常用不规则动词速查与练习

常用不规则动词速查与练习在英语学习的旅程中，不规则动词无疑是一块必须攻克的基石。它们不像规则动词那样遵循“加-ed”的简单变化规律，其过去式和过去分词的构成往往需要我们投入额外的精力去记忆和区分。无论是日常交流还是应试写作，对不规则动词的熟练掌握都直接影响着语言表达的准确性和地道性。本文旨在为大家提供一份清晰、实用的常用不规则动词速查指南，并辅以针对性练习，帮助您高效巩固，轻松应对。一、核心不规则动词分类速查以下是根据动词过去式和过去分词的构成特点，对最常用不规则动词进行的分类整理。掌握这些分类规律，能帮助您更有条理地记忆。（一）第一类：AAA型（原形、过去式、过去分词同形）这类动词的三种形式完全一样，是不规则动词中相对友好的一类。*cut(切；割)-cut-cut*put(放)-put-put*hit(打；击)-hit-hit*hurt(伤害；疼痛)-hurt-hurt*let(让；允许)-let-let*set(放置；设定)-set-set*shut(关闭)-shut-shut*cost(花费)-cost-cost*read(读)-read(读音不同)-read(读音不同)*spread(传播；展开)-spread-spread（二）第二类：AAB型（原形与过去式同形，过去分词不同）此类动词的过去式与原形一致，但过去分词则发生变化。*beat(打败；拍打)-beat-beaten（三）第三类：ABA型（原形与过去分词同形，过去式不同）这类动词的过去分词与原形相同，过去式则是变化的。*run(跑)-ran-run（四）第四类：ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形，原形不同）这是不规则动词中数量较多的一类，过去式和过去分词相同，但与原形有别。*bring(带来)-brought-brought*buy(买)-bought-bought*think(想；认为)-thought-thought*catch(抓住；赶上)-caught-caught*teach(教)-taught-taught*feel(感觉)-felt-felt*keep(保持；保留)-kept-kept*sleep(睡觉)-slept-slept*sweep(扫)-swept-swept*leave(离开)-left-left*lose(丢失)-lost-lost*build(建造)-built-built*send(发送)-sent-sent*spend(花费)-spent-spent*lend(借出)-lent-lent*meet(遇见)-met-met*hold(握住；举行)-held-held*find(找到)-found-found*stand(站)-stood-stood*understand(理解)-understood-understood*win(赢)-won-won*shine(照耀)-shone-shone(美语中也用shined-shined)*sit(坐)-sat-sat*dig(挖)-dug-dug*hang(悬挂)-hung-hung(注意：hang表示“绞死”时，为hanged-hanged)*stick(粘贴；刺)-stuck-stuck*tell(告诉)-told-told*sell(卖)-sold-sold*say(说)-said-said*pay(支付)-paid-paid*lay(放置；下蛋)-laid-laid*hear(听见)-heard-heard*make(制作；使)-made-made*have/has(有)-had-had*eat(吃)-ate-eaten(哦，抱歉，这个是ABC型，放错了，下面会提到)*get(得到；变得)-got-got(美语中常用gotten作过去分词)（五）第五类：ABC型（原形、过去式、过去分词均不同）这类动词的三种形式各不相同，是记忆的重点和难点，需要特别关注。*do/does(做)-did-done*go(去)-went-gone*eat(吃)-ate-eaten*see(看见)-saw-seen*break(打破)-broke-broken*choose(选择)-chose-chosen*speak(说)-spoke-spoken*wake(醒来)-woke/waked-woken/waked*drive(驾驶)-drove-driven*ride(骑)-rode-ridden*write(写)-wrote-written*rise(上升)-rose-risen*fall(落下)-fell-fallen*give(给)-gave-given*take(拿走)-took-taken*mistake(弄错)-mistook-mistaken*freeze(冻结)-froze-frozen*forget(忘记)-forgot-forgotten/forgot*begin(开始)-began-begun*drink(喝)-drank-drunk*ring(响铃)-rang-rung*sing(唱)-sang-sung*swim(游泳)-swam-swum二、巩固练习练习一：用括号内动词的适当形式填空1.I______(go)totheparkyesterday.2.She______(eat)threeapplesthismorning.3.They______(see)amovielastnight.4.He______(break)hislegwhileplayingfootball.5.We______(do)ourhomeworkalready.6.Thesun______(rise)intheeasteveryday.Yesterday,it______(rise)at6o'clock.7.Mymother______(make)acakeformybirthdaylastweek.8.I______(meet)anoldfriendonthestreetyesterday.9.Thechildren______(swim)inthepoolfortwohoursyesterdayafternoon.10.He______(give)meabookasapresentlastmonth.练习二：将下列句子改为被动语态（提示：注意动词过去分词的正确使用）1.Someonestolemybike.→Mybike____________(steal).2.Theybuiltthishousein1990.→Thishouse____________(build)in1990.3.Shehaswrittenthreeletters.→Threeletters__________________(write)byher.4.Wewillholdthemeetingtomorrow.→Themeeting__________________(hold)tomorrow.(此题考察将来时被动，但核心是过去分词)5.Hebrokethewindow.→Thewindow____________(break).练习三：用所给动词的适当形式完成短文LastSunday,Tomandhisfriends______(go)hiking.They______(meet)attheschoolgateearlyinthemorning.Theweather______(be)fine.They______(walk)forabouttwohoursandthen______(reach)thetopofthehill.Fromthere,they______(see)abeautifulview.They______(bring)somefoodwiththemand______(have)apicnic.Afterlunch,they______(play)games.They______(take)manyphotos.They______(start)togobackataroundfouro'clock.Althoughthey______(feel)tired,they______(have)agreattime.三、练习答案练习一答案：1.went2.ate3.saw4.broke5.havedone6.rises;rose7.made8.met9.swam10.gave练习二答案：1.wasstolen2.wasbuilt3.hasbeenwritten4.willbeheld5.wasbroken练习三答案：LastSunday,Tomandhisfriendswenthiking.Theymetattheschoolgateearlyinthemorning.Theweatherwasfine.Theywalkedforabouttwohoursandthenreachedthetopofthehill.Fromthere,theysawabeautifulview.Theybroughtsomefoodwiththemandhadapicnic.Afterlunch,theyplayedgames.