快餐

walkfast快走

最高级和比较级的转换

eg.Shedraws(the)bestinmyclass.

=Shedrawsbetterthaninmyclass.

=inmyclass.

=anyolherofmyclassmales.

=myotherclassmates.

巩固练习

1)Myhometownis_______beautifulthanhis.

A.verymuchB.moremuchC.muchmoreD.verymore

2)一Whichis_______,themoonortheEarth?

一Ofcoursethemoonis.

A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest

3)Icaughtabadcold.TodayIfeeleven_______thanyesterday.Ineedtoseethedoctor.(立达)

A.badB.badlyC.worseD.worst

4)_______ofthetwogirlsisLily.

A.TheprettiestB.TheprettierC.PrettierD.Prettiest

5)Suzhouisoneofthe_______inChina.

A.morebeautifulcitiesB.mostbeautifulcities

C.mostbeautifulcityD.morebeautifulcity

6)-Canyoudotheworkbetterwith_______moneyand________people?

—I'mafraidwccan't.

A.fewer,lessB.less;fewerC.little;littleD.few;few

7)Ithinkthetextis_______easierand________interestingthanthatone.

A.much;muchB.much;more

C.more;muchD.more;more

8)Thisradiois_______expensivethanthatone.Iwilltakeit.

A.lessB.theleastC.thelessD.themost

9)一Whostudieshardest_______yourclass?

一LiLeidoes.Heisthemosthard-working_______allthestudents.

A.in;inB.in;ofC.of;inD.of;of

10)Sheknows_____aboutcooking,butherbrotherknowseven________.

A.little;moreB.much;littleC.little;lessD.more;less

H)Amydoeseverything_______inourclass.

A.morecarefullyB.themostcarefully

C.morecarefulD.mostcareful

12)Thetrafficissoheavy!Youshoulddrive_______thanbefore.

A.veryquicklyB.morequickly

C.verycarefullyD.morecarefully

13)Lindafinishedherhomework_______thanJohn.

A.muchquicklierB.morequicker

C.muchfasterD.morefaster

14)Twomiles___________(较远)on,wecametoasmalltown.

15)Ihaveabettervoicethanhis.(改为同义句)His

voicethanmine.

参考答案：

1-5CBCBB

6-10BBABC

11-13BDC

14-15further

isworse

8AUnit3

★(1).Abeas+adj.原级+asBA(IB-样...

Abenotas/so+adj.+asB=AbelessthanBA不如B…

(2).Abeas+adj原级+asB=Abethesame+相应的n.+asB

asbig/smallas=bethesamesizeas

asheavyas=bethesameweightas

aswideas-bethesamewidthas

aslongas=bethesamelengthas

★oneself反身代词

第一人称第二人称第三人称

单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself

复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

亲自foroneself

独自byoneself

随便吃点helponeselflo…

自学teachoneself=leambyoneself

请自便makeoneselfathome

自宫白语sayluoneself

★比较级中代词注意：

theone,代指可数名词单数,可用adj.修饰

that,代指可数名词单数或不可数名词

theones,代指可数名词复数,可用adj.修饰

those,代指可数名词复数_____________

巩固练习

1)HespeaksFrenchwell,butofcoursenotapersonborninFrance.(立达)

A.asclearasB.clearerthan

C.asclearlyasD.themoreclearly

2)一Whichdotheyoungpeoplelikebetter,musicorsports?

一Both.Musicissportsamongthem.(新区)

A.notaspopularasB.aspopularas

C.morepopularthanD.lesspopularthan

3)WeshouldspeakEnglishwecan.

A.asmanyasB.asmuchasC.asmoreasD.aslessas

4)Climbingisoneofamongtheyoung.(星湾)

A.themorepopularactivitiesB.mostpopularactivities

C.themostpopularactivitiesD.themostpopularactivity

5)—Whohelpedtoread?

一Nobody.Shetaught.

A.her;herselfB.herself;herselfC.she;herD.her;hers

6)ofthetwinsenjoyedatthepartyyesterday.

A.Both;themB.Both;themselves

C.All;themD.All;themselves

7)NoonetaughtEnglish.Hetaughtashewasyoung.(星海)

A.him;himB.him;himself

C.himself;himD.himself;himself

8）一Whotaughtyourbrothertoskate?

一Nobody.Helearntallby.（新区）

A.himB.hisC.himselfD.he

9）Heissitting（舒月艮）inanarmchair,readinganewspaper.（立达）

10）Thelovelyboyoftendresses（he）upasMonkeyKing.

11）Thestudentshadathousandreasonstobeproudof（他们ft己）.（星海）

12）I'msureyourcousinscandotheseexercises（自己）.（星湾）

13）Help（彳尔。］自己）tosomefruitplease.（立达）

参考答案：

1-5CBBCA

6-8BBC

9一13comfortablyhimselfthemselvesthemselvesyourselves

8AUnit4

★祈使句：(表示命令，提出要求或建议)

(1)动词原形开头

肯定句：Paintthewallsblue.

否定句：Don'tpaintthewallsblue.

(2)想要使句子更加礼貌E寸，我们可以加上picaseo

Pleaseopenthedoor.

(3)反义疑问句：

i.肯定的祈使句，willyou/won'tyou?

ii.否定的祈使句，willyou?

iii.Let'sdosth.,shallwe?

iv.Letusdoslh.,willyou/won't

you?

用should和hadbetter提建议，表示"应该"和"最好"，hadbetter的语气比should强烈一

些。

注意：

Q)should和hadbetter都是情态动词，后面加动词原形，而且没有人称和数的变化。

0should和hadbeuer的否定形式是：shouldn'tdo和hadbeiiernotdo

★常见的情态动词提问以及回答：

1)must和need：

一Must/NeedI...?

肯定回答：Yes,youmusl.

否定回答：No,youmusln't/don'thaveto/don'tneedto

2may:

—MayI...?

肯定回答：Yes,youcan.

否定回答：No,youmusln't/can't

否定前缀un-,in-,im-：

1)certainuncertain____

comfortableuncomfortable

importantunimportant

active_inactive____

correctincoirecl

patienti