第05讲 阅读理解应用文（讲义）-（含答案） 2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）

第05讲阅读理解应用文（讲义）-（含答案）2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）第05讲

阅读理解应用文

目录

01考情透视·目标导航_____________________

1

02知识导图·思维引航_____________________

2

03考点突破·考法探究_____________________

2

考点一题型破解____________

_________2

知识点1文体特点____________

3

知识点2选材规律____________

3

知识点3高分技巧____________

3

考点二细节理解题____________

_________4

考点三推理判断题____________

_________6

04真题练习·命题洞现

1.真题实战____________

_________7

2.命题演练____________

_________10

近三年阅读理解应用文考点细目

年份卷别主题语境话题分类

新高考I卷人与自然保护生态栖息地恢复小组细节

新高考II卷人与自然参加卡洛秋季徒步节种方案

2024全国甲卷人与社会艺术节艺术展览和艺术制作活动

浙江卷1月人与社会音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》

北京卷人与社会语言交流项目的相关信息

新高考I卷人与社会自行车租赁和雇佣导游的细节

2023新高考II卷人与自然黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目

全国甲卷人与社会曼谷美食之旅的建议

全国乙卷人与社会四位从医人员的生平与事迹

浙江卷1月人与社会探险家营地的相关信息

北京卷人与社会成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求

新高考I卷人与社会文学概论课程评分办法

新高考II卷人与社会关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息

2022全国甲卷人与社会Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所

全国乙卷人与社会画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的展览

北京卷人与自我同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)

天津卷人与自我大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧

复习1.掌握应用文的文体特点及命题分布点。

目标2.掌握应用文解题的重要技巧。

3.熟悉应用文的易错原因并在训练中强化避免。

考点一

题型破解

知识点1

文体特点

应用文不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当。内容贴近日常生活，它

包括：广告、通知、便条、课程选择、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图

示、表格等。

命题分布：高考中应用文一般是A篇出现，题目数量稳定，通常3题，以细节理解题为主，推理判断题和文章出处及写

作目的题为辅。

难度分析：主要考察考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，

题目设置相对较容易。

知识点2

选材规律

选材特点信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活，用最少的篇幅表达最大量的信息。

内容特点生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。

形式特点标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章结构更鲜明。

语言特点人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。

知识点3

高分技巧

应用文类型阅读文章多以细节事实理解为主，答案的寻找可以根据问题中的关键字顺藤摸瓜，辅助以适当的推理判断。

一先题后文：

先读题目，明确考点。带着问题快速定位文中的关键信息。

二精度题干：

1.根据题干提供的信息，采用寻读、跳读的方法解答细节理解题。细节题题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性

转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、

跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。

2.解答推理判断时，要以阅读材料所提供的事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的常识。

3.在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部

分内容的概括。

三生词策略

遇到文中生词，如果不影响答题，直接跳过。如果涉及题目信息，则根据构词法，近义词、反义词、释义、同义替换

等方法结合上下文语境进行猜词。

四核对选项：

1.涉及文章出处和写作意图题时，要理解文章的主旨大意。一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开的,所以只有通过阅读

掌握该短文的主旨大意,才能正确理解短文,进而根据短文的事实、细节推断作者的观点和写作意图。通过寻找短文的

主题句，而主题句通常在段首(最常见)、段中、段尾，段道和段尾或隐含在段落中。解答主旨大意题时采用快速浏览

法,即可找到主题句或主题线索。

2.把一眼就能看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余选项依据原文辨别真伪。

知识点4

易错点拨

一忽视小标题。

一些同学忽略小标题，只关注文章的正文。其实各类标题更能帮我们把握整篇文章的大意，体现文体特点，有利于

帮助我们判断文章来源出处等。

二忽视首尾段。

应用文的首段和尾段常常涉及文章的写作意图题和文章大意题。有时首段和尾段涉及文字并不多，容易被考生忽略。

三阅读文章时逐字逐句，力争读懂每一句话。

根据应用文的文体特点和语言特点，解题时用查读法更有效。

四慢更准确。

如果阅读拖时间太长，后面写作时间不够，严重影响写作质量。

考点二

细节理解题

技巧一：划关键词：特殊疑问词、人名、地名、时间、数字等题干关键词。

技巧二：定位原文。迅速在原文找出相关句子或段落，一般不跨段。

技巧三：对比细节。原文复现、同义替换、信息整合比对选项。

典例1.（2024浙江1月卷）

TomSawyerPlayIsanAdventure

A35-minutehand-clapping,foot-stompingmusicalversionofaMarkTwainfavoritereturnswiththisTallStacksfestival.

“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure"hasallthegoodstuff,includingthefencepainting,thegraveyard,theislandandthe

cave.ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.That’sthelocalstagewritingteamthatcreatesmanyofthe

Children’sTheatreofCincinnati’soriginalmusicals,alongwiththeholidayfamilymusicalsatEnsembleTheatre.

21.Whowrotethemusicfor“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure”

A.DavidKisor.B.JoeMcDonough.C.NathanTurner.D.RobbieMcMath.

思维建模：题干关键词即可迅速定位原文，故采用先题后文法。

典例2.（2024·湖南衡阳·模拟预测）

WiththetallestmountainsintheUnitedKingdomandhometothelegendaryLochNess,theScottishHighlandshavegood

reasontomakesomeone’stravelbucketlist.

ThebestwaytoseetheScottishHighlandsisbytrain,whereyoucantakeintherollinghillsandmysticallochs(湖)fromthe

comfortofyourseat.HerearethemostpopularroutestoexploringtheScottishHighlandsbytrain:

LochNess:3hours,18minutesbytrain

ForthoseseekingoutthelegendaryLochNessmonster,Invernessistheclosesttrainstationtothefamousloch.Fromthestation,

travelerscantakeabusortaxitoFortAugustusandboardaboattourtotrytospotthecreature.AsScotland’ssecond-largest

loch,LochNessisagreatplacetofishorkayak.

FortWilliamandMallaig:over5hoursbytrain

Althoughalongtrainride,thetripfromEdinburghtoMallaig,acharmingfishingvillage,isworthit.Thisrouteofferssomeof

thebestsceneryintheworld.Travelerscanboardthe19th-century-inspiredJacobiteSteamTrainandwindpastcharming

villages,theMorarRiverandbeaches.

BenNevis:over5hoursbytrain

BenNevisisanancientvolcanothatexplodedandcollapsedonitselftobecomethetallestmountainintheBritishIsles.

TravelerscantakethetraintoFortWilliam,atownofferingcastles,andruggedcoastlinesalongtheWestHighlandsPeninsula.

Thetownisalsoknownasthe“OutdoorCapital"ofScotland,sothrill-seekerscangoskiingandhikingtotheirheart’sdesire.

1．WhatcantravelersdoatLochNess

A．Exploretheareaonfoot.

B．Discoverhiddenvillages.

C．Takeakayakingadventure.

D．Takeaguidedtourofcastles.

2．WhatmakestheroutetoMallaigspecial

A．Itallowsvisitorstohike.

B．Itsdurationisrelativelyshort.

C．Ithasamysteriouscreatureinthevillage.

D．Itofferssomeoftheworld’sbestscenery.

名师提醒：第一步：根据细节理解题的解题步骤迅速定位准确关键词如1.地点名词LochNess，2.Mallaig。第二步：定位

原文关键词处即可进行第三步对比细节。

变式训练（2024·浙江·模拟预测）

LonelyPlanet’stopplacestogoin2024

Getyourwishlistfiredup!LonelyPlanetjustrevealeditstoptraveldestinationsfortheyearahead.TheBestinTravel

2024listisexpandedacrossseveralcategories.

Topcountrydestination

TheNo.1countryisMongolia,chosenforitswide-openspaces,adventureactivities,anddistinctivemusicalculture.Thisis

theworld’smostsparsely(稀少地)populatedcountryandtheMongoliangovernmentisreadytostartfillingitupalittle.This

yearitdeclared2023through2025the“YearstoVisitMongolia”.

Topcitydestination

ThetopcityNairobi,theKenyancapital,isknownforitsuniquerhythms,locallyinspiredrestaurants,anditsartvenues.

TheNairobiNationalPark,justashortdriveoutofthecity’scentralbusinessdistrict,isaplacewhereyoucanseemorethan400

specieswanderingontheopengrassplainswhileskyscrapers(摩天大楼)twinkleontheskyline.

WhatcanpeopledoinNairobi

A．Trydifferentadventureactivities.B．VisitMichelin-starredrestaurants.

C．Watchanimalswalkingongrassplains.D．Appreciatedistinctivemusicalculture.

考点三

推理判断题

特点：推理判断题的正确选项往往不是文章直接或明确说明的内容，而是间接表达出来的。除了符合文章主旨外，还符

合逻辑，让考生有推敲的余地，但不可过度推理。

选项：推理判断题的干扰向具有很强的迷惑性。牢记其特征：以偏概全、偷梁换柱、张冠李戴、断章取义、曲解文意、

无中生有等。

典例1.（2024·浙江金华·二模）___Dearreaders,

“Persist."—VietThanhNguyen

“Successisnoaccident.”—ChrisBohjalian

“Keepwritingandit’llgeteasier."—LisaJewell

“Bepatientwithyourself.”—MinJinLee

Thesearewordsofadvicetakenfromourinterviewswithaward-winningandbestsellingauthors.Notice,though,nota

singlementionoftheirstatus,prizes,oradvances—inotherwords,theirsuccess.Andwhilestatus,literaryawards,andmoneycan

beindicatorsofasuccessfulwriter,onemustactuallysitdownandwriteforanyofthosethingstohappen.That’swhatallof

thesepiecesofadvicehaveincommon:puttingwordsonthepage.

Theadvicementionedatthebeginninghighlightstheimportanceof______.

A．abigdreamB．constantpracticeC．earningmoneyD．achievingsuccess

典例2.（2021年全国甲卷）

ATakeaview,theLandscape（风景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smost

respectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformto

showcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographers

fromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond

3.Wherecanthetextbefound

A.Inahistorybook.B.Inanovel.C.Inanartmagazine.D.Inabiography.

变式训练（2024·浙江·模拟预测）

Eastman’sstudentbodyincludesapproximately25%internationalstudents,whocomefrom30differentcountriesand

regionsincludingChina,S.Korea,HongKong,CanadaandfromEuropeandSouthAmerica.Internationalapplicantsare

consideredforadmissionandscholarshiponthesamebasisasU.S.citizens.

WhatmessagedoesEastmanmainlywanttoconveyintheopeningparagraph

A．Ithopestobeamoremulticulturalschool.

B．ItisparticularlyfriendlytoAsianstudents.

C．Itoffersscholarshiptointernationalstudentsgenerously.

D．Itholdsawelcomeattitudetowardinternationalstudents.

一、真题实战

1.（2024新课标I卷）

HABITATRESTORATIONTEAM

HelprestoreandprotectMarin’snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We’llexplorebeautifulparksites

whileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplay

avitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.

GROUPS

Groupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheListofAvailable

ProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.

AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING

Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.

BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapproval

sectionsigned.

We’llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.

Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.

Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(满足)communityservicerequirements.

UPCOMINGEVENTS

TimeMeetingLocation

Sunday,Jan.1510:00am-1:00pmBatteryAlexanderTrailhead

Sunday,Jan.2210:00am-2:30pmStinsonBeachParkingLot

Sunday,Jan.299:30am-2:30pmCoyoteRidgeTrailhead

21.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam

A.Todiscovermineralresources.B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.

C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem.D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.

22.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam

A.5.B.10.C.15.D.18.

23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo

A.Bringtheirowntools.B.Workeveninbadweather.

C.Wearateamuniform.D.Doatleastthreeprojects.

2.（2024新课标II卷）

ChoiceofWalksforBeginnerandExperiencedWalkers

TheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythe

challengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.

Walk1—TheNaturalWorld

WithenvironmentalistannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.Walkersaresuretolearn

lotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.

DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00

StartPoint:ScratoesBridge

WalkDuration:6hours

Walk2—IntroductiontoHillwalking

EmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountain

walkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.

DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00

StartPoint:DeerparkCarPark

WalkDuration:5hours

Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars

Walkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbe

enjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手电筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisessential

forwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.

DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30

StartPoint:TheTownHall

WalkDuration:3hours

Walk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest

ThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalong

yourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.

DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45

StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationArea

WalkDuration:1.5hours

21.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime

A.TheNaturalWorld.B.IntroductiontoHillwalking.

C.MoonlightUndertheStars.D.PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.

22.WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo

A.Wearproperclothes.B.Joinawalkingclub.

C.Getspecialpermits.D.Bringasurvivalguide.

23.Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon

A.Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing.B.Theyareforexperiencedwalkers.

C.Theysharethesamestartpoint.D.Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.

3.（2020新课标卷）

POETRYCHALLENGE

Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.

Prizes

3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.

Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeof

NationalGeographicWorld.

6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLinda

Finch.

50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemory

ofEarhart’sfinalflight.

Rules

Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.

■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.

■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.

■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.

■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.

21.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six.

22.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget

A.Aplaneticket.

B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.

C.AspecialT-shirt.

D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.

23.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification

A.Typingyourpoemout.

B.Writingapoemof120words.

C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper.

D.MailingyourentryonOctober30.

二、命题演练

1.（24-25高三·湖南·开学考试）

ASelectionofMuseumsandAttractionsinWashingtonDC

TheTidalBasin

Thebasin,partoftheWestPotomacPark,issurroundedbyapaththat’sperfectforwalking,runningorcycling.The

memorialstoThomasJeffersonandMartinLutherKingJunioraretwohighlightssurroundingthelake.Itisthelocationmost

associatedwithWashington’sCherryBlossom(樱花)Festivalthattakesplaceeachspring.

NationalMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistoryandCulture

Themuseumopenedinlate2016aftermorethanadecadeofplanning.ItisdedicatedtoAfricanAmericanhistoryand

cultureandisorganizedlikeaverticaltimeline,startingwiththeAtlanticslavetradeonthe1400sandmovinguptothe21st

century.HigherupareexhibitionsonAfricanAmericanmusic,theatreandart.It’sapowerfulexperienceandalsoverypopular:

you’llhavetoapplyforatimedtickettoenter.

TheNewseum

FurtheralongPennsylvaniaAvenueistheNewseum,lovedforthe800newspaperfrontpagesfromaroundtheworldthat

arehungoutsideeverymorning.Inside,therearemovingexhibitsshowinghowimportanthistoricaleventshavebeenreported,

suchastheSeptember11attacks.Alongsidenewspaperpagesfromthedayaftertheattacks,there’savideoexhibithighlighting

theworkofjournalistsreportingontheTwinTowersfalling.Amustifyou’reinterestedinjournalism.

NationalGalleryofArt

Theartgalleryisanimpressivespace:twobuildings,linkedunderground,andasculpturegardennextdoor.Insidethe

light-filedEastBuildingthere’smodernart,includingaroomfulofJacksonPollock’smurals(壁),AndyWarhol’sGreenMarilyn

andRoyLichtenstein’sLookMickey.

TheclassicalWestBuildingtendstohouseolderartwork:theEuropeanimpressonistsandItalianRenaissanceart(from

artistsincludingDaVinciandRaphael)aretwohighlights.

1．Whichofthefollowingrequiresreservingaticketinadvance

A．TheNewseum.

B．TheTidalBasin.

C．NationalGalleryofArt.

D．NationalMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistoryandCulture

2．WhatcanvisitorsdoattheNewseum

A．Learnaboutthestoriesaboutnews.

B．Learnhowtoreportimportantevents.

C．Talkwithjournalistsaboutthe9/11attacks.

D．Read800recentlypublishednewspapers.

3．WhyisGreenMarilynexhibitedintheEastBuilding

A．It’sapaintingofmodernart.

B．Itisapaintingoftraditionalart.

C．Itisapaintingbyafamousartist.

D．Itisapricelesspaintingofthegallery.

2.（2024·浙江金华·三模）GrantVillageandWestThumb

YellowstoneNationalParkoffersarangeofengagingactivitiesforfamilies,naturelovers,andwildlifeenthusiastsalike.

FromexploringtheGrantVillageandWestThumbregionstoparticipatingininteractiveprograms,visitorscanimmerse

themselvesinthepark’snaturalwondersandlearnaboutitsdiversewildlifeandgeologicalfeatures.

ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2).

Whetheryou’rehikingabackcountrytrail,camping,orjustenjoyingthepark’samazingwildlifefromtheroad,thisquick

workshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.

MeetonthebackporchoftheGrantVisitorCenter.

WestThumbGeyserBasinWalk(June9toSeptember2)

TakeaguidedwalkalongthebeautifulshoresofYellowstoneLakewhileexploringtheoriginsofglitteringgeysers,

belchingmudpots,andemeraldhotspringsinWestThumb’sdynamicgeyserbasin.MeetattheWestThumbVisitorInformation

Station.Round-tripdistanceis1/2mile.Easy.

JuniorRangerDiscoveryProgram(June16toSeptember2)

InvestigateanddiscoverthemanycuriositiesofYellowstoneduringthisinteractiveprogramgearedtowardskids4-13

yearsandup.MeetattheGrantVillagePavilion,locatedbehindthevisitorcenteralongtheedgeofthelake.

GrantVillageEveningProgram(June23toSeptember2).

LearnmoreaboutYellowstone’snaturalandculturalhistoryinthispresentationhighlightingoneofYellowstone’s

wonders.Inquirelocallyandonbulletinboardsforprogramdescriptions.MeetattheGrantVisitorCenterAmphitheater.Dress

warmlyandbringaflashlight.

4．WhichprogramissuitableforafamilytolearnaboutsafelywatchingwildlifeinYellowstone

A．ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.B．GrantVillageEveningProgram.

C．WestThumbGeyserBasinWalk.D．JuniorRangerDiscoveryProgram.

5．Whichprogramlastsfortheshortesttime

A．ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.B．GrantVillageEveningProgram.

C．WestThumbGeyserBasinWalk.D．JuniorRangerDiscoveryProgram.

6．Whatshouldyoudoifyouareinterestedintheoriginofgeysersandmudpots

A．attendtheGrantVillageEveningProgram.

B．jointheJuniorRangerDiscoveryProgram.

C．takeaguidedwalkalongYellowstoneLake.

D．meetattheGrantVisitorCenterAmphitheater.

3.（2024·浙江·模拟预测）AlreadyavolunteerLogin.

TheHuntington,acollections-basedresearchandeducationalinstitution,iscommittedtocreatingandmaintainingadiverse

andinclusiveenvironmentforvolunteers.

Benefits

Ourprogramoffersawiderangeofactivitiesforparticipantsasyoungas14,fromgardeningtoassistingguestswith

wayfinding,toengagingwithvisitorsaboutthecollectionsinHuntington.Weoffertraining,enrichment,andcommunity-building

opportunitiestoourvolunteersthroughouttheyear,inadditiontodiscounts,serviceawards,andanannualrecognitionevent.

*Joinadevotedcommunity—ages14to80+

*Discounts,earlyentrance,andinvitationstospecialevents

Requirements

Youdon’tneedanartdegree,greenthumb,orabackgroundinhistory.Adultvolunteersareaskedtocommittoaminimum

of8hoursofvolunteerservicepermonth.Someassignmentsallowforflexibleself-scheduling,whileothers,likegardening,ask

foraweekly3-hourshift.

Teenvolunteersareaskedtocommittoaweekly2-hourassignmentfora4-monthtermwiththepotentialtoparticipatein

additionalterms.

Applications

ApplicationopensfortwomonthseveryAugust,DecemberandApril.AdultscanapplyafterApril1,2024.Ourteen

programrunsyear-roundwithtermsbeginninginFebruary,June,andSeptember.

Aftersubmittingyourapplication,youwillbecontactedbyemailwithin4-6weeksanddirectedtosignuptoattendan

informationsessionorinterviewdependingonyourareasofexpressedinterest.

Volunteersareacceptedbasedontheirpotentialforpersonalgrowth,positiveimpact,andavailability.

Ifyouhavequestionsaboutyourapplication,oravailableassignments,pleasecontactthevolunteeroffice,

volunteer@orcall626-405-3429.

7．WhatcanavolunteerinHuntingtondo

A．Buildcommunityspirit.B．Organizerecognitionevents.

C．Introducethecollections.D．Designserviceawards.

8．Howlongdoesanadultvolunteerneedtoserveforafour-monthterm

A．8hours.B．12hours.

C．24hours.D．32hours.

9．WhoismorelikelytobeacceptedasavolunteerinHuntington

A．Akidwithwideinterests.B．Ateenagerwithbeneficialinfluence.

C．Anadultwithrichexperience.D．Anelderwithearlysubmission.第05讲

阅读理解应用文

目录

01考情透视·目标导航_____________________

1

02知识导图·思维引航_____________________

2

03考点突破·考法探究_____________________

2

考点一题型破解____________

_________2

知识点1文体特点____________

3

知识点2选材规律____________

3

知识点3高分技巧____________

3

考点二细节理解题____________

_________4

考点三推理判断题____________

_________6

04真题练习·命题洞现

1.真题实战____________

_________8

2.命题演练____________

_________12

近三年阅读理解应用文考点细目

年份卷别主题语境话题分类

新高考I卷人与自然保护生态栖息地恢复小组细节

新高考II卷人与自然参加卡洛秋季徒步节种方案

2024全国甲卷人与社会艺术节艺术展览和艺术制作活动

浙江卷1月人与社会音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》

北京卷人与社会语言交流项目的相关信息

新高考I卷人与社会自行车租赁和雇佣导游的细节

2023新高考II卷人与自然黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目

全国甲卷人与社会曼谷美食之旅的建议

全国乙卷人与社会四位从医人员的生平与事迹

浙江卷1月人与社会探险家营地的相关信息

北京卷人与社会成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求

新高考I卷人与社会文学概论课程评分办法

新高考II卷人与社会关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息

2022全国甲卷人与社会Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所

全国乙卷人与社会画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的展览

北京卷人与自我同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)

天津卷人与自我大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧

复习1.掌握应用文的文体特点及命题分布点。

目标2.掌握应用文解题的重要技巧。

3.熟悉应用文的易错原因并在训练中强化避免。

考点一

题型破解

知识点1

文体特点

应用文不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当。内容贴近日常生活，它

包括：广告、通知、便条、课程选择、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图

示、表格等。

命题分布：高考中应用文一般是A篇出现，题目数量稳定，通常3题，以细节理解题为主，推理判断题和文章出处及写

作目的题为辅。

难度分析：主要考察考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，

题目设置相对较容易。

知识点2

选材规律

选材特点信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活，用最少的篇幅表达最大量的信息。

内容特点生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。

形式特点标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章结构更鲜明。

语言特点人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。

知识点3

高分技巧

应用文类型阅读文章多以细节事实理解为主，答案的寻找可以根据问题中的关键字顺藤摸瓜，辅助以适当的推理判断。

一先题后文：

先读题目，明确考点。带着问题快速定位文中的关键信息。

二精度题干：

1.根据题干提供的信息，采用寻读、跳读的方法解答细节理解题。细节题题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性

转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、

跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。

2.解答推理判断时，要以阅读材料所提供的事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的常识。

3.在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部

分内容的概括。

三生词策略

遇到文中生词，如果不影响答题，直接跳过。如果涉及题目信息，则根据构词法，近义词、反义词、释义、同义替换

等方法结合上下文语境进行猜词。

四核对选项：

1.涉及文章出处和写作意图题时，要理解文章的主旨大意。一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开的,所以只有通过阅读

掌握该短文的主旨大意,才能正确理解短文,进而根据短文的事实、细节推断作者的观点和写作意图。通过寻找短文的

主题句，而主题句通常在段首(最常见)、段中、段尾，段道和段尾或隐含在段落中。解答主旨大意题时采用快速浏览

法,即可找到主题句或主题线索。

2.把一眼就能看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余选项依据原文辨别真伪。

知识点4

易错点拨

一忽视小标题。

一些同学忽略小标题，只关注文章的正文。其实各类标题更能帮我们把握整篇文章的大意，体现文体特点，有利于

帮助我们判断文章来源出处等。

二忽视首尾段。

应用文的首段和尾段常常涉及文章的写作意图题和文章大意题。有时首段和尾段涉及文字并不多，容易被考生忽略。

三阅读文章时逐字逐句，力争读懂每一句话。

根据应用文的文体特点和语言特点，解题时用查读法更有效。

四慢更准确。

如果阅读拖时间太长，后面写作时间不够，严重影响写作质量。

考点二

细节理解题

技巧一：划关键词：特殊疑问词、人名、地名、时间、数字等题干关键词。

技巧二：定位原文。迅速在原文找出相关句子或段落，一般不跨段。

技巧三：对比细节。原文复现、同义替换、信息整合比对选项。

典例1.（2024浙江1月卷）

TomSawyerPlayIsanAdventure

A35-minutehand-clapping,foot-stompingmusicalversionofaMarkTwainfavoritereturnswiththisTallStacksfestival.

“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure"hasallthegoodstuff,includingthefencepainting,thegraveyard,theislandandthe

cave.ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.That’sthelocalstagewritingteamthatcreatesmanyofthe

Children’sTheatreofCincinnati’soriginalmusicals,alongwiththeholidayfamilymusicalsatEnsembleTheatre.

21.Whowrotethemusicfor“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure”

A.DavidKisor.B.JoeMcDonough.C.NathanTurner.D.RobbieMcMath.

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.(本剧由乔·麦克多诺改编，

大卫·基索作曲。)"可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的。故选A项。

【答案】A

思维建模：题干关键词即可迅速定位原文，故采用先题后文法。

典例2.（2024·湖南衡阳·模拟预测）

WiththetallestmountainsintheUnitedKingdomandhometothelegendaryLochNess,theScottishHighlandshavegood

reasontomakesomeo