Unit 3 Starting out and understanding ideas 同步练习-2022-2023学年高中英语外研版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit3startingoutandunderstandingideas一、单词拼写1.Weworryabouttheenvironment,recyclingourrubbishandbuyingo_________food.2.Holdingadiamondringandab_________ofroses,hegotupthenervetoproposetohisgirlfriendonValentine'sDay,andsheaccepted.3.Myfatherisapurchaseratadepartmentstoreandmymotherisa_________(）atthesamestore.4.Thelongerpeoplehavebeenunemployed,theharderitisforthemto_________(inthelabourmarket.5.Whenshereturned,shefoundherhusbandhadrearrangedallher_________(）.二、翻译题6.正如大家所知，"中国速度"正在改变世人对中国as引导定语从句）_________________________,"Chinaspeed"ischangingtheworld'sattitudetowardsChina.7.退休前，他每天早上都会赶早班公交车去工作。(would)Beforehisretirementhe_________________________everymorning.8.那个男孩在森林里迷路了三天，又累又饿。（形容词作状语）Theboywaslostintheforestforthreedays,_________________________.9.她更喜欢和我们一起去而不愿独自留下。①She______________________behindalone. (prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.)②She______________________behindalone. (preferdoingsth.todoingsth.)③She______________________behindalone. (wouldratherdosth.thandosth.)④She______________________behindalone. (woulddosth.ratherthandosth.)三、阅读理解

Ownershipusedtobeaboutasstraightforwardaswritingacheque.Ifyouboughtsomething,youownedit.Ifitbroke,youfixedit.Ifyounolongerwantedit,yousolditorthrewitaway.Inthedigitalage,however,ownershiphasbecomemoreslippery.Sincethecomingofsmartphones,consumershavebeenforcedtoacceptthattheydonotcontrolthesoftwareintheirdevices;theyareonlylicensedtouseit.Asadigitalchainiswrappedevermoretightlyaroundmoredevices,suchascarsandthermostats,whoownsandwhocontrolstheseobjectsisbecomingaproblem.Buyersshouldbeawarethatsomeoftheirmostbasicpropertyrightsareunderthreat.

Thetrendisnotalwaysharmful.Manufacturersseekingtorestrictwhatownersdowithincreasinglycomplextechnologyhavegoodreasonstoprotecttheircopyright,andensurethattheirmachinesdonotbreakdown,supportenvironmentalstandardsandpreventhacking.Sometimescompaniesusetheircontroloveraproduct'ssoftwarefortheowners,benefit.WhenHurricaneIrmahitFloridathismonth,Teslaremotelyupdatedthesoftwarecontrollingthebatteriesofsomemodelstogiveownersmorerangetoescapethestorm.

Butthemoredigitalstringsareattachedtogoods,themorethebalanceofcontrolleanstowardsproducersandawayfromowners.Thatcanbeinconvenient.Pickingacarishardenough,butharderstillifyouhavetodiguptheinstructionsthattellyouhowuseislimitedandwhatdatayoumustgive.Iftheproductsareintentionallydesignednottolastlong,itcanalsobeexpensive.Already,itemsfromsmartphonestowashingmachineshavebecome

extremelyhardtofix,meaningthattheyarethrownawayinsteadofbeingrepaired.

Privacyisalsoatrisk.UsersbecometerrifiedwheniRobot,aroboticvacuumcleaner,notonlycleansthefloorbutalsocreatesadigitalmapoftheinsideofahomethatcanthenbesoldtoadvertisers(thoughthemanufacturersaysithasnointentionofdoingso).Caseslikethisshouldremindpeoplehowjealouslytheyoughttoprotecttheirpropertyrightsandcontrolwhousesthedatathatiscollected.

Ownershipisnotabouttogoaway,butitsmeaningischanging.Thisrequirescarefulinspection.Devices,byandlarge,aresoldonthebasisthattheyenablepeopletodowhattheywant.Totheextenttheyarecontrolledbysomebodyelse,thatfreedomiscompromised.1.Whatbenefitdoesitbringtocustomersifcompaniescontroltheownershipofproducts?

A.Itprovidesthemwithknowledgetopreventhacking.

B.Itgivesthemthechancetobeprotectedfromdanger.

C.Itenablesthemtoownthecopyrightoftheproducts.

D.Ithelpsthemknowmoreaboutcomplextechnology.

2.Theunderlinedwords"thatfreedom"inthelastparagraphrefertothefreedomto________.

A.controlotherpeople B.sharetheownership

C.inspectdevicesatanytime D.usedevicesasone'swishes

3.Theauthormayagree________.

A.customersshouldbuyfewerdigitaldevices B.producersshouldcontrolpropertyrights

C.propertyrightsneedtobeprotected D.betterafter-salesserviceisrequired四、七选五

Iworkatacommunitylibrary.ManypeopleareundertheassumptionthatpubliclibrariesarenolongerneededbecauseoftheInternet,butnothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.①__________

AsimpleInternetsearchfor"cats"producesapproximately2.98billionresultsinlessthanonesecond.Itisahugenumber!Howdoyouevenbegintosortthroughallofthoseresults?Wehearsomuch

about"falsenews".

②__________Librariansaretheretohelp.Theyhavebeentrained,throughspecialclassesandworkshops,tosortthroughalloftheresultsandfindcrediblesources.AuthorNeilGaimansaid,"Googlecanbringyouback100,000answers.Alibrariancanbringyoubacktherightone."

③__________Ithelpsconnectpeoplewiththeresourcestheyneedtofindajob,continuetheireducation,andlearnnewskills.Ithelpsseniorsfindtheresourcestheyneedtokeepupwiththe"modern"world.Ithelpsnewparentsdevelopaloveofliteracyintheirchildrenandbondwiththem.Ithelpslocalartistsandcraftsmendisplaytheirwork.Ithelpsstudentsfindtheanswerstothoseseeminglyimpossiblehomeworkquestions.Itallowspeopletomeetandexchangeideas.

Librariesaresomuchmorethanbooksandinformation.Yes,therearepubliccomputers,Internetaccess,movies,music,programsandathousandotherthings.

④__________Theyareplaceswherepeoplefeelsafeandwelcomed.Theyareplaceswheresomeonewhohaslimitedresourcescanfreelyaccessmaterialsandequipmenttheywouldn'totherwisebeableto.Theycan,attimes,beaharborforsomeonewhoneedsaquietplacetoworkorstudy.

Someofthebestmemoriesofmychildhoodinvolvegoingtothelocallibraryandspeakingwithmanyothersintheneighborhood,andtheyhavethosesamememoriestoo.Theyarepresentlymakingthosesamememorieswiththeirchildrenandtheirgrandchildren.

⑤__________Idon'tseetheInternetdoingthat.A.

Wedon'tknowwhatsourcestotrust.B.

Thepubliclibraryhelpspeopleimprovetheirlives.C.

Theimportanceoflibrarystaffcomestothesurface.D.

However,libraries'meaningandrelevancegoevenbeyondthat.E.

Thepubliclibrarybringspeopletogethertobuildastrongcommunity.F.

Infact,itisbecauseoftheInternetthatpubliclibrariesareneedednowmorethanever.G.

Everydaychildren,studentsandadultsuselibrariestolearn,growandachievetheirdreams.五、完形填空

BrandonPonzo'ssittingonalonebarberchair.Thefifth-graderiswrappedinadarkredbarber'scape(披肩).Tohisleft,acartoonplaysonasmallTV.He

1

outofthecornerofhiseye,carefultokeephishead

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.Tohisright,twootherboyssitonfoldingchairs,lookingoverbooks

3

theywaittheirturn.

Ponzo'sbarber—whoalso

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ashisprincipal—getstowork.

TerranceNewtonhasturnedaspareroomatWarnerElementarySchoolintohispersonal

5

.Intheafternoons,hepullsafewboysfromthefinalminutesofclassand

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themtoafreshcut.

It'sasmalldeedthatshowshisstudentsthathenotonlycaresabouttheir

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,butalsowantsthemtobehappywiththemselvesandhowtheworld

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them.Newtonhasbeencuttinghisstudents'hairforabout15years.Usingequipment

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byafriendwhoisabarber,hebroughthis

10

toWarnerinhisfirstyearasprincipal.

Cuttinghairrequiresbothskillsandcare.Newton

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tilts(使倾侧)Brandon'sheadfromsidetoside,gettinghishairlinejust

12

.

ThebarbershopsessionisauniquetimeforNewtontointeractwithhisstudents

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theclassroom.The"barbershoptalk"thatfillsthetemporaryspaceisa(n)

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forhimandhisstudentstorelax,getto

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eachotherbetterandthinkaboutthefuture.Theboysmightnotrealizeit,buteverybarbershopsessionisfilledwithmini-teachingmoments.Newtonasksthemaboutschoolandwhatvocabularywordsthey'rebeingtestedthatweek.1.A.watches

B.observes

C.notices

D.admires

2.A.smooth

B.healthy

C.pretty

D.straight

3.A.before

B.while

C.though

D.until

4.A.expands

B.prepares

C.doubles

D.operates

5.A.studio

B.classroom

C.restroom

D.barbershop

6.A.treats

B.refers

C.introduces

D.exposes

7.A.appearance

B.education

C.future

D.condition

8.A.understands

B.accepts

C.rewards

D.sees

9.A.produced

B.deserted

C.donated

D.repaired

10.A.students

B.books

C.customs

D.skills

11.A.quickly

B.carefully

C.normally

D.casually

12.A.long

B.short

C.right

D.tight

13.A.outside

B.between

C.inside

D.around

14.A.promise

B.intention

C.lesson

D.chance

15.A.realize

B.know

C.recognize

D.tolerate六、语法填空

TheRainbowBookstore,whichwasalegendaryfixtureintheneighbourhood,①_________(close)after50yearsofbusiness.IhadalongchatwithCasey,thestore'selderlyowner.Hesaidhowitwasbecomingdifficult②_________(run)anindependentbookstorebecausemoreandmorepeoplewerebeingattractedbychainstoresandonlinediscounts.Andmostyoungpeoplepreferred③_________(read)e-booksontablets.

Childhoodmemoriescamebacktomesoclearly,asiftheevents④_________(happen)onlyyesterday.Asayoungboy,Ispenthoursreading,⑤_________(seat)onthestore'sold,butcomfortablefurniture.

Afewmonthslater,Iwasbackintheneighbourhoodduringmyspringbreakvacationandwas⑥_________(surprise)toseethatthebookstorewasstillthereandopenforbusiness.Itsoldbrickexteriorhadn'tchanged,butinsideitwaslike

⑦_________differentworld.Iwastoldthatasaleswoman,

⑧_________hadgrownupintheneighbourhood,hadtakenoverthebookstorefromCasey.Underherleadership,thebookstorewasbeingturnedintoaplaceforliterature-lovingmembersofthecommunitytogettogether.Ithadacafesellingorganicfoodandthere⑨_________(be)morecommunityevents.

IhappenedtomeetCasey,whowasstillworkingthere.Hewassopleased⑩_________(see)thateverythinghewantedittooffertothecommunityisstillthere.

参考答案1.答案：organic2.答案：bunch3.答案：saleswoman4.答案：compete5.答案：furniture6.答案：Asisknowntoeverybody解析：as可以引导非限制性定语从句,在句中作主语、表语或宾语。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,这里用As引导非限制性定语从句,As指代整个主句的内容。7.答案：wouldcatchtheearlybustowork解析：would作为will的过去式,用来表示过去的习惯性的动作。8.答案：tiredandhungry解析：形容词作状语通常用于说明主语的情况,表示主语的状态、性质或特征等。此时,形容词可位于句首、句末或句中,通常和句子其他部分用逗号分开。9.答案：①preferredtogowithusratherthanstay②preferredgoingwithustostaying③wouldrathergowithusthanstay④wouldgowithusratherthanstay解析：①prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。②preferdoingsth.todoingsth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。③wouldratherdosth.thandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。④woulddosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。阅读理解答案：1-3.BDC

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中Sometimescompaniesusetheircontroloveraproduct'ssoftwarefortheowners'benefit...togiveownersmorerangetoescapethestorm.可知,特斯拉的例子指出如果产品公司控制产品的所有权,该公司可以采取措施避免他们的顾客遭受危险。

2.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Devices,byandlarge,aresoldonthebasisthattheyenablepeopletodowhattheywant.Totheextenttheyarecontrolledbysomebodyelse,thatfreedomiscompromised.可推知,画线词组的意思是“按个人的希望使用设备的自由”。

3.推理判断题。根据第四段中Caseslikethisshouldremindpeoplehowjealouslytheyoughttoprotecttheirpropertyrightsandcontrolwhousesthedatathatiscollected.可知,作者可能同意保护产权。完形填空答案：FABDE

解析：①根据上文butnothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth可知作者不同意上面的观点,继而表明自己的观点,故选F项。②根据上文Wehearsomuchabout"falsenews".和下文Librariansaretheretohelp.可知,我们在网络上会获得很多信息,但是我们不知道什么样的信息是准确的,这时我们可以到公共图书馆去,那里的信息很可信。③根据下文Ithelpsconnectpeoplewiththeresourcestheyneedtofindajob,continuetheireducation,andlearnnewskills.可知,这一段是表明公共图书馆对人们生活的积极影响,即帮助改善人们的生活,而且设空处放在段首,起中心句的作用。故选B。④根据本段第一句话(中心句)可知,本段的大意是公共图书馆不仅仅有书本和信息。结合上文Yes,therearepubliccomputers,Internetaccess,movies,music,programsandathousandotherthings.和下文Theyareplaceswherepeoplefeelsafeandwelcomed.可知上文讲的是有形的方面,下文讲无形的方面,中间缺少一个过渡,表明公共图书馆不仅仅是有形的,所以D项符合语境。⑤根据上文可知,公共图书馆连接了人与人之间的关系,所以E项符合语境。完形填空