Unit 6 Survival 学案-2022-2023学年高中英语外研版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit6Survival一、词汇变形crimen．罪；罪行→_________adj.犯罪的；犯法的n．罪犯_________n．贪婪；渴望→greedyadj.贪婪的；渴望的→greedilyadv.贪心地，贪婪地commitv．犯错误(罪行)→commitmentn．许诺，承诺；投入；奉献→_________adj.尽心尽力的urbanadj.城镇的，城市的→_________n.城市化，都市化containern.容器→containv.包含，含有；容纳；控制estimatev.估计，估算→_________n.判断，评价，看法migratoryadj.迁徙的→migratev.(随季节变化)迁徙；移居；迁移→_________n.(为工作)移居者；移民；候鸟；迁徙动物→migrationn.迁移；移居；迁徙appreciatev.欣赏；赏识→appreciationn.欣赏；理解，体谅，同情；感激，感谢→_________adj.感激的，感谢的；欣赏的；赏识的crucialadj.至关重要的，关键性的→cruciallyadv.关键性地restrictv.限制→_________n.约束，限制→restrictedadj.有限的，受制约的→restrictiveadj.限制性的optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的→_________n.乐观；乐观主义→_________tn.乐观的人；乐天派consumev．消费；消耗→consumern．消费者→consumptionn．(精力、油、电等的)消耗量supplementv.补充，增补→_________adj.增补性的，补充的eliminatev.消除，根除→_________n.消除，排除，淘汰fierceadj.恶劣的，极端的→fiercelyadv.猛烈地，厉害地→fiercenessn.reactv．反应→reactionn．反应advancedadj.高级的；先进的→advancen.前进；进展v.前进→_________n.前进；进步；晋升，提升_________n.惊恐，恐惧→terrifyv.使害怕→terrifying可怕的/terrified害怕的_________n.(企业、政治等的)代理人，经纪人→agencyn.机构；(尤指政府内的)局，部，处consistv.组成→_________adj.始终如一的，持续的，一致的inferv.推断，推定→_________n.推论→p./p.p.____________exposev．使暴露(于险境)→exposedadj.无遮蔽的；无保护的→___________n．暴露，显露dustn．尘土；沙尘→___________adj.积满灰尘的；满是灰尘的二、一词多义二、重点词汇讲解commitvt.投入；犯(错误或罪行)；做(错事等)；把……委托于，交付(教材P62)Nomatterhowmanycrimeshecommitted,thepolicewerepowerlesstoarresthim.不管他犯了多少罪，警察都无力逮捕他。[知识拓展]commitsb./oneself____(doing)sth. 承诺，保证做某事commit____sb/sth 忠于……，全身心地投入……commitacrime 犯罪commitsuicide 自杀fitinwith与……相适应；符合；与……一致(教材P62)Someanimalshaveevenchangedtheirlivinghabitstofitinwiththeirnewhomes.一些动物甚至改变了它们的生活习惯以适应它们的新家。[知识拓展](1)fitv． 合……的身；符合；使胜任adj. 健康的；合适的fitsb./sth. 适合某人/某物befit____ 适合keepfit 保持健康(2)_______n. 健康；适合distinguishv．区别；辨别；表现突出(教材P63)Unabletodistinguishbetweenblueskyandglass,birdscrashintowindowsatspeedsofabout50kilometresperhour.由于无法区分蓝天和玻璃，鸟儿以大约每小时50千米的速度撞向窗户。[知识拓展](1)distinguishbetween... 辨别……；区分……distinguish...from... 辨别……与……；使……有别于……distinguishoneself(bydoingsth.) (因……)表现突出bedistinguishedfor 因……而出名(2)distinguishedadj. 卓越的，著名的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Peoplewhocannotdistinguish_________coloursaresaidtobecolour­blind.②HewasoneofAustralia'smost_________(distinguish)artists,renownedforhisportraitsandlandscapes.(教材P63)Howevertheyadapttoourwaysofurbanliving,it'simportantthatwegetabetterunderstandingofandevenlearntoappreciateourwildneighbours.不管他们如何适应我们的城市生活方式，重要的是我们要更好地了解甚至学会赏识我们来自野外的邻居。(1)adaptto适应，适合adapt...from... 根据……改编或改写adapt...for... 改编或改作……之用adaptableadj. 能适应的，适应性强的adaptationn. 改编(本)，改造；适应(2)appreciatev．欣赏，赏识，鉴赏，感激；意识到[知识拓展](1)appreciate_______sth. 感激做某事appreciateone'se_______sth. 感激某人做某事Iwouldappreciate____if... 如果……，我将不胜感激(2)appreciationn. 赏识，鉴赏；感激only倒装(教材P63)Onlythencanwelooktowardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.只有这样，我们才能期待和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。句式分析：句中only修饰时间状语then，置于句首，句子用部分倒装，把情态动词can提前。[知识拓展](1)在only后作状语的是从句时，______句不要用倒装，要部分倒装的是_____句。(2)在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等____语，则____句用倒装结构。如only后跟的是____语，就不用倒装结构了。[即学即练]单句语法填空1.Onlyafterabitterstruggle______theaimachieved.2.Theboy______(help)outonlywhenhisfatherarrivedinahurry.3.Onlytheteachers______(allow)tousetheroom.4.Onlywhenheapologisesforhisrudeness______Ispeaktohimagain.5.Onlybyfollowingthismethod______weabletostudyEnglishwell.6.Onlybyincreasingthenumberofdoctorsby30%______thepatientsbetreatedproperlyinthishospital.optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的(教材原文)RobinsonCrusoeisacleverandoptimisticman.鲁滨孙·克鲁索是一个聪明乐观的人。【探究归纳】(1)beoptimistic______...对……乐观(2)optimismn.乐观(主义)(3)optimistn.乐观主义者(4)______adj.悲观的be____________...对……悲观consumptionn．(精力、油、电等的)消耗量；消费(教材P67)ThePresidenthasannouncedemergencymeasurestolimitfuelconsumption.总统宣布了限制燃料消耗的紧急措施。[知识拓展](1)consumev． 消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完sbbeconsumed______ 被……折磨consumesth.indoingsth. 把……用在做某事上(2)consumern. 消费者getridof摆脱，除去(教材P67)Plus,italsoincludesafreeposterillustratingnewplanstogetridoftheEbolavirusonceandforall.此外，它还包括一张免费海报，展示了彻底清除埃博拉病毒的新计划。[知识拓展]beridof 摆脱；除掉；除去ridsb./sth.ofsth. 使某人/某物摆脱某物ridoneselfofsth. 使自己摆脱某物wipeout彻底毁灭(教材P68)Inthe1960sand1970s,thegreatestfearwasthatthehumanrace,andpossiblyalladvancedlifeformsontheplanet,couldbewipedoutbynuclearmissiles,justatthepushofabutton.在20世纪60年代和70年代，最大的恐惧是只要一按按钮，人类就可能和地球上所有的高级生命形式一起被核导弹消灭。[知识拓展]wipeaway 擦去；揩去；消除wipesthoff/from.. 擦掉；除掉wipeup 擦干，擦掉(落下的某物或溅出的液体等)wipeoutone'sdebts 还清债务wipesth.down/wipedownsth. (用湿布)彻底擦干净consistof由……组成；由……构成(教材P69)Itconsistedofaclosedspaceinwhichpeople,animalsandplantscouldlivetogether.它由一个封闭的空间组成，人、动物和植物可以在其中共同生活。[知识拓展](1)consistof＝bemadeupof 由……组成consist______ 在于consist______ 与……一致(2)consistentadj. 一致的，始终如一的；持续的，连续的beconsistent______ 与……相一致或吻合beconsistent______ 在……方面前后一致(3)consistentlyadv. 一致地，始终如一地[小片段填空]Lifemainlyconsists______happinessandsorrowwhilehappinessandsorrowconsist______struggle.Rememberthatyourideallifedoesnotalwaysconsist______thereality.exposev．使暴露(于险境)；揭露；事曝光(教材P70)...wecaninferthattheMoonislessexposedtodangerousradiationthanMars.……我们可以推断，月球比火星暴露在危险的辐射下要少。[知识拓展](1)exposeto 暴露于；受到风险expose...to... 把……暴露于……beexposedto 暴露于；接触(2)exposuren. 暴露；显露三、单元语法“疑问词＋­ever”和“nomatter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句[观察例句]1．Whateverhappened,hewouldn'tsayaword.2．Youcanaskforhelpwheneveryouneedit.3．NomatterwhereIgo,myheartistowardsChina.4．Callmewhenyougetthere，nomatterwhatthetimeis.[归纳用法]1．在_____________从句中，不论是“疑问词＋­ever”还是“nomatter＋疑问词”，其意义都是“不管/无论＋该疑问词的本义”，两种结构的作用相同。Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished.＝Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.无论谁违反了规定，都要受到处罚。Whereverhegoes(maygo)，I'llfollowhim.＝Nomatterwherehegoes(maygo)，I'llfollowhim.无论他去哪里，我都跟着他。Whicheverdictionaryyou(may)take,youwillhavetopayatleast20dollars.＝Nomatterwhichdictionaryyou(may)take,youwillhavetopayatleast20dollars.无论你买哪本词典，都得至少付20元钱。注意：这类从句中用一般现在时表将来，从句中也可用情态动词may/might。[即学即练1]单句语法填空①Nomatter______mayhappen,they'vedecidedtoleavethisevening.②Nomatter______youmaybe,youhavenorighttodosuchathing.③______problemyouhave,turntome.④Sheiswillingtohelpyou,______busysheis.2．“疑问代词＋­ever”还可引导主语从句和宾语从句Whoeversmokesherewillbepunished.谁在这里抽烟都会受到处罚。Whicheverhelikeswillbegiventohim.他喜欢哪个就给他哪个。注意：此时的“疑问代词＋­ever”都不能换成“nomatter＋疑问代词”的形式。3．“疑问副词＋­ever”还可以引导时间或地点状语从句Whereverthereisplentyofsunandrain,thefieldsaregreen.哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油的。Hegoestherewheneverhehastime.他每当有时间就去那里。[注意]此时的“疑问副词＋­ever”也不能换成“nomatter＋疑问副词”。[即学即练2]单句语法填空①Senditto______isinchargeofsales.②Youmaysit______youlike.③Beggarswilleat______theyaregiven.④Youmayinvite______youlike.专题练习Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．______comestotheparty,hewillreceiveagift.2．Youcantake______bookyoulikebest.3．______weseehim,wespeaktohim.4．Nomatter______mymotherlandneedsme,Iwillgobackwithouthesitation.5．______weatheritislike,wewillgotoBeijingtomorrow.Ⅱ.短文语法填空NewcoronarypneumoniasweptacrossChinainlate2019.Ourgovernmentimmediate