专题02 阅读理解（说明文）-2024年新高考英语七省名校联考试题汇编（解析版）

专题02阅读理解（说明文）安徽省十校联盟2023-2024学年高三英语试题2.安徽省江淮十校2023-2024学年高三联考试题3.贵州省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高三联考甘肃省武威市四校联考2023-2024学年高三试题吉林省Best友好联合体2023-2024学年高三质检试题黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试卷吉林省长春外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题黑龙江省哈师大附属中学2023-2024学年高三试卷9.江西省智学联盟体2023-2024学年高三联考试题10.广西南宁市武鸣区武鸣高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题1.【安徽省十校联盟2023-2024学年高三英语试题】Intoday’sdigitalagewhenyoucangetinformationquickly,thereisaconcernaboutchildrendevelopinganappreciationforreadingprintedbooks.That’swhycommunitiesinAustraliahavecomeupwithawaytoconveyaloveofbooksintheyoungergenerations.Tosolvethisproblem,communitiesarebringinglibrariestowherethekidsare:inthestreets.Thelittlelibrariesconsistofboxesthataresetupoutsideofhousesorpublicspacesandarefilledwithbooks.Peoplecantakebookstheyhaven’treadanddonateonestheyhavetothelibraries.StreetLibraryAustralia,anonprofit,wasstartedbyNickLoweafterhesawaLittleFreeLibraryonatriptotheUSA．Afteraninitialworkshopin2015tobuild30libraries,theideamushroomedandnowthereare4,500registeredstreetlibrariesinAustralia.“Itjustgrewandgrew,”hesaid.Thelibrariescomeinallshapesandsizes.Theselibrariesarecompletelyvoluntaryandanyonecanstartone.PamelaZielke,whorunsalibrarycalledPam’sPantry,givesouttoysandcraftsuppliesalongwithbooks.Anearlychildhoodeducator,shestartedherlibrarywiththegoalofrescuingbooksfromdustbins.Butthelibrariesaredoingmuchmorethanjustprovidingbooks-andotherdonateditems-topeople.Thestreetlibrariesarealsobuildingcommunity.“It’salittlestoppingplaceoutsideyourhouse,”saidLowe.“It’sagreatwaytomeetpeopleinyourneighborhoodwhoarealsobooklovers,recyclebooks,andfindnewbooks.”TheseLittleStreetLibrariesprovidedavaluableserviceduringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19andthepopularityhasnotwaned.Peopleusethemtofindbooksonspecifichobbieslikecooking,childrenaredevelopingaloveofreadingbooks,anditismoreconvenientthangoingtoabookstoreorabrick-and-mortarlibrary.Butevenmoreimportantly,withasharedinterest,thelibrariesarebringingcommunitiesclosertogether.8．WhatmightmakepeopleinAustraliaworriednowadays?A．Thepopularityofdigitalbooks. B．Thepoorserviceofcommunityeducation.C．Theshortageofthestreetlibraries. D．Childrenlosinginterestinprintedbooks.9．WhatdoweknowaboutNickLowe?A．HemustbeacitizenoftheUSA．B．HewasinspiredbyatriptotheUnitedStates.C．Hehassetupatotalof30streetlibrariesinAustralia.D．HemadeafortunethroughStreetLibraryAustralia.10．WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusbymentioningPamelaZielke?A．Weshoulddoallwecantosupportstreetlibraries.B．ManymorestreetlibrarieswillbesetupinAustralia.C．Anyonecanfollowherexampleandstartastreetlibrary.D．Itisofgreatbenefittorunastreetlibraryinyourneighborhood.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“waned”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Turnedweaker. B．Becomedifferent.C．Spreadwidely. D．Wonrecognition.【答案】8．D9．B10．C11．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为了在数字时代传播对书籍的热爱，澳大利亚街头建了很多图书馆。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Intoday’sdigitalagewhenyoucangetinformationquickly,thereisaconcernaboutchildrendevelopinganappreciationforreadingprintedbooks.(在今天的数字时代，当你可以快速获取信息时，人们担心是否孩子们会对阅读印刷书籍产生兴趣)”可知，如今令澳大利亚人感到担忧的是孩子们对印刷的书籍失去兴趣。故选D项。2.推理判断题。根据第三段“StreetLibraryAustralia,anonprofit,wasstartedbyNickLoweafterhesawaLittleFreeLibraryonatriptotheUSA.(澳大利亚街头图书馆是一家非营利组织，由尼克·洛威在去美国旅行时看到一个小型免费图书馆后创办)”可推知，NickLowe从美国的一次旅行中获得灵感，创办了街头图书馆。故选B项。3.推理判断题。根据第五段“PamelaZielke,whorunsalibrarycalledPam’sPantry,givesouttoysandcraftsuppliesalongwithbooks.Anearlychildhoodeducator,shestartedherlibrarywiththegoalofrescuingbooksfromdustbins.(帕梅拉·齐尔克经营着一家名为“帕姆的储藏室”的图书馆，除了书籍外，她还会分发玩具和手工用品。作为一名幼儿教育工作者，她创办图书馆的目的是拯救垃圾箱里的书)”及第四段“Theselibrariesarecompletelyvoluntaryandanyonecanstartone.(这些图书馆完全是自愿的，任何人都可以建立一个)”可知，第五段提出PamelaZielke经营着一家名为Pam’sPantry的图书馆，是为了佐证第四段提到的“任何人都可以以她为榜样，建立图书馆”这个观点。故选C项。4.词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“Peopleusethemtofindbooksonspecifichobbieslikecooking,childrenaredevelopingaloveofreadingbooks,anditismoreconvenientthangoingtoabookstoreorabrick-and-mortarlibrary.(人们用它们来寻找特定爱好的书籍，比如烹饪，孩子们正在培养对读书的热爱，而且这比去书店或实体图书馆更方便)”可知，街头图书馆受欢迎程度没有减弱。由此可知，该划线词与turnedweaker意思相同。故选A项。【安徽省江淮十校2023-2024学年高三联考试题】Decisionsinlifearerarelyblackandwhitebutusuallyinvolveshadesofgray.Atdinnertime,thedecisionyoufaceisnotbetweenfastingandeatinglikeapig,butwhethertotakethatextraspoonfuloffood.Whenexamsarearoundthecorner,yourdecisionisnotbetweenquittingthemandstudying24hoursaday,butwhethertospendanextrahourreviewingyournotes.Economistsusetheterm“marginalchanges”todescribeminoradjustmentstoanexistingplanofaction.Inmanysituations,peoplemakethebestdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Marginmeans“edge”,somarginalchangesareadjustmentsaroundtheedgesofwhatyouaredoing.Suppose,forinstance,thatyouaskafriendforadviceabouthowmanyyearstostayinschool.IfhecomparesthelifestyleofapersonwithaPh.D.tothatofagradeschooldropout,youmightcomplainthatthiscomparisonisnothelpfulforyourdecision.Youhavesomeeducationalreadyandmostlikelyaredecidingwhethertospendanextrayearortwoinschool.Tomakethisdecision,youneedtoknowtheadditionalbenefitsthatanextrayearinschoolwouldoffer(highersalariesthroughoutlifeandthepurejoyoflearning)andtheadditionalcoststhatyouwouldpay(tuitionandtheforgonesalarieswhileyouareinschool).Bycomparingthesemarginalbenefitsandmarginalcosts,youcanevaluatewhethertheextrayearisworthwhile.Individualsandfirmscanmakebetterdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Arationaldecision-makertakesactionifandonlyifthemarginalbenefitoftheactionexceedsthemarginalcost.28.Whatdoes“fasting”underlinedinParagraph1mean?A.Eatingordrinkingalot. B.Eatinglittleornofood.C.Eatingonaregularbasis. D.Eatingwithoutappetite.29.WhydoestheauthorgiveanexampleinParagraph2?A.Toexplainmarginalthinking. B.Tosolvereal-lifeproblems.C.Toevaluatemarginalthinking. D.Toencourageadjustments.30.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Itisunnecessarytomakeminoradjustmentstoplans.B.Comparisonmakeslittlesenseindecision-making.C.Peopleoftenweighupbenefitsandcostsofdecisions.D.Marginalchangesarecontroversialamongindividuals.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MarginalThinkingLeadstoBetterDecisionsB.MarginalBenefitGoesbeyondMarginalCostC.RationalThinkersExistinAllAspectsofLifeD.PleasureResultsfromEffectiveComparison主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通——边际思维在日常生活中的运用。【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了边际思维的定义和功能，举例说明了边际思维的意义，即它能帮助人们在日常工作、学习和生活中作出更合理的决定。【解析】28.考查考生根据上下文线索推测词义的能力。本题问及第一段中画线词“fasting”的含义。本题需结合本段的大意（生活中的各种抉择）进行推断。“…notbetweenfastingandeatinglikeapig,butwhethertotakethatextraspoonfuloffood”和“...yourdecisionisnotbetweenquittingthemandstudying24hoursaday...”，可推断出fasting在此处与eatinglikeapig意思相反。故选B。29.考查考生抓住语篇中的关键细节并进行推理的能力。本题问及第二段举例的H的。根据第二段中“Marginmeans‘edge’,somarginalchangesareadjustmentsaroundtheedgesofwhatyouaredoing.”可知，举例是为了解释说明边际变化及边际思维。故选A。30.考查考生从语篇中提取主要信息、推断语篇中的隐含意义的能力。本题问及人们对边际思维的运用。根据文章第二段中“Bycomparingthesemarginalbenefitsandmarginalcosts,youcanevaluate…”和最后一段“Arationaldecision-makertakesactionifandonlyifthemarginalbenefitoftheactionexceedsthemarginalcost.”可知，人们常常会权衡利弊，从而作出更优的选择。故选C。31.考查考生根据语篇的主题、内容和结构分析概括语篇标题的能力。本题问及这篇文章的最佳标题。解题关键在于把握文章的主旨和结构：第一段举例说明生活中的边际变化；第二段介绍边际思维的定义及功能；第三段阐述边际思维在实际生活中的应用和意义。结合文章最后一段“Individualsandfirmscanmakebetterdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.”故选A。【贵州省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高三联考】ElvisPresleyenjoyedgreatsuccessandpopularityinthemid-1950swhenheintroducedhisnewstyleofR&.B-rock‘n’roll.TeenagersinAmericaandBritainlovedhisrock‘n’rollmusic.TheUSAwasthemainplaceforpopularmusicuntil1962whenfourmusiciansfromLiverpool,England,startedtoperform.TheyweretheBeatles,andtheycreatedanewformofrock‘n’rollmusiccalledthe“MerseySound”.ThenamecomesfromtheriverMerseyinLiverpool.SoontheBeatlesbecameverysuccessful.Duringthe1960ssomeyoungpeoplebecameunsatisfiedwiththetraditionsandlifestylesofsocietyandtriedtodevelopthoseoftheirown.Theywerecalled“hippies”.“Hippies”wantedaworldbasedonloveofpeace.Sotheyworeflowerstoshowthattheywerepeaceful.TheirphilosophyisinBobDylan’ssong,BlowingintheWind,whichsaysthatwarsarebadfortheworldandwilldoharmtopeace.“GlamRock“，anewformofrockmusic,arrivedintheearly1970s.Themusicians,suchasDavidBowieworecolorfulclothesandmakeup,wantedtoshockpeople.Inthemid-1970sanotherstyleofmusic,“PunkRock”,appeared.Punkmusicisawaytoexpressthesingers’thoughtandangerwithsociety.Ithadlotsoffansandtheyworestrangehairstylesandrippedjeans.The1990swasatimeforsuperstarslikeMadonnaandMichaelJackson.Atthattimelotsofdifferentstylesofmusicwerepopular,suchas“rap”or“hip-bopmusic”，inwhichthelyricsarespoken,ratherthansung.Andhip-bopyouthsworebaggypantsandoversizedshirts.12．“Merseysound”asanewkindofrock‘n’rollmusic,_____.A．wascreatedbyElvisPresleyB．wasthemusicians’philosophyC．wasnotpopularamongteenagersintheUKD．wasnamedaftertheriverofthemusicians’hometown13．Whatisthephilosophyof“hippies”mentionedinparagraph2?A．Angertoparents. B．Loveofworldpeace.C．Appreciationoffriendship. D．Dissatisfactionwitheducation.14．Howmanykindsofrockmusicinthe1970sarementioned?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.15．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheHistoryofRock’n’RollB．TheBackgroundoftheBeatlesC．TheDevelopmentofCountryMusicD．AnIntroductiontoMusicoftheTwentiethCentury【答案】12．D13．B14．B15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在20世纪美国不同时期的代表音乐。12．细节理解题。根据第一段第四、五句话“TheyweretheBeatles,andtheycreatedanewformofrock‘n’rollmusiccalledthe“MerseySound”.ThenamecomesfromtheriverMerseyinLiverpool.(美国一直是流行音乐的主要发源地，直到1962年，四位来自英国利物浦的音乐家开始表演。他们是披头士乐队，他们创造了一种新的摇滚乐形式，叫做“默西之声”。这个名字来自利物浦的默西河)”可知，“默西之声”作为一种新的摇滚乐，以音乐家家乡的河流命名的。故选D。13．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句话““Hippies”wantedaworldbasedonloveofpeace.(他们被称为“嬉皮士”，“嬉皮士们”想要一个以热爱和平为基础的世界)”以及最后一句话“TheirphilosophyisinBobDylan’ssong,BlowingintheWind，whichsaysthatwarsarebadfortheworldandwilldoharmtopeace.(他们的哲学体现在鲍勃·迪伦的歌曲《风中吹》中，这首歌说战争对世界不利，也会损害和平)”可推知，“嬉皮士”的哲学是热爱世界和平。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话““GlamRock”，anewformofrockmusic,arrivedintheearly1970s.(“GlamRock”是一种新的摇滚乐形式，出现在20世纪70年代初)”以及第三句话“Inthemid-1970sanotherstyleofmusic,“PunkRock”,appeared.Punkmusicisawaytoexpressthesingers’thoughtandangerwithsociety.(20世纪70年代中期，另一种音乐风格“朋克摇滚”出现了)”可知，20世纪70年代的摇滚乐有两种。故选B。15．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在20世纪美国不同时期的代表音乐。所以“二十世纪音乐介绍”适合作本文的标题。故选D。【甘肃省武威市四校联考2023-2024学年高三试题】Asweallknow,insectscanberemarkablyagile(灵活的)inflight.Thisisreallyhardtobuildintoflyingrobots,butMITAssistantProfessorKevinYufengChenhasdevelopedaninsect-sizeddrone(无人机)thatapproachesinsects’agility.Typically,dronesrequirewideopenspaces.“Ifwelookatmostdronestoday,they’reusuallyquitebig,”saysChen.“Mostoftheirapplicationsinvolveflyingoutdoors.Thequestionis:Canyoucreateaninsect-sizeddronethatcanmovearoundinverycrowdedandcomplexspaces?”AccordingtoChen,heovercamemanyproblemswhenbuildingthedrone.Theinsect-sizeddronerequiresafundamentallydifferentconstructionfromalargerone.Thelargedroneisusuallypoweredbyamotor,butthemotorlosesefficiencyasyoushrinkit.So,Chensays,“Foraninsect-sizeddrone,youneedtolookforalternatives.”Theprincipalalternativeuntilnowhasbeenemployingasmall,rigidactuator(执行器)builtfromnewmaterials.Chendesignedamoreagiletinydroneusingsoftactuatorsinsteadofhardones.Eachactuatorcanbeatnearly500timespersecondandweighsjust0.6gram,approximatelythemassofalargebee.Itgivesthedroneinsect-likeagility.“Youcanhititwhenit’sflying,anditcanrecover,”saysChen.“Itcanalsoturnoverintheair.”Thedronelooksabitlikeatinycassettetapewithwings,thoughChenisalsoworkingonanewoneshapedlikeadragonfly.Chensayshisdronecanbeusefulinindustryandagriculture.Itcanperformmachineryinspectionstoensuresafetyandfunction.Itspotentialapplicationsincludecompletingsearch-and-rescuemissionsfollowingadisaster.“Allthosethingscanbeverydifficultforexistinglarge-scaledrones,”Chenexplains.28．WhatcanweknowabouttheactuatordesignedbyChen?A．Itweighsaboutsixgrams.B．Itdrivestheinsect-sizeddrone.C．Itlosesefficiencytoomuch.D．Itemploysconventionalmaterials.29．WhichwordcanbestdescribeChen’swork?A．Easy. B．Costly. C．Fruitless. D．Challenging.30．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusaboutthenewdrone?A．Itssafetystandards. B．Itsflyingrange.C．Itspossibleapplications. D．Itsdesignprinciple.31．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．AnInsect-likeSmallDroneB．TheFutureofInsect-sizedDronesC．HowDronesWillChangetheAgricultureD．WhatChallengeDroneDevelopmentFaces【答案】28．B29．D30．C31．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院助理教授Chen研发出一款像昆虫一样的无人机。28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thelargedroneisusuallypoweredbyamotor,butthemotorlosesefficiencyasyoushrinkit.So,Chensays,“Foraninsect-sizeddrone,youneedtolookforalternatives.”Theprincipalalternativeuntilnowhasbeenemployingasmall,rigidactuator(执行器)builtfromnewmaterials.Chendesignedamoreagiletinydroneusingsoftactuatorsinsteadofhardones.”（大型无人机通常由电机驱动，但当你缩小它时，电机就会失去效率。因此，Chen说：“对于昆虫大小的无人机，你需要寻找替代品。”到目前为止，主要的替代方案是使用一种由新材料制成的小型刚性执行器。Chen设计了一种更灵活的微型无人机，使用软驱动器而不是硬驱动器。）可知，关于Chen设计的执行器，我们知道它驱动昆虫大小的无人机。故选B项。29．推理判断题。根据第三段中“AccordingtoChen,heovercamemanyproblemswhenbuildingthedrone.Theinsect-sizeddronerequiresafundamentallydifferentconstructionfromalargerone.Thelargedroneisusuallypoweredbyamotor,butthemotorlosesefficiencyasyoushrinkit.”（据Chen说，他在制造无人机时克服了许多问题。昆虫大小的无人机与大型无人机的结构完全不同。大型无人机通常由电机驱动，但当你缩小它时，电机就会失去效率。）可推断，Chen的研发工作很有挑战性。故选D项。30．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Chensayshisdronecanbeusefulinindustryandagriculture.Itcanperformmachineryinspectionstoensuresafetyandfunction.Itspotentialapplicationsincludecompletingsearch-and-rescuemissionsfollowingadisaster.”（Chen说他的无人机在工业和农业上都很有用。它可以进行机械检查，以确保安全和功能。它的潜在应用包括完成灾难后的搜索和救援任务。）可知，最后一段主要介绍了“昆虫无人机”的预期应用情况。故选C项。31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Thisisreallyhardtobuildintoflyingrobots,butMITAssistantProfessorKevinYufengChenhasdevelopedaninsect-sizeddrone(无人机)thatapproachesinsects’agility.”（这真的很难植入飞行机器人中，但麻省理工学院助理教授KevinYufengChen已经开发出一种昆虫大小的无人机，接近昆虫的敏捷性。）可知，本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院助理教授Chen研发出一款像昆虫一样的小型无人机。故文章最适合的标题是“一种类似昆虫的小型无人机”。故选A项。【吉林省Best友好联合体2023-2024学年高三质检试题】Over1in10youngadultsintheUnitedStatesregularlyusee-cigarettes,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Thestudy,conductedbytheCDC’sNationalCenterforHealthStatistics,providesasnapshot(大致印象)ofe-cigaretteusein2021.BasedondatafromtheNationalHealthInterviewSurvey,thereportidentifiedthate-cigaretteusegenerallydeclinedasfamilyincomeincreased.Adultsunder44weremorelikelytobedualusersofbothcigarettesande-cigarettes.PreviousfindingsfromtheNationalHealthInterviewSurveyhaveshownthatcigaretteusehasfallentorecordlows.E-cigarettes,however,haveflaredinpopularity.From2020to2022,e-cigarettesalesjumpedintheUnitedStates,to22.7millionproductssoldeachmonth,accordingtopreviousCDCresearch.Morebrands—particularlyofdisposablee-cigaretteproducts—enteredthemarket,whilefruitandcandyflavorsthatappealtoyoungeraudiencessurgedinpopularity.Thenewdataindicatesthatalittleunder1in20adultsreportedin2021thattheywerecurrente-cigaretteusers,withslightlyhigherratesamongmenthanwomen.Youngadults,betweentheagesof18and24,usede-cigarettesthemost,with11%indicatingthattheyactivelyconsumedtheproducts.Aspeoplegotolder,thestudyfound,ratesofe-cigaretteusedropped—buttraditionalcigaretteusesteadilyclimbed.About11.4%ofsurveyrespondentsover45saidtheycurrentlysmokedcigarettes.ForDr.JoannaCohen,directoroftheInstituteforGlobalTobaccoControlatJohnsHopkinsUniversity,theyoungdemographic(人群)ofe-cigaretteusersisworrying.Youngpeoplewhohaveneversmokedcigarettes—ratherthanoldercigaretteuserstryingtobreakthehabit—makeupthebulkofe-cigaretteconsumers.“Ife-cigaretteswerebeingusedaswewouldhope,theonlypeoplewhoshouldusethemarethosewhoareusingthemtoquitsmoking,”saidCohen,whowasnotinvolvedwiththenewresearch.“Youwillseeverydifferentpatterns.”8．ThestudyconductedbytheCDC’sNationalCenterforHealthStatisticsshowsthat____.A．mostoftheyoungadultsintheUSoftenusee-cigarettesB．high-incomearefamiliesinclinedtousee-cigarettesC．bothe-cigarettesandcigarettesareusedbyadultsover44D．cigaretteshavefailedinpopularity9．Accordingtonewdata,whatdoweknowaboute-cigarettes?A．E-cigarettesalesslightlyincreasedfrom2020to2022.B．Morechoicesofe-cigarettesforyoungadultsappearedinthemarket.C．Previousmalee-cigarettesusersoutnumberedthefemaleones.D．Themajorityoftheaged18to24indicatesthattheywereactivee-cigarettesconsumers.10．WhatcanbelearnedfromDr.JoannaCohen’sstatement?A．Younge-cigarettesusersworryaboutthedevelopmentofcigarettes.B．Oldercigaretteusersoftenusee-cigarettestoquitsmoking.C．E-cigarettescanbeusedtoquitsmoking.D．E-cigarettesarebeingusedasCohenhoped.11．Whatwilltheauthordiscussinthefollowingparagraph?A．Theproperuseofe-cigarettes. B．Differentpatternsofe-cigarettes.C．Tipsonhowtoquitsmoking. D．Furthercriticismtowardse-cigarettes.【答案】8．D9．B10．C11．A【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国疾病控制与预防中心的一份新报告，该报告显示美国超过十分之一的年轻人经常使用电子烟。8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“BasedondatafromtheNationalHealthInterviewSurvey,thereportidentifiedthate-cigaretteusegenerallydeclinedasfamilyincomeincreased.(根据全国健康访谈调查的数据，该报告发现，随着家庭收入的增加，电子烟的使用量普遍下降)”以及第三段“PreviousfindingsfromtheNationalHealthInterviewSurveyhaveshownthatcigaretteusehasfallentorecordlows.(此前全国健康访谈调查的结果显示，香烟使用量已降至历史最低水平)”可知，香烟不像以前那样受欢迎。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Morebrands—particularlyofdisposablee-cigaretteproducts—enteredthemarket,whilefruitandcandyflavorsthatappealtoyoungeraudiencessurgedinpopularity.(越来越多的品牌——尤其是一次性电子烟产品——进入了市场，而吸引年轻受众的水果和糖果口味的电子香烟也越来越受欢迎。)”可知，市场上出现了更多针对年轻人的电子烟选择，有水果和糖果口味。故选B。10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Ife-cigaretteswerebeingusedaswewouldhope,theonlypeoplewhoshouldusethemarethosewhoareusingthemtoquitsmoking,”saidCohen,whowasnotinvolvedwiththenewresearch.“Youwillseeverydifferentpatterns.”(“如果电子烟像我们希望的那样被使用，那么唯一应该使用它们的人就是那些用它们来戒烟的人。”Cohen说，她没有参与这项新研究。“你会看到非常不同的模式。”)”可知，Cohen认为电子烟可以用来戒烟。故选C。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ife-cigaretteswerebeingusedaswewouldhope,theonlypeoplewhoshouldusethemarethosewhoareusingthemtoquitsmoking,”saidCohen,whowasnotinvolvedwiththenewresearch.“Youwillseeverydifferentpatterns.”(“如果电子烟像我们希望的那样被使用，那么唯一应该使用它们的人就是那些用它们来戒烟的人。”Cohen说，她没有参与这项新研究。“你会看到非常不同的模式。”)”可推知，接下来将会介绍如何正确使用电子烟。故选A。【黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试卷】Theexhibit,DigitalDunhuang—TalesofHeavenandEarth,whichwasheldattheHongKongHeritageMuseum,broughttoHongKongmorethan100exhibitsincludingthevisualmuralsandotherrelatedprogramsthatcouldallowvisitorstolearnabouttheartandhistoryoftheMogaoCavesinafunway.“Dunhuangwasaninternationalcity,aplacewhereEastmetWest,ontheoldSilkRoad.SotheMogaoCaves,whichwerecompletedinaperiodofover1,000years,recordthewaysoflifeandbeliefsofthedifferentpeoplesthatcrossedpathsthere,”explainedFionLinofHongKongHeritageMuseum.Visitorscannowgetupcloseandpersonalwiththesefarawaytreasureswithouthavingtostepintothecaves,thankstothedigitizationprojectoftheDunhuangAcademy,apioneerthathasmadegreatprogressinthedigitizationand3DscanningoftheDunhuangtreasures.“Studieshaveshownthatinacave,bothtemperatureandCO2concentrationlevelcanrisewith15touristsinsidefortenminutes.Asaresult,thewallpaintingsaregoingtoeventuallyfade.Digitaltechnologyhashelpedtostrikeabalancebetweensharingthetreasuresandprotectingthem,”saidLin.However,digitizationofthecavesfacesmanychallengessuchaspoorlightingandroughwallsurfaces.Onaverage,40,000pictureshavetobetakentocover300m2.Greatamountofeffortshavebeenmadetopiecethepicturestogether.Whattheexhibitionpresentedistheresultofyearsofhardwork.Duringtheexhibitionperiod,aminidisplayonDunhuangmusicculturewasalsobeingheldattheMuseumforpublicparticipation.8．WhatcouldvisitorsseeattheDigitalDunhuangexhibit?A．TheMogaoCaves. B．About40,000Dunhuangpictures.C．DigitalDunhuangwallpaintings. D．AncientrecordsofDunhuang.9．WhatisthesignificanceofthedigitizationprojectoftheDunhuangAcademy?A．IthelpsDunhuangbecomeaninternationalcity.B．ItletspeoplebetterappreciatetheDunhuangart.C．ItiseffectiveincuttingtheCO₂levelinthecaves.D．ItattractsmoretouristsfromEastandWesttoHongKong.10．WhatdoweknowabouttheDunhuangwallpaintings?A．Theyarebrightlylit. B．Theyareveryrough.C．Itisveryhardtoprotectthem. D．Itisimpossibleforthetouriststoseethem.11．Wherecanyoufindtheevidencethatsupports“digitizationofthecavesisn’teasy”?A．Inparagraph2. B．Inparagraph3.C．Inparagraph4. D．Inparagraph5.【答案】8．C9．B10．C11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在香港举办的“数码敦煌”展的具体情况及其对比传统展览的优势和克服的数字化难题。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Theexhibit,DigitalDunhuang—TalesofHeavenandEarth,whichwasheldattheHongKongHeritageMuseum,broughttoHongKongmorethan100exhibitsincludingthevisualmuralsandotherrelatedprogramsthatcouldallowvisitorstolearnabouttheartandhistoryoftheMogaoCavesinafunway.(这场名为“数码敦煌——天地传说”的展览在香港文化博物馆举行，为香港带来了100多件展品，包括视觉壁画和其他相关项目，让游客以有趣的方式了解莫高窟的艺术和历史)”可知，在香港的“数码敦煌”展上，展出了虚拟壁画，游客们可以看到虚拟的敦煌壁画。故选C项。9．推理判断题。根据第三段“Visitorscannowgetupcloseandpersonalwiththesefarawaytreasureswithouthavingtostepintothecaves,thankstothedigitizationprojectoftheDunhuangAcademy,apioneerthathasmadegreatprogressinthedigitizationand3DscanningoftheDunhuangtreasures.(由于敦煌研究院的数字化项目，游客现在可以近距离接触这些遥远的宝藏，而不必走进洞穴。敦煌研究院在敦煌宝藏的数字化和3D扫描方面取得了巨大进展)”可知，敦煌研究院的数字化项目给游客提供了一种新的方式，让他们在不进入洞窟的情况下欣赏这些遥远的珍宝。由此推知，敦煌研究院的数字化项目的意义是让人们更好地欣赏敦煌艺术。故选B项。10．推理判断题。根据第四段前两句“Studieshaveshownthatinacave,bothtemperatureandCO2concentrationlevelcanrisewith15touristsinsidefortenminutes.Asaresult,thewallpaintingsaregoingtoeventuallyfade.(研究表明，在洞穴中，如果有15名游客在洞穴中停留10分钟，温度和二氧化碳浓度都会上升。从而导致洞内的壁画褪色)”可推知，敦煌壁画很难保护。故选C项。11．推理判断题。根据第五段“However,digitizationofthecavesfacesmanychallengessuchaspoorlightingandroughwallsurfaces.Onaverage,40,000pictureshavetobetakentocover300m2.Greatamountofeffortshavebeenmadetopiecethepicturestogether.Whattheexhibitionpresentedistheresultofyearsofhardwork.(然而，洞穴的数字化面临着许多挑战，如光线不足和粗糙的墙面。平均每300平方米需要拍摄4万张照片。人们花了很大的力气把这些图画拼凑起来。这次展览展示的是多年努力工作的结果)”可推知，该段描述了洞窟数字化面临的许多挑战，是洞窟数字化并不容易的证据。故选D项。【吉林省长春外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题】TheAustralianaccentdevelopedbecausesomanyearlysettlersweredrunk.DeanFrenkel,acommunicationsexpertatVictoriaUniversityinMelbourne,saidthatthefirstBritisharrivalstothecountryweresuchbigdrinkersthatthedistortion(失真)totheirspeechcausedaverbalchangethatpersiststothisday.AcademicMr.FrenkelwroteintheAustraliannewspaperTheAge,“Ourforefathersregularlygotdrunktogether,andthroughtheirfrequentinteractionsaddedanalcoholicslur(模糊)toournationalspeechpatterns.Forthepasttwocenturies,fromgenerationtogeneration,thedrunkenAustralianaccentcontinuestobetaughtbyparentstotheirchildren.”Mr.Frenkelcontinued,“TheaverageAustralianspeakstojusttwo-thirdscapacity—withone-thirdofourspeakingmusclesalwayskeepstillasiflyingonthecouch.Missingconsonants(辅音)canincludemissing“t”s(Impordant),“l”s(Austraya)and“s”s(yesh),whilemanyofourvowels(元音)arelazilytransformedintoothervowels,especially“a”sto“e”s(stending)and“i”sto“oi”s(noight).”TheAustralianaccenthashistoricallylackedregionalvariationbecausealthoughthecommunitiesbeganasisolated(孤立的)settlements,therewasagreatdealofinternalmigration,particularlyfromSydneywherethefirstaccentbegan.ThemostcommonfearpeoplehaveabouttheAustralianaccentisthatit’sbecomingmoreAmericanized.ButDr.FelicityCox,anassociateprofessoroflinguisticsatMacquarieUniversity,saidthataccentsareremarkablyresistanttochangefromfactorssuchassocialmedia,andaslongaspeoplewanttobeknownasAustralian,theywillkeepthedistinctiveAustraliansound.Itwillalwaysremainastrongmarkerofnationalidentity.8．WhatmakestheAustralianaccentspecial?A．Verbalpatternsofnativespeakers.B．Earlyresidents’customofdrinkingalcohol.C．Frequentinteractionswithforeigncountries.D．ThepopularityoftheBritisheducationsystem.9．HowmayAustralianspronouncetheword“light”?A．Loight. B．Leght. C．Lighs. D．Lighd.10．WhataccountsforthelackofregionaldifferencesinAustralianaccents?A．Smallnumbersofpopulations. B．Isolatedgeographicallocations.C．Similarlifestyleamongresidents. D．Largemigrationswithinthecountry.11．WhatcanwelearnabouttheAustralianaccentaccordingtoDrFelicityCox?A．Ithasbecomemorediversethanever.B．Ithasbeengreatlyinfluencedbysocialmedia.C．ItisauniquesymbolofAustralianidentity.D．ItchangesalotbasedonAmericanpronunciationrules.【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述澳大利亚口音的发展的成因以及特色和意义。8．细节理解题。由文章第一段“TheAustralianaccentdevelopedbecausesomanyearlysettlersweredrunk.DeanFrenkel,acommunicationsexpertatVictoriaUni