外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 A new start（公开课一等奖创新教案六份打包）

外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit1Anewstart（公开课一等奖创新教案，六份打包）SectionⅠVocabulary

Ⅰ.写重点词汇

1．senioradj.(地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的

2．campusn．校园

3．facilityn．设施

4．momentn．某一时刻

5．authorn．作者，作家

6．enginen．发动机，引擎

7．panicn．惊恐，惊慌

8．postern．海报

9．draman．戏剧

10．bandn．乐队，乐团

11．debaten．讨论，辩论

12．gymn．体育馆，健身房

13．pianon．钢琴

14．stagen．舞台

15．inneradj.(想法或情感)未表达出来的，隐藏的，内心的

16．topicn．话题，论题

17．gainv．获得，赢得

18．schedulen．计划表，进度表，日程表

19．awardn．奖，奖赏

20．opportunityn．机会，时机

21．viewn．(一次)观看

22．formeradj.从前的

23．sightn．看到，看见

24．figurev．认为，以为

25．particularn．细节

26．journaln．日记，日志

27．junioradj.低年级的

28．strugglev．奋斗，拼搏

29．forwardadv.向前

30．committeen．委员会

31．ratev．对……作评估，评价

32．exchangev．交流(信息、想法等)

33．seniorhigh高中

34．onebyone依次地，一个接一个地

35．butterfliesinone’sstomach情绪紧张，心里发慌

36．inpanic惊慌地

37．goallout全力以赴，竭尽全力

38．inparticular尤其，特别

39．referto参考，查阅；提到，谈到

40．lookforwardto(兴奋地)期待，盼望

41．dependon/upon依赖；依靠；取决于

42．makethemostof充分利用

43．beabouttodosth即将做某事

44．dealwith处理；应对

Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇

1．curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇心；求知欲

2．impressionn．印象，感想→impressvt.给……留下深刻的好印象→impressiveadj.令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的

3．traditionn．传统；风俗→traditionaladj.传统的

4．eagernessn．热切，渴望→eageradj.渴望的；渴求的→eagerlyadv.热切地；渴望地

5．explorev．考察，探险→explorationn．探险；探索；探测→explorern．探险家

6．collectionn．作品集；收集物；(一批)收藏品→collectvt.收集；收藏→collectorn．收藏家，收集者

7．organisev．组织→organisern．组织者→organisationn．组织→organisedadj.有组织的；有条理的；有秩序的

8．breathev．呼吸→breathn．呼吸→breathlessadj.上气不接下气的

9．challengen．挑战vt.向……挑战→challengingadj.有挑战性的

10．pressuren．压力→pressv．按；压；逼迫n．报刊

11．calmadj.镇静的，沉着的→calmnessn．冷静，镇静；平静

12．descriptionn．描述，描写，叙述，形容→describev．描述；描绘

13．confidentadj.有信心的，自信的→confidentlyadv.自信地→confidencen．自信心；信任

14．arguev．争论，争辩→argumentn．争论，争辩

15．sharpadj.锋利的；敏锐的，聪明的→sharpenv．使尖锐；变锋利→sharplyadv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地

16．intelligentadj.有智慧的，聪明的→intelligencen．智慧

17．investigatev．查明，调查→investigationn．调查

18．variousadj.各种各样的，各种不同的→varietyn．多样性，种类→varyv．变化；相异，不同

19．volunteern．志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者v．自愿做→voluntaryadj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的

20．applyv．申请→applicationn．申请→applicantn．申请者

21．subscribev．订阅(报纸或杂志)→subscriptionn．订阅，订购；(杂志等的)订阅费

22．graduatev．毕业→graduationn．毕业

23．frightenedadj.受惊的，害怕的→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的→frightenvt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightn．恐惧，害怕

24．selectv．挑选，选择→selectionn．挑选，选择；选拔

25．specificadj.具体的，特定的→specificallyadv.具体地，专门地

26．referv．参考，查阅；提到，谈到→referencen．参考，查阅

27．memorisevt.记住，熟记→memoryn．记忆力；记忆→memorialn．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念品adj.纪念的

28．improvev．改进，改善→improvementn．改善；改进

29．performancen．(工作或活动中的)表现→performv．表现；表演→performern．表演者

Ⅲ.认阅读词汇

1．Abutterflyisaflyinginsectwithalongthinbodyandfourlargeandbrightlycolouredwings.n.蝴蝶n．昆虫

2．Henudgedmeandwhispered，“Lookwho’sjustcomein."v.(用肘)轻推

3．Othersportsliketennisandbadmintonarealsogreatforrelaxingtiredeyes.n.羽毛球

4．Herhobbiesincludehiking，skateboardingandphotography.n.滑板运动n．摄影

5．Nooneknowsexactlywhythedinosaursdiedout.n.恐龙

6．Whalesanddolphinsarestillbeingkilledforcommercialprofit.n.海豚

7．Iwouldappreciateitalotifyoucangivemesomehintsonthismatter.n.有益的建议

8．ItwasontheOrientationDaythatwefirstmetandbecamelifelongfriendssince.迎新日

9．Soontherainstopped，thesuncameout，andarainbowappearedinthesky.n.彩虹

10．It’sareallyneatmovieandIstronglyrecommendittoyou.adj.好的，令人愉快的

curiousadj.好奇的(curiosityn．好奇心；求知欲curiouslyadv.好奇地)

becurioustodosth极想做某事

becuriousabout...对……感到好奇

outofcuriosity出于好奇

withcuriosity好奇地

(1)I’mcurioustoknow(know)howmanykindsofinsectshehascollecteduptonow.

(2)Itischildren’snaturetobecuriousaboutthepeopleandthingsaroundthem.

(3)Heopenedthewoodenboxoutofcuriosity(curious)，andfounditwasfulloftheauthor’soldphotos.

[写作佳句]

(4)我很想得到这个成为我们学校英语协会的志愿者的机会。

Iamcurioustogetthechancetobeavolunteerofourschool’sEnglishAssociation.

impressionn．印象，感想[impressvt.给……留下深刻的好印象；使铭记；使意识到(重要性或严重性等)impressiveadj.令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的impressedadj.对……有深刻印象的]

leave/have/makea(n)．..impressionon/uponsb给某人留下一个……的印象

impresssbwithsth＝impresssthon/uponsb使某人铭记某事；使某人明白某事物的重要性；某事给某人留下印象

beimpressedwith/by...对……印象深刻

(1)Myfirstimpression(impress)ofhimwasthathewasakindandconfidentyoungman.

(2)Sheimpressedtheworldwithhercourageandstrongeagernesstosucceed.

→Sheimpressedhercourageandstrongeagernesstosucceedon/upontheworld.

(3)Youwillsurelybeimpressedwith/bythesebeautifulbutterflies.

(4)Thisisthemostimpressive(impress)buildingIhaveeverseenonmytriptoEgypt.

[写作佳句]

(5)他的关于恐龙如何灭绝的演讲给高中生留下了深刻的印象。

Hisspeechabouthowdinosaursdiedoutleft/had/madeadeepimpressionon/upontheseniorhighschoolstudents.

eagernessn．热切，渴望(eageradj.渴望的，渴求的eagerlyadv.热切地，渴望地)

witheagerness热切地

beeagerforsth渴望得到某物

beeagertodosth渴望做某事

(1)Thelittleboylookedatthesevariouscandieswitheagerness(eager)．

(2)Atthatmoment，allthepupilswereeagerforachancetotrythesenewfacilities.

(3)Thereisnodoubtthateveryoneiseagertobeadmitted(admit)intoakeyuniversity.

[写作佳句]

(4)学生们渴望找到一个能在短期内提高英语写作水平的好方法。

StudentsareeagertofindagoodwaytoimprovetheirwrittenEnglishinashorttime.

breathev．呼吸(breathn．呼吸；气息；一口气breathlessadj.上气不接下气的)

breathein吸气

breatheout呼气

outofbreath气喘吁吁，上气不接下气

loseone’sbreath喘不过气来

holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸

takeadeepbreath深呼吸

用breathe/breath短语的正确形式填空

(1)Ifyourunveryfast，youmaybeoutofbreath/loseyourbreath.

(2)Volunteersopenedthewindowandbreathedinsomefreshair.

(3)Jacktookadeepbreathandthendivedintothefreezingwater.

(4)WeheldourbreathwhileMrEvanswasreadingtheexamresults.

[写作佳句]

(5)他冲进房间，红着脸，上气不接下气。

Heburstintotheroom，red-facedandoutofbreath/breathless.

panicn．惊恐，惊慌v．(panicked，panicked，panicking)(使)恐慌，(使)惊慌失措

in(a)panic惊慌地

getintoapanic陷入惊慌状态

panicover因……而惊慌

panicsbintodoingsth使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事

(1)Whenpeopleheardthebadnews，theyranawayfromthevillagein(a)panic.

(2)Onseeingthepolice，thecriminalwaspanicked(panic)intoraisinghishands.

(3)Themanearnsahighsalarybuthestillpanicsovertheincreasinglivingcost.

[写作佳句]

(4)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)简陷入了恐慌，她的心跳得如此剧烈，她感觉快要窒息了。

Janegotintoapanic，andherheartbeatsoviolentlythatshefeltnearlysuffocated.

confidentadj.有信心的，自信的(confidencen．自信心；信任confidentlyadv.自信地)

·beconfidentabout/of(doing)sth对(做)某事有信心

beconfidentthat...对……有信心

·have/show/loseconfidenceinsb/sth对某人/某事有/失去信心

withconfidence有把握地；自信地

(1)Aftertalkingwithherteacher，shewasmoreconfidentabout/ofthecomingexam.

(2)Whateverchallengeswearefacedwith，wealwayshaveconfidence(confident)inourselves.

[写作佳句]

(3)尽管面临着各种各样的困难，但我相信我们最终会成功。

Thoughfacedwithkindsofdifficulties，Iamconfidentthatwewillsucceedintheend.

debaten．&v．讨论，辩论

·have/holdadebateon/about/oversth进行一场关于某事的辩论/讨论

underdebate在辩论/讨论中

·debatesthwithsb与某人争论某事

(1)Eventhoughthelawisunderdebatenow，itwillbepassedsoon.

[写作佳句]

(2)上周，我们就学生是否应该在学校携带手机进行了一场激烈的辩论。

Lastweek，wehad/heldaheateddebateon/about/overwhetherstudentsshouldcarrymobilephonesatschool.

arguev．争论；辩论；争辩(argumentn．争论，争辩)

arguewithsbover/aboutsth因某事与某人争吵/争论

arguefor/against据理赞成/反对……

arguethat...主张……，认为……

arguesbinto/outofdoingsth说服某人做/不做某事

haveanargumentwithsbabout/oversth就某事与某人争吵

beyondargument无可争辩

(1)Theyarearguingwiththeirclassmatesabout/overthesolutiontotheproblem.

(2)Mostofthemembersarguedforhisplan，whichmadehimsatisfied.

(3)Hehadanargument(argue)withhiswifeyesterday.

(4)IfinallyarguedmygoodfriendintosettlingdowninthecitywhereIlived.

[写作佳句]

(5)上周，我们班就人类是否应该探索外太空进行了一场争论。一些学生认为探索太空将使我们人类受益，而另一些学生则反对这一想法。

Lastweekourclasshadanargumentabout/overwhetherhumanbeingsshouldexploreouterspace.Somestudentsarguedthatexploringspacewouldbenefitushumanswhileothersarguedagainsttheidea.

applyvt.涂；敷；应用；运用vi.&vt.申请；请求(applicationn．申请；应用applicantn．申请人)

applytodosth申请做某事

apply(tosb)forsth(向某人)申请某物

applysthto...把某物应用/涂抹于……

applyto适用于

applyoneselfto...专注于……

(1)KnowingaChinesepaintingexhibitionwillbeheldinourcity，I’mwritingtoapplytobe(be)avolunteer.

(2)Asthesayinggoes，“Practicemakesperfect.”，soyoushouldapplytheorytopractice.

(3)ItisrequiredthatallapplicantsshouldhandintheirapplicationformsbeforeMay5th.(apply)

[写作佳句]

(4)我写信申请昨天报纸上刊登的职位。在过去的几年里，我一直致力于学习英语，所以我精通英语，适合这份工作。如果您能考虑我的申请我将不胜感激。

I’mwritingtoapplyforthepositionadvertisedinyesterday’snewspaper.Inthepastfewyears，IhaveappliedmyselftostudyingEnglish，soIhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandamsuitableforthejob.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.

schedulen．进度表；计划表；日程表vt.安排；预定

onschedule准时；按时间表

aheadofschedule提前

behindschedule迟于预定时间

bescheduledfor预定；安排在……

bescheduledtodo...预定做……

asscheduled按计划

(1)ItissaidthattheOrientationDayisscheduledforFridayafternoon.

(2)Luckily，wecompletedtheprojectonscheduleorevenaheadofschedulewiththehelpofhim.

(3)Ican’tgowithyoutothebookstoreasscheduled(schedule)becauseIgotinjuredinmyrightfoot.

[写作佳句]

(4)学生传统国画展览按计划要在5月15日至24日在我们的图书馆二楼举行。

Anexhibitionofstudents’traditionalChinesepaintingsisscheduledtotakeplaceonthesecondfloorofourlibraryfromMay15toMay24.

awardn．奖，奖赏vt.给予；授予

win/receive/getanawardfor...因……而获奖

awardsbsth＝awardsthtosb授予某人某物

(1)Theactresswonthebestactressawardforherexcellentperformance.

(2)TheNobelPrizeCommitteeawardedtheprizetoTuYouyouforhermedicalcontribution.

[写作佳句]

(3)金牌被授予了第一次参加奥运会的那个女孩。

ThegoldmedalwasawardedtothegirlwhotookpartintheOlympicsforthefirsttime.

viewn．(一次)观看；看法；视线；景色vt.把……视为；观看

comeintoview看得见；进入视野

inviewof考虑到；由于

haveagoodviewof清楚地看到；饱览

inone’sview/fromone’spointofview在某人看来/从某人的观点出发

take/holdtheviewthat...持……的观点

view...as...把……看作……

用view短语的正确形式填空

(1)Whenourcarturnedthecorner，atallbuildingcameintoview.

(2)Youcanhaveagoodviewofthebeautifulsunriseandsunsetfromthewindow.

(3)Bothofustake/holdtheviewthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.

[写作佳句]

(4)他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他当作我们的朋友。

Heishonestandhelpful，andweallviewhimasourfriend.

graduatev．毕业n.大学毕业生(graduationn．毕业)

graduatefrom从……毕业

graduatein毕业于……专业

aftergraduation毕业之后

(1)IgraduatedinEnglishandhavebeenanEnglishteacherfor20years.

(2)Shewasfortunateenoughtofindajobaftershegraduatedfromtheuniversity.

(3)Wehaven’tseeneachotheraftergraduation(graduate)．

(4)Manynewgraduates(graduate)havebeengivenopportunitiestoexchangeideaswiththeartist.

[写作佳句]

(5)我很荣幸被邀请在毕业典礼上发表演讲。

Itisagreathonorformetobeinvitedtodeliveraspeechonthegraduationceremony.

sightn．看到，看见；视野；视力；景象

catchsightof看见

losesightof看不见

atthesightof一看见……(就……)

atfirstsight初看时

insight看得见，在视野范围内

outofsight看不见

用sight相关短语的正确形式完成语段

ThismorningIcaughtsightofalargecrowdofpeople.Atfirstsight，Ithoughttheremightbeacaraccident.However，whenIcamenear，aninjureddogcameinsight.Irememberedonepostfromanonlinefriendwhosaidhehadlosthispetdog.Iimmediatelycontactedtheownerandhehurriedtheresoon.Hewasoverjoyedatthesightofthatdog.Hewavedtothankmeagainandagainuntilmycarwasoutofsight.

referto描述；提到，谈到；参考，查阅(referencen．参考，查阅；提及；涉及)

referto...as...把……称作……

referencebooks/materials参考书/参考资料

(1)Sheisreferredtoasabookwormbecauseshelikesreadingverymuch.

(2)Iwouldappreciateitalotifyoucanrecommendsomepracticalreference(refer)bookstome.

[写作佳句]

(3)(应用文写作之建议信)如果你遇到了你不认识的单词，你可以查阅字典或向他人寻求帮助。

Ifyoumeetwiththewordsyoudon’tknow，youcanrefertoadictionaryorturntoothersforhelp.

lookforwardto(兴奋地)期待，盼望(to为介词)

lookforward有时表示“向前看”，后面跟todo表示目的。

在定语从句中常考查lookforwardto，其后的动词与to没有任何关系。

带介词“to”的常见短语：

leadto导致；payattentionto注意；beusedto习惯于

(1)Helookedforwardtosee(see)whowasarguingwiththeteacher.

(2)Thepresentstheboyshadlookedforwardtoweresent(send)tothemyesterday.

(3)Iamlookingforwardtogetting(get)youradviceonhowtoimprovemyoralEnglish.

[写作佳句]

(4)如果你能参加我的生日聚会，我将不胜感激。我期待着你的到来。

Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldmakeittomybirthdayparty.I’mlookingforwardtoyourcoming.

exchangen．交换；交流vt.交流(信息、想法等)；交易；兑换

exchangestudent交换生

inexchange(for)作为(对……的)交换

exchangeAforB拿A换B

exchangesthwithsb与某人交换某物

(1)Theexchangestudentofferedtocleanthekitcheninexchangeforaweek’sstayhere.

(2)You’dbetterexchangeyourCNYfordollarsbeforegoingabroad.

(3)Iamlookingforwardtoexchangingideaswithyoufacetoface.

[写作佳句]

(4)我真诚地邀请所有的交换生加入这个俱乐部，此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动。

Isincerelyinvitealltheexchangestudentstojointheclub，whichwillorganisevariousactivities.

高考热点微练

Ⅰ.一词多义

A．adj.急剧的B．adj.敏锐的C．adj.锋利的D．adv.(……点)整E．adj.急转的F．adj.清晰的

1．Becareful.Thereisasharpbendaroundthecorner.E

2．Shestaredatthedolphinwithhersharpbrighteyes.B

3．Allthefootprintsarequitesharpandclearinthesnow.F

4．Thevolunteerswillgatherattheschoolgateat8：00sharptomorrowmorning.D

5．Shehadherfingercutbyasharpknifebyaccidentwhileshewascuttingpotatoes.C

6．Therehasbeenasharpdeclineinthedeathratebecauseoftheadvancedtechnology.A

A．n.身材，体形B．n.人物C．n.数字D．n.人影E．n.图表F．vt.计算G．vt.认为

7．Isawafigureapproachinginthedarkness.D

8．Theresultshavebeenclearlyshowninthethirdfigure.E

9．Itwillnotbelongbeforetheinflationfigurestartstofall.C

10．Iwonderwhetheryouhavefiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost.F

11．(2020·天津)Sherealizedshelookedlikeachild，withhertinyfigure.A

12．Themovementissupportedbykeyfiguresfromthethreemainpoliticalparties.B

13．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants，hefigured，maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.G

A．指的是B．查阅；参考C．关于；涉及

14．ThesebooksrefertoAsianproblems.C

15．Shereferredtothelastpageofthebookforanswers.B

16．WhenIsaysomeoneisdishonest，itdoesn’trefertoyou.A

Ⅱ.熟词生义

1．ThelocaltheatregroupisstagingaproductionofHamlet.上演

2．Theactressisveryparticularaboutherclothes.讲究的；挑剔的

3．Nowadaysnoonewillchallengethefactthattheearthisround.质疑；对……提出异议

4．Oncetheraterises，itneverdropsbacktoitspreviouslevel.价格；费用

训练1Vocabulary[分值：75.5分]

Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)

1．Ishookhandsandexchanged(交流)afewwordswiththemanager.

2．Aboysuddenlyjumpedofftheroof，whichmademereallyfrightened.

3．Ihavesubscribed(订阅)toseveralmagazinesforjuniorstudentsrecently.

4．Idreamoflivinginamountainbecausetheairisfreshandgoodtobreathe.

5．Nomatterhowmanytimesyoufail，youshouldbeconfidentaboutyourself.

6．Thetopone-thirdofallhighschoolgraduatesareadmittedtothekeyuniversities.

7．Theyaredebating(辩论)whetherthecarsshouldbeforbiddentoenterthecampus.

8．Afterarrivingatthevillage，thescientistssetaboutexploring(探索)theoldhouses.

9．Iwouldappreciateitalotifyoucouldgivemethegoldenopportunitytoworkinyourfirm.

10．Thegirlwasawardedtheprizeforherexcellentperformanceintheskateboardingcompetition.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共12小题；每小题1.5分，共18分)

1．Theyfinallymadeadecisionafteraheatedargument(argue)．

2．Theletterwasn’taddressedtome，butIopeneditoutofcuriosity(curious)．

3．Atthatmoment，yourbrotherwassoangrythatwecouldn’tcalmhimdown.

4．Iamwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerinthecharityorganization(organize)．

5．Aftergraduation(graduate)，shewenttothesouthandbecameanauthorthere.

6．Eatingfishcandogoodtopeople’shealth，particularly(particular)totheheart.

7．Hiscalmness(calm)andbraveryinfaceofdangersstruckallofusdeeply.

8．Myfirstimpressionwasthattheteamdidn’tperformwellunderpressure(press)．

9．Wedecidedtoconductaninvestigation(investigate)intothecauseoftheaccident.

10．Inhisreporthereferredtothefactthatmillionsofpeoplewerestrugglingforsurvival.

11．Thisreportofferedthemostspecificandaccuratedescription(describe)oftheproblem.

12．Thereisstillroomforimprovement(improve)inyourwork，somakeascheduleandworkharder.

Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)

A

Goingfrommiddleschooltohighschoolcanbedifficult，asstudentsarefacedwithnewacademicandsocialchallenges.Beforethefirstdayofhighschool，therearethingseverysoon-to-behighschoolfreshmanandhisfamilyshouldknow.

Peoplethathaveafixedmindset(思维倾向)believethattheyareborntobegreatorweak.Ontheotherhand，peoplethathaveagrowthmindsetbelievethattheirgreatnessorweaknessisbecauseoftheirownactions.Itotallyagreethatstudentsshouldhaveagrowthmindset.Idon’texpectanystudenttomovefromjustpassingasubjecttoanA＋.It’sgoingtotaketimeandfocusedeffort;justkeepworkingonit.

Parentsshouldpreparestudentstofightthebattle“onthepillow"and“inthekitchen”．WhenIsay“pillow”，Imeansleep.Nothavingenoughsleepcanhavesomesurprisingeffectsonstudents，includingimproperbehaviour，anxietyandpoorgrades.Thesecondweaponiseatinghealthyandbalancedmeals.Studiesshowthatstudentswhoeatnutritiousmealsandwhoexercise60minutesadayremainmoreattentive(专心的)duringtheschooldayandexperienceimprovedacademicachievementandgrades.Thislast“secret”weaponisnottohaveover-scheduledtime.Makesurestudentsknowhowtosetrealisticplansandhowtosaynototasksandactivitiesthataren’timportanttothem.

Alotofstudentswhoknoweachotherfromprimaryandmiddleschoolareintheir“comfortzones”，feelingtheyhaveasenseofcontroloverandexpectationsoftheirrelationships.Thencomesthefirstrealdayofhighschool，andthatwillallchange.ThereasonwhyIencouragehighschoolfreshmentostepoutoftheircomfortzones，thoughoftenscary，isthatcomfortzonesgetboringandtherearemanykindsofpeopletogettoknow.Let’sencouragethemtogetinvolved，havefunandplay.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生从初中升入高中时可能会面临新的学业和社交挑战，作者就如何应对这些挑战给出了一些建议。

1．Whichofthefollowingrepresentsafixedmindset

A．I’matthestartingpointofmypotential.

B．Mymotherisnotgoodatchemistryeither.

C．Ishouldstartstudyingalittleearliernexttime.

D．It’sokayifIfail;atleastI’velearntsomething.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，有固化的思维倾向的人认为他们的强或弱是与生俱来的，B项“我妈妈也不擅长化学”的意思是：我的化学不好，其实是与生俱来的弱项，所以B项代表一种固化的思维倾向。故选B。

2．Whatmighttheauthorencourageparentstodo

A．Topreparehealthymealsfortheirkids.

B．Topraisetheirkidswhentheydowellinschool.

C．Totaketheirkidstovisittheirgrandparentsoften.

D．Tobuysoftpillowsfortheirkidstohaveagoodrest.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thesecondweaponiseatinghealthyandbalancedmeals."可知，作者可能会鼓励家长们为他们的孩子准备健康的食物。故选A。

3．Whatisthethirdweaponmainlyabout

A．Enjoyinggoodhealth.

B．Acquiringtheabilitytosayno.

C．Balancingschoolworkandplay.

D．Developingtimemanagementskills.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thislast‘secret’weaponisnottohaveover-scheduledtime.Makesurestudentsknowhowtosetrealisticplansandhowtosaynototasksandactivitiesthataren’timportanttothem.”可知，第三条建议主要是培养时间管理技能。故选D。

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that"inthelastparagraphreferto

A．Theexpectationoffuture.

B．Thevalueoffriendship.

C．Thefeelingthattheyhavecontroloverrelationships.

D．Thefeelingthattheybecomehelpless.

答案C

解析代词指代题。根据画线词所在句前的“Alotofstudentswhoknow...feelingtheyhaveasenseofcontroloverandexpectationsoftheirrelationships.”可知，that应指代前文提到的情况，即“处在舒适区里，感觉自己对人际关系有控制感和期望"。故选C。

B

ChinesehighschoolsdifferfromAmericanhighschoolsinmanyways.

Theclassstructure(结构)isdifferent.StudentshaveeachclassinadifferentroomwithadifferentsetofclassmatesinAmerica，whileChinesestudentsremaininthesameclassroomallday.

Inadditiontothestructuraldifference，ChinesehighschoolsalsodifferfromAmericanhighschoolsinthecollegeapplicationprocess(大学申请过程)thatstudentsundergo.

IntheUnitedStates，collegesuseanapplicationsystemthatconsidersastudent’shighschoolgrades，standardizedtestscores，after-schoolactivities，teacherrecommendations，andoftenapersonalinterview.Usually，thelastfewmonthsofsenioryearhaslittlework.

TheChinesecollegeadmissionprocessisverydifferent.Collegeacceptanceisdependedonstandardizedexaminationsheldonceayearattheendofeachschoolyear.Althoughstudentstaketestsattheendoftheirfirstandsecondyearsofhighschool，thetestthatreallymattersistheexamtakenattheendoftheirfinalyearofhighschool.

ThemainwayinwhichChineseandAmericanhighschoolsdifferisinthewayinformationistaught.

InAmerica，personalexpressionisvaluedheavily.Manyclassesarebasedondiscussionofthematerial，andteachersexpectstudentstojoininthisdialogue，sotheclassroomcanbecomenoisy.Classroomparticipation(参与)，meaninghowastudentcontributestotheclassdiscussion，isanimportantpartofastudent’sgrade，soastudentwhoworkshardbutneverspeaksupcouldreceivealowergradeasaresult.

Chineseclassroomsdonotplacethissameimportanceonclassroomparticipation.Classisbasedontheteachertalkingandthestudentslisteningquietly.Respect(尊敬)forteachersisfarmoreimportant.Whenastudentisaskedtospeak，heorsheisexpectedtostand.Thisclassroomismoreformalandrespectful.Butitalsomeanslesscommunicationbetweentheteacherandstudents.

5．WhatistheclassstructureforstudentsinAmerica

A．Theyhaveoneteacher.

B．Theystudyinthesameclassroom.

C．Theyhavedifferentclassmatesandclassrooms.

D．Theyhavethesameclassmates.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第二段“Theclassstructure(结构)isdifferent.StudentshaveeachclassinadifferentroomwithadifferentsetofclassmatesinAmerica...”可知，美国的课堂结构是学生在不同的教室与不同的同学一起学习。故选C。

6．Whatareparagraphs4and5mainlyabout

A．Differentclassstructures.

B．Thewayinformationistaught.

C．Howtogethighmarksinthefinalyearofhighschool.

D．ThedifferencesofthecollegeapplicationprocessbetweenAmericaandChina.

答案D

解析段落大意题。根据第三段的“ChinesehighschoolsalsodifferfromAmericanhighschoolsinthecollegeapplicationprocess(大学申请过程)thatstudentsundergo"和第四段、第五段内容可知，第四段和第五段主要讲中美两国大学申请过程的不同。故选D。

7．HowcanastudentmostprobablygetahighmarkinanAmericanclass

A．Bybeingnoisy.

B．Bybeingactiveinclassdiscussion.

C．Byhavingrespectforteachers.

D．Byworkinghardandnotspeaking.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据第七段的“InAmerica...Classroomparticipation(参与)，meaninghowastudentcontributestotheclassdiscussion，isanimportantpartofastudent’sgrade”可推断，在美国课堂上，学生最有可能通过积极参与课堂讨论得高分。故选B。

8．Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext

A．Bycomparingthedifferences.

B．Byfollowingtimeorder.

C．Bypresentingresearchfindings.

D．Bylistingnumbers.

答案A

解析推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段“ChinesehighschoolsdifferfromAmericanhighschoolsinmanyways."可知，作者是通过对比中美两国高中的差异来展开全文的。故选A。

Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)

(2024·陕西渭南高一期中)

Ifyouhaveahardtimegettingalongwithyourteachers，goingtoclasscanbeanightmare(噩梦)．Soherearesometipstohelpyoubuildafriendlyrelationshipwithalmostalltheteachers.

Talktoyourteachers.Inmanycases，ashortdiscussioncanclearuptheentireconflict.Askyourteachersifitisconvenientforthemtotalkinprivate.1

Ifyouappearangryorunhappyinfrontofthem，theconflictisunlikelytobesolved.

2

Teachershavemanyyearsofteachingexperienceinthesubjectstheyteach.Sodiscussingthebestwaystosucceedintheclassroommaygiveyoutheopportunitytoseethebestinstructors.

Learntounderstandtheirteachingmethods.3

Ifyouareusedtoaveryrelaxingclass，learningtobesuccessfulinastrictenvironmentisdifficultandviceversa(反之亦然)．Inmostcases，itisnecessarytogiveyourselfsometimetogetusedtoanewteachingmethod.

Askaboutyourteachers’hobbies.Ifyouknowaboutoneoftheirhobbies，youcantalkaboutitwiththem.Andyoucantrytofindifyouhavesomethingincommon.4

Learnwhyyourteacherschoosetoteach.Approachtheteachersatanappropriate(适当的)timebeforeorafterclass，notduringclass.Considersayingsomethinglike，“I’vealwayswonderedwhypeoplebecometeachers.5

Whydidyoudecidetoteach？”

A．Itseemstobeadifficultjob.

B．Askyourteachershowyoucandowellinclass.

C．Joininactivitieswithyourteachersafterschool.

D．Alwaysbepoliteandshowrespectinaconversation.

E．Awaytodiscoverthepositivesideofthingsistokeepdiaries.

F．Asharedinterestmayhelpyouseeyourteachersfromadifferentviewpoint.

G．Sometimes，youmaynotlikes