2025-2026学年北师大版八年级英语下册Unit8单元测试卷（含试题及答案）

2025-2026学年北师大版八年级英语下册Unit8单元测试卷（含试题及答案）考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Whatdoes"sustainabledevelopment"meanaccordingtothetext?A.RapideconomicgrowthatanycostB.ProtectingtheenvironmentwhilemeetinghumanneedsC.ReducingindustrialproductiontosaveresourcesD.Encouragingtourismtogenerateincome2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypicalexampleofa"greencity"?A.Usingsolar-poweredstreetlightsB.PlantingtreesinurbanareasC.IncreasingcarusagetoboosteconomyD.Promotingpublictransportation3.Thephrase"carbonfootprint"refersto:A.Thesizeofaperson'sshoesB.TheamountofcarbondioxideproducedbyhumanactivitiesC.ThedistancebetweentwocitiesD.Theweightofacarbon-basedmaterial4.Whatisthemainpurposeof垃圾分类(garbagesorting)inChina?A.ToreducethenumberoflandfillsB.ToincreaserecyclingratesC.TosavespaceinwastedisposalplantsD.Alloftheabove5.Thetextsuggeststhat"renewableenergy"isimportantbecause:A.ItischeaperthanfossilfuelsB.ItdoesnotproducepollutionC.ItcanbeusedonlyindevelopedcountriesD.Itiseasiertostorethantraditionalenergy6.Whichsentencebestdescribes"environmentalawareness"?A.IgnoringpollutiontofocusoneconomicgrowthB.TakingactionstoprotectnatureC.BelievingthatenvironmentalproblemswillsolvethemselvesD.Avoidingtalkingaboutclimatechange7.Theword"sustainable"in"sustainableagriculture"means:A.Short-termandprofitableB.Long-termandenvironmentallyfriendlyC.High-techandindustrialD.Low-costandsimple8.Whatisamajorchallengeinachieving"greentransportation"?A.HighcostofelectricvehiclesB.LackofgovernmentsupportC.ToofewchargingstationsD.Alloftheabove9.Thetextmentionsthat"biodegradablematerials"helptheenvironmentbecause:A.TheyaremadeofplasticB.TheybreakdownnaturallyC.TheyareexpensivetoproduceD.Theydonotneedrecycling10.Whichofthefollowingisabenefitof"reducingwaste"?A.LoweringlandpricesB.SavingenergyandresourcesC.IncreasingpollutionD.Reducinggovernmentrevenue二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Toprotecttheenvironment,weshoulduse__________energyinsteadoffossilfuels.2.A"__________"isameasureofhowmuchpollutionapersoncauses.3.CitieslikeSingaporeareknownfortheir__________initiatives.4.TheGreatWallofChinaisanexampleofa__________site.5."__________"meansusingresourcesinawaythatdoesnotharmfuturegenerations.6.Recyclingpaperhelpsreduce__________inlandfills.7.Thegovernmentencouragespeopletouse__________insteadofcars.8.__________materialscanbecompostedandreturntothesoil.9.Thetextmentionsthat__________isamajorsourceofgreenhousegases.10."__________"referstotheideathateveryonehasaresponsibilitytocarefortheEarth.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Sustainabledevelopmentonlyfocusesoneconomicgrowth.(×)2.Solarenergyisarenewableresource.(√)3.Allcountrieshavethesamelevelofenvironmentalawareness.(×)4.Biodegradablematerialsareharmfultotheenvironment.(×)5.Greencitiesdonotallowanyvehicles.(×)6.Reducingwastecanhelpsaveenergy.(√)7.Thecarbonfootprintofavegetarianissmallerthanthatofameat-eater.(√)8.Governmentpolicieshavenoimpactonenvironmentalprotection.(×)9.Sustainableagricultureuseschemicalstoincreasecropyield.(×)10.Environmentalawarenessisonlyimportantindevelopedcountries.(×)四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，总分16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"renewableenergy"and"non-renewableenergy."2.Whyis垃圾分类(garbagesorting)importantfortheenvironment?3.Describeonewaythatindividualscanreducetheircarbonfootprint.4.Whatdoes"greentransportation"mean,andwhyisitbeneficial?五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，总分24分）1.Imagineyourcitywantstobecome"greener."Suggestthreespecificactionsthegovernmentcouldtake.2.Writeashortparagraphexplaininghowusingpublictransportationcanhelptheenvironment.3.Describeascenariowheresustainableagriculturebenefitsbothfarmersandtheplanet.4.Ifyouhadtodesigna"zero-waste"school,whatchangeswouldyoumake?【标准答案及解析】一、单选题1.B解析：Sustainabledevelopmentmeansbalancingeconomicgrowth,socialequity,andenvironmentalprotection.OptionBalignswiththisdefinition.2.C解析：Increasingcarusagecontradictsgreencitygoals.OptionsA,B,andDsupportsustainability.3.B解析：Carbonfootprintmeasuresgreenhousegasemissions.4.D解析：Garbagesortinghelpsreducelandfills,increaserecycling,andsavedisposalspace.5.B解析：Renewableenergyreducespollutioncomparedtofossilfuels.6.B解析：Environmentalawarenessinvolvestakingactiontoprotectnature.7.B解析：Sustainableagriculturefocusesonlong-termecologicalbalance.8.D解析：Highcost,lackofsupport,andfewchargingstationsarechallengesforgreentransportation.9.B解析：Biodegradablematerialsbreakdownnaturally,reducingpollution.10.B解析：Reducingwastesavesenergyandresources.二、填空题1.renewable2.carbonfootprint3.green4.historical5.sustainable6.waste7.bicycles8.biodegradable9.factories10.environmentalawareness三、判断题1.×解析：Sustainabledevelopmentincludessocialandenvironmentalgoals,notjusteconomics.2.√解析：Solarenergyisrenewableandclean.3.×解析：Environmentalawarenessvariesbycountry.4.×解析：Biodegradablematerialsareeco-friendly.5.×解析：Greencitiesmayallowelectricvehicles.6.√解析：Reducingwastelowersenergyconsumption.7.√解析：Vegetariansemitfewergreenhousegases.8.×解析：Policiessignificantlyimpactenvironmentalprotection.9.×解析：Sustainableagricultureavoidsexcessivechemicals.10.×解析：Environmentalawarenessisglobal.四、简答题1.Renewableenergycomesfromnaturalsourceslikesunlightorwindandneverrunsout(e.g.,solarpower).Non-renewableenergy(e.g.,coal)isfiniteandpollutestheenvironment.2.Garbagesortingallowsrecycling,reduceslandfillwaste,andconservesresources.3.Usingpublictransportation