2026年九年级中考英语二轮复习专题十五 主从复合句课件

主从复合句专题十五目录专题要点明晰考点分类讲练主从复合句是分句之间呈现主从关系的一种复合句,因此要包含至少两个谓语(主句一个,从句一个)。类别意义举例宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语的句子引导宾语从句的常见关联词:that,if,whether,what,who...Ithink(that)itisawonderfulplace.类别意义举例状语从句在复合句中用作状语的从句根据表达的意思可分为时间、原因、条件、比较、结果、目的、让步等类型Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.(结果)Ifyoudo,youwillbelate.(条件)定语从句(关系从句)在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Tomistheonewhocanwritehisownmusic.课标要求掌握三个方面的内容:宾语从句、状语从句以及能够辨认及理解定语从句(关系从句)。中考高频考点:宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句。考点1

宾语从句在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。一、宾语从句的语序宾语从句在句子中要用陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”。DoyouknowwhereTomlives?你知道汤姆住哪儿吗?Iwonderifyouwillcometotheparty.我想知道你是否来参加派对。二、宾语从句的引导词(关系词)引导词用法例句that(宾语从句为陈述句时)在从句中无意义,不充当句子成分,在口语中常可省略Ibelieve(that)youwillsucceed.我相信你会成功。连接代词(宾语从句为特殊疑问句时)what/which/who/whose/whom等在从句中作一定的成分,如作主语、宾语、定语等Lisawonderswhatsheshoulddonext.莉萨想知道她接下来应该做什么。Doyouknowwhosecoatitis?你知道这是谁的外套吗?引导词用法例句连接副词(when/where/why/how等)在从句中作状语Jessiehasn’tdecidedwhenshewillleaveforParis.杰西还没有决定什么时候出发去巴黎。if/whether(一般疑问句)“是否”,说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,know,wonder等之后Idon’tknowif/whethermysisterwillcometotheparty.我不知道我姐姐是否会来参加聚会。【特别提醒】只能用whether不能用if的情况(1)在介词后I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.我在考虑我们是否应该去钓鱼。(2)在动词不定式前Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.他们问我是否去滑冰。(3)当与ornot连用,或提出两种选择时Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.我不知道他是否有空。MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.玛丽问我是否在写作业。(4)宾语从句提前时Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.这是真是假,我不能说。主句从句例句一般现在时根据实际情况使用相应的时态(主现从不限)IhearJoeleftforBeijingyesterday/willleaveforBeijingtomorrow.我听说乔昨天去了北京/明天要去北京。一般过去时使用相对应的过去的某种时态(主过从也过)Katesaidshewasgoingshoppingatthistimeyesterday.凯特说她昨天这个时候正要去购物。从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时,不管主句使用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时(客观真理永一现)MissHusaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。三、宾语从句的时态▶

考点专练1.(2024白银、平凉、武威)—Excuseme,doyouknow

?—Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.A.whereIcanbuysomevegetables B.howtogettothepostofficeC.whenthebandstartsplaying D.whyhe’slateforschoolagain2.(2024连云港)—John,canyoutellme

inthefuture?—Iwanttobeafootballplayer.A.whatwillyoudo B.wherewillyougo C.whatyouwilldo D.whereyouwillgo3.(2024天津)—Couldyoutellme

?—HelikestheScienceMuseumbest.A.whenKevinvisitedthemuseum B.whichmuseumKevinlikesbestC.whendidKevinvisitthemuseum D.whichmuseumdoesKevinlikebest4.(2024云南)—Canyoutellme

?—Sure.Iusuallygivesomebookstoavillagelibrary.A.whenWorldBookDayis B.whenisWorldBookDayC.howyoucelebrateWorldBookDay D.howdoyoucelebrateWorldBookDay5.(2024东营)—Doyouknow

?—20～30minutes,theexpertssuggest.A.whatweshouldeatforameal B.whereweshouldeatamealC.whyweshouldnoteatamealtooquickly D.howlongweshouldspendeatingamealh6.(2024遂宁)—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme

?—It’sonsale,only45yuan.Doyoulikeit?A.howmuchdoesthejacketcost B.howmuchthejacketcostsC.whatwasthepriceofthejacket D.whetherthepriceofthejacketwashigh7.(2024长春)—TheMid-AutumnFestivaliscoming.Iwonder

.—Inyouruncle’shome.A.wherewewillcelebrateit B.whenwewillcelebrateitC.wherewillwecelebrateit D.whenwillwecelebrateit8.(2024河北)Toknow

themountaintoplookslike,youneedtoreachit.A.what B.when C.where D.which

考点2

定语从句(仅作理解)在主从复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词where,when,why。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,同时又作定语从句的成分。关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分例句who指人主语、宾语I’dliketocongratulateallthestudentswhoareheretoday.我要祝贺今天在座的所有学生。(作主语)Heisthemanwhowearewaitingfor.他就是我们正在等待的人。(作宾语)whom指人宾语He’stheboy(whom)Italkedwithjustnow.他就是刚才和我交谈过的男孩。(作宾语)一、关系代词的基本用法关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分例句that指人或物主语、宾语、表语Ilovemoviesthatarefunny.我喜欢有趣的电影。(作主语)ThebookthatIreadisfascinating.我读的这本书很吸引人。(作宾语)Heisnotthemanthathewas.他不再是(过去的)那个人了。(作表语)关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分例句which指物主语、宾语I’llneverforgetthedays(which)wespenttogether.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。(作宾语)Thebookwhichisonthedeskbelongstome.桌子上的书是我的。(作主语)关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分例句whose指人或物定语HeisthewriterwhosenameisJerry.他是一位名叫杰瑞的作家。(作定语)Theroomwhosewindowisopenismine.窗户开着的房间是我的。(作定语)【特别提醒】(1)that作宾语时可以省略;作介词的宾语时,介词不可位于that之前;如果介词位于关系代词前,用which或whom等其他词替代that。Everygreatmanhasspecialthings(that)wecanlearnfrom.=Everygreatmanhasspecialthingsfromwhichwecanlearn.每个伟大的人都有值得我们学习的特别之处。(2)关系代词只能用that不能用which的情况(小口诀:代特高/序双)①先行词是不定代词时:all,everything,nothing,anything,something...Everythingthatwehaveseenintheshopiswonderful.我们在商店里看到的一切事物都是美妙的。②先行词中含有特指的词时:theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame...Thisisthelastbookthatsheislookingfor.这是她正在寻找的最后一本书。③当先行词被最高级/序数词修饰时Iwillalwaysrememberthebest/firstlessonthatIlearned.我将永远记住我学到的最好的/第一课。④当先行词中既有人又有物时(which只指物不指人)Idon’tknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout.我不了解他们正在谈论的事情和人。(3)关系代词只能用which/who/whom不能用that的情况①先行词为those/one并指人时,通常用who/whom②非限制性定语从句中不能用that③由“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,指物用介词+which,指人用介词+whom,表示所属关系用介词+whoseThepolicemanwithwhomyoutalkedismyelderbrother.和你交谈的那个警察是我的哥哥。ThisisthedictionaryforwhichIpaid8dollars.这是我花费八美元买的词典。二、关系副词的基本用法关系副词先行词在从句中所作的成分例句whenday,year,date,time等表示时间的名词时间状语Istillrememberthedaywhenwemetforthefirsttime.我还记得我们第一次相遇的那天。关系副词先行词在从句中所作的成分例句whereplace,city,country等表示地点的名词地点状语ThisisthetownwhereLuXunwasborn.这就是鲁迅出生的小镇。why表示原因的名词reason原因状语Iwanttoknowthereasonwhyyoudidn’tcometoschoolthismorning.我想知道你今天早上没有来上学的原因。▶

考点专练1.(2024乐山)—I’llneverforgettheexperiences

wehadinthevolunteerworklastsummer.—Metoo.The3daysweremeaningfulandfulloffun.A.when B.who C.that2.(2024遂宁)—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulikebest?—Ilikethemovies

makemefeelhappyandrelaxed.A.what B.which C.who D./3.(2024泸州)Atruefriendisaperson

willalwaysbetheretoshareyourlaughterandtears.A.what B.which C.who D.whom4.(2024长春)Asasciencelover,IhopeIcaninventabike

canflyinthesky.A.where B.when C.which D.who考点3

状语从句一、常见状语从句的类型及其引导词分类引导词例句时间状语从句before,since,not...until,as,while,assoonas,after,when,wheneverAssoonashearrivedinFrance,hecalledme.他一到法国就给我打了电话。条件状语从句if,unless,aslongas...Ifyoudothis,you’llbelate.如果你这样做,你会迟到的。分类引导词例句让步状语从句though,although,eventhough/ifEventhoughheis80,hestilllooksstrongandhealthy.虽然他已经80岁了,但他看起来仍然强壮健康。原因状语从句because,as,sinceIdidn’tgosurfingbecauseitwastoocold.我没有去冲浪,因为天气太冷了。目的状语从句sothat,inorderthatYoushouldtalktohimsothatyoucansayyou’resorry.你应该跟他谈谈,这样就可以向他道歉。分类引导词例句结果状语从句so/such...that...Hewassoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.他太小了,不能去上学。比较状语从句than,as...as...,notas/so...as...JohnswimsfasterthanJim(does).约翰游得比吉姆快。地点状语从句where,whereverWhereverIam,Iwillbethinkingofmyfamily.无论我在哪里,我都会想着我的家人。方式状语从句as,asif/thoughTheydidasIhadasked.他们是按照我的要求做的。二、常见状语从句的时态主将从现在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中,若主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来I’llcallyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。(时间状语从句)Ifmymotherallowsmetogototheparty,Iwillbeveryhappy.如果我的妈妈允许我参加聚会,我将会非常开心。(条件状语从句)主祈从现/主情从现若主句是祈使句,或主句中有情态动词时,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.当你过马路时要小心。(主祈从现)Youcangetgoodgradesifyoustudyhard.如果你努力学习,你就能取得好成绩。(主情从现)since