2025年北京市学业水平测试高二英语试卷真题（精校打印）

第第页（试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟）第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehomefromworkattwoo’clockoneafternoon.Imaginemy1whenIheardmydaughterMeganandherfriendJoannlaughinginthehousesinceitwastherighttimeforclass.Theyfinally2thattheycamehomeforlunchandneverreturnedtoschool.Buttheysaidtheyhadforgottentolookattheclock.ItoldJoanntogohomebecauseIneededtospeaktoMegan3.WhenJoannleft，I4myselfandmanagedtoaskMeganveryquietly，“Youforgottolookattheclock?”Meganloweredherheadandsaid，“Well,wewerejustexperimentingtoseewhatitwouldfeellikenottogobacktoschool.”ForthemomentIwasgettingangry.Iconsidered5her,butinsteadIsaid，“I’mveryupsetbyallthis.Whenyou’resupposedtobeinschool，that’s6Iexpectyoutobe.NowI’mprobablygoingtogetaphonecallfromyourteacher.”Megansaid,“Writemeanabsencenote,sayIwassickandthenyouwon’tgetacall.”Isaid，“Megan，thenotehastocomefromyouandithastobethe7.”Well，shewasn’tvery8aboutthat，butshedidwriteanotesayingshewasjust“experimenting”andthatshewouldn’tdoitagain.Althoughtheteachergavehera9timeoverthenote,IstillfeltIdidtherightthing.IknewIhadhelpedMeganfaceuptowhatshedidandtake10.1．A．joy B．shock C．relief D．shame2．A．believed B．realized C．admitted D．predicted3．A．privately B．carefully C．equally D．normally4．A．encouraged B．blamed C．warned D．controlled5．A．ComfortingB．punishing C．changing D．annoying6．A．when B．why C．where D．how7．A．truth B．planC．advice D．wish8．A．surprised B．worried C．scared D．pleased9．A．hard B．lucky C．boring D．free10.A．opportunities B．responsibilitiesC．suggestions D．advantages第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ASallynervouslystartedherfirstdayofanewschool.Intheafternoon,shehadmathsclass,alwaysadifficultoneforher.Butshe11(find)theteachersandclassmatesfriendlyandhelpful.Inchemistryclass,however,theguynexttoher,12talkedtoherthewholetime,gotherabitannoyed.Attheendoftheday,Sallybecameeq\l(13)(confident)thaninthemorningandbelievedtheremustbearichexperienceintheschool.BInAmerica,highschoolgradesareusedtodecide14astudentisadmittedintoanacademicprogramornot.However,ascientificsurveyshowsthatnearly75%ofstudentsuccessisdecidedbyotherfactors,often15(describe)as21st-centuryskills.Theimportantthingsthatleadtosuccessaregoodstudyhabitsandstressmanagement.Inotherwords,thestudent’sability16(deal)withchallengesofthepost-secondaryworldwillshapetheirfuture.CRecently,avideoofcollegestudentsinmilitarystylecottoncoatstoclasseq\l(17)(trend)onsocialmediaplatforms.Withthepriceofdownjacketsincreasing,cottoncoatshavemadeamajorcomebackthiswinterandstormedquiteafewcollegeeq\l(18)(campus)inNorthernChina.Onecanbuytencottoncoats19thepriceofonedownjacket.Actually,acoupleofpeople20(wear)thecoatsmightbelaughedat,butwhenagrouppicksthemup,it’sthelatestfashion.第二部分阅读表达（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AImmersiveVanGoghFromthecreatorsoftheblockbustershowinParisseenbyovertwomillionvisitorsandstillwowingcrowdsinToronto,thewestcoastpremiere(首场)oftheImmersiveVanGoghExhibitwillbringtheartofVincenttolifeinLosAngeles.Immersiveartisnotjustatechnicalwaytorepresentvideoandaudioinhugespaces.Theword

immersive

indicatesadeepcommitmentofintentionswhichconnectimagesandsoundsinawaythattheaudienceisabletoexperienceadifferentwayoftheart.Truetoitsname,thisexhibitiontransformstheiconic(偶像的)paintingsofVincentvanGoghintomoving,wall-fillingprojections.“ImmersiveVanGogh”promiseshalf-a-millioncubicfeetofprojectionsthatpullfromsomeofthepost-impressionist’smostrecognizablepieces,includingTheBedroom,Sunflowersand,yes,TheStarryNight.Youwillexperienceartlikeneverbefore—loseyourselfinentrancing,movingimagesthathighlightbrushstrokes,detail,andcolor—trulyilluminating(照亮)themindofthegenius.LOCATIONTICKETPRICESVIPTICKETS—$99.99PriorityaccessVanGoghcushion(agiftforyou)LimitededitionposterPREMIUMTICKETS—$59.99VanGoghcushion(rental)LimitededitionposterBASICTICKETS—$54.99AdmissiononlyCHILDTICKETS—$29.99Ages6—16(children5andunderdonotrequireaticket)AdmissiononlyChildticketsarenotsubjecttochangeofdatefeesTicketsareavailableonlineat.GIFTSHOPStopbyourExhibitGiftShoptotakethemagicofVanGoghhomewithyou!Fromclothingandjewelrytohomedécor,children’sbooks,andsomuchmore,youwillfinduniqueandthoughtfulsouvenirsattheImmersiveVanGoghExhibit.Alsobesuretocheckoutatouronlinestore!ExperiencetheorganiclandscapesofVanGogh’simagination,andjourneythroughhisbrillianceandmadnessinacompletelynewandunforgettableway.21．Accordingtothepassage,theImmersiveVanGoghExhibit________.A．presentsVanGogh’sartinamodernwayB．beginsajourneytoVanGogh’shometownC．displaysVanGogh’spaintingsonmovingwallsD．designsprojectsonVanGogh’slearningexperience22．Fromwherecanpeoplefindinformationabouttheexactlocationoftheexhibit?A．Anemail. B．Awebsite.C．Theticketoffice. D．Thegiftshop.23．Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldchildwhowouldliketoownaVanGoghcushionatleastpayforthevisit?A．$109.98. B．$154.98.C．$159.98. D．$199.98.BResearchersfoundthattheycouldaccuratelypredicthowclosetwopeoplewerebasedonlyontheirbrainactivityinresponsetoaseriesofunfamiliarvideoclips.Simplyput:Youandyourbestfriendsreallydothinkalike.AccordingtoaDartmouthstudyfinding,friendshavesimilarneural(神经的)responsestoreal-worldstimuli(刺激)andthesesimilaritiescanbeusedtopredictwhoyourfriendsare.Thestudyrevealsthatfriendshavethemostsimilarneuralactivitypatterns,followedbyfriends-of-friendswho,inturn,havemoresimilarneuralactivitythanpeoplethreedegreesremoved(friends-of-friends-of-friends).PublishedinNatureCommunications,thestudyisthefirstofitskindtoexaminetheconnectionsbetweentheneuralreactionofpeoplewithinareal-worldsocialnetwork.“Neuralresponsestodynamic,naturalisticstimuli,likevideos,cangiveusawindowintopeople’sunlimited,unplannedthoughtprocessesastheyunfold.Ourresultssuggestthatfriendsprocesstheworldaroundtheminexceptionallysimilarways,”saysleadauthorCarolynParkinson.Thestudyanalyzedthefriendshipsorsocialtieswithinagroupof280graduatestudents.Theresearchersestimatedthesocialdistancebetweenpairsofindividualsbasedonmutually(相互地)reportedsocialties.Forty-twoofthestudentswereaskedtowatcharangeofvideoswhiletheirneuralactivitywasrecordedinafunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)scanner.Thevideoscoveredarangeoftopicsandgenres,includingpolitics,science,comedyandmusicvideos,forwhicharangeofresponseswasexpected.Eachparticipantwatchedthesamevideosinthesameorder,withthesameinstructions.Theresearchersthencomparedtheneuralresponsespairwiseacrossthesetofstudentstodetermineifpairsofstudentswhowerefriendshadmoresimilarbrainactivitythanpairsfurtherremovedfromeachotherintheirsocialnetwork.Thefindingsrevealedthatneuralresponsesimilaritywasstrongestamongfriends,andthispatternappearedacrossbrainregionsinvolvedinemotionalrespondingandhigh-levelreasoning.Evenwhentheresearcherscontrolledvariables,includingleft-handednessorright-handedness,age,gender,race,andnationality,theanalogyinneuralactivityamongfriendswasstillevident.TheteamalsofoundthatfMRIresponsesimilaritiescouldbeusedtopredictnotonlyifapairwerefriendsbutalsothesocialdistancebetweenthetwo.24．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudymentionedinthetext?A．Itisoriginalandcheckspeople’sneuralresponses.B．Ithasyettowinrecognitionfromtheacademicworld.C．Itinvolvedmorethan200studentswatchingvariousvideos.D．Itrequiredaprofessionaldevicetoanalyzeparticipants’conversation.25．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Thedesignofthestudy. B．Theprocessofthestudy.C．Thefindingsofthestudy. D．Theinnovationofthestudy.26．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefindingsofthestudy?A．Skeptical. B．Indifferent.C．Supportive. D．Neutral.27．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．NeuralResponsesShapeSocialBonds.B．HowVideosConnectPeople’sMinds.C．TheScienceBehindSocialNetworks.D．FriendshipSeenThroughNeuralPatterns.CPrecognitivedreamsaredreamsthatseeminglypredictthefuturewhichcannotbeinferredfromactuallyavailableinformation.FormerUSPresidentAbrahamLincolnoncerevealedthefrighteningdreamtohislawpartnerandfriendWardHillLamon,“…ThenIheardpeopleweep…‘WhoisdeadintheWhiteHouse?’Idemanded.‘ThePresident,’‘hewaskilled!’…”Thekillingdidhappenlater.ChristopherFrench,ProfessorintheDepartmentofPsychologyatGoldsmiths,statedthemostlikelyexplanationforsuchaphenomenonwascoincidence（巧合）.“Inadditiontopurecoincidenceswemustalsoconsidertheunreliabilityofmemory”,headded.Askedwhatcriteriawouldhavetobemetforhimtoacceptthatprecognitivedreamswereareality,hesaid,“Theprimaryproblemwithtestsoftheclaimisthatthesubjectsareunabletotellwhentheevent（s）they’vedreamedaboutwillhappen.”However,someclaimedtomakesuchtestspracticable.ProfessorCarolineWattattheUniversityofEdinburgh,hasconductedstudiesintoprecognitivedreaming.Shestatedthatknowingfuturethroughdreamschallengedthebasicassumptionofscience—causality（relationshipofcauseandeffect）.DickBierman,aretiredphysicistandpsychologist,whohasworkedattheUniversitiesofAmsterdam,UtrechtandGroningen,hasputforwardatheorythatmayexplainprecognitivedreams.Itisbasedonthefactthatwhenscientistsusecertainmathematicaldescriptionstotalkaboutthingslikeelectromagnetism（电磁学）,thesedescriptionsfavourthebeliefthattimeonlymovesinonedirection.However,inpracticethewavethatisrunningbackwardsintimedoesexist.Thisconceptiscalledthetimesymmetry,meaningthatthelawsofphysicslookthesamewhentimerunsforwardorbackward.Buthebelievesthattimesymmetrybreaksdownduetoexternalconditions.“Thekeyofthetheoryisthatitassumesthatthereisaspecialcontextthatrestoresthebrokentime-symmetry,ifthewavesrunningbackwardsare‘absorbed’byaconsistentmulti-particle（多粒子）system.Thebrainunderadreamstatemaybesuchasystemwherebrokentime-symmetryispartiallyrestored.Thisisstillnotafullexplanationforprecognitivedreamsbutitshowswherephysicsmightbeadjustedtoaccommodatethephenomenon,”heexplains.AlthoughBierman’sexplanationisstillbasedonguessesandhasnotacceptedbymainstreamscience,Wattdoesthinkitisworthconsidering.Fornow,believingthatit’spossibletopredictfuturewithdreamsremainsanactoffaith.Yet,it’spossiblethatonedaywe’llwakeuptoatrueunderstandingofthisfascinatingphenomenon.28．AccordingtoFrench,whatmakesitdifficulttotestprecognitivedreams?A．Unavailabilityofpeople’sdreams.B．Thatcoincidenceshappenalotinreality.C．Thatcriteriafordreamreliabilityarenottrustworthy.D．People’sinabilitytotellwhendreamteventswillhappen.29．Believersinprecognitivedreamsmayquestionthetruthof______.A．theassumptionofcausality B．thetimesymmetryC．memoriesofordinarypeople D．modernscientifictests30．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A．LincolnwaswarnedofthekillingbyhisfriendB．WattcarriedoutseveralexperimentsoncausalityC．researchesonelectromagnetismarebasedonthetimesymmetryD．time’smovingintwodirectionsmayjustifyprecognitivedreamsDTheUSscientistswhocreatedthefirstlivingrobotssaythelifeforms,knownasxenobots,cannowreproduce—andinawaynotseeninplantsandanimals.XenobotsareformedfromthestemcellsoftheAfricanclawedfrog(Xenopuslaevis),fromwhichittakesitsname.“Frogshaveawayofreproducingthattheynormallyuse,butwhenyouliberatethestemcellsfromtheembryo(胚胎)andyougivethemachancetofigureouthowtobeinanewenvironment,notonlydotheyfigureoutanewwaytomove,buttheyalsofigureoutapparentlyanewwaytoreproduce,”saidMichaelLevin,aprofessorofbiologyatTuftsUniversity,whowasco-leadauthorofthenewresearch.Stemcellsareunspecializedcellsthathavetheabilitytodevelopintodifferentcelltypes.Tomakethexenobots,theresearchersremovedlivingstemcellsfromfrogembryosandleftthemtodevelop.“Mostpeoplethinkofrobotsasbeingmadeofmetal,butit’snotsomuchwhatarobotismadefrombutwhatitdoes,whichisactonitsownonbehalfofpeople,”saidJoshBongard,acomputerscienceprofessorandroboticsexpertattheUniversityofVermontandleadauthorofthestudy.“Inthatway,it’sarobot,butit’salsoclearlyanorganismmadefromfrogcells.”Theresearchersfoundthatthexenobotscouldreplicate(自我复制).Butithappenedrarelyandonlyinspecificcircumstances.Thexenobotsused“kineticreplication”—aprocessthatisknowntooccuratthemolecular(分子)level.Withthehelpofartificialintelligence,theresearchersthentestedbillionsofbodyshapestomakethexenobotsmoreeffectiveatthistypeofreplication.ThesupercomputercameupwithaC-shapethatlookedlikePac-Man,the1980svideogame.Theyfounditwasabletofindtinystemcells,gatherhundredsoftheminsideitsmouth,andafewdayslaterthepackofcellsbecamenewxenobots.“TheAIdidn’tprogramthesemachinesinthewayweusuallythinkaboutwritingcode.ItshapedandsculptedandcameupwiththisPac-Manshape,”Bongardsaid.“Theshapeis,inessence,theprogram.Theshapeinfluenceshowthexenobotsbehavetospeedupthisincrediblysurprisingprocess.”Thexenobotsareveryearlytechnology-thinkofa1940scomputer—anddon’tyethaveanypracticalapplications.However,thiscombinationofmolecularbiologyandartificialintelligencecouldpotentiallybeusedinmanytasksinthebodyandtheenvironment.Thismayincludethingslikecollectingmicroplasticsintheoceans,inspectingrootsystemsandregenerativemedicine.“Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetakeadvantageofthiskindofplasticityandabilityofcellstosolveproblems,”Bongardsaid.31．AccordingtoJoshBongard,arobotshouldbedefinedintermsof______.A．itsfunction B．itsreliabilityC．itsappearance D．itsmaterial32．Whatcanwelearnaboutxenobotsfromthepassage?A．Xenobotshavecopiedstemcellsusingcomputerprograms.B．Specializedcellsplayakeyroleinthereplicationofxenobots.C．AImakesitpossibleforxenobotstoreplicatemoreeffectively.D．Theshapeofxenobotswasinspiredfromavideogameinthe1980s.33．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsfutureapplicationsofxenobots?A．Disapproving. B．Optimistic.C．Unconcerned. D．Objective.34．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Wheredoestheunnaturalreplicationprocesslead?B．Arcxenobotsthefutureofartificialintelligence?C．Theuncertainroleofrobotreproduction.D．Factorfantasy?Robotscanreproduce.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyoutextoften,youlikelyhavea“textingstyle”.Doyouoftenuseemojis?Orwhataboutusingcorrectpunctuation(标点)?Whatdoallthesetextinghabitssayaboutyou?Tohelpyouunderstandyourself,herearesometextingstylesthatcantellyoualotaboutyourpersonality.Doyoualwaysuseemojiswhenyou’retexting?You’remostlikelysomeonewhoisopentoshowingyouremotionsandistruthful.35Tomakesuretheotherpersondoesn’tgetthewrongideaaboutyourmessages,youmakesuretoexpressthetoneofmessageswithanemoji,whichcanbeoftenusedaseffectivesignalsinmodernsocialcommunication.Ifyouliketorespondinone-wordtextslikeaquick“Good”,thenyoumostlikelyhaveamorereservedpersonality,andaren’tasopenwithyourtruethoughtsandfeelings.Becauseyouarenotasopenwithyouremotionsintexts,youmaynotcarehowlengthyyourresponseis.Butbecareful.36Doyouvaluepunctuationandgrammarinyourwriting?Thisloveofgrammargoesstraightintoyourtextsaswellasyouremails.Thisseemslikeagreatthing,doesn’tit?Butintexting,peopleseemtothinkotherwise.Simplyplacingaperiodattheendofsentencesintextscanmakeyoucomeacrossasuntrustworthytoothers.37Withthistextingstyle,youarerootedinlogicandalwayspayattentiontothelittledetails.Areyourtextslengthyandthoughtful?38Similartosomeonewhotextswithperfectgrammar,youareathoughtfulanddetail-orientedperson,whoenjoysdeepconversationsandlikesthingsthatarecontrolledandstable.39Whichtextingpersonalityareyou?Areyouamixofseveraltypes?It’simportanttonotethateveryonehasdifferentwaysoftextingindifferentsituations.Everyonetextstheircolleaguesinadifferentstylefromtheirfamilyortheirfriends.Ifyoueverthinksomeonemayhaveleftyouanunclearorrudetext,it’sbettertojustaskthemin-personwhattheymeantorwhattheywerefeeling.A.Doyourelatetoanyofthesetextingpersonalities?B.Doyouknowthatyouandyourfriendsmayhavedifferentstyles?C.Suchtextsmayalsoberatedaslesssincerethanthosethatdonot.D.Youmaybethebusytypewhodoesn’thavealotoftimetorespond.E.You’rethetypeofpersonwhounderstandstheimportanceofcontext.F.Youwantotherstoknowhowyou’refeelingwhenyou’reusingamessage.G.Ifyou’retextingsomeonewithadifferenttextpersonality,theymayviewyourtextasnegative.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，42题3分，44题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Wealllovetocriticize,butunfortunately,wealsohatebeingcriticized.Wefreelypostandcommentonothers,butfeelannoyedatthewayothersassessus,bothonlineandinperson.Theworldseemsunlikelytochangeanytimesoon.Fortunately,though,eachofuscanchangehowwegiveandtakecriticism,whichwillmakeuslesslikelytoharmothers,moreresistanttobeingangry,andbetterabletobenefitfromfeedback—evenwhenitisnegative.Criticismisdefinedasjudgment