2024-2025学年兰州资源环境职业技术大学单招《英语》考前冲刺测试卷【完整版】附答案详解

兰州资源环境职业技术大学单招《英语》考前冲刺测试卷考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、Mymotheroftenasksme_________.A.nottosmokeB.tonotsmokeC.don'ttosmokeD.todon'tsmoke答案:A解析:这道题考查“asksb.nottodosth.”的固定用法。在英语语法中，“ask”后接“sb.”再跟“todosth.”，其否定形式是“nottodosth.”。选项A符合这一语法规则。B选项“tonotsmoke”语序错误；C选项“don'ttosmoke”和D选项“todon'tsmoke”均为错误表达。所以应该选择A选项。2、MostscientistsagreetheGreatSphinxofGiza(吉萨狮身人面像)wasbuiltaround2,500B.C.ButJohnAnthonyWestsaysthatit'smucholder.Ifhe'sright,“Everythinganybodyhaslearnedaboutancientcivilizationswouldhavetobecompletelyrevised.”hetoldamagazine.West,awriterandfilm-maker,firstgotinterestedinancienthistoryafterstudyingtheworkofaFrenchresearcher.TheresearchersaidEgyptiancivilizationcouldhavedevelopedasearlyas30,000yearsago,ratherthan4,500yearsago,asmostexpertsbelieve.Westjoinedascientisttodoresearchtogether.TheirresearchsuggestedthattheSphinxhadbeenworndown(磨损)overtheyearsbywater,ratherthanbysandandwind.Waitaminute?Water?Howcouldthatbe?TheSphinxisintheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeendryfor12,000years!However,beforethattime,itwasverygreen.Ifit'struethatwaterworedowntheSphinx,Westthinksthatitmusthavebeenbuitcenturiesearlier.WhetherWestisrightorwrong,it'simportanttochallengeacceptedideas.That'showscienceprogresses,Westgavesomeadviceforkids:Ifyouareinterestedinatopic,readeverythingyoucanonit.Doyourownresearch.Don'talwaysbelieveeverythingyourteacherstellyou.Asklotsofques-tions,andfindyourownanswers.

Whichofthefollowingmaythewriteragree?A.Scienceprogressesthroughgivingdifferentopinions.B.Egyptiancivilizationshouldbeearlierthanwethought.C.Oneshoulddosomeresearchbeforegivingtheiropinions.D.Kidsshouldasklotsofquestionsandbelievewhattheirteacherssay.答案:A解析:文章讲述了JohnAnthonyWest对吉萨狮身人面像建造时间的独特观点，并指出即使他的观点是否正确尚待验证，但挑战公认的想法对科学进步很重要。文章最后West给孩子们的建议也强调了质疑和探索的重要性。因此，作者可能同意的观点是科学通过提出不同意见来进步。3、从下列选项中找出其括号部分与所给单词括号部分读音相同的选项。（）r(ea)lizeA.r(ea)dB.sp(ea)kC.st(ea)lD.id(ea)答案:D解析:这道题考查单词读音。“realize”中“ea”的读音为/ɪə/。选项A“read”中“ea”读音为/i:/；选项B“speak”中“ea”读音为/i:/；选项C“steal”中“ea”读音为/i:/；选项D“idea”中“ea”读音为/ɪə/，与“realize”相同。所以答案选D。4、TheotherdayIheardafewlocalmusicianstalking:

“Ihatealltheterriblepianosinthistown,Ihatethatrubbishtheyplayontheradio.Theycan'tevenunderstandabitofmusic.”

“I'mneverplayinginthatclubagain.Toomanydrunksandnobodylistensto

us.”

But,oneyoungermusiciansaid,“Thereareafewclubsthatbookmybandafewnightsamonth,andI'mtryingtofindotherplacestoplay,I'malsolookingtobookafewsummerfestivalsthisyear.”

I'veheardthatyouaretheaverageofthefivepeoplewhomyouspendthemosttimewith,ortoputitanotherway,youarewhoyourfriendsare.

Attitudesareimportant.Whetherthey'repositiveornegative,they'rerubbingoffonyou.Ifyou'rearoundpeoplewhocomplainaboutlackofworkandaboutothermusicians，orblameothers，andyouplaytheroleofvictim(受害者)，chancesareyouwillstarttoaswell.Soit'stimetotakealookatthepeopleyoucall“friends”.

Thisisaneasyexercise:Makealistofthepeoplewhoyouhangoutwith,andsimplystopspendingtimewiththenegativepeopleonyourlist.Setanewstandardforyourselfanddon'tbecomefriendswithpeoplewhofallbelowthatstandard.

Keepsuccessfulpeoplearoundyouandyourownchancesforsuccesswillbemuchbetter.Askthemhowtheydoit.Askiftheywillhelpyougettheworkyou'relookingfor,ormaybegiveyousomeadvicetohelpyouonyourcareerpath.

Theunderlinedsentence“they'rerubbingoffonyou”inParagraph6means_A.they'll

push

you

aheadB.they'll

influence

youC.they'll

cover

your

shortcomingsD.they'll

help

you

achieve

your

goal答案:B解析:“they'rerubbingoffonyou”这句话出现在文章第六段，根据上下文，这句话指的是周围人的态度和行为会对个人产生潜移默化的影响。这种影响可能是积极的，也可能是消极的。文章通过音乐家的例子，强调了选择积极的朋友对个人成功的重要性，因为积极的态度和行为会相互传递，从而提升个人的成功机会。因此，“they'rerubbingoffonyou”准确地表达了“他们对你的影响”。5、―________

isit?—It's8：45.A.WhatB.WhattimeC.WhatcolorD.When答案:B解析:这道题考查对询问时间的英语表达方式的掌握。在英语中，Whattime专门用于询问具体的时间点。A选项What通常用于询问事物；C选项Whatcolor用于询问颜色；D选项When虽也可问时间，但不如Whattime具体。这里回答是8:45，所以要用Whattime来提问，答案选B。6、Aprofessorenteredtheclassroomandtoldthestudentsaboutasurprisetest.Allstudentswere（1）andwaitedforthetesttobegin.Theprofessorgavethetestpaperstoallstudentswithtextfacingdownatthedesk.（2）hewasdonewith（3）thetesttoallstudents,heaskedthemto（4）thetestpaperandbegin.Studentswereconfused(迷惑)toseethattherewasjustablack（5）inthecenterofthepage.Theprofessortoldthem,“Iwantyouto（6）aboutwhatyouseethere.”Thestudentswere（7）confusedbutgotstartedwiththetest.8theendoftheclass,theprofessorcollectedallanswersheetsandstartedreadingeachanswerfromeachsheetinfrontofallstudents.（9）ofthemdescribedabouttheblackdotandtriedtoexplainitsposition.Now,profesorbegantoexplain,“Hereeveryone（10）theblackdotandwroteaboutit（11）noonewroteaboutthewhitepaper.Thesameis（12）ourlives.Thewhitepaperstandsforourwholelifeandtheblackdot（13）problemsinourlife.Ourlifeisa（14）giventousbyGod,withloveandcare,andwealwayshavereasonstocelebrate—ourfriendsaroundus,thejobthatprovidesuswitheverythingweneed.（15）,wejustfocusondaytodayproblemslikehealthissues,lackofmoney,problemsinrelationships,butwe16scethattheseproblemsarevery（17）comparedtoeverythingwehaveinourlives.”Weshouldtrytotakeeyesoffour（18）ndenjoyeachmoment（19）lifegivesus.Behappyand（20）yourlifepositively.

第10空填（）。A.concentratedonB.dependedonC.insistedonD.countedon答案:A解析:根据文章内容，教授在课堂上让学生们观察一张带有黑点的白纸，并让他们思考所看到的内容。这里，教授的目的是引导学生专注于黑点，以此来类比生活中的问题和困难。因此，第10空应填“concentratedon”，意为“集中注意力于”。这个短语准确地描述了学生们的行为，即他们将注意力集中在黑点上，而忽视了更大的背景，即白纸，这也反映了人们在生活中常常过于关注小问题而忽略大局的现象。7、ManychildrenactinTVshows.Theyworkseveralhourseveryday,sotheycannotgotoregularschool.Howdotheygetaneducation?

InHollywoodmanyTVshowsaremade.Aboutfortyteachersgivelessonsforthechildrenintheshows.Theyteachwherevertheirpupilsareworking.Theteachers'jobisveryimportant.Theyareresponsibleformakingsurethatthechildrenworkonlythelimitedhourseachweek.Theyarealsoresponsibleformakingsurethatchildrenlearntherequiredsubjects.Theymakesure,too,thatthechildrengetenoughrestandplay,alongwiththeireducation.

Childactorsarerequiredtoattendclassestwentyhourseachweek.CalifornialawsaystheymustbetaughtfromSeptembertoJune.Iftheydonotmakemuchprogressinschool,theyarenotpermittedtocontinueworkinginTVshows.TVchildrenareusuallygoodpupils,andmostoftheirteacherslikethisspecialkindofwork.Theirclassesareheldinsomewonderfulplaces.Sometimesthe“Classroom”isaMississippiriverboat.Sometimesitistheinsideofaspaceship.Oftenthepupilsbecomefamousstars.

Theyteachersusuallyholdclassesin_.A.a

classroom

buildingB.some

interesting

placesC.a

Mississippi

riverboatD.a

spaceship答案:B解析:根据文章内容，儿童演员们的课堂被灵活安排在各种有趣的地点，不仅限于传统的教室建筑。文中提到，“Theirclassesareheldinsomewonderfulplaces.Sometimesthe‘Classroom’isaMississippiriverboat.Sometimesitistheinsideofaspaceship.”这句话直接说明了他们的课堂有时在密西西比河上的船只上，有时在太空船内部，这些都是有趣且非传统的教学地点。因此，选项B“someinterestingplaces”最符合文意。8、（）theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemare（）teachers.A.Anumberof;womenB.Anumberof;womanC.Thenumberof;womenD.Thenumberof;woman答案:C解析:这道题考查“anumberof”和“thenumberof”以及“woman”作定语的用法。“thenumberof”表示“……的数量”，“anumberof”表示“许多”。句中说的是学校老师的数量，用“thenumberof”。“woman”作定语修饰复数名词时要用复数“women”，所以选C。9、Studyhard,（）youwillcatchupwithothers.A.orB.butC.andD.for答案:C解析:这道题考查英语中的连词用法。“and”用于连接两个具有顺承关系的句子。“Studyhard”努力学习，“youwillcatchupwithothers”你会赶上其他人，两者是顺承关系。“or”表选择，“but”表转折，“for”表原因，均不符合题意。所以应选“and”，表示努力学习就能赶上别人。10、Thisbookismine.Iwrote（）nameonit（）A.mine;myselfB.my;myselfC.me;myselfD.my;mine答案:B解析:这道题考查物主代词和反身代词的用法。物主代词用于表示所属关系，“my”表示“我的”。反身代词“myself”强调自己做某事。“name”前需用“my”修饰，“wrote...myself”表示“自己写”。综合来看，B选项符合语法规则，所以选B。11、Abugfliesbyaplant.Thisplanthasaprettyredflower.Thebugsmellssomethingwonderful.Soitgoescloserandclosertotheflower.Thenitseessomeleavesontheplant.Theyarelongandgreenandgoodtoeat,butlookstrange.Theyarefoldedtogether.Thebugfliesoverandsitsonone.(Oops!That'stheendofthebug.)

Thispoorbughaslandedonaplantthateatsbugs!Meat-eatingplantsusetrickstotrapbugs.

Somehaveprettyflowers.Theytooksoniceandsmellsosweetthatbugsflyrightintotheplants.Butthereisnowaytheycangetout.Theplantkeepsthebugthere.Itusesthebugasfood.That'showtheplantlives.

Therearemanykindsofplantsthateatbugs.Eachplanthasatricktocatchthem.Ononeplanttheleavessnaptogetherwhenthebuglandsonthem.Otherplantshavestickyleaves.Theseleavesrollupwiththebugsstuckinsidethem,suchasthepitcherplant.

Onekindofplanthaslittlehairsonitsleaves.Theyholdanythingthatcomesalongsothatitcannotgetaway.Thentheleavescloseuponthefood.

Youcankeepaplantlikethisinyourhome.Don'tworry.Youwon'thavetocatchbugstofeedit.Justgotoaflowerstore.Youeangetspecialfoodthere.Ifnot,youcanjustgiveitbitsofmeat.

Wecaninferfromthepassagethatabugis__.A.a

certain

kind

of

plantB.some

kind

of

sugarC.a

tiny

insectD.something

sweet答案:C解析:在文章中，bug被描述为能够闻到气味、飞向花朵、并落在植物叶子上，最终被食虫植物捕获并用作食物。这些特征和行为符合昆虫的特性，特别是微小的昆虫。因此，我们可以推断出bug在这里指的是一种微小的昆虫。12、WhenIretire,Ishallgoonalongsea（）.A.tripB.voyageC.travelD.journey答案:B解析:这道题考查词汇辨析。“trip”侧重于短程出行；“voyage”常指海上长途旅行；“travel”泛指旅行；“journey”侧重陆地长途旅行。题干提到“longsea”，在海上进行的长途旅行常用“voyage”，所以答案选B。13、Wouldyoulike_______todrink?A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything答案:A解析:这道题考查不定代词的用法。在一般疑问句中，当期望得到对方肯定回答时，用something而不用anything。这里问“你想要喝点什么吗？”，是期待对方给出肯定回答，所以用something。B选项anything常用于否定句和疑问句；C选项nothing表示“没有东西”；D选项everything表示“所有东西”，均不符合此语境。14、Inchoosingafriend,oneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfairweatherfriends，Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck，butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriend?Ilookforcertainqualitiesofcharacter,especiallyunderstanding,honestyandreliability.

Aboveallelse,Ilookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Instead,hetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherperson'splace,andhetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener.

Atthesametime,however,agoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshort,afriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme.

Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.Ifthetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintime,Icanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavor,hewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintrouble,hewillnotrunawayfromme.

Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlives,andwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumor,too.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme.

WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliable,honest,andunderstanding,IknowI've

foundafriend!

Thispassagemainlydiseuss___.A.the

qualities

of

a

friendB.where

to

choose

friendsC.how

to

get

along

with

friendsD.the

importance

of

having

a

friend答案:A解析:本文详细阐述了在选择朋友时应关注的品质，特别是理解、诚实、可靠性和共同享受乐趣的能力。作者强调了这些品质在构成良好友谊中的重要性，并通过描述好朋友如何表现这些品质来阐释其观点。因此，文章的核心议题是讨论朋友的品质，与选项A相符。15、Pleasegiveme（）aboutthetraintoHongKong.A.afewinformationsB.alittleinformationsC.afewinformationD.alittleinformation答案:D解析:这道题考查不可数名词的用法。information是不可数名词，不能用few修饰，A、C选项排除。little修饰不可数名词，alittle表示“一点”，所以答案选D。在英语中，要准确使用修饰词来描述不可数名词，避免错误。16、Itis40meterslongand6meterswide.Thismustbethebiggestbusyouhaveeverseen.Itcancarry1,200to1,400people.ItisChina'snewSuperBus.ItisgoingforatestruninBeijingattheendofthisyear.SomeothercitiesarealsointerestedinrunningtheSuperBus.Theyhopethetrafficproblemswillbesolved.TheSuperBusrunsalongfixedtracks(固定轨道).Thebussitsontopoftwo2.2-meter-talllegs.Thelegshavewheelsatoneend.Smallcarscandriveunderthebus,sotheSuperBusdoesnottakeuproadspace.Thebusrunsonelectricityandsolarpower.Itcantravelupto60kmeveryhour.Itscreator,SongYouzhou,saysalotoftrafficjamswillbereduced.TheSuperBuscandotheworkof40buses.Inthatway,itcansave860tonsoffueleveryyear,accordingtoSong.“TobuildaSuperBusanditstrackcostslessthanbuildingsubways.Subwaysarenearlytentimesmoreexpensivetobuild.”Songsaid.SomepeopleworrythattheSuperBusmaynotbesafe.However,Songsaysthere'snoneedforconcern.TheSuperBushaslaserscanners(激光扫描仪)betweenitslegs.Thescannersmakesurethecarskeepasafedistance.

TheSuperBuscancarry（）people.A.1,300B.1,500C.1,700D.1,900答案:A解析:超级巴士的设计运载能力在1200至1400人之间，这一数据反映了其高效的城市交通解决方案。选项A中的1300人正好落在这个范围内，符合超级巴士的设计目标。其他选项提供的数字超出了这一范围，因此不符合超级巴士的实际运载能力。通过这种设计，超级巴士不仅能有效缓解城市交通压力，还能显著提高运输效率，减少环境污染。17、Let’schallenge_____inthefaceof_____.A.us;difficultB.ourselves;difficultC.ourselves;difficultiesD.us;difficulty答案:C解析:这道题考查反身代词和名词的用法。在“challenge”后要用反身代词“ourselves”，表示“挑战我们自己”。“difficulty”作“困难”讲时是可数名词，“inthefaceof”后接名词复数“difficulties”。综合来看，C选项符合语法规则。18、Hewalkedbymenoddingatme（）.A.friendlyB.inafriendwayC.kindlyD.inakindlyway答案:C解析:这道题考查词汇的用法。friendly是形容词，不能修饰动词nodding；inafriendway表述错误，应为inafriendlyway；inakindlyway也不正确，常用kindly直接修饰动词。kindly作副词，可修饰动词，在句中能恰当地表达“友好地”这一意思，所以选C。19、从下面单词中找一个括号部分读音不同的单词。（）A.(ch)angeB.(ch)anceC.(ch)urchD.(ch)emistry答案:D解析:这道题考查单词中“ch”的读音。在英语发音规则中，A选项“change”、B选项“chance”、C选项“church”中“ch”发音相同。而D选项“chemistry”中“ch”的读音与前三个不同。所以答案是D。20、WhatdoweknowaboutLaura'shouse?A.Itisold.B.Itiswhite,C.Ithasfourbedrooms.D.Ithasasmallgarden.答案:D解析:根据Laura的信中提到，她的房子有一个小花园。具体内容是：'OurhouseisredandIlikethecolor.Ithasthreebedroomsandasmallgarden.'因此，正确答案是D选项。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）

He'ssostrongthathecancarrytheheavytree．He'sstrong（）（）carrytheheavytree．答案:enoughto2、[未知题型(5)]句子改写，将两个简单句合并成一个含不定式且意思基本相同的简单句。Thesebooksareveryheavy．Theboycan'tliftthem．答案:Thesebooksaretooheavyfortheboytolift．3、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。ThebookA(that)IB(borrowed)C(it)fromthelibraryisD(wellwritten)．答案:C，删掉it4、[未知题型(5)]将下列直接引语改为间接引语。Shesaidtome,“IhaveborrowedanMP3frommydeskmate．”答案:ShetoldmethatshehadborrowedanMP3fromherdeskmate．5、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。TheteacheroftenA(begins)hisB(lessons)C(by)D(afew)questions．答案:C，with6、Mr.Hope,thecleaneratourschool,walkswithalimp(跛脚).Watchinghimwalkslowlyaroundourschool,Ioftenwonderedwhyhelimped.

OnedayIsawtwoboyslaughingatMr.Hope.Theheadmasterwasvery_____(11)_____.Hetookallofustohisofficeandshowedusapictureofayoungmanstandingbyalong,thinboat.“ThisisMr.Hopewhenhewas_____(12)_____,”saidtheheadmaster.

Inthe1968Olympics,Mr.Hopehadracedtothefinalround.Hisonlyrealcompetitorwasanotherracer,Jack.Therace_____(13)_____.Otherboatsweresoonfar_____(14)_____Mr.HopeandJack.Mr.HopeandJackwereracingneckandnecktowardthefinishingline.

Theracewasgoingwellwhen_____(15)_____,Mr.Hopeheardahugesound.HelookedaroundandsawthatJack'sboatwas_____(16)_____inthewaterfast.Jackwasunabletomove.Hewa