2024-2025学年度定西师范高等专科学校单招《英语》经典例题附参考答案详解（基础题）

定西师范高等专科学校单招《英语》经典例题考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、Eightypercentofthemoney（）spentrecyclingtherubbish.A.hasB.haveC.hasbeenD.havebeen答案:C解析:这道题考查主谓一致和被动语态。在英语中，“百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致，money是不可数名词，谓语用单数，排除B、D。句子强调钱被用于垃圾回收，要用被动语态，A选项没有被动，所以选C。即“Eightypercentofthemoneyhasbeenspentrecyclingtherubbish.”2、MargaretPorterisaviolinistandmusicteacher.Accordingtoher,thebestagetostartlearningtheviolinisbetweenthreeandsix.Shesays,“It'sthetimewhenyouarelearningabouttheworld.”Margaret,wholivesinLondon,likestotakepupilsatthreeandfour,However,shehasmadelotsofexceptions(例外)forfive-year-olds.Shestartedteachingtheviolinin1972andshetaughtherchildren'sfive-year-oldschoolfriendsatfirst.Margaret'spupilshavegrouplessons.Eachgrouphasabouttwelvepupilsandeachlessontakesanhour,oncehalfamonth.Eachpupilalsohasoneindividual(一个人的)lessonaweekwithher.Parentshavetoattendtheclasses.Itisimportantthattheparentstakeanactiveinterestinthelessons.InMargaret'sopinion,it'simportantforonetoknowwhymusicsoundsthewayitdoes.With-outknowingit,onecan'tbecomeagreatmusicianatall.Sofromtheearliestlessons,pupilsinherclasslearntoplaybyear.Theydonoteventrytoreadmusicuntiltheyhavebeenplayingforseveralyears.Margaretsaysthathermethodisnotmeanttoproducegreatviolinists.Shealwayssuggeststhatpupilswhoperformverywellshouldleaveandstudytheviolinusingmoretraditionalmethods.

Margaret'sfirstpupilswere()A.herfriendsB.six-year-oldsC.herchildren'sfriendsD.threeandfour-year-olds答案:C解析:根据文章内容，MargaretPorter在1972年开始教小提琴，她最初教的是她孩子们的5岁学校朋友。因此，她的第一批学生是她孩子的朋友，而非她自己的朋友（A选项错误），也不是六岁的孩子（B选项错误），更不是专门的三岁和四岁的孩子（D选项错误），而是她孩子的5岁学校朋友（C选项正确）。3、Hedidbadlyinthegame,sohewasworriedabout__A.kickingoffB.kickoffC.beingkickedoffD.bekickedoff答案:C解析:这道题考查“beworriedabout+动名词”的用法。在英语语法中，“about”是介词，其后需接动名词形式。同时，“he”与“kickoff”之间是被动关系，即“他被开除”。所以要用“beingkickedoff”。综合来看，根据语法规则和语境，答案选C。4、Therewasonceagroupofyoungpeoplesearchingeverywhereforhappiness,butwhattheygotwasonlyannoyance,griefandmisery.Sothey（1）Socrates(苏格拉底)foradviceonwherehappiness（2）.But（3）givinganyanswers,Socratesaskedthemtohelpwithbuildinga（4）first.Thegroupofguyshadto（5）thetask,layingasidetheirownbusinessofseekinghappiness.Ittookthemalongtimetocutdownatalltree,diggingoutthecenter.Throughpainstakingeffort,theymadeacanoeoutofthetree.Theylaunchedthecanoeintoariver,andthen（6）togetherinit,singingwith（7）.

Socratesasked,“Mychildren,doyouhavehappinessnow?”Theyansweredinchorus:“We8behappier!”Socrates（9）,“That'sit!（10）youaretoobusypursuingsomethingtonoticeanythingbitter,happinesswilloccur.”FromthestoryIgottoknowthathappiness（11）hidesbehindeverytinythingthatyouareinvolvedin,andthatyoumayonlygetpleasurethrough（12）workandcreativity.Wemayhaveto（13）paininourdailylifeandintheprocessof（14）happiness.Sometimeswetendtolookforhappinessin（15）things,likeanewcar,clothes,etc.Truelong-termhappiness,（16）,comesfromwithinour（17）andspirit.Sowhynotturnsufferinginto（18）life,andturntearsintothelightinyourheart?Onlyinthiswaycanwefindtruehappiness.Somydearfriends,justrememberhappinessisastateofmindandamatterof（19）,andI（20）youallalifeofhappiness

第2空填（）。A.stoodB.belongedC.layD.laid答案:C解析:此空所在句子意为“他们去哪里寻找幸福”，“wherehappinesslies”表示“幸福存在于哪里”，lie表示“存在，在于”，符合语境。A选项stand表示“站立，忍受”；B选项belong表示“属于”；D选项laid是lay的过去式，表示“放置，铺设”，这三个选项都不符合此处的意思和语境。5、从下列选项中找出其括号部分与所给单词括号部分读音相同的选项。（）b(u)sinessA.p(u)blicB.pop(u)larC.st(u)dyD.b(i)ll答案:D解析:这道题考查单词中元音字母“u”的读音。在“business”中“u”的读音为[ɪ]。选项A中“public”的“u”读音为[ʌ]；选项B中“popular”的“u”读音为[ə]；选项C中“study”的“u”读音为[ʌ]；选项D中“bill”的“i”读音为[ɪ]，与“business”中“u”读音相同。6、Johndidbadlyinthesportsmeeting.AndIdideven（）A.worstB.badC.badlyD.worse答案:D解析:这道题考查比较级的用法。比较级用于两者之间的比较，题干中说John表现不好，“andIdideven...”表示“我甚至更......”，要用比较级。badly的比较级是worse，A选项worst是最高级，B选项bad是原级，C选项badly是原级，所以应选D选项worse。7、BuddyisbeinglookedonasaheroonFridayafter（1）hisowner'slifeby（2）thesleepingman（3）afire.ThecatgavesomeofhisownninelivestohisownerwhenafirestartedintheirhouseinTorontoonThursday.Thecat（4）onthemanandmoved（5）enoughtowakehimup.The75-year-oldman,wholiveswithBuddy,isbeingtreatedin（6）forburnstohisfaceandhands.“He's（7）ahero.（8）hehadn'twokenhimup,hecouldhave（9）thatfire,”saidKellyHand,whohasbeenlookingafterBuddyataTorontoanimalhospital.“Thisis（10）foreat.Itwouldbemorelikelythatadogwoulddo（11）likethis.Buddy（12）theanimalhospital（13）singedfurand（14）inblacksoot.Heisnowtakingsome（15）andwillbewellsoon,”saidHand.

第(10)选（）A.commonB.certainC.usualD.unusual答案:D解析:在原文中，猫Buddy通过唤醒主人拯救了其生命，这种行为在常规情况下并不常见，尤其是相对于狗而言。因此，用“unusual”（不寻常的）来形容这种行为是恰当的。8、Areyougoingforapicnic________Sunday?A.atB.onC.inD.with答案:B解析:这道题考查时间介词的用法。在英语中，at用于具体时刻，in用于较长时间段，with不符合此处语境。on用于具体日期，Sunday是具体的日期，所以要用on。综上所述，答案选B。9、Youwon'tpasstheexam（）youworkhardatyourlessons.A.ifB.whenC.whileD.unless答案:D解析:这道题考查连词的用法。在英语语法中，unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句。if表示“如果”，when表示“当......时候”，while表示“当......时候；然而”。这里说“你不会通过考试”，后面接“除非你努力学习功课”逻辑通顺。所以应该选D选项unless。10、MayIspeaktoMr.Brown,please?—________A.I'msorryIcan't.B.Goodmorning.ThisisSunshineHotel.C.MayItakeamessageD.Justamomentplease.I'llputyouthrough.答案:D解析:这道题考查日常电话用语的应用。在电话交流中，当对方请求与某人通话时，D选项“Justamomentplease.I'llputyouthrough.”意思是“请稍等，我为您接通”，符合正常的回应逻辑。A选项表示拒绝，B选项是早上好及介绍酒店，C选项是要帮忙留言，均不符合此时的语境。所以应选择D选项。11、Comeon!I’mhungry.Itistime________dinner?A.forB.onC.inD.at答案:A解析:这道题考查“itistimeforsth.”这一固定句型的用法。在英语中，表达“到做某事的时间了”常用“itistimefor+名词”。选项A符合该句型，“itistimefordinner”意思是“到吃晚饭的时间了”。B、C、D选项与“itistime”搭配不当，所以应选A。12、-Idon'tknowhowto（）theoldbooks.-Whynotgivethemawaytopoorchildren?A.handoutB.dealwithC.lookthroughD.takeup答案:B解析:这道题考查对动词短语含义的理解和运用。“handout”意为“分发”；“dealwith”表示“处理”；“lookthrough”是“浏览”；“takeup”指“开始从事”。根据语境，“我不知道怎么（处理）这些旧书”，“dealwith”最符合句意，所以答案选B。13、（）cometomybirthdayparty.A.BeB.HaveC.DoD.Can答案:C解析:这道题考查助动词的用法。在英语中，“come”是实义动词，构成一般疑问句时需要借助助动词。A选项“Be”是系动词，不能直接接动词原形；B选项“Have”通常用于完成时态；D选项“Can”表示“能够”，意思不符。C选项“Do”用于一般现在时，可引导一般疑问句，所以选C。14、从下面单词中找一个括号部分读音不同的单词。（）A.t(oo)thB.w(oo)dC.g(oo)dD.f(oo)t答案:A解析:这道题考查单词中元音字母组合“oo”的读音。在B、C、D选项中“oo”都读短音/u/，而A选项“tooth”中“oo”读长音/uː/。所以答案是A选项。15、Besidesthisquestionofthetimegiventopronunciation,therearetwootherrequirementsfortheteacher:thefirst,knowledge;thesecond,technique.

Itisimportantthattheteachershouldbeinpossessionofthenecessaryinformation.Thiscangenerallybegotfrombooks.Itispossibletogetfrombookssomeideaofthespeech,andofwhatwecallgeneralphoneticrules.Itisalsopossibleinthiswaytogetaclearmentalpictureoftherelationshipbetweenthesoundsofdifferentlanguages,betweenthespeechhabitsofEnglishpeopleandthose,say,ofyourstudents.Unlesstheteacherhassuchapicture,anyexplanationshemakesonhisstudents'prounciationareunlikelytobeofmuchuse,andlessontimespentonpronunciationmaywellbewasted.

Butitdoesnotfollowthatyoucanteachpronunciationsuccessfullyassoonasyouhavereadthenecessarybooks.Itdepends,afterthat,whatuseyoumakeofyourknowledge;andthisisamatteroftechnique.

Nowthefirstandmostimportantpartofalanguageteacher'stechniqueishisownperformance,hisabilitytoshowoffthespokenlanguage,ineverydetailofsoundaswellasinfluentspeaking,sothatthestudent'sabilityforimitationisgiventhefullestspaceandencouragement.Theteacher,then,shouldbeasperfectamodelinthisfieldashecanmakehimself.Andtomakehisownperformancebetter,howeversatisfactorythismaybe,themodernteacherhasinhishandrecordingsandaradio,tosupplytherealvoicesofnativespeakers,or,iftheteacherhappenstobeanativespeakerhimself,orspeaksjustlikeone,thentochangethemethodofpresentingthelanguagematerial.

However,theprocessofshowingpronunciation,whetherbypersonalexampleorwiththehelpofmachines,isonlythebeginningofteachingpronunciation.Thetechniqueofteachingeachsoundalsoneedstobeconsidered.

Showingpronunciationistoberegardedas____.A.a

part

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teaching

pronunciationB.an

exercise

of

value

in

itselfC.an

example

of

the

use

of

mechanical

aidsD.a

technique

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sounds答案:A解析:原文中提到“However,theprocessofshowingpronunciation,whetherbypersonalexampleorwiththehelpofmachines,isonlythebeginningofteachingpronunciation.”这句话明确指出，展示发音只是教授发音的开始，即展示发音被视为教授发音的一部分。因此，选项A“apartofteachingpronunciation”是正确的。16、It'shottoday,（）wewanttogoswimmingintheswimmingpool.A.thoughB.butC.soD.or答案:C解析:这道题考查英语中的连词用法。“It'shottoday”表示“今天很热”，“wewanttogoswimmingintheswimmingpool”表示“我们想去游泳池游泳”，两者存在因果关系。“so”有“所以”之意，能体现这种因果逻辑。“though”表“尽管”，“but”表“但是”，“or”表“或者”，均不符合题意。所以答案选C。17、ThisT-shirtisverynice,butit（）toomuch.A.spendsB.paysC.takesD.costs答案:D解析:这道题考查几个表示“花费”的动词用法。spend主语是人，pay主语是人，take一般用于ittakessb.sometimetodosth.句型。而cost主语是物，ThisT-shirt是物，所以用costs表示“花费”。在英语中，不同“花费”动词的主语和用法有明确区别，要根据具体语境选择。18、IhopeIcandowell_________thistestandIwillbeproudofbecomingastudentofthiscollege.A.inB.onC.ofD.for答案:A解析:这道题考查介词的用法。“dowellin”是固定短语，意为“在……方面做得好”。在英语中，表示“在考试中表现好”常用“dowellinthistest”。选项B“on”、C“of”、D“for”都不符合这个表达，所以应选A。19、MyfriendMikeis__________honestboy.Youcanbelievehim.A.aB.anC.不填D.the答案:B解析:这道题考查不定冠词的用法。“honest”发音以元音音素开头，不定冠词要用“an”。在英语中，当描述某人或某物时，如果是泛指，要用不定冠词，“anhonestboy”表示“一个诚实的男孩”。这里是泛指Mike是一个诚实的男孩，所以答案选B。20、—Howdoyouoftencommunicatewitheachother?—Weoftensend（）e-mailorwrite（）letter.A.a;aB.a;anC.an:aD.an;an答案:C解析:这道题考查不定冠词的用法。在英语中，元音音素开头的单词前用an，辅音音素开头的单词前用a。e-mail以元音音素开头，用an；letter以辅音音素开头，用a。所以根据语法规则，应选择C选项。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。A(TheChina)isB(an)oldcountryC(with)alongD(history)．答案:A，删掉The2、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。A(It)B(took)C(me)twohoursD(finished)thecomposition．答案:D，tofinish3、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）

Thepolicetoldthethief,“Putupyourhands!”Thepolicetoldthethief（）（）（）hishands．答案:toputup4、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）我盼望着明年能在上海再次见到你。(lookfor