2026年英语语法与写作技巧提高模拟卷

2026年英语语法与写作技巧提高模拟卷Section1 ErrorIdentification&CorrectionDirections: EachsentencebelowcontainsexactlyONEgrammaticalorstylisticlapse.(1)Identifytheerroneouswordorphrase;(2)rewritethewholesentencecorrectly;(3)giveaone-sentenceexplanation.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.1.ThecommitteehavedecidedthateachoftheapplicantsarerequiredtosubmittheirupdatedCVbynextFriday.2.Neitherthemanagernortheemployeeswasawareaboutthenewpolicy,whichhadbeencirculatedthreeweeksearlier.3.Thedataclearlyevidencesthatthealgorithmperformsbetterthanitscompetitorsinhigh-dimensionalspaces.4.Shespokesopersuasivethateventheskepticsintheaudienceweregraduallywonover.5.Havingfinishedtheexperiment,themicewerereturnedtotheircagesandthetemperaturewaslowered.6.Thereportrecommendstoincreasethesamplingfrequencysoastoavoidaliasingerrors.7.JustbetweenyouandI,themergerisunlikelytobeapprovedbeforethesecondquarter.8.Themorecarefullyyouplan,thelesserunexpectedcostsyouwillincurduringtherefurbishment.9.TheCEO,togetherwiththeboardofdirectors,arescheduledtomeetthepressat10a.m.tomorrow.10.IfIwouldhaveknownaboutthedelay,Icouldreschedulemyflightwithoutpayingthepenalty.Section2 SentenceTransformationRewriteeachsentenceasinstructed.DoNOTchangethemeaning.11.“Whydon’twerunamultivariateregressionfirst?”askedDrLee.Turnintoareportedsuggestionbeginningwith“DrLeesuggested…”12.Theinternscompletedtheauditintwoweeksalthoughtheyhadnopriorexperience.Beginwith“Inspiteof…”13.Thelaboratorywillnotreleasethefindingsunlessthereviewpanelendorsesthem.Use“ontheconditionthat”andkeepthefuturetense.14.Thisprotocolistooconvolutedforfirst-yearstudentstofollow.Rewriteusing“so…that…”15.Someonemusthavetamperedwiththecalibrationlogs.Turnintoapassiveconstructionbeginningwith“Thecalibrationlogs…”16.Theconferencewascancelledbecausefewerthanthirtydelegateshadregistered.Replacethereasonclausewithan–ingparticipleclause.17.Thenewfirmwarenotonlypatchesthesecurityflawbutalsohalvestheboottime.Beginwith“Besidespatching…”18.Thereviewersobjectedtothepaperbecausethecitationswereoutdated.Rewritewithapresentparticipleclausethatretainscausalforce.19.Werarelyencountersuchmeticulousmethodologyinundergraduatesubmissions.Beginwith“Seldom…”andusesubject–auxiliaryinversion.20.Theboardunanimouslyagreedtotheproposal;however,theyinsistedonquarterlyupdates.Replacethesemicolon+conjunctiveadverbwithasingleconcessiveconjunction.Section3 ClozeGrammar&LexisFilleachblankwithONEwordonly.Thenotionthatlanguagemerelymirrorsrealityhaslongbeen(21)……………bycognitivelinguists,whoarguethatlanguage(22)……………shapesthewaywecategoriseexperience.AcompellingillustrationisthegrammaticalmarkingofevidentialityincertainAmazonianlanguages,(23)……………speakersmustspecifythesourceofinformationeverytimetheyutteradeclarativeclause.Farfrombeinganexoticcuriosity,thisconstraintappearsto(24)……………speakers’memoryforfacts:experimentsshowthatTarianachildrenasyoungassixoutperformtheirPortuguese-speakingpeers(25)……………tasksrequiringtherecallofinformationalsource.SuchfindingscorroboratetheweakerversionoftheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,(26)……………positsthathabituallinguisticpatternsbiasratherthandeterminethought.Conversely,whenEnglish-speakingadultslearntoencodeevidentialityartificiallyinalaboratorysetting,theirperformanceonsource-memorytasksimprovesmarkedly,andtheeffect(27)……………forseveralweeksafterthetrainingends.Importantly,thebenefitisstrongestamongparticipants(28)……………internalisetheevidentialmarkersmostrapidly,suggestingthatgrammaticalencodingmustbecomerelativelyautomaticbeforecognitiveconsequencesemerge.Theseresultsmilitate(29)……………theviewthatgrammarisasuperficialoverlayonpre-existingthought;instead,theyintimatethatmorphosyntacticroutinescanrecalibratementalhabits.Nevertheless,criticscautionagainstextrapolatingfromcontrolledlaboratorysettingstoreal-worldcognition,(30)……………myriadsocialandcontextualvariablesinteractinwaysthataredifficulttomodel.Section4 DiscourseCohesion&CoherenceThefollowingextractisgrammaticallysoundbutstylisticallyflawed:sentencesaredisjointedandcohesivedevicesaresparse.Rewriteitintoaunifiedparagraphofabout120words.Useappropriatelinkingadverbials,substitutionandellipsis,butdoNOTaddnewfactualinformation.Original:Thenewpolymerdegradesinseawaterwithinsixmonths.Thepolymerdoesnotreleasemicro-plastics.Micro-plasticsareamajorconcernformarinebiologists.Thepolymerissynthesisedfromcornstarch.Cornstarchisarenewablefeedstock.Theproductioncostis8%higherthanconventionalPET.Thecostdifferentialisexpectedtonarrow.Feedstockpricesarevolatile.Petrochemicalpricesarevolatiletoo.Scalingupproductionwillreduceunitcost.Regulatoryincentivescouldaccelerateadoption.Section5 AcademicRegisterShiftRephrasetheinformalparagraphbelowinformalacademicstyle(≈100words).Avoidcontractions,colloquialismsandfirst-personpronouns.Informal:We’veruntonsofsimulationsanditlookslikethevaccinestaysstableforagesifyoukeepitat4°C.Butwhenwecrankedupthehumiditytotropicallevels,thepotencydroppedwayfaster—like,byhalfinsixweeks.Thiskindasuggeststhatthecurrentcold-chainsetupmightnotcutitinrealhumidplaces.Section6 DataCommentaryStudythetableandwritea150-wordcommentarythat(i)highlightsthemaintrend,(ii)offersaplausibleexplanation,(iii)mentionsalimitation.Table:Meanretrievallatency(ms)forthreecacheconfigurationsunderincreasingload.Load(req/s)ConfigAConfigBConfigC5000121110100001513112000028181340000713516Section7 ConciseWritingReducethesentencetoroughlyhalfitslengthwithoutalteringtechnicalmeaning.Original:Intheeventthatparticipantsexhibitanyindicationsofdiscomfortoranysignsthatcouldbeinterpretedasadversereactions,thetrialadministratorwillberequiredtobringaboutanimmediatecessationoftheadministrationofthecompound.Section8 ParallelStructure&EmphasisRewritethesentencesothatalllistedelementsarestrictlyparallelandtheclimacticitemreceivesend-weightemphasis.Original:Theplatformintegratespredictiveanalytics,itvisualisesreal-timestreams,andanomalydetectionisperformedbyit.Section9 NominalisationControlReplaceunnecessarynominalisationswithstrongverbs;aimfor≤22words.Original:Theutilisationofmachine-learningmethodologiesenablesthefacilitationofearlierdetectionoffraudulenttransactions.Section10 Punctuation&AmbiguityInsertpunctuationtoremoveambiguityintwodistinctways;givetwoseparatesentences.Phrase:Thescientistsaidtheconsultantwasarrogantinitiallypuzzledeveryone.Section11 ConditionalNuancesWritethreesentencesthatexpress(i)aremotehypotheticalpast,(ii)atentativefuturerecommendation,(iii)auniversaltruth.Allmustbeginwith“Ifthethreshold…”.Section12 InversionforFocusProducetwosentencesbeginningwithnegativeorlimitingadverbialsthattriggerinversion.Usetheverb“yield”.Section13 LexicalPrecisionReplacethevagueword“thing”ineachsentencewithaprecisenoun.41.Themostinnovativethinginthe2026firmwareisitsself-healingroutine.42.Onethingtorememberisthatlatencyspikeswhenthequeuedepthexceeds128.43.Thecriticalthingduringpeerreviewistransparencyinmethodologicalreporting.Section14 Citation&TenseChoosetheappropriateverbtenseinbracketsandjustifyinonesentence.44.Leeetal.(2025)[find/found]thatgraphenenanoribbons[exhibit/exhibited]ballistictransportatroomtemperature.Section15 Proof-readingforConsistencyTheextractbelowcontainsONEinconsistencyinterminology,ONEinspellingconventionandONEindateformat.Identifyandcorrecteach.Extract:TheUKcentreauthorisedthe3D-printedstenton14-06-2026,whereastheUScenterapprovedthesamedeviceon06/14/26afterarandomizedtrial.Section16 RhetoricalQuestion→StatementConverttherhetoricalquestionintoaneutraldeclarativesentencewithoutevaluativelanguage.Original:Whointheirrightmindwouldignoresuchcompellingmeta-analyticevidence?Section17 Summarising&ParaphrasingReadthe60-wordsourceparagraphandproducea25-wordsummarythatretainsthecausallink.Source:Becauseurbannoisemasksthelower-frequencycomponentsofbirdsong,greattitsinRotterdamhaveshiftedtheirsongminimumfrequencyupwardsby16%overfivedecades.Thisacousticadaptationimprovessignaltransmissionbutincreasesenergeticexpenditure,whichmayexplaintheobserveddeclineinaverageclutchsize.Section18 Numbers&UnitsRewriteaccordingtoSIconventions.Original:Thelaserdeliverspoint-fivemega-joulesina3.2μspulse.Section19 AvoidingDoubleNegativesRecastthesentenceusingasinglenegativeorapositiveform.Original:Notinfrequently,theproxyfailstoconvergewhentheinitialguessisnotclosetotheglobaloptimum.Section20 Tone&HedgingSoftentheover-strongclaimwhileretainingcoremeaning.Original:Thisresultunequivocallyprovesthatdarkmatteriscomposedofsterileneutrinos.––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––AnswerKey&Micro-analysisSection11.have→has;are→is;their→hisorher.Corrected:ThecommitteehasdecidedthateachoftheapplicantsisrequiredtosubmithisorherupdatedCVbynextFriday.Explanation:“Committee”isacollectivenountreatedassingularhere;“each”issingular.2.was→were;awareabout→awareof.Corrected:Neitherthemanagernortheemployeeswereawareofthenewpolicy,whichhadbeencirculatedthreeweeksearlier.Explanation:Proximityruleapplieswith“nor”;“aware”collocateswith“of”.3.evidences→shows/demonstrates.Corrected:Thedataclearlyshowthatthealgorithmperformsbetterthanitscompetitorsinhigh-dimensionalspaces.Explanation:“Evidence”isanuncountablenoun;theverbshouldbe“show”.4.persuasive→persuasively.Corrected:Shespokesopersuasivelythateventheskepticsintheaudienceweregraduallywonover.Explanation:Adverbrequiredtomodifytheverb“spoke”.5.Danglingparticiple:insertlogicalsubject.Corrected:Aftertheresearchershadfinishedtheexperiment,themicewerereturnedtotheircagesandthetemperaturewaslowered.6.recommendstoincrease→recommendsincreasing.Corrected:Thereportrecommendsincreasingthesamplingfrequencysoastoavoidaliasingerrors.Explanation:“Recommend”isfollowedbyagerund.7.I→me.Corrected:Justbetweenyouandme,themergerisunlikelytobeapprovedbeforethesecondquarter.Explanation:Preposition“between”takesobjectpronoun.8.lesser→fewer/less.Corrected:Themorecarefullyyouplan,thefewerunexpectedcostsyouwillincurduringtherefurbishment.Explanation:“Costs”iscountable;hence“fewer”.9.are→is.Corrected:TheCEO,togetherwiththeboardofdirectors,isscheduledtomeetthepressat10a.m.tomorrow.Explanation:Parentheticalphrasedoesnotaffectsingularsubject.10.wouldhave→had;couldreschedule→couldhaverescheduled.Corrected:IfIhadknownaboutthedelay,Icouldhaverescheduledmyflightwithoutpayingthepenalty.Explanation:Thirdconditionalrequirespastperfectintheif-clause.Section2(sampleanswers)11.DrLeesuggestedrunningamultivariateregressionfirst.12.Inspiteofhavingnopriorexperience,theinternscompletedtheauditintwoweeks.13.Thelaboratorywillreleasethefindingsontheconditionthatthereviewpanelendorsesthem.14.Thisprotocolissoconvolutedthatfirst-yearstudentscannotfollowit.15.Thecalibrationlogswereclearlytamperedwith.16.Withfewerthanthirtydelegateshavingregistered,theconferencewascancelled.17.Besidespatchingthesecurityflaw,thenewfirmwarehalvestheboottime.18.Thereviewers,objectingtothepaperbecauseofoutdatedcitations,rejectedit.19.Seldomdoweencountersuchmeticulousmethodologyinundergraduatesubmissions.20.Theboardunanimouslyagreedtotheproposal,yettheyinsistedonquarterlyupdates.Section321.challenged22.actively23.where24.enhance25.on26.which27.persists28.who29.against30.whereSection4(modelanswer)Thenewpolymer,synthesisedfromrenewablecorn-starchfeedstock,degradesinseawaterwithinsixmonthswithoutreleasingmicro-plastics—amajorconcernformarinebiologists.Althoughitsproductioncostiscurrently8%higherthanthatofconventionalPET,thedifferentialisexpectedtonarrowasfeedstockandpetrochemicalpricesremainvolatileandunitcostsfallwithscaled-upproduction.Regulatoryincentivescouldfurtheraccelerateadoption.Section5(modelanswer)Extensivesimulationsindicatethatthevaccineretainspotencyforextendedperiodsat4°C;however,elevatedtropicalhumidityacceleratesdegradation,reducingpotencyby50%withinsixweeks.Thesefindingssuggestthatexistingcold-chainprotocolsmaybeinadequateinhigh-humidityregions.Section6(modelanswer)WhereasConfigA’slatencyrisesexponentiallybeyond20000req/s,ConfigCremainsnear-linear,reachingonly16msat40000req/s.Thissuperiorscalabilitylikelyreflectsitslock-freehashtabledesign,whichminimisescontentionunderload.Alimitationisthatthebenchmarkusedsynthetickeyswithperfectuniformity;real-worldskewmightfavourConfigB’sadaptivecachingpolicy.Section7Ifparticipantsshowdiscomfortoradversereactions,theadministratormuststoptheinfusionimmediately.Section8Theplatformintegratespredictiveanalytics,visualisesreal-timestreamsand,mostimpor