8年级英语寒假作业05 可数名词与不可数名词（巩固培优）（原卷版）

限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：寒假作业05可数名词与不可数名词可数名词与不可数名词普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。一、可数名词定义：可以按个数计算的名词，叫可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。注意：可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰，也可以用“数词＋计量名词＋of＋可数名词的复数形式”来表示。如：threeapples三个苹果；twobagsofwatermelons两袋西瓜①指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式,在名词直接加a或an，表示一个:abanana②指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式:其复数形式在词尾加-s/es(特殊情况除外)twobananas名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：【巧学妙记】(一)规则变化：1.一般的名词词尾直接加-sbook→booksroom→roomshouse→housesday→days2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词，在词尾加-esbus→busesglass→glassesbox→boxesdish→disheswatch→watches3.以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-escity→citiesbody→bodiesfactory→factories4.以f或fe结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为veshalf→halvesleaf→leavesknife→kniveswife→wives5.以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es，没生命的加stomato—tomatoes,potato—potatoesphoto—photosradio--radios【注】以o结尾的名词，加es的有【记】黑人（Negro→Negroes）英雄（hero→heroes）爱吃土豆（Potato→potatoes）和西红柿（tomato→tomatoes）【注】以o结尾的名词，加s的有【记】我听广播(radio→radios)，也看到电视录像(video→videos)，说动物园(zoo→zoo)里的袋鼠(kangaroo→kangaroos)弹着钢琴(piano→pianos)吸引游客来照相（二）不规则变化【单复数同形】：1.sheep,Chinese,Japanese单、复数同形2.people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；【单复数不同形】：1.child→children2.man→menwoman→womenpoliceman→policemen(规律：man→men)3.foot→feettooth→teeth二、不可数名词：（一）定义：不能按个数来计算的名词，叫不可数名词。注意：不可数名词没有复数形式，表示量时用“数词＋计量名词＋of＋不可数名词”结构。如：acupofmilk一杯牛奶（二）、不可数名词的用法：1.不可数名词没有复数形式，不能和a/an连用；2.不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Thefoodisveryfresh.食品很新鲜。不可数名词表示量的概念，有两种方式：（1）用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof.some,any等表示多少Idon’twantanyadvice,Iwantsomeinformation(2)用apieceof这类短语：abottleoforange,aglassofwater/milk,acupoftea.如果要表示“两杯茶”“三杯水”等概念时，在容器后加复数注意：可数名词的量可以用howmany提问；不可数名词的量可以用howmuch提问。some，any，alotof，lotsof等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。既是可数名词，又是不可数名词。（1）fish用作可数名词，指鱼的条数时单数和复数形式相同，如：onefish一条鱼，twofish两条鱼；指鱼的种类时其复数形式为fishes，如：twofishes两种鱼。fish用作不可数名词时，意思是＂鱼肉＂。（2）room用作可数名词时意思是＂房间＂；用作不可数名词时意为＂空间；余地＂。☞Wehadbetterfindaroomtolivein.我们最好找个房间住下。☞Canyoumakeroomfortheoldwoman,youngman?年轻人，你能给老太太让个地方吗?（3）chicken用作可数名词时意为＂(小)鸡＂；用作不可数名词时意为＂鸡肉＂。（4）orange用作可数名词时意为＂橘子，橙子＂；用作不可数名词时意为＂橘汁，橙汁＂。（5）hair用作可数名词时指＂单根的(人或动物的)毛发＂；用作不可数名词时指＂毛发＂的总称。（6）work用作可数名词时意为＂著作；作品＂；用作不可数名词时意为＂工作；职业＂。（7）exercise用作可数名词时意为＂练习；作业；体操＂；用作不可数名词时意为＂运动，(体育)锻炼＂。（8）time用作可数名词时意为＂次数，倍数＂；用作不可数名词时意为＂时间＂。（9）glass用作可数名词时意为＂玻璃杯＂；用作不可数名词时意为＂玻璃＂。（10）paper用作可数名词时意为＂考卷，论文，报纸＂；用作不可数名词时意为＂纸，纸张＂。三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型1．Momboughtsome________andvegetables.Shealsoneedstobuytwobottlesof________.A．potatos;milk B．potatoes;milksC．potatoes;milk D．potatos;milks2．—Iwanttomakestir-friedeggsandtomatoes.________sugardoIneed?—Youneed________sugar.A．Howmany;twospoonsof B．Howmuch;twospoonofC．Howmuch;twospoonsof D．Howmany;twospoonof3．OurEnglishteachergaveussome________onhowtoremembernewwordsbetter.A．suggestion B．suggestions C．idea D．advices4．—Mum,I’mhungry.—Thereare________onthetable.Youcanhaveone.A．twoapples B．twoapple C．anapple D．aapple5．Fiveinternationalstudentsformourgroup.Twoofthemare________andthreeofthemare________.A．Japaneses;GermenB．Japanese;GermenC．Japanese;Germans D．Japaneses;German6．SuBingtianbecameoneof________inAsia.A．thefastestrunnerB．thefastestrunnersC．fasterrunners D．thefasterrunners7．—There________nosaltathome.Remembertobuy________thisafternoon.—OK,Dad!A．is;twobagsofsalt B．is;twobagofsaltC．are;twobagofsalt D．are;twobagsofsalt8．Youshouldput________andacupofyogurtintotheblender.A．twoteaspoonofsugar B．ateaspoonofsugarC．twoteaspoonsofsugars D．ateaspoonofsugars9．Itwillbe________tomorrow,sotherewillbealotof________tomorrow.A．rain;rain B．rainy;rain C．rain;rainy D．rainy;rainy10．Mymomwascarryingsome________atthattime.A．piecesofpaper B．pieceofpaper C．piecesofpapers D．piecespaper11．It’stimetohavelunch.I’dliketohavesome________and________.A．chicken;vegetable B．chickens;vegetables C．chicken;vegetables D．chickens;vegetable12．Ihavealotof________today.Ineedtofinishthreedifficult________before5o’clock.A．work;tasks B．tasks;work C．job;tasks D．tasks;job13．SailingacrosstheAtlanticisquite________,butforthosewhohaven’t________insailing,thatisverydangerous.A．anexperience;manyofexperiences B．anexperience;muchexperienceC．experience;muchexperience D．experience;manyexperiences14．Canyougiveme________onit?A．somepiecesofadvices B．anypieceofadvices C．anypieceofadvice D．somepiecesofadvice15．There’snothinginthefridge.Let’sgoandbuy________and________.A．twokilosofpork;threebreads B．afewpork;somecarrotsC．afewtomatoes;twokilosofmeat D．twoboxesofegg;manybeef16．Thetouristwithgreat________hadseveralexciting________duringhisvisittoAfrica.A．experiences;experiences B．experience;experience C．experiences;experience D．experience;experiences17．Somestudentsinourschoolhardlytake________,soourheadmasterasksustodomorning________everyday.A．exercises;exercises B．exercise;exerciseC．exercises;exercise D．exercise;exercises18．Thereissome________inyourdrawer.Youcancorrectthemistakesinyour________onit.A．paper;papers B．papers;papers C．paper;apaper D．papers;paper19．Mymotherkeepsmany__________,butshenevereats___________.A．chickens;chicken B．chicken;chickenC．chicken;chickens D．chickens;chickens20．Mygrandfatherhasafarm.Andtherearemany________onit.A．sheep B．rabbit C．chicken D．duck21．The________dentistsarehelpingpeoplewiththeir________problems.A．man;tooth B．man;teeth C．men;tooth D．men;teeth22．She________hensandpigswithher________lastSundaynight.A．fed;children B．feed;children C．feed;child D．fed;childs23．—Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?

—Ten________and5________aswell.A．sheeps;deers B．sheep;deer C．sheeps;deer D．sheep;deers24．Icanseesome________intheriver.A．goose B．gooses C．geese D．geeses25．Therearefour________andtwo________inthegroup.A．Japanese;GermenB．Japaneses;GermenC．Japanese;Germans D．Japaneses;Germans一、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Jakealwaysfeltlonelywhenhestartedhisjuniorhigh.Hewasn’tsure1hecouldmakefriends.Hethoughtthebestwaywastobe2.Atlunch,hesawanewboysittingaloneatthetableand3.“Hey,canIsithere?”heasked.“Sure,I’mAlex,”he4withasmile.“I’mJake.Areyounew?”Alexnodded.“Yeah.5,Ihavemovedhere.Idon’tknowanybody.”Jakethoughtthiswasagood6tomakeanewfriendtobecomepopular.“Iknowhowthatfeels.What7doyoulike?”“Basketballismything.”Alex’sfacelitup.Astheyspenttimetogether,JakefoundthatAlexwasaboywithgood8.Hewaspolitetopeoplearoundand9arguingwithothers.Littlebylittle,Jakeforgottomake10popularbutstartedtohelparoundwithAlex.Oneday,Alexwasstressed11hedidn’tplaywellinthebasketballgame.Jakelistenedpatientlyandtoldjokesto12Alexup.Alexsaid,“Thanks.I’msoluckytohaveafriend13you.”Soon,Jakestartedtovolunteeratalocalhospital.Jakefeltso14tobeagoodfriendandhelpothers.Hefinallylearnedthatthebestwaytomakefriendswastothinkmoreofothersand15ofhimself.Peoplelikedhimbecausehewaskind,andheneverfeltlonelyagain.1．A．when B．where C．how D．why2．A．brave B．creative C．popular D．successful3．A．gaveup B．walkedover C．lookedup D．climbedover4．A．jumped B．replied C．doubted D．returned5．A．Finally B．Simply C．Recently D．Suddenly6．A．chance B．message C．example D．advantage7．A．food B．music C．colour D．sport8．A．dreams B．choices C．hobbies D．qualities9．A．avoided B．enjoyed C．practised D．remembered10．A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself11．A．but B．and C．because D．although12．A．fix B．kick C．make D．cheer13．A．of B．like C．for D．without14．A．angry B．nervous C．satisfied D．comfortable15．A．less B．better C．more D．faster二、阅读理解A“Oh,dear!Icanhardlyrememberthefirsttimeweateatthisrestaurant,”saidSariHauslertoherhusband.“Ican.”saidtheirsonJake,“January19th,2018.ItwasaSaturdaynight.”Jakeisonlyfifteenyearsold.However,hehasbettermemoriesthanmostpeoplewouldhaveintenlifetimes.Herememberstheresultsofeveryfootballgamehehaswatched.Gracie,theirpetdog,hesays,hashit(打)himwithhertail31times.Hecanalsotellyouwhereeveryitem(商品)inthenearbysupermarketis.Butit’snotalwaysagoodthing.Forexample,Jakecan’tforgetthemistakeshe’smade.________AnotherproblemisthatJake’steachersdon’tlikehim.Theycalltheboya“know-it-all”.Inclass,whentheteacherasksaboutafact,Jakeisalwaysthefirsttogivetheanswer.“Itrytokeepquiet.However,sometimesIjustcan’thelpbutdoit.”theboysays.Althoughrememberingsomuchinformationbringshimtrouble,Jakelikeshissuperpower.“Asupermemoryiscool,isn’tit?”hesays.16．WhatcanJakeNOTremember?A．Whenhisparentsfirstmeteachother.B．Whereeveryiteminthenearbysupermarketis.C．HowmanytimesGraciehashithim.D．Whatmistakeshehasevermadebefore.17．Whichsentencecanbeputin________.A．Hehateshisgoodmemorysomuch.B．Hefeelssorryaboutthemandoftengetsunhappy.C．Hedoesn’tknowwhyhealwaysmakessomanymistakes.D．Whilehecan’tremembergoodthingshedid.18．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Jakebegantoshowhissuperpowerwhenhewasfifteen.B．ItmightbeveryhardforJaketoforgetbadmemories.C．Jake’steachersdislikehimbecauseheknowsmorethanthem.D．Jakesometimeshasapoormemoryandneedsothers’help.19．WhatmightJakethinkofhisspecialtalent?A．Boringanduseless. B．Naturalandcommon.C．Magicbutscary. D．Troublesomebutcool.20．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．HappymemoriesinJake’slife. B．A“know-it-all”trouble.C．Aboy’sunusualmemory. D．Howtoownbettermemories.B阅读短文及文后的A~F选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Lifeisnotperfect.Itneverhasbeenandneverwillbe.Weoftencomplain(抱怨)abouttheweather,thetraffic,andthedyingflowersinouryard.Wecomplainaboutboringsoapoperas,lostkeys,andlateplanes.21Herearesomeusefulstepstohelpyoucomplainless:Knowtheimportanceofacceptingthechange.22Ifwehaveachoice,mostofuswouldnotliketowasteourlifewithourcomplainingwords.23Lifeisnotalwaysgoingtobelikewhatweexpect.Therewillalwaysbetrouble.Andthesoonerweaccepttherealworldaroundus,thesoonerwecanembracethefactthatourcontribution(贡献)isfarmoreneededthanourpleasure.Don’tbeginconversationswithacomplaint.Often,whenwetalkwithacomplaint,we’llbegincomplainingforalongtimetoo.So,trynottobeginconversationswithacomplaint.24Noticeyourtriggers(起因).25Morning,evening,orlateafternoon?Whenyouaredrinkingcoffeeorlunchwithyourfriends?Maybeitisaroundthedinnertablewithyourfamily?Takenotice.Then,avoidtriggersifpossible.Complainingisalwaysmeaninglessinourlives.Wewilllivemorehappilywithoutit.Lookforward!Let’sembracethelovelyworld!A．Cananycomplainthelpsolvetheproblem?B．Understandtherealworldwhichisnotperfect.C．Howcanwebegintochangethehabitofcomplaining?D．Isthereatimeofthedayyouwanttocomplainmorethanothers?E．Andtryshowingyourhappinesstootherswithyouropeningwordsinstead.F．Manyofuscomplainonlybecauseweneverconsideredtheremaybeabetterway.三、短文填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hello!IamJerry.Iam2611-year-oldboy.Ilikedumplingsverymuch.Doyoulikedumplings?Thedumplingisoneofthe27(traditional)foodsinChina.ThepeopleinafamilyoftengettogethertomakedumplingsonNewYear’sEve.YesterdayI28(decide)tomakethisdeliciousfoodformyfamily.First,somemeat,onecabbageandonecarrotwerenecessary.Second,togowiththedumplingfilling(馅),mymumtaughtmetocut29themeatandvegetablessothatIcould30(easy)makethedumplingfillingwiththosepiecesbyaddingsomesaltandpepper.Third,Iputthefinishedflavourful31(mix)inabowl.Fourth,Istartedmakingthedough,whichturnedout32(soft)thanIexpectedafterkneading(揉)itthoroughly(彻底).Fifth,Icutthedoughintosmallpieces33madethemintoroundones.Sixth,Iputthefillinginthecentreofadumplingwrapperonebyone,andthenfoldedthemup.Finally,Iputthedumplingsintothepotandcookthemforafewminutes.Inthisway,Icookeddeliciousdumplingsby34(my).Ifinditaninterestingexperience35(make)dumplings.阅读语篇，用自己的语言概括并补全概要中所缺信息，在空白处填入一个恰当的词块或句子。Areyourparentsoftenangrywithyou?Ordoyoualwaysdisagree(不同意)withyourparents?Maybetherelationships(关系)betweenyouandthemareterrible.Doyouwanttoimprovethesituations