2024-2025学年度河南水利与环境职业学院单招《英语》试卷附完整答案详解（典优）

河南水利与环境职业学院单招《英语》试卷考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、Twogirlsappliedforthepostbutneither（）successful.A.wasB.wereC.areD.hadbeen答案:A解析:这道题考查主谓一致。neither表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。句子是一般过去时，描述过去发生的事，所以用was。B选项were是复数形式，C选项are是一般现在时，D选项hadbeen是过去完成时，均不符合句子时态和主语的单复数要求，所以选A。2、MostscientistsagreetheGreatSphinxofGiza(吉萨狮身人面像)wasbuiltaround2,500B.C.ButJohnAnthonyWestsaysthatit'smucholder.Ifhe'sright,“Everythinganybodyhaslearnedaboutancientcivilizationswouldhavetobecompletelyrevised.”hetoldamagazine.West,awriterandfilm-maker,firstgotinterestedinancienthistoryafterstudyingtheworkofaFrenchresearcher.TheresearchersaidEgyptiancivilizationcouldhavedevelopedasearlyas30,000yearsago,ratherthan4,500yearsago,asmostexpertsbelieve.Westjoinedascientisttodoresearchtogether.TheirresearchsuggestedthattheSphinxhadbeenworndown(磨损)overtheyearsbywater,ratherthanbysandandwind.Waitaminute?Water?Howcouldthatbe?TheSphinxisintheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeendryfor12,000years!However,beforethattime,itwasverygreen.Ifit'struethatwaterworedowntheSphinx,Westthinksthatitmusthavebeenbuitcenturiesearlier.WhetherWestisrightorwrong,it'simportanttochallengeacceptedideas.That'showscienceprogresses,Westgavesomeadviceforkids:Ifyouareinterestedinatopic,readeverythingyoucanonit.Doyourownresearch.Don'talwaysbelieveeverythingyourteacherstellyou.Asklotsofques-tions,andfindyourownanswers.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“revised”inParagraphlmean?A.Connected.B.Created.C.Changed.D.Controlled.答案:C解析:在文中，JohnAnthonyWest提出了一个与大多数科学家不同的观点，他认为吉萨狮身人面像比公认的建造时间（公元前2500年）要古老得多。如果他的观点是正确的，那么关于古代文明的所有已有认知都将需要被“revised”。根据上下文理解，“revised”在这里意味着“改变”，因为如果狮身人面像的实际年代更早，那么基于当前认知的古代文明时间线、历史事件以及相关的考古解释等都将需要调整或修正。因此，选项C“Changed”最符合文意。3、I'vestarteddrivingagain.Idrivealongaroad（1）12yearsagonearmyhome.AsIdrovetonight,I（2）KellyKellywasa（3）whenitwasconstructed.Sheandherbrotherwere（4）byherfatherafterhermotherpassedaway.Byherown（5）,shewasa（6）child,climbingoutofwindows,stayingoutdrinkingetc.Shestartedtosettleincollege.TheyearafterItaughther,a（7）thinghappened.ItwasaboutthistimeofyearandKelly'sdadwasabouttoturntothenewroad.Sincehewasnot（8）withit,hehadadeadlyaccident.Thelecturerssenthera（9）card.IwrotethatIwouldhelpherwithoneofthe6（10）shestillhadtocomplete.Iknewitwouldbedif-ficultforKellybutI（11）tohelpheranyway.AtthattimeIhadjust（12）mymarriageandwaslivinginrentedaccommodationalone.Thingswere（13）butIcommittedmyselftohelpingKelly.IbroughthertomyhomeandI（14）herthefullunit.Igothertocompletealltheassignmentsatmyhome（15）shecouldstayfocused.Kellymade（16）intheunitItaughther,whichfundamentallyhelpedraiseheroverallgrades.Kelly'slecturerwasso（17）withthisthatshegotKellyto（18）totherestoftheclass!AtlastKellycompletedhercourse.Iwassogladshedidn't.（19）.AfewyearsagoImetKelly.Shewaspushingapram(婴儿车),herbabysleepingsoundly.It'stheleastshe（20）.

第9空填（）。A.giftB.gameC.comfortD.birthday答案:C解析:根据文章内容，Kelly的父亲在交通事故中去世，讲师们给她寄了一张慰问卡以表达关心和安慰。因此，第9空应填入“comfort”，意为慰问。选项A“gift”意为礼物，B“game”意为游戏，D“birthday”意为生日，均不符合上下文的情境和逻辑。4、ChinesescientistsareagainbecomingexcitedaboutthefactthatalargehairyanimalmayliveincentralChina.Nowtheyhopeitwon'tbetoolongbeforetheyareableto（1）itsexistence.Theirconfidenceisthe（2）ofanewdiscoveryofthemysteryanimalinHubeiProvince.TenChinese（3）,enjoyingaholidayinaNationalForestPark,weredrivingdownaroad.Astheirbusturnedacorner,themenweresuddenly（4）bywhattheysaw.Three（5）animals,coveredwithlongdarkhair,werecrossingtheroad.Onseeingtheanimals,theengineersimmediatelystoppedand（6）them.（7）,whentheysawhowtheanimalsmovedthroughtheforestwithgreat（8）andstrength,theydidnotdaretofollowanyfurther.Themendidnottakeany（9）.However,scientistsare（10）bythediscovery,becausetheengineerswereallveryeducatedpeopleandscientistsfeeltheycan（11）whattheydescribed.Afterthediscovery,scientistsreturnedtotheforestand（12）somehairandmeasuredfootprints,about20inchesappearstobethelengthoftheanimal'sfoot'sChinesescientistshavenowsetupaspecialgrouptoexchangeinformationandmakea（13）fortheforest.Butinthemeantime,somepeople（14）tobelievethatthishalf-man,half-monkeyexists.Theywillnotbelievethatitis（15）untiloneoftheanimalshasbeencaught.

第(8)选（）A.difficultyB.speedC.careD.pleasure答案:B解析:根据文章描述，工程师们看到的动物在穿越森林时表现出快速而有力的移动。选项B中的“speed”（速度）与文中描述的动物移动方式相符，强调了它们在森林中迅速穿行的能力，这使得工程师们不敢继续追踪。其他选项如“difficulty”（困难）、“care”（小心）和“pleasure”（愉快）均未能准确反映文中动物的动态特征。因此，选项B是正确的。5、Asthenumberofparticipantshasincreasedfrom60to98,wewonderifwecanuseLectureHall'A'as'B'willbetoosmall.————————————————————————。A.Fewerpeoplewillattendthemeeting.B.LectureHallBhasbeenoccupied.C.ThemeetingwillbeheldinLectureHallD.hasbeenoccupie答案:C解析:这道题考查对语境的理解。参与者从60增加到98人，B厅太小，所以会在A厅举行会议。A选项说参会人数减少，与原文不符；B选项说B厅被占用，原文未提及；C选项符合人数增多需更换更大场地的逻辑。综上所述，答案选C。6、—Ihearyourunforhalfanhouratschooleverymorning.

—Right,wehaveto.Itisoneofthe______inourclass.A.messagesB.rulesC.problemsD.persons答案:B解析:这道题考查对单词含义的理解。“messages”是消息，“rules”是规则，“problems”是问题，“persons”是人。在学校每天早上跑半小时，这应是班级的“规则”之一。根据语境，A选项消息、C选项问题、D选项人都不符合，所以答案选B。7、Americanswithsmallfamiliesownasmallcaroralargeone.Ifbothparentsareworking,theyusuallyhavetwocars.Whenthefamilyislarge,oneofthecarsissoldandtheywillbuyavan.

Asmallcarcanholdfourpersonsandalargecarcanholdsixpersonsbutitisverycrowded.Avanholdsevenpersonseasily,soafamilywiththreechildrencouldasktheirgrandparentstogoonaholidaytravel.Theycouldalltraveltogether.

Mr.Hagenandhiswifehadathirdchildlastyear.Thismadethemsellasecondcarandbuyavan.Thesixthandseventhseatsareusedtoputotherthings,forafamilyoffivemustcarrymanysuitcaseswhentheytravel.Whentheyarriveattheirgrandparents'home,thesuitcasesarebroughtintothetwoseats,thenitcancarrythegrandparents.

Americanscallvanmotorhomes.Amotorhomeisalwaysusedforholidays.Whenafamilyaretravelingtothemountainsortotheseaside,theycanliveintheirmotorhomeforafewdaysorweeks.Allthemembersofabigfamilycanenjoyahappierlifewhentheyaretravelingtogether.Thatiswhymotorhomeshavebecomeverypopular.InAmericatherearemanyparksformotorhomes.

Motorhomeshavebecomepopularbecause_.A.they

can

take

people

to

another

city

when

people

are

freeB.they

can

let

families

have

a

happier

life

when

they

go

out

for

their

holidaysC.some

people

think

motor

homes

are

cheapD.big

families

can

put

more

things

in

motor

homes.答案:B解析:房车在美国受欢迎的主要原因在于它能为家庭旅行带来更多的便利和快乐。当家庭成员一起出行时，房车可以提供足够的空间，不仅容纳所有人，还能存放行李和其他物品。这使得大家庭能够在旅途中享受更高的舒适度和亲密性，从而提升整体的旅行体验。此外，房车通常用于假期旅行，允许家庭在旅途中生活几天或几周，进一步增强了家庭成员之间的互动和乐趣。这种生活方式的选择使得房车成为许多美国家庭的首选。8、Sincethebeginningoftime,manhasbeeninterestedinthemoon.TheRomansdesignedaspecialdaytoshowadmirationandrespecttothemoon.Theycalledit“Moonday”,or“Monday”,asweknowittoday.Later,thegreatmindofLeonardodaVincistudiedthemoonanddesignedamachinetocarryahumantothemoon.Leonardosaidthatonedayagreatmachinebirdwouldtakeapersontothemoonandbringgreathonourtothehomewhereitwasborn.

Fourandahalfcenturieslater,Leonardo'sideawasrealized.ApolloⅡtookthreeAmericans-Collins，Aldrin，andArmstrongtothemoon.Themission(任务)didfillthewholeworldwithgreatsurprise,asLeonardohadsaiditwould.Numerousessays,articles,andbookswerewrittenaboutman'sfirstmoonmission,Butperhapsthemostinterestingstorywasonewrittenbeforetheevent—over100yearsbefore.

In1865,FrenchauthorJulesVernewroteastoryaboutthefirstjourneytothemoon.Hisstorywasverysimilartothe1969ApolloIImission.

Verne'sspacecraftalsocontainedthreemen,twoAmericansandaFrenchman.ThespacecraftwasdescribedasbeingalmostthesamesizeasApolloⅡ.Thelaunch(发射)siteinVerne'sstorywasalsoinFlorida.ThespacecraftinVerne'sstorywasnamedthe“Columbial”.TheAplloIIcommandshipwascalled“Columbia”.HisaccountofsendingthespacecraftintothespacecouldeasilyhavebeenwrittenabouthowApolloⅡwassentintothespace.

Verne'sstorywasthesameastheactualeventinseveralotheraspects.ThespeedofVerne'sspacecraftwas36000feetpersecond.Apollo'swas35533feetpersecond.Verne'sspacecrafttook97hourstoreachthemoon.Apollo'stimewas103hours.LikeApollo'sspacemen,Vern'sspacementookpicturesofthemoon'ssurface,relaxedontheirseats,cookedwithgas,andexperiencedweightlessness.TheytoocamedowninthePacificandwerepickedupbyanAmericanwarship.

WhatwerethereasonsforJulesVerne'sextremeaccuracyindescribinganevent100yearsormorebeforeitactuallyoccurred?Hebasedhiswritingsonthelawsofphysicsandastronomy.Nineteenth-centuryscienceandthevividVerne'simaginationgavepeopleanunbelievablyaccuratepreviewofoneofthegreatesteventofthe20thcentury.

Thepassagemainlydescribes_

.A.the

rapid

progress

of

mankindB.Verne's

accurate

preview

of

the

future.C.the

1969

ApolloⅡmoon

missionD.the19thcentury's

science

and

technology答案:B解析:文章主要围绕法国作家儒勒·凡尔纳在19世纪对月球旅行的预言展开。详细描述了其作品与1969年阿波罗11号任务的诸多相似之处，如飞船名称、大小、发射地点、速度、飞行时间、宇航员活动等。这种准确性得益于他对物理和天文学的研究以及丰富的想象力。文章重点强调的是凡尔纳对未来月球旅行的准确预言，而非人类进步、阿波罗任务本身或19世纪科技。9、TomandPeteraretalkingabouttheirvisittothenaturalreserve(自然保护区),Tom:(1)Peter:At8:30.Tom:Doyouknowhowtogetthere?Peter:(2)Itwilltakeusabouttwohourstogettherebybus.Tom:(3)Peter:It'sanareathatprotectslotsofdifferentanimals.Tom:(4)Peter:I'mnotreallysure.IknowtherearedifferentkindsofbirdsthereandI'mgoingtotakemycamerawithme.Tom:(5)Whatclothesareyougoingtowear?Peter:Well,ifit'swet,I'llwearmysportsshoesandtakemyraincoatwithme.Tom:SowillI.

第（4）空填（）A.Whatkindofanimalswillweseethere?B.Yes,I'vegotamap.C.No,wedon't.D.Whatdoyouknowaboutthereserve?答案:A解析:在第（4）空中，Tom询问的内容应围绕自然保护区的动物展开。根据对话，Peter提到保护区保护许多不同动物，但不确定具体看到什么，只知道有不同种类的鸟。所以Tom问“Whatkindofanimalswillweseethere?”（我们会在那里看到什么种类的动物？）符合语境，能承接上文Peter关于动物的表述，也能引出Peter后续不确定具体动物种类但知道有鸟的说法。10、We（）rubbishintheparktokeepitclean.A.pickupB.getupC.pickoutD.lookout答案:A解析:这道题考查动词短语的词义辨析。“pickup”有“捡起”之意；“getup”是“起床”；“pickout”指“挑选”；“lookout”表示“小心”。在公园保持清洁需要“捡起”垃圾，所以答案是A选项“pickup”。11、Iwanttoseeafriend.Couldyouplease__________mybabyfortwohours?A.lookforB.lookafterC.lookatD.lookup答案:B解析:这道题考查对“look”相关短语的理解和运用。“lookfor”意为寻找；“lookafter”表示照顾；“lookat”是看；“lookup”指查阅。题中说要去看朋友，请求帮忙照顾孩子两小时，“lookafter”符合语境，所以选B。12、—John,who’s_____manoverthere?

—He’smyuncle,________Englishteacher.A.the;theB.a;theC.the;anD.a;an答案:C解析:这道题考查定冠词和不定冠词的用法。“overthere”表明特指那边的那个人，要用定冠词“the”。“Englishteacher”前用不定冠词，“English”以元音音素开头，所以用“an”。综合来看，答案选C。13、—（）excitingsoccergamewewatchedlastweek!—Yeah!Iplantoplaysoccerthisafternoon.A.WhataB.WhatanC.HowanD.How答案:B解析:这道题考查感叹句的用法。感叹句有两种形式：What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！和How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！句中“excitingsoccergame”是名词短语，且exciting以元音音素开头，要用Whatan。所以答案是B。14、Peopleareworriedaboutthe（）ofthe7-year-oldboywhohasbeenmissingfortwodays.A.saveB.safeC.safelyD.safety答案:D解析:这道题考查名词的用法。“the+名词”表示“……的……”。A选项“save”是动词，意为“拯救”；B选项“safe”是形容词，意为“安全的”；C选项“safely”是副词，意为“安全地”。而“safety”是名词，意为“安全”，符合“the+名词”的结构。人们担心失踪两天的7岁男孩的“安全”，所以选D。15、Everyone______seehimbutthey______seehimalive.A.issurprisedto；arepleasedtoB.aresurprisedto；arepleasetoC.issurprisedfor；arepleasedwithD.issurprisedto；arepleasedwith答案:A解析:这道题考查固定搭配。“besurprisedtodosth.”表示“对做某事感到惊讶”，“bepleasedtodosth.”表示“高兴做某事”。Everyone作主语，谓语用单数，所以排除B选项。C选项“besurprisedfor”和“bepleasedwith”搭配错误。A选项符合固定搭配和语法，所以选A。16、Thehouseinwhichtheyliveis（）thantheoldonetheylivedin.A.afewbiggerB.slightlybiggerC.abitofbiggerD.slightlybig答案:B解析:这道题考查形容词比较级的用法。在英语中，“bigger”是“big”的比较级形式。“afew”修饰可数名词复数，不能修饰比较级；“abitof”后接名词，不能接比较级；“slightly”可修饰比较级，表示“稍微，略微”。所以综合来看，“slightlybigger”符合语法和语义，答案选B。17、Theyarewalkinghomeafter________corn.A.topickB.pickingC.pickD.picks答案:B解析:这道题考查“after”这个词的用法。“after”作介词时，其后接动词要用动名词形式。在英语语法中，“pick”的动名词形式是“picking”。A选项“topick”是动词不定式；C选项“pick”是动词原形；D选项“picks”是第三人称单数形式。所以这道题应该选B。18、Confuciuswasagreat（）His（）arespreadallovertheworld.A.think;thoughtB.thoughts;thinkerC.thinker;thinkD.thinker;thoughts答案:D解析:这道题考查单词含义及用法。Confucius是一位伟大的“思想家”，“思想家”用thinker，所以先排除A、C选项。“想法、思想”用thought，且这里要用复数thoughts，B选项不符合。His后接名词，thoughts符合，所以答案选D。19、We（）ourselvesatthepartyyesterday.A.doenjoyB.doenjoyedC.didenjoyD.didenjoyed答案:C解析:这道题考查一般过去时的用法。在一般过去时中，助动词did后要用动词原形。A选项doenjoy是一般现在时；B选项doenjoyed形式错误；D选项didenjoyed形式也错误。C选项didenjoy符合一般过去时的结构，强调“我们昨天在聚会上确实玩得开心”。20、Do

you

know

how

to

study

better

and

make

your

study

more

effective?

We

all（1）thatChinesestudentsusuallystudyhardforlonghours.Thisisverygood,butitdoesn't（2）alot,foraneffectivestudentmusthaveenoughsleep,enoughfoodandenoughrestandenough（3）Everydayyouneedtogooutforawalkor（4）somefriendsofsomeniceplaces.It'sgoodfor（5）.Whenyou（6）toyourstudies，yourmindwillberefreshed(清醒)andyou'lllearn（7）andstudybetter.HeretakesEnglishlearning（8）anexample.Firstyoumakealotofprogressandyoufeel（9）.Thenyourlanguagestudyseemstostay（10）andyoumaygiveup.Thiscan（11）fordaysorevenweeks,yetyouneedn'tgiveup.Atsomepointyourlanguagestudywill（12）takeanotherbigjump.Everythingwillbe（13）foryou.Ifyougetenoughsleep,food,restandexercise,studyingEnglishcanbeveryeffectiveand（14）Don'tgiveupalongtheway.Learnslowlyandyou're（15）togetgoodresults.

第(15)选（）A.luckyB.sureC.decidedD.pleased答案:B解析:在此语境中，“Learnslowlyandyou're_____togetgoodresults”表达的是通过学习，必然或确定会获得好结果的意思。选项B“sure”恰好表示“确定、必然”的含义，与句意相符。其他选项如“lucky”表示幸运，“decided”表示决定，“pleased”表示高兴，均不符合此语境。因此，正确答案为B。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）记住，一到那里就给家里写信。(assoonas)答案:Remembertowritehomeassoonasyougetthere．2、[未知题型(5)]Ihavenothing（）(say)atthemeeting．答案:tosay3、[未知题型(5)]Thenecklacewhichshelost（）(make)ofglass．答案:is/wasmade4、[未知题型(5)]句子改写，将两个简单句合并成一个含不定式且意思基本相同的简单句。Thesebooksareveryheavy．Theboycan'tliftthem．答案:Thesebooksaretooheavyfortheboytolift．5、Mr.Hope,thecleaneratourschool,walkswithalimp(跛脚).Watchinghimwalkslowlyaroundourschool,Ioftenwonderedwhyhelimped.

OnedayIsawtwoboyslaughingatMr.Hope.Theheadmasterwasvery_____(11)_____.Hetookallofustohisofficeandshowedusapictureofayoungmanstandingbyalong,thinboat.“ThisisMr.Hopewhenhewas_____(12)_____,”saidtheheadmaster.

Inthe1968Olympics,Mr.Hopehadracedtothefinalround.Hisonlyrealcompetitorwasanotherracer,Jack.Therace_____(13)_____.Otherboatsweresoonfar_____(14)_____Mr.HopeandJack.Mr.HopeandJackwereracingneckandnecktowardthefinishingline.

Theracewasgoingwellwhen_____(15)_____,Mr.Hopeheardahugesound.HelookedaroundandsawthatJack'sboatwas_____(16)_____inthewaterfast.Jackwasunabletomove.Hewasin_____(17)_____

Theotherboatswerealongway