译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册UNIT2教学知识细解码学案

教学。知识细解码Focusingonlanguagepoints

JIACXUEZHISHIXIJIEMA

L词汇派生_J

1.occupyvt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于一occupied44•.使

用中；有人使用(或居住)

2.evaluatevt.评估，估计，评价fevaluation评价

」一词多义

©Hernewmoviehashadalotofexposureinthemedia.报道

②Iusedalongexposureforthisone.曝光时间

③It'slikestayinginafishmarketandgettingusedtothestink；longexposureto

abadenvironmentaccustomsonetoevilways.而临，遭受

匚潭点直击jZ)

知识要点1absencen.缺乏，不存在；缺席

［例］Thecasewasdismissedintheabsenceofanydefiniteproof.

此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理。

［知识拓展］

(l)in/duringsb'sabsence=in/duringtheabsenceofsb.

在某人不在期间

intheabsenceof...缺乏……；不存在……

absencefrom缺席，离开，不在某处

absenceofmind心不在焉

(2)absentadj.缺席的；不在的；缺少的；心不在焉的

beabsentfrom缺席；不在

［即学即练1——单句语法填空/完成句子

©It'sthemanager'sjobtoorganizecoversforstaffwhoareabsent(absence).

②Hisabsenceofmindwhiledriving（他驾驶的时候走神）nearlycausedan

accident.

知识要点2bother况.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力（做某事）；打扰沆.花

费时间精力（做某事）〃.麻烦，困难

H列］Idon'twanttobotherherwithmyproblemsatthemoment.

我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。

［知识拓展］

bothersb.withsth.因某事让某人担心/烦心

notbothertodo/doingsth.不费心去做某事

Ilbotherssb.that...让某人担心/苦恼的是....

［即学即练］——单句语法填空/完成句子

①Idon'tknowwhyhebothersmewiththiskindofrubbish.

②Yearsbefore,Ievendidnotbothertoapplyfor/apDlyingfor（不愿费心去申请）

EmploymentInsuranceBenefitwhenIwasunemployed.

③Itbothersmethat（使我苦恼的是）theyhaven'trepliedtoourletters.

知识要点3occupy”.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于

［例］Thebedseemedtooccupymostoftheroom.

床似乎占去了大半个屋子。

［知识拓展I

（l）beoccupiedin（doing）sth.忙于（做）某事

occupysb./oneself（indoingsth./withsb./sth.）

忙于...；专心于....

bedeeplyoccupiedinthinking陷入深思

befullyoccupied忙得不可开交

（2）occupationn.占领；侵占；职业

［即学即练］一单句语法填空

①Haasoccupiedhimselfinwriting（write）hisresearchpaper.

②SheoccupiedherselfwithatranslationofaFrenchnovel.

③Pleasestateyourname,ageandoccupation（occupy）below.

知识要点4circumstancen.条件，状况；境况，（尤指）经济状况

［例］Thecompanyreservestherighttocancelthisagreementincertain

circumstances.

本公司保留在一定条件下取消这项协议的权利。

［知识拓展］

inihecircumstances=underthecircumstances

在这种情况下；既然如此

in/undernocircumstances=innocase

决不（置于句首句子用部分倒装）

i即学即练］——单句语法填空/完成句子

©Undernocircumstances（circumstance）canweagreetosuchaprinciple.

②Inthecircumstances（在这种情况下）,theinformationaboutcompetitionplays

animportantroleinsports.

知识要点5exposureH.面临，遭受；揭露；报道

［例］Continuousexposuretosoundabove80decibelscouldbeharmfultothe

hearing.

持续暴露在强度高于80分贝的噪声中可能对听觉有害。

［知识拓展］

(l)exposev.暴露，曝光

exposesb./sth.to...使....面临/遭受…•

exposesth.暴露/显露/揭露某事

(2)overexposev.使(胶片等)曝光过度；

对……报道过频

［即学即练］一单句语法填空/完成句子

©Keepindoorsanddon'texposeyourskintothesun.

②Heexposedtheplan（透露了这个计划）tothenewspapers.

③Thephotographistoolight：itmusthavebeenoverexposed（被过度曝光/）.

知识要点6inviewof鉴于，考虑到

［例］Inviewofthepresentsituation,we'llhavetoreviseouroriginalplan.

基于目前这种情况，我们将不得不修改原来的计划。

［知识拓展］

inone'sview在某人看来

onview陈列着；展览着

inview在视线中；在视野中

outofview不在视野中

comeintoview映入眼帘

［即学即练］—单句语法填空/完成句子

©Thepiecesonviewarenotgroupedaroundanyonetheme.

②Shewavedunlilthetrainwasoutofview（直到火车从视野中消失）.

③Inmyview（在我看来）publicparticipationisoneofthefewoptions.

知识要点7vita"#.必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的

［例］Readingisofvitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.

阅读在语言学习中至关重要。

［知识拓展］

bevitalto/for...对....是至关重要的

Itisvitaltodo...做....很重要

Itis/wasvitalthat..........是十分重要的［从句中用虚拟语气

“（should）+do”］

［即学即练］——单句语法填空/完成句了

①Hisfunctionisvitalto/fortheaccomplishmentoftheagency'smission.

@Itisvitalthatwe（should）acllostopthedeslruclioniheuainforesls（我们应

当采取行动制止破坏雨林）.

重点句式1with复合结构

（教材Pi6）Withsomuchgoingon,thespacestationneedsalotofmaintenance,

soweconstantlychecksupportsystemsanddosomecleaning.

由于发生了这么多事情，空间站需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查支持系

统并做一些清洁工作。

句式分析:本句中的withsomuchgoingon“with+几+动词・ing形式”结

构，在句中作原因状语。

［例l］Hefeltmoreuneasywiththewholeclassstaringathim.

由于全班同学注视着他，他感到更不自在了。

［例2］I'dliketoseethenewfilmwithtimepermitting.时间许可的话，我想看

那部新电影。

［知识拓展］

with复合结构中除了可以跟动词-ing形式外，还有以下结构：

(l)with+宾语+形容词

(2)with+宾语+副词

(3)with+宾语+介词短语

(4)with+宾语+过去分词

(5)with+宾语+动词不定式

"［即学即练］—单句语法填空/完成句子

®Hefellasleepwiththelampburning(burn).

②AHtheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlockcd(lock).

③Ican'tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash(wash).

©Don'tspeakwithyourmouthfull(你满嘴巴的食物).

重点句式2as引导让步状语从句

(教材Pi7)SplendidastheviewoftheEarthis,spacewalkingisnotasexciting

asyoumightthink.

虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人

心。

句式分析：本句是一个倒装句，as引导让步状语从句，句子必须用倒装形式。

［例1］Hardasheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.

尽管他学习很努力，但没取得什么进步。

H列2］Childashewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.

虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。

［知识拓展1

另外although,though可以引导让步状语从句;although不用倒装；though

可以倒装也可以不倒装。

［即学即练］一句型转换

©Althoughitwasrainingheavilyoutside,theystartedoutveryearly.

—Heavilyas/thoughitwasrainingoutside,theystartedoutveryearly.

©Althoughatomsaresmall,theyaremadeupofstillsmallerunits.

—Smallas/thoughatomsam,theyaremadeupofstillsmallerunits.

重点句式3that'why…"那就是……的原因”

（教材Pi7）That,swhyeveryspacewalkiscarefullyplanned.

那就是为什么每次太空漫步都是精心策划的。

句式分析：本句thafswhy…表示"那就是...的原因”，why引导表语从句,

why后面跟结果。

［例l］Thatiswhytherearemanyversionsofthesamestory.

那就是为什么同一个故事有很多版本。

［例2］ThatiswhytheculturalindustryinChinaisneeded.

那就是中国需要文化产业的原因。

［知识拓展I

That'sbecause...那是因为....（because后面跟原因）

Thereasonwhy...isthat..........的原因是....

［即学即练］―句型转换

Hemissedthebus,that'swhyhewaslateforschool.

Hewaslatetorschool,that*sbecausehemissedthebus.

—Thereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolisthathemissedthebus.

教材对接高考」

教材高考

1.Hopefully,thisexperimentwillcast（2021•全国乙卷）...whichranksthem

newlightonspacefarmingandallowusbytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,as

tosetuppermanentbasesonotherwellasupdatedinformationfromofficial

planets,suchasMars.stadiumwebsites.

（2021・新高考I卷）

2.Weneedtoevaluatetheeffectsoflow

Thepopularizationofemotional

gravityonanimalsandplants.

intelligencehashelpedboththepublic

andresearchersre-evaluatethe

functionalityofemotions...

(2021,浙江卷)Tous,themostlikely

3.First,wcputonourspacesuits,which

explanationappearstobethatthebasis

allowustobreatheinspaceandprotect

liesintheirlivingwithhumans,which

usfromexposuretothecoldand

givesthemalotofexposuretohuman

radiation.

facialexpressions...

(2021•新高考I卷)...anincreasingly

concernednationtookfirmactiontostop

4.Spendingsometimeinthegymisof

thedestructionofmigratory(迁徙的)

vitalimportancetoastronauts'health.

waterfov/1andthewetlandssovitalto

theirsurvival.

U应用落实」

I.单句语法填空

1.Youcanimaginehowfullyoccupied(occupy)Ibecame,raisingfourboys

undertheageof8!

2.Inthecircumstances,itseemsbetternottotellhimabouttheaccident.

3.Hewaseagertobebackaftermorethanaweek'sabsencefromschool.

4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluated(evaluate)interms

ofoverallquality.

5.Scientistsworrythatexposure/beingexposed(expose)tolightwhilesleeping

canincreasechancesofgettingcancer.

6.What'sworse,somedriversdonotthinkitvitaltoobeytrafficrules.

7.Sorrytobother(bother)you,butthemanagerisontheline.

8.ForseveralhoursImademyselfhighlyvisible(vision),makingsureeveryone

couldseeme.

9.Nooneisaskingyoutoputonahairshirtandgiveupallyour

luxuries(luxury).

10.Hisconfidencehadbeenpermanently(permanent)affectedbythepainful

suffering.

II.短语填空

carryout；differfrom；inviewof；ofvitalimportance；inthecircumstances；

castnewlighton；goon

1.Withtimegoingon,thesituationisbecomingmoreandmorecomplex.

2.NobodydoubtsthatreadingisofvitalirriDortanceinlanguagelearning.

3.Inviewoftheterribleweather,theeventwillbeheldindoorsnext

Wednesday.

4.Tobefrank,Ireallyhavesomedifficultycarryingouttheplan.

5.Sheisnotfeelingwell.Inihecircumstances,itseemsbelternottotellher

aboutthefact.

6.Whatthescientistsaredoingwillcaslnewlightonhowthesystemworks

soonerorlater.

7.Thingsintheworlddifferfromeachotherinathousandways.

III.课文语法填空

Ductothenear1.absence(absent)ofgravity,