Unit 1 People of achievement 高考核心词汇拓展讲练学案-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版2019选择性必修第一册

Unit1Peopleofachievement高考核心词汇拓展讲练1.vital[ˈvaɪtl]adj.【paraphrase】absolutelynecessaryadj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的【formation】比较级morevital最高级mostvital【多元例句】1Artemisininhasbecomevital

partofthetreatmentforalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.---B4P2新教材2Anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(迁徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.---2021年新高考一卷C篇阅读3Understandinghistoryisvital

tounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.---2019年天津高考卷A篇阅读4It’svital

thatnewcompulsoryage-appropriaterelationshipandsexeducationlessonsinEnglandshouldhelpequipchildrentodealwiththegrowingdemandsofsocialmedia.---2018年江苏高考卷D篇阅读5Well,I'mgivingyouavital

organ.---《绝望的主妇》第七季6Itwasvital

itwentofftodayandI’mneververygoodatdelegating.---《唐顿庄园》第六季【短语互译】1.

对...至关重要_____________________________

2.

做某事是关键_____________________________

3.

...是至关重要的_____________________________

4.

playavitalrolein

_____________________________

5.

vitalpart_____________________________

6.

vitalfunction_____________________________

【句子翻译】

牢记安全规则是至关重要的。

我们帮助孩子树立正确的道德价值观是非常重要的。

毅力对于成功至关重要。key：【短语互译】1.

bevital

for/to对...至关重要2.

Itisvital

todosth做某事是关键3.

Itisvital

that...是至关重要的。4.

playavital

rolein在...中起着重要作用5.

vitalpart要害部分6.vital

function重要作用；生命机能【句子翻译】

1.牢记安全规则是至关重要的。

Itisvital

tokeepthesafetyrulesinmind.2.我们帮助孩子树立正确的道德价值观是非常重要的。Itisvitalthatwe(should)helpchildrensetcorrectmoralvalues.3.毅力对于成功至关重要。Perseranceisvitaltomit[kəˈmɪt]

vt.&vi【paraphrase】giveentirelytoaspecificperson,activity,orcausevt.承诺；保证vi忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）【formation】三单commits

过去式committed过去分词committed

现在分词committing派生词commitmentn.承诺；投入committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的【多元例句】1TuYouyou,acommitted

andpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.

---B4P2新教材2Committing

crimeonlineisnolongeratheoreticalpossibility.---译林版选修103Hequicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwascommittedtopractisingit.---2017年江苏卷完形填空4Thisrequirescommitmenttoaparticularoccupation,branchofstudyor

research.---2021年天津卷D篇阅读5Can’t.Notunlessyoucommittedacrime.---《绝望的主妇》第八季6AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthecommitment

Wilsonmadetopreventingthepreventable.---2020年天津卷完形填空【短语互译】1.

承诺/保证做某事______________________________

2.

犯罪/犯错误______________________________

3.

投入...于..______________________________.

4.

commitsuicide/murder______________________________

5.

makeacommitment______________________________

6.

becommittedto______________________________

【翻译句子】

他承认他犯了罪。

他仍然致力于为黑人争取平等权利的斗争。

他所犯的典型错误都已经被写了下来。key：【短语互译】1.

commit

oneselftodo/doingsth承诺/保证做某事2.

commit

acrime/mistake犯罪/犯错误3.

commit...to....投入...于...4.

commit

suicide/murder自杀/谋杀5.

makeacommitment做出承诺6.

becommittedto致力于；对...很坚定【翻译句子】1.

他承认他犯了罪。Headmittedthathehadcommitted

thecrime.2.

他仍然致力于为黑人争取平等权利的斗争。Heisstillcommittedtothestrugglefortheequalrightsoftheblack.3.

他所犯的典型错误都已经被写了下来。Thetypicalmistakesthathe

committed

havebeenwrittendown.3.evaluate[ɪˈvæljueɪt]

vt.【paraphrase】vt.placeavalueon;judagetheworthofsomething.vt.评价；评估【formation】三单evaluates

过去式evaluated过去分词evaluated现在分词evaluating派生词evaluationn.

评估；估算【多元例句】1Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated

280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.---B4P2新教材2Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluate

thefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.

---2021年全国新高考一卷D篇阅读3First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues

yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.---2021年天津卷任务型阅读理解4Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluate

ourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbycomprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.---2018年北京卷任务型阅读理解5Howdowegoaboutevaluating

thatargumentofAnderson?---哈佛大学公开课《公正该如何做好》6Butyouknow,thereisonethingthatIhaveyettoevaluate.---《老友记》第七季【短语互译】1.evaluate+how/whether..._________________

2.evaluateone'sability_________________

3.evaluatethedamage_________________

4.对...进行评估_________________

5.对医疗保健制度的评估_________________

6.评价一下成名的好坏_________________

【翻译句子】1.没有看到他的工作情况，我无法评估他的能力。____________________________________________________

2.不要以貌取人。____________________________________________________

3.我们需要对这一政策产生的效果做出评价。____________________________________________________

key：【短语互译】1.

evaluate

+how/whether...评估/评价...2.

evaluate

one'sability评估某人的能力3.

evaluate

thedamage估算损失4.

makeanevaluation

of...对...进行评估5.

anevaluationofthehealthcaresystem对医疗保健制度的评估6.

evaluate

theprosandconsofbeingfamous评价一下成名的好坏【翻译句子】1.没有看到他的工作情况，我无法评估他的能力。Ican'tevluate

hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork.2.不要以貌取人。Don'tevaluate

apersononthebasisofappearance.3.我们需要对这一政策产生的效果做出评价。Weneedtoevaluate

howwellthepolicyisworking.4.distinct[dɪˈstɪŋkt]adj.【paraphrase】adj.clearlydifferent;easilyorclearlyseen,heard,smelledadj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的【formation】

distinctlyadv.

distinctionn.差别；区分；显著

distinguishvt.区分；辨别；分清【多元例句】1Fortheirresearchtheydiscoveredandtested380distinct

ancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.---B4P2新教材2Butdistinctions

thatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻木的)tonewstimulation(刺激),newideas.---2021年天津卷D篇阅读3Researcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguish

betweenimages(图像)ofthesamepersonmakingeitherahappyoranangryface.---2021年浙江卷7月C篇阅读4Thegirlgaveoffanauraofdistinct

dottiness.---《哈利波特与凤凰社》5TheCanadianputinwithdistinct

scorn.Youcankeepthefreshwaterfish.---《海底两万里》6Itismydistinct

pleasuretowelcomeback,afterfourlongyears,ReverendMichaelGreen.---《绝望的主妇》第四季【短语互译】1.

adistinctopportunity______________________________

2.

make/drawadistinction______________________________

3.

thedistinctionbetweenAandB______________________________

4.

很明显...

______________________________

5.

在...方面与...不同______________________________

6.

两个不同的种类______________________________

【翻译句子】

很明显，我们应该把这两种情况区别开来。

这两张海报在风格上确实截然不同。

孩子很难明辨是非。key：【短语互译】1.

adistinct

opportunity一个难得的机会2.

make/drawadistinction区别开来；区别对待3.

thedistinction

betweenAandBA与B之间的差别4.

Itisdistinct

that...

很明显...5.

bedistinct

from...in...在...方面与...不同6.twodistinct

species两个不同的种类【句子翻译】1.

很明显，我们应该把这两种情况区别开来。Itisdistinct

thatweshouldmakeadistinctionbetweenthetwocases.2.

这两张海报在风格上确实截然不同。Thetwopostersaredistinctdefinitelyfromeachotherinstyle.3.

孩子很难明辨是非。Itisdifficultforachildtomakeadistinction

betweenrightandwrong/distinguishrightandwrong.5.obtain[əbˈteɪn]

vt.【paraphrase】togetsth;especiallybymakinganeffort(get)vt.（尤指通过努力）获得；赢得vi.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行【formation】三单obtains过去式obtained过去分词obtained现在分词obtaining【多元例句】1Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtained

fromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotworkeither.---B4P2新教材2Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸馏器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtain

drinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.---2017年全国一卷D篇阅读3Scientistshaveobtained

moreevidencethatplasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.---2019年高考江苏卷单项选择4Thisreallyexcitesscientists,＂CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,＂becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtain

informationabouthowthemoonisconstructed.＂---2020年高考全国一卷语法填空5Shefounditdifficulttoobtain

evenawordfromherbeyondamonosyllable.---《傲慢与偏见》6Loveisonlytobeobtained

bygivngloveinreturn.---美国原版语文第四册【短语互译】1.

获取知识______________________________

2.

从...中得到...______________________________

3.

找到工作

______________________________

4.

obtainascholarship______________________________

5.

obtainpermission______________________________

6.

obtainpromotion______________________________

【翻译句子】

我们从书本中获得知识。

此习俗在此地已流行多年。

这些国家公园得到了旅游公司的财力支持。key：【短语互译】1.obtain

knowledge获取知识2.obtain...from/outof/through从...中得到...3.obtainemployment找到工作4.obtain

ascholarship获得奖学金5.obtainpermission得到允许6.obtain

promotion升职【翻译句子】1.我们从书本中获得知识。Weobtained

knowledgethroughbooks.2.此习俗在此地已流行多年。Thiscustomhasobtained

hereformanyyears.3.这些国家公园得到了旅游公司的财力支持。Thesenationalparksobtained

financialsupportfromtouristcompanies.6.acknowledge[əkˈnɒlɪdʒ]

vt.【paraphrase】vt.accept(someone)tobewhatisclaimedoraccepthispowerandauthority

vt.承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);告知收悉【formation】三单acknowledges过去式acknowledged现在分词acknowledging过去分词acknowledged【多元例句】1However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledge

defeat.---B4P2新教材2Heryearsofhardworkhavefinallybeenacknowledged

afteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.---2019年高考全国卷二语法填空3Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywere

unacknowledged

andrejectedbyothers.---2021年高考全国甲卷

D篇阅读4Listening.Unexpectedpraise.

Acknowledge

and"Thankyou."---《“小王子”动画电影原声》5Wetriedtocomforthim,buthesaiditwarn'tmuchuse,hecouldn'tbemuchcomforted;saidifwewasamindtoacknowledge

him,thatwoulddohimmoregoodthanmostanythingelse；sowesaidwewould,ifhewouldtellushow.---AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn

6ButwhyshouldyouwishtopersuademethatIfeelmorethanIacknowledge.---《傲慢与偏见》【短语互译】1.承认做了某事______________________________

2.承认某事.

______________________________

3.认为是______________________________

4.Itisgenerally/widelyacknowlegedthat_________________________

5.acknowledgeone'sbelief/fault______________________________

【翻译句子】我没有承认他犯了什么错。她拒不承认改革的必要性。此习俗在此地已流行多年。普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。这些国家公园得到了旅游公司的财力支持。key：【短语互译】1.

acknowledgehavingdonesth.承认做了某事2.acknowledgesth.承认某事3.acknowledgetobe认为是4.Itisgenerally/widelyacknowlegedthat人们普遍认为5.acknowledge

one'sbelief/fault承认信仰/错误【翻译句子】1.我没有承认他犯了什么错。I

did

not

acknowledge

that

he

had

done

anything

wrong.

2.她拒不承认改革的必要性。此习俗在此地已流行多年。Sherefusestoacknowledge

theneedforreform.3.普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。这些国家公园得到了旅游公司的财力支持。Heiswidelyacknowledged

asthebestplayerintheworld.7.defeat[dɪˈfiːt]n.&vt.【paraphrase】

anunsuccessfulendingtoastruggleorcontest；winavictoryovern.失败;战败;挫败;击败;战胜

vt.击败;战胜;使困惑;难住;使失败;阻挠;挫败【formation】三单defeats复数defeats现在分词defeating过去式defeated过去分词defeated【多元例句】1However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.---B4P2新教材2Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.---2021年天津卷完形填空3OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smart–phonesdefeated

conventionalPCsinsales.---2017年江苏卷单项选择4Whatofhisfamousdefeat

ofGrindelwald?---《哈利波特与死亡圣器》5Youcouldn'teven

defeat

SisterMaryEunice.---《美国恐怖故事第二季》6Butman.isnotmadefordefeat.---《老人与海》【单句语法填空】1.

Buttomydisappiontmentwewere__________.(defeat)

---2018·天津卷完形填空2.

Shesufferedalotof__________(defeat)attheprevioustrackmeets.---2016·江苏卷阅读理解D3.

Inthenexttournament,theKangaroos___________(defeat)theEaglebyascore

of5:1.

---(译林版教材)4.

Heswore__________(defeat)Odin'splan.---(柯林斯词典)

5.

Churchillencouragedpeoplethatthiswasonlyatemporary__________(defeat).---(外研社版教材)【翻译句子】球队首轮失利，十分意外。这个世界冠军在20场拳击赛中只败过两场。在那场决定性战役中，我军击败了敌军。

key：【单句语法填空】1.defeated2.defeats3.defeated4.todefeat5.defeat【翻译句子】1.球队首轮失利，十分意外。

Theteamsufferedashockdefeat

inthefirstround.2.这个世界冠军在20场拳击赛中只败过两场。Theworldchampionhasonlyhadtwodefeats

in20fights.3.在那场决定性战役中，我军击败了敌军。Ourarmydefeated

theenemyinthatdecisivebattle.8.insist[ɪnˈsɪst]

vt.&vi.【paraphrase】vt.&vi.asserttobetrue;tosayfirmlythatsthistrue

vt.&vi.坚决要求;坚持;坚持说;固执己见【formation】三单insists现在分词insisting过去式

insisted过去分词insisted派生词insistencen.

坚持persistvt.坚持(同义词)【多元例句】例1：TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontesting

themedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.---P3课本原句例2：Youshouldrespecttheviewsofothers,andatthesametimeinsist

onwhatyouthinkisright.---2019·天津卷例3：Buthe

insists

onuseatinghealthyfood.---2020年全国卷三改错例4：Evenifherefuses,youmustinsist.---《千与千寻》

例5：Well,I’mgladthatheinsisted

ongoodbehavior.---《绝望的主妇》第八季

例6：Atoncetoinsist

uponhavingsuchareportuniversallycontradicted.---《傲慢与偏见》

【短语互译】1.坚决要求______________________________

2.坚持做某事.______________________________

3.坚持某人做某事______________________________

4.insistthatsb.(should)dosth.______________________________

5.insist后接的从句表示一种_____________或_____________时不用虚拟语气。(填空)6.Theoldmaninsistedthathe___________(be)and___________(send)tohospital.【翻译句子】他们坚持要求说明事情的整个来龙去脉。我并不想去，但他硬要我去。已是深夜，他们却依然在放音乐。key：【短语互译】1.insiston坚决要求2.insiston(doing)sth.坚持做某事3.insistonsb./one'sdoingsth.坚持某人做某事4.insistthatsb.(should)dosth.坚持某人做某事5.观点；事实6.was;(should)besent【翻译句子】1.他们坚持要求说明事情的整个来龙去脉。Theyinsisteduponbeinggiveneverydetailofthecase.2.我并不想去，但他硬要我去。Ididn'twanttogobutheinsisted.3.已是深夜，他们却依然在放音乐。Theyinsistonplayingtheirmusiclateatnight.9.conclusion[kənˈkluːʒn]n.

【paraphrase】n.somethingthatyoudecidewhenyouhavethoughtaboutalltheinformationconnectedwiththesituation

n.结论;推论;结束;结果;结尾;结局;签订;达成;缔结【formation】三单concludes现在分词concluding过去式concluded过去分词concluded复数conclusions【多元例句】1Whenyoucometoaconclusion,youdecidethatsomethingistrueafteryouhavethoughtaboutitcarefullyandhaveconsideredalltherelevantfacts.---P4课本原句2Doyoucometoanyconclusion?---P4课本原句3Allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusion.---(旧人教版课文原句)4Iwillbringmystoryquicklytoaconclusion.

---(北师大版)5Shereluctantlycametotheconclusion

thatBessiewasdrunk.

---(新概念英语)6In

conclusion,weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.---2021年全国卷一作文【短语互译】1.得出结论

______________________________

2.使某人得出结论.______________________________

3.最后______________________________

4.makeaconlusion______________________________

5.jumptoconclusions______________6.conclude…from…

7.concludewith

【翻译句子】从小孩的观点来看这是个合乎情理的结论。我断定他不适合做这项工作。这部书的结尾令人失望。key：【短语互译】1.arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出结论2.leadsb.toaconclusion使某人得出结论.3.inconlusion最后4..makeaconlusion下结论5.jumptoconclusions匆忙下结论6.conclude…from…从……得出结论……7.concludewith以……结束【翻译句子】1.从小孩的观点来看这是个合乎情理的结论。Itwasalogicalconclusionfromthechild'spointofview.2.我断定他不适合做这项工作。I'vecometotheconclusionthathe'snottherightpersonforthejob.3.这部书的结尾令人失望。Theconclusionofthebookwasdisappointing.10.circumstance[ˈsɜːkəmstəns]n.【paraphrase】

n.informationthatshouldbekeptinmindwhenmakingadecisionn.条件;环境;状况

vt.使处于某种特定的情况之下【formation】三单circumstances复数circumstances现在分词circumstancing过去式circumstanced过去分词circumstanced【多元例句】1Hercircumstances

arebeyondourcontrol.---P5课本原句2Recyclecans,bottles,plasticbagsandnewspapersifcircumstances

allowsyougo.---(旧人教版课本例句)3Undernocircumstances

shouldyoulendPaulanymoney.---(牛津字典)4It'sthebestresultthatcouldbeexpectedunthecircumstances.---(朗文字典)5Yourpersonal

circumstances

areequallyimportant.---2020年全国卷二七选五6Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.---2019年全国卷三七选五【短语互译】1.决不

______________________________

2.in/underthecircumstances______________________________

3.familycircumstances______________________________

4.personalcircumstances

______________________________

【翻译句子】在这种情况下，他们很可能会去她的店里买纪念品。任何情况下，我们都不会同意这样的原则的。因为一些不可控的原因，课程推迟了。key：【短语互译】1.in/undernocircumstances决不2.in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下3.familycircumstances家庭经济情况4.personalcircumstances个人经济状况【翻译句子】1.

在这种情况下，他们很可能会去她的店里买纪念品。Undersuchcircumstances,theyarelikelytobuysouvenirsinhershop.2.

任何情况下，我们都不会同意这样的原则的。Innocircumstancescanweagreetosuchaprinciple.3.

因为一些不可控的原因，课程推迟了。Duetocircumstances

beyondourcontrolthelecturewasputoff.11.consequence[ˈkɒnsɪkwəns]n.【paraphrase】

n.aresultofsththathashappened【formation】

复数：consequences【多元例句】1Asaconsequence,hehadtofleeGermany.

---B4p82Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.

---2019年高考全国一卷D篇阅读3Thisledtoanunexpectedconsequence,thoughshehadawonderfultimethere.

---2019年江苏卷完形填空4Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"

hasled

thosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业)withnegativeconsequences

fortheir

economies.---2019年江苏卷D篇阅读5Ortheconsequenceofhismistake.

---《绝望的主妇》第三季6I’mverybusywithmattersofconsequences.

---《小王子》【短语互译】1.

因此______________________________

2.

作为...的结果______________________________

3.

accept/taketheconsequence_____________________________

4.

face/suffertheconsequence______________________________

【翻译句子】

进入大学对我们而言非常重要。

在当今社会，很多人因为工作压力过大而患上精神疾病。

我愿意承担后果。key：【短语互译】1.asaconsequence因此2.asaconsequence

of作为...的结果3.accept/taketheconsequence

承担后果4.face/suffertheconsequence面对后果【翻译句子】1.进入大学对我们而言非常重要。Beingadmittedtoauniversityisofgreatconsequence.

2.在当今社会，很多人因为工作压力过大而患上