Unit3FoodandCulture词汇-gred-gress-gree-grad-towalkgoingre课件-高中英语人教版（2019）选择性

-gress-,-grad-,-gred-,-gree-,-gre-

togo,walk走Objective:通过词源解析和词根词缀构词分析，掌握grade,gradual,graduate,graduation,centigrade,degrade,agressive,progress,degree,ingredient等核心词及其派生词。

1.ingredient/ɪn‘griːdɪənt/n.

原料；要素；组成部分；a.构成组成部分的

in-into,往里，-gred-step,go,walk,-i-,-ent名词后缀，步入其中，成为要素，原料，组成部分。

Processedfoodsoftencontainlessnutrition,andhavehigherquantitiesofsugar,salt,andfatthanfresh_________.ingredients2.grade/ɡreɪd/n.年级，品级;v.分类，来源于拉丁语名词gradus(步)与词根-grad-(步,级)同源Inmy

ninth-grade

writingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.*（2025全国I卷阅读A）grade的派生词gradablea.可分级的grade,-ablegrader/ˈɡreɪdə(r)/n.评分者；评分物；（尤指铺路时的）平路机；特定年级的学生;gradation/grədeɪʃən/n.Gradationsaresmalldifferencesorchangesinthings.

3.degrade/dɪˈɡreɪd/v.

degradev.de-,向下。grade,层级。即降级。侮辱，贬低；降低，削弱（尤指质量）；降解，分解；使降级，贬黜；使（岩石）陵削；使（能量）衰变derivativesofdegrade，degrade的派生词degradation/ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃn/n.落魄degradern.降能器degradable/dɪˈɡreɪdəbl/a.

(ofwasteproducts,packagingmaterials,etc)capableofbeingdecomposedchemicallyorbiologically(废料、包装材料等)可降解的,biodegradable

4.upgrade/ˌʌpˈɡreɪd/v.升级，改善CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineerattheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookinginto________drinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”（2025全国I卷阅读D）upgrading

5.downgrade/ˌdaʊnˈɡreɪd/v.使降级，退步

down,gradeonthedowngrade在走下坡路；衰落；每况愈下Theboy'sconditionhasbeen____________fromcriticaltoserious.那个男孩的病情得到了缓解，从危急降为重症。downgraded

centigrade/ˈsentɪɡreɪd/n.摄氏温度

词根词缀：-centi-百,百分之一+-grad-步,级+-eCentigradeisascaleformeasuringtemperature,inwhichwaterfreezesat0degreesandboilsat100degrees.Itisrepresentedbythesymbol°C.摄氏的(简写为C)6.gradual/ˈɡrædʒuəl/

a.逐渐的-grad-,-u-,-al形容词或名词后缀graduallyad.gradual,-ly副词Losingweightisaslow,_________process.gradual

7.graduate英/ˈɡrædjʊɪt//ˈɡrædjʊˌeɪt/

美/ˈgrædʒuɪt/;/ˈɡrædʒuˌeɪt/

Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.graduate词源解析词根词缀：-grad-步,级+-u-+-ate名词后缀，动词后缀时表示动作的完成，即走完了某一个阶段→在学业上完成某一步/某一级，毕业graduation英/ˌɡrædjʊˈeɪʃən/美/ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃ(ə)n/n.毕业，-ion名词后缀graduationceremony毕业典礼graduationcertificate毕业证TheGraduate《毕业生》单句填空：1.Whentheboys_________fromhighschool,AnnmovedtoasmalltowninVermont.2.Thetopone-thirdofallhighschool___________areentitledtoaneducationatCaliforniaStateUniversity.graduatedgraduates

8.undergraduate

（British）/ˌʌndəˈɡrædjʊɪt/

（American）/ˌʌndərˈɡrædʒuːɪt,-ˌeit/

JointheHarvardUndergraduateKnittingCircletomakepom-pomsandtasselsoutofthread,orpickupapairofneedlesandlearntoknit(编织).*（2024新高考I卷阅读A）

apersonstudyinginauniversityforafirstdegree

under在下面，graduate，毕业之下，还没有毕业，本科生的，本科生graduateschool研究生院填空：undergraduateorgraduate“Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearof______________,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.（2024全国甲卷阅读D）undergraduate

9.degree/dɪˈɡriː/n.度，度数，学位，官阶

de-,向下。-gree,走，层级，词源同grade.原指阶梯，台阶，后词义抽象化指程度，层级。C13:fromOldFrenchdegre,fromLatinde-+gradusstep,gradebachelor’sdegree学士学位；master’sdegree硕士学位

10.agressive/əˈɡresɪv/a.好斗的，挑衅的；积极进取的；严重的；强烈的

ag-,ad-to,-gress-towalk走，-iveaggressv.攻击，侵略，挑衅aggressor/əˈɡresə(r)/n.挑衅者，-oraggression/əˈɡreʃ(ə)n/n.攻击性，攻击行为nonaggression/ˌnɒnəˈɡreʃən/n.不侵犯

11.progress/ˈprəʊɡres/n.进步；v.

来自pro-,向前，-gress-走，向前走，进步，词源同grade,aggressive.progression/prəˈɡreʃ(ə)n/n.progressive/prəˈɡresɪv/

a.progressively/prəˈɡresɪvli/ad.

12.congress/ˈkɒŋɡres/n.国会；美国国会（Congress）

con-together,一起，-gress-towalk,go,走，词源同grade,aggressive.原义指一群人走到一起。congressmann.congresswomann.congressional/kənˈɡreʃən(ə)l/a.国会的congress,-ion名词后缀,-al形容词后缀

13.transgress/trænzˈɡres/v.违反；侵犯；犯罪

trans-横过，跨过，-gress-走，走过，引申为违背道德，行为失范transgressor/trænzˈɡresə(r);trænsˈɡresə(r)/n.违背者，犯规者transgression/trænzˈɡreʃnˌtrænsˈɡreʃn/

n.[地质]海侵；犯罪；违反；逸出transgressive/trænsˈɡresɪv;trænzˈɡresɪv/

a.违法的；海浸的

14.digress/daɪˈɡres/

v.离题；走向岔道

di-,分开，散开，来自dis-变体。-gress,走，词源同grade,ingress.即走散，偏离。digression/daɪˈɡreʃ(ə)n/n.digressive

/daɪˈɡresɪv/

a.15.regress/rɪˈɡres/v.倒退，回归；n.

re-back,向后，往回，-gress-towalk,走，词源同grade,aggressive.引申词义倒退，回归。regressive/rɪˈɡresɪv/a.回归的；后退的；退化的-iveregression/rɪˈɡreʃn/n.后退，倒退

用digress,regress,transgress的相关词汇填空1.Andfinally,thereis_________,whichisreturningtoanearlierstageofdevelopment.2.She_______fromherpreparedspeechtopaytributetothepresident.3.Buthowandwhyhe_____________,anddrewtheterriblesentenceonhimself,remainsamystery.regressiondigressedtransgressed语法填空：WangXizhi:TheMasterofCalligraphyWangXizhi,China’slegendarycalligrapheroftheEasternJinDynasty,dedicatedhislifetoperfectinghisart.Hisjourneywasoneofgradualprogress,__1__（begin）inhisearlyyearswhenhepracticedwritingtirelessly.Evenasayoungstudent,heneversettledforalowgrade;instead,he__2_（seek）

masterythroughrelentlesseffort.His__3__（commit）

wasextraordinary.Hewouldpracticeuntilhishandsached,__4__（forget）mealsandsleep.It’ssaidthathewashedhisbrushesandinkstonessoofteninapond_5_itswaterturnedblack—atestamenttohisperseverance.Theingredientofhissuccesswasnottalentalonebutunwaveringdiscipline.WangXizhialsodrew_6_（inspire）fromnature.Observinggeese,hestudiedtheirgracefulmovements,applyingtheirfluiditytohisbrushstrokes.Thiscreativeapproachelevatedhiscraft,preventinghisskillsfromever__7__（regress）.Hisson,WangXianzhi,latergraduatedintoafinecalligr