2024-2025学年度上海电力大学单招《英语》考前冲刺试卷附参考答案详解（巩固）

上海电力大学单招《英语》考前冲刺试卷考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、Therewasonceagroupofyoungpeoplesearchingeverywhereforhappiness,butwhattheygotwasonlyannoyance,griefandmisery.Sothey（1）Socrates(苏格拉底)foradviceonwherehappiness（2）.But（3）givinganyanswers,Socratesaskedthemtohelpwithbuildinga（4）first.Thegroupofguyshadto（5）thetask,layingasidetheirownbusinessofseekinghappiness.Ittookthemalongtimetocutdownatalltree,diggingoutthecenter.Throughpainstakingeffort,theymadeacanoeoutofthetree.Theylaunchedthecanoeintoariver,andthen（6）togetherinit,singingwith（7）.

Socratesasked,“Mychildren,doyouhavehappinessnow?”Theyansweredinchorus:“We8behappier!”Socrates（9）,“That'sit!（10）youaretoobusypursuingsomethingtonoticeanythingbitter,happinesswilloccur.”FromthestoryIgottoknowthathappiness（11）hidesbehindeverytinythingthatyouareinvolvedin,andthatyoumayonlygetpleasurethrough（12）workandcreativity.Wemayhaveto（13）paininourdailylifeandintheprocessof（14）happiness.Sometimeswetendtolookforhappinessin（15）things,likeanewcar,clothes,etc.Truelong-termhappiness,（16）,comesfromwithinour（17）andspirit.Sowhynotturnsufferinginto（18）life,andturntearsintothelightinyourheart?Onlyinthiswaycanwefindtruehappiness.Somydearfriends,justrememberhappinessisastateofmindandamatterof（19）,andI（20）youallalifeofhappiness

第3空填（）。A.insteadofB.apartfromC.otherthanD.regardlessof答案:A解析:在这个语境中，苏格拉底并没有直接回答年轻人关于幸福所在的问题，而是要求他们先去做另一件事情，即建造一个房子。因此，第3空需要填入一个表示“而不是”或“代替”的短语。选项A“insteadof”恰好符合这一要求，表示苏格拉底没有直接给出答案，而是要求他们去做另一件事。其他选项如“apartfrom”（除了）、“otherthan”（除了）和“regardlessof”（不管）均不符合语境。2、Steveusedtobequiet,butnowheis________.A.quieterB.morequicklyC.noisyD.outgoing答案:D解析:这道题考查对词汇和句子语境的理解。Steve过去安静，but表转折，意味着现在与过去不同。A选项“quieter”更安静，不符合转折；B选项“morequickly”更快，与性格无关；C选项“noisy”吵闹，侧重环境嘈杂；D选项“outgoing”外向，符合与过去安静性格相反的语境，所以选D。3、Nosoonerhadhecomebackhome（）thetelephonebegantoring.A.thanB.whenC.thenD.that答案:A解析:这道题考查固定句型“nosooner...than...”的用法。在英语语法中，“nosooner...than...”表示“一……就……”。根据这个句型结构，“Nosoonerhadhecomebackhome”后应接“than”。B选项“when”、C选项“then”、D选项“that”均不符合该句型要求，所以答案选A。4、Theywaited（）（）thebuscame.A.asB.untilC.whenD.by答案:B解析:这道题考查连词的用法。在英语中，“until”有“直到......为止”的意思。“Theywaited（until）thebuscame.”表示“他们一直等到公交车来”。“as”通常表示“当......时候”，“when”也是“当......时候”，“by”有“通过；被”等意思。综合语境，“until”最符合句子“等待直到公交车来”的逻辑。5、Difficult（）theproblemis,weshouldtrytoworkitout.A.howeverB.asC.althoughD.that答案:B解析:这道题考查状语从句的引导词。在英语语法中，as引导让步状语从句时，需将形容词、副词等置于句首。“Difficultastheproblemis”意思是“尽管这个问题很难”。A选项however后需接形容词或副词再加主语和谓语；C选项although不用于这种倒装结构；D选项that不用于引导让步状语从句。综上所述，答案选B。6、Foodismostimportantforlife.Withoutitmanwoulddieofhunger（1）theneedforfood,manalsohasneedforhousetoprotecthim（2）heatandcold,windandrain.Thefirstman'shomeswereverysimple.Thesizeandkindofhousesatthattimewerelimited（3）hisbuildingskillandalsobythethingsforhimtouse.Insomeplaces,man'shomewouldbe（4）morethanalargeholeinthesideofahill,withafireatthegatetogivehimlight,tocookfoodandtokeepdangerousanimalsaway.Butnowin（5）century,housebuildingworkhasbecomeanimportantindustry.Modernsciencemakesitpossibleformantobuildsomanylarge（6）forgovernmentoffices,shops,schools,hotels,hospitals,churches.…Asthepopulationoftheworldgrows（7）housesofmanykindsareneeded.Thehousewiththree（8）fortheaveragefamilywouldnotbe（9）foraveryrichfamily.Theaveragefamiliesalsowanttolivecomfortably.Sopeoplearetryingtheirbesttoimprovetheirhouses（10）itisexpensive,Differentkindsofmodernhousesarebeingdesignedandsomeofthemhavebeenbuiltupforrichfamiliestolivein,andalsosomeforaveragefamilies.

第(3)选（）A.byB.toC.inD.of答案:A解析:在此句中，“limited”表示“受……限制”，其后应接介词“by”来表示被什么所限制。根据句意，“当时房屋的大小和种类受到他的建筑技能和可供他使用的材料的限制”，因此选项A“by”是正确的。7、InAmericanschoolsthereissomethingcalledHomecomingDay.Manyhighschoolsandcollegeswithafootballteamhaveahomecominggame.Thiscanbethemostimportantthingoftheyearexceptthegraduationorcommencement(颁授学位典礼)day.StudentsplanHomecomingDayformanyweeksbeforetheday.

SeveraldaysbeforeHomecoming,studentsstarttodecoratetheschool.Therearesignstowishlucktotheteam,andmanyothersignstowelcomeallthestudents.ManypeoplestillcometoHomecomingtwentyorthirtyyearsaftertheyleaveschool.

Duringthedaypeopleliketolookforteachersthattheyrememberfromlongago.Oftentheyseeoldfriendsandtheytalktogetheraboutthosehappyyearsinschool.

Everyonesooncomestowatchthefootballgame.Whenthegameishalfover,thebandcomesontothefieldandplaysschoolsongs.AnotherimportantmomentiswhentheHomecomingQueenorKingappears.AllthestudentsvoteamostpopularstudenttheHomecomingQueenorKing.Itisagreathonortobechosen.

TheHomecomingDayisahappyday,butitisnotperfectunlessthefootballteamwinsthegame.Eveniftheteamloses,thestudentsstillenjoyHomecomingSomestayattheschooltodance,andothersgotoaparty.Foreveryoneitisadayworthremembering.

WhocanprobablybecometheHomecomingQueenorKing?A.The

student

who

is

liked

most

by

the

others.B.The

guest

who

is

the

most

popular

with

the

students.C.The

student

who

is

liked

most

by

the

teachers.D.The

player

who

plays

best

in

the

football

game.答案:A解析:HomecomingQueen或King是通过所有学生的投票选出的最受欢迎的学生。这一荣誉是基于学生之间的受欢迎程度，而非教师或来宾的喜好，也非单纯基于足球比赛的表现。因此，最有可能成为HomecomingQueen或King的是被其他人最喜欢的学生。8、Thisismycat.Canyoulookitafter________forme?A.wellB.goodC.niceD.right答案:A解析:这道题考查固定短语“lookafter”的用法。“lookafter”意为“照顾”，其后接副词修饰。A选项“well”是副词，可修饰动词；B选项“good”是形容词；C选项“nice”是形容词；D选项“right”作形容词或副词时，意思不符合。所以要选A选项“well”，表示“好好照顾”。9、InBritainyou'reallowedtodriveacarwhenyou'reseventeen.Youhavetogetaspecialtwo-yeardrivinglicensebeforeyoucanstart.Whenyouarelearning,someonewithafulllicensealwayshastobeinthecarwithyoubecauseyouarenotallowedtodrivethecarontheroadalone.Youdon'thavetogotoadrivingschool-afriendcanteachyou.Thepersonwithyouisn'tallowedtotakemoneyforthelessonunlesshe'sgotateacher'slicense.

Beforeyou'reallowedtohaveafulllicense,youhavetotakeadrivingtest.Youcantakeatestinyourowncar,butithastobefitfortheroad.Inthetestyouhavetodriveroundforaboutanhourandthenanswerafewquestions.Ifyoudon'tpassthetest,you'reallowedtotakeitagainafewweekslaterifyouwantto.In1970awomanpassedherfortiethtestafter212drivinglessons!Whenyou'vepassedyourtest,youdon'thavetotakeitagain,andyou'reallowedtogoondrivingaslongasyoulike,ifyouarehealthy.Britain'soldestdriverwasamanwhodrovein1974attheageof100.Before1904everyonewasallowedtodrive,evenchildren.Thenfrom1904cardrivershadtohavealicense.Buttheydidn'thavetotakeatestuntil1935.Intheearlydaysofcardriving,before1878,carsweren'tallowedtogofasterthanfourmilesanhourandsomeonehadtoleadthecarwitharedflag.

Inthedriving

test,one

__.A.must

drive

his

own,and

it

must

be

fit

for

the

roadB.is

usually

asked

to

drive

on

roads

for

some

timeC.has

to

do

nothing

but

answer

a

few

questionsD.must

drive

around

for

more

than

an

hour答案:B解析:在驾驶测试中，考生需要驾驶车辆并在路上行驶一段时间，这是为了评估考生的驾驶技能和对交通规则的理解。之后，考生还需要回答一些问题，这些问题通常与驾驶理论和交通规则相关。虽然测试中考生可以驾驶自己的车，但车辆必须适合上路。根据原文，“Inthetestyouhavetodriveroundforaboutanhourandthenanswerafewquestions”，说明考生需要驾驶一段时间，并非什么都不做只回答问题，也不是必须驾驶超过一个小时。因此，正确答案是B，即在驾驶测试中，考生通常被要求在路上驾驶一段时间。10、Thefirstlesson________at7∶00a.m.Andmyfather________metoschoolafterbreakfast．A.isstarting;willdriveB.starts;drivesC.starts;isdrivingD.isstarting;isdriving答案:B解析:这道题考查一般现在时的用法。一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。第一空，课程开始是有规律的日常动作，用starts。第二空，“我父亲送我上学”也是经常发生的动作，用drives。A选项isstarting是现在进行时，C、D选项中isdriving也是现在进行时，均不符合此题语境。所以答案选B。11、AlbertEinsteinwasfromaJewishfamily.HewasborninGermany.Whenhewas（1）,helikedtoaskquestions.Bythetimehewasfourteenyearsold,he（2）advancedmathematics（3）byhimself.（4）thenhehaddecidedtobecomeaphysicistand（5）himself（6）abstract(抽象)research.Hisfamilywasnotrich,buthisparentsmanaged（7）himtoatechnicalschooland（8）totheFederalInstituteofTechnologyinSwitzerland.Aftergraduation,hebegantoteach.Later,heworkedinagovernmentoffice.Then（9）themoneyhesaved,hecontinuedhisstudiesattheUniversityofZurich.In1905hegota（10）degree.Itwasatthattime（11）hebegantheresearchandstudieswhichled（12）hisfamousTheoryofRelativity.Formostpeople,histheorywas（13）difficulttounderstand.Manyscientistslaughed（14）itand（15）wouldacceptit.ButEinsteinstucktoitandwentonwithhisresearch.

第(11)选（）A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where答案:A解析:在这个句子中，“Itwasatthattime”后面需要接一个引导表语从句的连接词。选项A“that”在此处作为连接词，引导表语从句，表示“正是那个时候”，符合句子结构和语境。而选项B“when”通常用于引导时间状语从句；选项C“which”通常用于引导定语从句；选项D“where”通常用于引导地点状语从句。因此，正确答案是A。12、Mr.Smithalwayshas（）totellus.A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodnewsC.somegoodpieceofnewsD.somepieceofgoodnews答案:B解析:这道题考查“pieceofnews”的正确用法。在英语中，“news”是不可数名词，“piece”表示“条、则”，“some”后“piece”要用复数“pieces”。“good”修饰“news”，应放在“pieceof”之前。所以答案是B，“somepiecesofgoodnews”，表示“一些好消息”。13、—I'msorrytointerruptyouandMax!—（）,We'rehavingafreetalk.A.NevermindB.ThatwouldbeniceC.IhopenotD.Goahead答案:A解析:这道题考查日常交际用语的理解。在英语交流中，“Nevermind”常用于回应他人的歉意，表示“没关系”。题目中一方表示抱歉打断，另一方回应“没关系”，A选项符合语境。B选项“那会很好”，C选项“我希望不是”，D选项“去吧，做吧”均不符合此时的情境。所以应选A选项。14、Themostimportantholidayinspring,especiallyforChristians,isEaster.ThisChristianholi-dayisnotonthesamedateeveryyear,butit'salwaysonaSunday.ItcanbeanySundaybetweenMarch22andApril25.ManypeoplecelebrateEasterbybuyingnewclothes.Childrencelebratebyhuntingforcoloredeggsthattheirparentshavehiddenaroundthehouse.PeoplealsogiveEasterbasketsfilledwithcandyandothergoodiestooneanothertocelebratetheday.Buttheholidayismorethannewclothesandgoodthingstoeat.OnEaster,manypeoplegotochurchtocelcbrateJesus'resurrection(复活)fromthedead.MostpeoplecolorEastereggs.Somepcoplehidethem.Othersjusteatthem.ButnomatterwhatonedoeswithEastereggs,theyareanimportantEastertraditionthroughoutthewesternworld.PeoplefrommanydifferentculturescelebrateEaster.InbothAmericaandBelgium,childrenlookforEastereggshiddenonlawnsandinbushes.InAmerica,childrenbelievetheeggsarehiddenbytheEasterbunny(兔子),ButinBelgium,thehiddeneggsaresupposedtohavefallenfromchurchbells.InBulgaria(保加利亚),redEastereggsareluckyinchurches.BulgarianfamiliesalsohittheseEastereggstogethertoseewhoseisthestrongest.Thewinnerlooksforwardtogoodfortunethatyear.StilldozensofotherEastertraditionsexist.InpartsofAustria,forexample,childrensingfromdoortodoorandarerewardedwithcolorfuleggs.

InsomeplacesofAustria,childrensingfromdoortodoorfor()A.EasterbunnyB.blessesC.candyandgoodieD.Eastereggs答案:D解析:在文中提到，在奥地利的部分地区，孩子们会挨家挨户唱歌，并因此获得奖励。这些奖励正是彩色的复活节鸡蛋。这一习俗反映了复活节在不同地域文化中的独特表现形式，孩子们通过歌唱来庆祝节日，并以此获得象征新生与希望的彩蛋作为回馈。这种活动不仅增添了节日的欢乐氛围，也传承了复活节的传统意义。15、Dangerous

Driving

Mr.Hart,aLondontaxi-driver,hasanewblacktaxi.Withhistaxihehurriesthroughthebusystreetseveryday.

Onedaywhenhewaswaitingathisstand,ayoungmanjumpedintohistaxi.

“Tothestationasfastasyoucan,”shoutedthemaninaveryunfriendlyway.“Mytrainleavesatthreeo'clock.”

Mr.Hartdidhisbest,buttherewasalotoftraffic.Ateverycornertherewasaredlight.Then,atacrossing,apolicemanslowlyliftedhisarmtoletthepeoplecrosstheroad,“Hurryup,man!Idon'twanttomissmytrain,”saidtheyoungmannervously,

“AndIdon'twanttohaveanaccident.”repliedMr.Hartquietly.

Whilehewasdriving,Mr.Hartlookedintherearviewmirrorandsuddenlyrecognizedtheman'sface,Hewasathief!Thepolicewerelookingforhim.Hispicturewasinthenewspapers.

Mr.Hartracedthroughthestreets,drovethroughredlights,anddideverythingtoattractattention.Mr.Hartwasdrivingdangerously.Soontherewasapolicecarbehindhim.Mr.Hartracedonuntilhereachedthestation.Hestoppedinfrontofthestationattwominutestothree,andtheyoungmanquicklyjumpedoutofthetaxi.

“Stop!Thefare!”criedMr.Hart.

Atthatmomentthepolicecarstoppedtoo.

“Quick!Heisthethief!”shoutedMr.Hart.

Twopolicemenrushedintothestation.Threeminuteslatertheyreturnedwiththeyoung

man.

“Welldone!”ApolicemansaidtoMr.Hartastheyweretakingthethief

to

thepolice

car.

“Heisadangerousthief.”

WhydidtheyoungmanshouttoMr.Hart?A.He

wanted

to

rob

Mr.

Hart.B.He

got

used

to

be

busying

all

the

time.C.He

was

busying

escaping.D.He

was

an

impolite

man

himself.答案:C解析:在故事中，年轻男子因为急着赶火车而显得非常紧张和不友好，他不断催促哈特先生快速驾驶以赶上三点钟的火车。哈特先生后来认出这名男子是一名被警方通缉的小偷。因此，年轻男子之所以大声喊叫，是因为他急需逃离现场，避免被警方抓获，而不是因为他想抢劫哈特先生或因为他本身就是一个不礼貌的人。哈特先生的危险驾驶实际上是为了确保男子能准时到达车站并引起警方的注意。16、“What'swrong（）you?”Thedoctorasked.A.fromB.withC.forD.in答案:B解析:这道题考查固定搭配。在英语中，“What'swrongwith...”是常见的固定句式，表示“......怎么了”。A选项“from”通常表示来源；C选项“for”多表示目的、对象等；D选项“in”用于表示在......里面等。根据固定搭配，“What'swrong（with）you?”是正确的表达，所以答案选B。17、TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonhas（）excitingnewproject.（）projectisaboutmakingsimpleshapeswithstones.A.the;AB.an;TheC.a;TheD.an;A答案:B解析:这道题考查冠词的用法。不定冠词an用于元音音素开头的单词前，exciting是元音音素开头，所以用an。定冠词the用于特指，第二空后的project是前文提到的，属于特指，要用the。综合来看，答案选B。先根据单词发音确定不定冠词，再依据上下文判断定冠词，从而得出正确答案。18、Mattjumpedintobed.Hisfathercameinand(1)besidehim.“Whatkindof(2)didyouhave,Matt?”heasked.“Itwasabaddayforme,”Matt(3).“IhadafightwithHed.The(4)sentanotehomeaboutme.AndItalkedbacktoMother.”??“Yes,partofthedaywasbad,”Mr.Goldsaid.“Butthereweregoodpartstoo.Nowit'stimetogoto(5).Sotellmeaboutthe(6)thing.”Mattsmiled.“AfterschoolIwentfishing,”hesaid.“Noonewantedtogowithme.SoIhadtogo(7)Ididn'tthinkIwouldhaveanyfun.ButIdid.I(8)abigfish!”“Iamgladyouhadagoodtime,”Mr.Goldsaid,“Thinkaboutituntilyougotosleep.NowIamgoingto(9)offthelight.Happydreams!”“Goodnight,Dad.”Mattsaid.??Everynight,Mr.GoldandMatthavealittletalk(10)this.EverynightMattgoestosleepthinkingaboutthebestthing.

第(2)选（）A.dayB.yearC.hourD.week答案:A解析:根据对话内容，父亲问Matt：“Whatkindofdaydidyouhave,Matt?”，这里的“day”指的是一天的经历。后文Matt回答：“Itwasabaddayforme”，进一步确认了这里指的是一天的情况。因此，正确答案是A，即“day”。19、Beijingisreallyawonderfulcityandwe’vedecidedtostayfor______week.A.anyB.otherC.anotherD.some答案:C解析:这道题考查不定代词的用法。“another”有“再一，又一”的意思。在题中，“stayforanotherweek”表示“再待一周”。“any”常用于否定句和疑问句；“other”后常接名词复数；“some”表示“一些”，不符合题意。综合来看，“another”最符合句子语境，所以选C。20、Remember（）mesomeappleswhenyougotothesupermarket,Mary.A.buyingB.boughtC.buyD.tobuy答案:D解析:这道题考查remember这个词的用法。Remembertodo表示记得去做某事（未做），Rememberdoing表示记得做过某事（已做）。在本题中，去超市买苹果这件事还未做，所以要用Remembertobuy，答案选D。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）离开房间时，记得把灯关掉。(turn/shutoff)答案:Remembertoturnoffthelight(s)whenyouleavetheroom．2、Ilikegoingtoschool_____mybike.A.inB.onC.byD.at答案:B解析:在英语中，表示“骑自行车”的固定短语为“onmybike”，其中介词“on”用于描述骑在自行车上的状态。因此，在句子“Ilikegoingtoschool_____mybike”中，应选用介词“on”，表示“我喜欢骑自行车上学”。3、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。HeA(kept)B(smoke)allthetimeC(when)themeetingwasD(goingon)．答案:B，smoking4、[未知题型(5)]将下列直接引语改为间接引语。Theteacheraskedher,“HaveyouseentheJapanesefilm?”答案:Theteacheraskedherif/whethershehadseentheJapanesefilm．5、[未知题型(5)]Chinahasabout（）(13亿人口)．答案:apopulationof1．3billionpeople6、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。WeareA(considered)B(making)atripC(to)LondonD(nextweek)．答案:A，considering7、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）

Hedidn'tleaveanythingandwentout．Hewentout（）（）（）．答案:withoutleavinganything8、[未知题型(5)]Thankyoufor（）(buy)meawatch．答案:buying9、Tonywon'tbefreefromJune26thtoAugust15th,hemayprobablysee_____A.Sm