Unit4 Natural Disasters单元基础知识练习-2025-2026学年高中英语（人教版）

Unit4NaturalDisasters

I词形转换

1.v.死亡；消亡一n.死；死亡一adj.死的；枯萎的一

adj.垂死的；临死的f______________adj.致命的

2.V.影响；侵袭fn.影响；结果；效果一adj.有效的一

adv.有效地fn.喜爱；关爱

3.v.（使）震惊n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克一adj.令人震惊的一

________adj.感到震惊的

4._________v.呼吸一______n.呼吸一adj.气喘吁吁的一

adv.气喘吁吁地

5.adi.明智的一adv.明智地一n.智慧；才智

6.V.统一；使成为一体一adj.统一的fn.联合；统一

7.v.复活；（使）苏醒一n.复苏；振兴

8.vi.生存；存活vt.幸存fn,幸存；残存物fn.幸存者

9.v.遭受；蒙受；因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦一n.苦是；痛苦一

n.患病者；受苦者

9.__________V.（火山）爆发；喷发f_____________n.爆发;喷发

10.adj.长的；长期的fn.长；长度一v.使）变长；加长

11.n.能力；力量；电力供应；控制力fadj.强大的；有力的一

adj.无力的；无能力的fv.授权

12.vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj,镇定的；沉着的一adv.镇定的；

沉着的一n.平静；镇定

13.n.电；电能一adj.电动的；用电的

fadj.与（用）电有关的；电气科学的一adj.电子的

14.n.努力；尽力一adj.不用费力的

15.n.金属fn.模特；榜样fn.奖章；勋章fn.新闻媒体

16.vt.递送；生；接生；发表->n.［□递送一n.投递者

17.n.突发事件；紧急情况一adj.出现的；紧急的一

_______________n.出现；浮现

18.vi.&vt.&n.打：撞击：（过去式）一（过去分词）

fadj.迷人的一n.罢工者；前锋

19.n.总结；概括一v.总结；概括

20.n.供应；补给；［pl.］补给品vt.供应；供给fn.供应商

IL单词拼写

I.Aterribleearthquakestruckhishometownyesterday,causinggreatd.

2.Astheworld'spopulationcontinuestogrow,thesoffoodbeesmoreandmoreofa

concern.

3.Italmostdrovemecrazywhenmyputercagain.

4.Withthegovernment'sa,thoseaffectedbytheearthquakehavemovedintothenew

seulements.

5.Trytokeepcandjusttellmewhathappened.

6.I'mverygladthatyoucanwritemea(概要)ofthisreport,whichsavesmealotoftime

fromgoingthroughthewholereport.

7.Whereveryoulive,it'snecessaryforyoutolearntoprepareforsome(突发事件).

8.Hescoredthewinninggoaljustsecondsbeforethefinal(哨子声).Theaudienceburst

outcheering.

9.Idoubtthe(明智)ofseparatingachildfromhisfamilywhateverthecircumstances.

10.Alargenumberof(避难所)havebeenbuiltforthehomelesssurvivorsafterthe

earthquake.

ni.单句语法填空

I.Themanthinksitisunreasonabletospendsomuchmoneysavingthosehopelesslives,whilethe

(survive)leadapoorlife.

2.Tohelpstudentsdealwiththeirmentalproblems,wewillholdalecture(deliver)bya

professorfromtheUK.

3.Theroomis15feetin(long)and10feetinwidth.

4.Thepanyhaslaidoff1/3ofthestaffinefforttosavemoney.

5.Theexpressionsonthefacesoftherescuedminersshowedthattheyhadagreatdealof

(suffer).

6.FormilesandmilesIcouldseenothingagreatfireandlotsofsmoke.

7.Standingonsuchahighaltitude(海拔)，wefoundtheairwassothinandcoldthatwecould

hardly(breath).

8.I(trap)in(heheavyrainonthewaytoschoolyesterday.

9.Heistheboyfatherisawell-knownprofessorleachinginthiscollege.

10.Isawwhatwasgoingon,butIjuststoodbyandletithappenbecauseIwas

(power)tohelp.

11.We(slide)downtheroofanddroppedtotheground.

12.She(tap)himontheshoulderandthensmiledtohim.

13.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homesandcars(sweep)awaybythehugewavescaused

bythestrongearthquake.

l4.Thereismudandwatereverywhere,(make)itdifficultforustotravelfromplaceto

place.

IV.短语填空

I.Globalwarmingis(对...有重大影响)hundredsofplantsand

animalspeciesaroundtheworld.

2.You'dbetterwearsunglassestoyoureyes(保护....免受....)sun

damage.

3.Theoldpalacewasalmost(破败不堪)afterthebigwar.

4.Althoughshecametoherselfatlast,shewasstill(震惊)aftertheaccidentand

kepthavingnightmares.

5.Tomwasn'thereforthemeetingbecausehe(患...病)acold.

6.Therewassimplynocash（在手边）topayforthefood.

7.It'ssaidthatweshouldcleanthehouseand（扫走）badluckonNewYear's

Eve.

8.Thebestoffriendsmustpart,whichmeansallgoodthingsmust（结束）.

9.Whenthedogarrived,allthebirdsinthestreetflew（朝四面八方）.

10.Itwasreportedthattherescueteamwas（尽一切努力）findthemissing

mountainclimber.

11.Somevillageswereburiedbythelandslide,therescueteam__________（前来营救他们）.

12.Largenumbersofimmigrants（移民）（涌入）thearea,whichcausedsomeproblems.

13.He（上台执政）whenhewas25yearsoldandhasbeeninpowerfor

40years.

l4.BythetimeIgottothetopofthehill,Iwasquite（上气不接下气）.

V.写作佳句

..to我发表意见时，我紧张得一句话也说不出来。（too...to...）

Whenitwasmyturntoexpressmyopinion,Iwas.

2.乌云密布，看上去要下雨了。（asit\though）

Darkcloudsaregathering.Itseemsitisgoingtorain.

..when收拾行李准备出去度周末,这时我女儿听到呼李声。（bedoing...when...）

We（pack）toleaveforaweekendawaymydaughterheardcriesfor

help.

4.大雨已经下了好几天了，这使得向地震灾区运送食物更加困难了。（it作形式宾语）

Ithasbeenrainingheavilyfordays,todeliverfoodtotheearthquake—

strickenarea.

5.他突然想起来他忘记锁门了o（Itstrucksb.that）

heforgottolockthedoor.

［话题语篇提升］

VI.阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2025•茂名一中Today,wehavetheabilitytopredictdangeroustornadoes,hurricanes,winterstorms

andfloodswithmoreaccuracy（准确性）thanever.Weknowtheareasthatarelikelytobestruckby

earthquakes,andtheareasthatareeasilyharmedbywildfires,andwecantellhoursinadvancewhethera

tsunamiwillhitourshores.

However,inspiteofalltheabilitiesforwarnings,Americansarestillquitepooratpreparingtor

thesedisasters.Ina2006surveycarriedoutbyTime,only16%percentbelievedtheywerewellprepared

forthenextone.

Afewweeksago,IwaslisteningtoNPR（NationalPublicRadio）asIwascookingdinner,andI

heardamovingstoryaboutayoungboy,NoahStewart,wholivedthroughatornadothathithisAlabama

home.

Noahwassucked（卷入）upintothetornadoandthendropped.Helandedonhisheadfirst,withafall

ofsuchforcethat,undernormalconditions,wouldhavekilledhim.However,hesurvivedbecausehis

mothermadeaquickdecisiontoputabaseballhelmel（头盔）onhisheadrightbeforethetornadohit.

Noahwasunhurtinthestorm.Butthehelmetcrackeddownthemiddle.

TheCDC（CentresforDiseaseControlandPrevention）statesthattheycan'tsaywhetherhelmets

cansavelivesduringatornadoimpact.However,itstillseemswiseforanyoneinatornado-prone(可能

的)areatokeepseveralhelmetsattheready.Anyaddedprotectionisgoingtoincreaseyourchanceof

survival,andasNoah'sstoryclearlyshows,helmetscansavelives.

Youdon'thavetobuynewhelmets-pickingupusedbicycle,footballorbaseballhelmetsat

economicalstoresandyardsalescansavemoneyandkeepyourfamilyprotected.

However,it*snecessarythatyoukeepthesehelmetsinaneasilyreachableplace;theyshouldnotbe

usedforanyotherpurpose,astheymaybemisplaced.Remember,whenatornadohits,youmightonly

haveminutes—orevenseconds——tofindshelter.Youdon'twanttorunaroundyourhouse,searchingfor

thosehelmets.

()1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?

A.Americansarcafraidofdisasters.

B.TherearemanydisastersinAmerica.

C.MostAmericansarenotwellpreparedfordisasters.

D.DisastersarebetterpredictedinAmerica.

()2.WhycouldNoahStewartsurviveinthetornado?

A.Becausehewasprotectedbyahelmet.

B.Becausehewasbrave.

C.Becausehewasquick-mindedinanemergency.

D.Becausehestayedwithhismother.

()3.Whatshouldwedotomakerhehelmetsfunctionwell?

A.Choosenewones.B.Useprofessionalones.

C.Putthemathand.D.Savemoneytobuyexpensiveones.

()4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.TDdescribethemovingstoryofaboy.B.Towarnusofthetornadoimpact.

C.Toadviseustokeephelmetshandy.D.Toaskustoprepareforthedisasters.

VIL七选五

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butpreparingforthemostlikelydisasters,such

astornadoes,hurricanes,floodsandwildfires,isnecessary.1.Youcandevelopanemergencyplan

foryourfamilyincaseofanaturaldisaster,includinghouseholdinformation,out-of-towncontacts

andschool,workplace,andchildcarecontactinformationandemergencyfirstaid.Addyourevacuation

routesandshelterplansaswell.

Moreimportantly,youhavetomonitorpotential(潜在的)disasters.2.Watchnewsandweather

reportsinyourregionsothatyoucanbeawareofpotentialdisastersinthearea.Youcanalsodownload

appsforyoursmartphonethatwillwarnyouofpotentialdisastersnearyourlocation.

3.Ifyourfamilyisatriskofexposuretoanaturaldisaster,explaintothemwhat'shappening.

Reviewyouremergencypreparednessplansothateveryoneknowswhattodointheeventofadisaster.

Thirdly,tracktheprogressofforthingdisasters.Checkbackwithyournewsstationfrequentlyso

thatyou'llbeawareofchangesinweatherorconditionsthatcouldalterthecourseofadisaster.4.In

thisway,you'llbewellinformedofwhat'shappening.

Finally,evacuatebeforedisasterstrikes,ifpossible.Ifdangerisinginyourarea,evacuatebeforeit

strikes.5.Sobesuretofollowtheirinstructions.Ifyouaren'tabletoevacuate,shelterinplaceuntil

it'ssafetoleavethearea.

A.Forinstance,creatingaplanisagoodidea.

B.Makeacontactcardforeachmemberofthefamily.

C.Secondly,preparefamilymembersforwhatmayhappen.

D.Youmaynotknowwhatkindofdisasterisabouttostrike.

E.Toachievethis,firstly,identifypotentialthreateningsituations.

F.Yourlocalauthoritymayorderevacuationsifanaturaldisasterising.

G.Signuptoreceivealertsorupdatesfromyourlocalgovernmentorweatherservice,

vin.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Floodsandlandslidesarehardi.(avoid).However,toprotectagainstthem,peoplelakea

2.(vary)ofmeasures.Thesecouldinclude3.(pass)variouslawsthatprohibit(禁

it)cuttingdowntreesandbuildinghousesintheseareas.Measurescan4.(take)atalllevels

sothatnooneismisusingoroverusingtheirshareofresourceslikewaterandfood.

Areaswherestrongwindsandtornadoes5.(frequent)happenneeddifferent

precautionary(预防的)6.(method).Tornadoesandstormscanbepredictedtoadegreein

today'sworld.Onceoneispredicted,itisimportantnottowalkoutwithoutreason.Askingthekidsto

stayathomeisanothergoodmeasure.Theseareasusuallyhavestrongly7.(build)housesnot

tobedamagedbyextremeconditions.However,havingabasementwhereyoucanstayandwaitforthe

stormtopass8.(be)notabadidea.Makesurethatthebasementhas9.door

thattakesyoudirectlyoutofthehouseincasethehousecollapses(倒塌).

Toprotectagainstnaturaldisasters,safetymeasuresneedtobetakenbygovernments,munitiesneed

tohavesmallplansinplacebecauseofthehappeningofadisaster.Andthenearestpeoplethatcanhelp

youwillbethose10.liveinyourneighbourhood.

参考答案

L词形变化

1.die,death,dead,dying,deadly

2.affect,effect,effective,effectively,affection

3.shock,shocking,shocked

4.breathe,breath,breathless,breathlessly

5.wise,wisely,wisdom

6.unify,unified,unification

7.revive,revival

8.survive,survival,survivor

9.suffer,suffering,sufferer

10.erupt,eruption,

11.long,length,lengthen

12.power,powerful,powerless,empower

13.calm,calmly,calmness

14.electricity,electric,electrical,electronic

15.effort,effortless,

16.metal,model,medal,media

17.deliver,delivery,deliverer

18.emergency,emergent,emerge

19.strike,struck,stricken,striking,striker

20.summary,summarize

21.supply,supplier

II.单词拼写

I.Aterribleearthquakestruckhishometownyesterday,causinggreatdamage

2.Astheworld'spopulationcontinuestogrow,thesupplyoffoodbeesmoreandmoreofaconcern.

3.Italmostdrovemecrazywhenmyputercrashedagain.

4.Withthegovernment'said>thoseaffectedbytheearthquakehavemovedintothenewsettlements.

5.Trytokeepcalmandjusttellmewhathappened.

6.I'mverygladthatyoucanwritemeasummarY（概要）cfthisreport,whichsavesmealotoftimefrom

goingthroughthewholereport.

7.Whereveryoulive,it'snecessaryforyoutolearntoprepareforsomeemergencies（突发事件）.

8.Hescoredthewinninggoaljustsecondsbeforethefinal.histlg（哨子声）.Theaudienceburstoutcheering.

9.Idoubtthewisdom（明智）ofseparatingachildfromhisfamilywhateverthecircumstances.

10.Alargenumberofshelters（避难所）havebeenbuiltforthehomelesssurvivorsaftertheearthquake.

III.单句语法填空

1.Themanthinksitisunreasonabletospendsomuchmoneysavingthosehopelesslives,whilethe

survivors（survive）leadapoorlife.

2.TDhelpstudentsdealwiththeirmentalproblems,wewillholdalecturedelivered（deliver）byaprofessor

fromtheUK.

3.Theroomis15feetinlength（long）and10feetinwidth.

4.Thepanyhaslaidoff1/3ofthestaffin如efforttosavemoney.

5.Theexpressionson【hefacesoftherescuedminersshowedihaitheyhadagreatdealofsufTering（suffer）.

6.FormilesandmilesIcouldseenothingbutagreatfireandlotsofsmoke.

7.Standingonsuchahighaltitude（海拔），wefoundtheairwassothinandcoldthatwecould

hardlybreathe（breath）.

8.I、vasJrauDe（|（trap）intheheavyrainonthewaytoschoolyesterday.

9.Heistheboywhosefatherisawell-knownprofessorteachinginthiscollege.

10.1sawwhatwasgoingon,but1juststoodbyandletithappenbecauseIwaspowerless（power）tohelp.

11.Weslid（slide）downtheroofanddroppedtotheground.

12.Shetapped（tap）himontheshoulderandthensmiledtohim.

13.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homesandcarswereswept（sweep）awaybythehugewaves

causedbythestrongearthquake.

14.Thereismudandwatereverywhere,making（make）itdifficultforustotravelfromplace

toplace.

IV.短语填空

I.Globalwarmingishaving包bia/ereateffecton（对...有重大影响）hundredsofplantsandanimal

speciesaroundtheworld.

2.You'dbetterwearsunglassestoshcllGr/pruleclyouieyesfrom〃呆1”.......免受....）sundamage.

3.Theoldpalacewasalmostinruins（破败不堪）afterthebigwar.

4.Althoughshecametoherselfatlast,shewasstilljnshocK（人惊）aftertheaccidentandkepthaving

nightmares.

5.Tomwasn'thereforthemeetingbecausehesufferedfroni（患...病）acold.

6.Therewassimplynocashonhand（在手边）topayfbrthefood.

7.It'ssaidthatweshouldcleanthehouseandsweepaway（扫走）badluckonNewYear'sEve.

8.Thebestoffriendsmustpart,whichmeansallgoodthingsmust.尬anend（结束）.

9.Whenthedogarrived,allthebirdsinthestreetflewjnalldirection^（朝四面八方）.

10.Ilwasreportedthattherescueteamwaspiakingevery©Tortto（尽一切努力）line!（hemissing

mountainclimber.

11.Somevillageswereburiedbythelandslide,therescueteam一came2ihcir\cscuc（前来营救

他们）.

12.Largenumbersofimmigrants（移民）floodedinlo（涌入）thearea,whichcausedsome

problems.

13.Hecametopower（上台执政）whenhewas25yearsoldandhasbeeninpowerfor40years.

I4.BythetimeIgottothetopofthehill,Iwasquiteoulofbreath（上气不接下气）.

V.写作佳句

..to我发表意见时，我紧张得一句话也说不出来。（too...to...）

Whenitwasmyturntoexpressmyopinion,Iwastoopervous.,tosay;且word.

2.乌云密布，看上去要下雨了。（asif）

Darkcloudsaregathering.Itseeir.sggjfitisgoingtorain.

..when收拾行李准备出去度周末，这时我女儿听到呼救声。（bedoing...when...）

We“erepacking（pack）toleaveforaweekendawayyvhenmydaughterheardcriesforhelp.

4.大雨已经下了好几天了，这使得向地震灾区运送食物更加困难了。（it作形式宾语）

Ithasbeenrainingheavilyfordays,—makingi]harder.deliverfoodtotheearthquake-stricken

area.

5.他突然想起来他忘记锁门了。（Itstrucksb.that）

Itstruckhimthatheforgottolockthedoor.

VI阅读理解

【语篇解读】尽管预警能力很强，美国人在为灾难做准备方面仍然做得很差，作者对如何使用头盔作为重要

的抗灾工具提出了建议。

I.C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"However,inspileofalltheabilitiesforwarnings,Americansarestill

quitepooratpreparingforthesedisasters.（然而，尽管预警能力很强，美国人在为这此灾难做准备方面仍然很差。）”

可知，大多数美国人对灾难没有充分的准备。故选C。

2.A细节理解题。根据第四段第三句"However,hesurvivedbecausehismothermadeaquickdecisiont。put

abaseballhelmet（头盔）onhisheadrightbeforethetornadohit.（然而，他活了卜来，因为他的母亲在龙卷风袭击之前

迅速决定给他戴上棒球头盔。）”可知，诺亚・斯图尔特能在龙卷风中幸存下来是因为他受到了头盔的保护。故选

Ao

3.C细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句"However,it'snecessarythatyoukeep（hesehelmetsinaneasily

reachableplace;theyshouldnotbeusedforanyotherpurpose,astheymaybemisplaced.（然而，你有必要把这些头盔

放在一个容易拿到的地方；它们不应用于任何其他目的，因为它们可能被放错地方。）”可知，我们应该把头盔

放在容易拿到的地方才能让头盔发搭好作用。故选C。

4.D推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段“However,inspiteofalltheabilitiesforwarnings,Americansarc

stillquitepooratpreparingforthesedisasters.Ina2006surveycarriedoutbyTime,only16%percentbelievedthey

werewellpreparedforthenextone.（然而，尽管预警能力很强，美国人在为这些灾难做准备方面仍然很差。在《时

代周刊》杂志2006年进行的一项调查中，只有16%的人认为他们为下一个危机做好了准备.）”可知，作者写这

篇文章是为了号召人们为灾难做好准备。故选D。

VII七选五

【语篇解读】文章建议家庭制订一个应急计划，以防发生自然灾害。

1.D上文“Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butpreparingforthemostlikelydisasters,such

astornadoes,hurricanes,floodsandwildfires,isnecessary.（想到自然灾害可能会让人害怕，但为最可能发生的灾难做

好准各，如龙卷风、飓风、洪水和野火，是必要的。）”说明各种各样的自然灾害都有可能发生，由此可知，D

项“你可能不知道什么样的灾难即将来临。”承接上文，且呼应空后所讲的“你可以制订一个家庭应急计划……”

故选D。

2.E根据上文“Moreimportantly,youhavetomonitorpotential(潜在的)disasters」更重要的是，你必须监控

潜在的灾难。)”可知，E项”要做到这一点，首先，识别有潜在威胁的情况。”承接上文，选项中的“potential

threateningsituations”和上文中的"potentialdisasters”相对应。故选E。

3.C空处位于段首，为该段的主旨句。根据下文“Ifyourfamilyisatriskofexposuretoanaturaldisaster,

explaintothemwhat'shappening.Reviewyouremergencypreparednessplansothateveryoneknowswhattodointhe

eventofadisaster如果你的家人有遭受自然灾害的风险，向他们解释将要发生什么。I可顾你们的应急准备计划，

以便每个人都知道在灾难发生时该做什么。)”可知，C项“其次，让家庭成员为可能发生的事情做好准备。”

概括本段大意，说明要让家人有所准备。故选C。

4.G根据下文“Inthisway,you'llbewellinformedofwhat*shappcning.(用这种方法，你会很清楚将会发生.

什么事。)”可知，G项“注册接收当地政府或气象服务的警报或更新。”和下文存在因果关系。卜.文中“thisway”

指选项中所提供的方法。故选G。

5.F下文“Sobesuretofollowtheirinstructions.(所以一定要听从他们的指示。)”说明要听从指挥。由此可

知，F项“如果自然灾害即将来临，当地政府可能会下令疏散。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中的代词“Iheir”指

代选项中的“Yourlocalauthority”。故选F。

VHL语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2025•盐城中学Floodsandlandslidesarehard1.］。avoid(avoid).However,toprotectagainstthem,people

lakea2.variety(vary)ofmeasures.Thesecouldinclude3.passing(pass)variouslawsthatprohibit(禁止)

cuttingdowntreesandbuildinghousesintheseareas.Measurescan4.petaken(take)atalllevelssothatnoone

ismisusingoroverusingthei