甘肃省定西市英才高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

试卷第=page88页，共=sectionpages99页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages1010页甘肃省定西市英才高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解JOBSATHOLKERGraduateDataAnalystFollowingarecentreorganisationwithintheHolkerGroup,anewroleofGraduateDataAnalystistobecreatedtosupporttheHolkerGroupReportingFunction.Thisisanewgivenworkingwithinasmallteam.Althoughbasicallywearelookingfordataanalyst/reportingskills,therewillbeaneedtoaccepttasksinotherareasoftheIT/Businesscycle.SkillRequirements:Asadataanalyst,youwillneedto●Developandtrackkeyperformanceindicators,usingdatadashboards,graphsandvisualisations.●Manipulate,analyseandinterpretcomplexdatasetsrelatingtotheemployer’sbusiness.●Mineandanalyselargeanddiversedatasets,drawingoutkeyinformationandpresentingthemsuccessfullytomanagementusingMicrosoftBI.●Preparereportsforinternalandexternalstakeholdersusingbusinessanalyticsreportingtools.●Gather,understandanddocumentdetailedbusinessrequirementsusingappropriatetoolsandtechniques.●Identifyareastoincreaseefficiencyandautomationofprocesses.●Developrecordsmanagementprocessesandpolicies.●Identify,evaluateandimplementexternalservicesandtoolstosupportdatavalidationandcleansing.Salary:£20-25kdependentonexperienceHours:Normalofficehoursare9:00amto5:00pmbutthepersonappointed(委任的)willberequiredtoworkextrahoursthatarereasonablyrequiredtoachievetheirduties.StaffBenefits(员工福利):●YearlyLeave●CompanyPension●CompanyDiscounts●FreeOn-siteparkingPleaseapplyprovidingyourCV(简历)andcoveringlettertoGlynBiggs–Glyn@holker.co.ukorbymailtoTheEstateOffice,Cark-in-Cartmel,Grange-over-Sands,CumbriaLA117PHClosingdateforapplications:16thOctober2022.1．WhoisfitforthejobwantedatHolker?A．Asoftwaredesigner. B．Anactivityplanner.C．Agraduatedataanalyst. D．Anadvancedbusinessmanager.2．Whichofthefollowingcanyouhaveifyouareemployed?A．Salaryofover£25,000. B．Workinghoursofover8.C．Freeparkingoutside. D．Paidyearlyleave.3．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anapplicationletter. B．Asciencereport.C．Anacademicarticle. D．Acompanywebsite.【答案】1．C2．B3．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是霍尔克集团的招聘广告。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“FollowingarecentreorganisationwithintheHolkerGroup,anewroleofGraduateDataAnalystistobecreatedtosupporttheHolkerGroupReportingFunction.(霍尔克集团最近进行了一次重组，将设立一个新的职位——毕业数据分析师，以支持霍尔克集团的报告功能)”可知，霍尔克集团要招聘毕业数据分析师。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据粗体字Salary部分中“£20-25kdependentonexperience(2-2.5万英镑，视经验而定)”可知，工资最高是2.5万英镑，不会超过，A错误。根据粗体字Hours部分中“Normalofficehoursare9:00amto5:00pmbutthepersonappointedwillberequiredtoworkextrahoursthatarereasonablyrequiredtoachievetheirduties.(正常办公时间为上午九时至下午五时，但受聘人员须在履行职责所需的合理情况下加班)”可知，工作时间是会超过八小时，所以B选项正确。再根据粗体字StaffBenefits部分中的“YearlyLeave(年假)”和“FreeOn-siteparking(免费现场停车)”可知，并没有说是带薪年假，所以D选项错误，也没有室外免费停车，所以C项错误。故选B项。3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“PleaseapplyprovidingyourCVandcoveringlettertoGlynBiggs–Glyn@holker.co.ukorbymailtoTheEstateOffice,Cark-in-Cartmel,Grange-over-Sands,CumbriaLA117PH(请将您的简历和求职信发送至GlynBiggs-Glyn@holker.co.uk或通过邮件发送至TheEstateOffice,Cark-in-Cartmel,Grange-over-Sands,CumbriaLA117PH)”可知，这是一篇招聘广告，所以能从该公司网站上看到。故选D项。Ihadjustdeliveredamemorizedspeech,andIwasabouttolearnhowthejudgesdecidedmyperformance.Theaudienceleanedforwardandaperiodofsilencefellacrosstheroom.Ifeltthedrumrolledinmyheart.Thethird-placewinnerwasannounced.Thenamewasnotmine.Thenthesecond-placewinner,stillnotme.Atlast,themomentoftruthcame.Iwasabouttoeitherenjoythewarmthofvictoryorregretthemonths’preparation.Myheartfeltclosertothelatter.Losingisapartoflife,andIhavedealtwithitonmorethanoneoccasion.However,itwasanindescribablefeelingtodrivea200-mileroundtripgetupveryearlyonafreezingSaturdaymorning,andyetstillfinishfourthoutoffourcompetitorsinmygroup.AfterLincolnlostthe1858IllinoisSenaterace,hesaid,“Ifeltlikethe12-year-oldboywhokickedhistoe.Iwastoobigtocryandithurttoobadtolaugh.”Ohyeah,Icouldrelate.IhadspentmanyhoursinfrontofacomputerandinlibrariesdoingresearchfortheLincolnBicentennialSpeechContest.Afternotplacinginthefirstyearofthecontest,Ireallywantedtocompeteagain.Lincolnhadmanyfailures,butheneverallowedthemtodefeathisspiritorambition,soIwasnotgoingtogiveuponasecondcontest!Ireworkedmyspeechforthefollowingyear,butagainIdidnotplace.Icouldn’tacceptthefactthatIfailedtwiceinsomethingthatIhadworkedsohardon,untilIthoughtaboutmyhero.Nevermindthelostprizemoneyandpraise.ThroughlearningstoriesaboutLincoln,IdiscoveredthatIcanfailsuccessfully.4．Howdidtheauthorfeelafterfinishinghisspeech?A．Excited B．RelaxedC．Nervous D．Confident5．WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraph3?A．Hewasdisappointedwithhispreparations.B．Hehurthistoesonthewaytothelibrary.C．Hegotuplateonthedayofthecontest.D．Hewasbottomofhisgroup.6．Whatmadetheauthordecidetoenterthesecondcontest?A．Thewarmthofthevictory. B．TheinspirationfromLincoln.C．Hiseagernessfortheprizemoney. D．Hisdesiretoshowhimselfonthestage.7．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Learntofailsuccessfully B．Nevermindothers’judgmentsC．Lincoln—myhero D．Losing—anindescribablefeeling【答案】4．C5．D6．B7．A【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者认真准备演讲比赛后还是输掉了比赛，十分伤心，他用林肯的话和经历来鼓励自己正确面对生活中的失败：学会成功地失败。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“Ifeltthedrumrolledinmyheart.(我感觉到鼓在我心里滚来滚去。)”可知，作者很紧张。故选C项。5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“However,itwasanindescribablefeelingtodrivea200-mileroundtripgetupveryearlyonafreezingSaturdaymorning,andyetstillfinishfourthoutoffourcompetitorsinmygroup.(然而，在一个寒冷的周六早上很早起床，驾车往返200英里，却在我们组的四名选手中名列第四，这是一种难以言表的感觉。)”可知，作者在本组选手中位列末尾名次。选项D“Hewasbottomofhisgroup.(他是他那组的最后一名。)”与原文信息表达一致。故选D项。6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Lincolnhadmanyfailures,butheneverallowedthemtodefeathisspiritorambition,soIwasnotgoingtogiveuponasecondcontest!(林肯有过很多失败，但是他从来没有让失败打败他的精神和雄心，所以我不打算在第二次比赛中放弃!)”可知，是林肯的精神鼓舞了作者再次参加比赛。故选B项。7．主旨大意题。通过阅读可知，文章为记叙文，结构为分总结构，主要讲述了作者认真准备演讲比赛后还是输掉了比赛，十分伤心，他用林肯的话和经历来鼓励自己正确面对生活中的失败，在文章末尾点明文章主旨“ThroughlearningstoriesaboutLincoln,IdiscoveredthatIcanfailsuccessfully.(通过学习林肯的故事，我发现我也可以成功地失败。)”。选项A“Learntofailsuccessfully(学会成功地失败)”贴合主旨要义，可作最佳标题。故选A项。【点睛】确定标题的方法之寻找文章主旨句了解文章的主要论题的关键是找到全文的主旨句。对于记叙文来说，篇章结构一般为总分总结构或分总结构，因此，主旨句有时在首段，但也有主旨句出现在末尾的时候。出现在末尾的主旨句是对文章主题的升华，由此判断标题会更加准确。比如文章的第4小题：4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Learntofailsuccessfully

B.Nevermindothers’judgmentsC.Lincoln—myhero

D.Losing—anindescribablefeeling该题要求选择最佳标题。通过阅读文章可知，文章结构为分总结构，主旨句在末尾出现，即：ThroughlearningstoriesaboutLincoln,IdiscoveredthatIcanfailsuccessfully.选项A“Learntofailsuccessfully”与该主旨句表达相同，为最佳标题。因此本题的答案为A项。TheUnitedStateshasabout475,000schoolbusesallpaintedyellow.Eachdaytheycarrymorethan25,000,000children,halfofallschoolchildreninthecountry.Butthesebuses,onaverage,usefourlitersofdiesel（柴油）fueltotravellessthansixteenkilometers.Whentheschoolyearbeganlastfall,dieselaveraged55centsaliternationally.Thepricenearlydoubled,toadollarand8cents,bytheendofschoolinJune.BobRileyspeaksfortheAmericanSchoolBusCouncil.Hesaysfuelpricesforschoolsarenotmuchlowerthanothershavetopay.Asaresult,schoolsarelookingforwaystoreducetransportationcosts.Busroutesarebeingredrawnor,insomecases,canceled.Someareasarebuyingbusesthatusenaturalgasorotheralternativefuels.Otherstepsincludefewerfieldtripsandlesstravelbysportsteams.Andsomeschooldistrictsmayendanybusservicenotrequiredbylaw.Studiesshowthatschoolbusesarethesafestformoftransportationtoandfromschool.TheAmericanSchoolBusCouncilsayscutsinbusservicearebadforchildrenandpossiblytheenvironment.Itsaysremovingbusesfromtheroadwillmeananincreaseinothervehiclestransportingstudents.SpokesmanBobRileysaysanotherconcernisthatreducingbusservicesmightreduceattendance.Butitcouldalsogetmorechildrentowalkorbicycletoschool.AndthatwouldsurelymakepeoplehappyattheNationalCenterforSafeRoutestoSchool.Morekidswalkingorbikingsafelytoschoolistheaimofathree-year-oldfederalprogram,partofaninternationalmovement.Thegoalistoincreasephysicalactivityandreduceairpollution.TheUnitedStateswillcelebrateWalktoSchoolDayonOctobereighththisyear.Butforsomestudents,highfuelpricescouldmakeeverydayawalk-to-schoolday.8．Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?A．Highfuelprices’influencesonschoolbuses.B．Newmeasurestotransportschoolstudents.C．Thesafestformofstudenttransportation.D．TheoriginofWalktoSchoolDay.9．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．Cutsinbusservicewillhavenegativeresults.B．TheUSgovernmentisencouragingcutsinbusservices.C．TheUSschoolsaresearchingforthesafesttransportationmeans.D．Reducingbusservicewilldoalotofgoodtotheenvironment.10．Inordertocutdowntransportationcost,manyschoolstakethefollowingmeasuresEXCEPT__.A．changingsomebusroutesB．stoppingsomebusroutesC．askingparentstodrivechildrentoandfromschoolD．usingothertypesoffuels11．TheNationalCenterforSafeRoutestoSchoolencouragesmorechildrentowalkorbiketoschoolinorderto____.A．savemorefuelsanddieselforthecountryB．keepthechildrensafeontheirwaytoschoolC．makethechildrenliveasimplelifeD．keepthechildrenhealthyandtheenvironmentclean【答案】8．A9．A10．C11．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述校车由于柴油价格的增长被做调整甚至取消，这将可能对学生不利，但是也可能让跟多的学生选择走路或者骑车上学。8．主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，第二段的第二句“Hesaysfuelpricesforschoolsarenotmuchlowerthanothershavetopay.”和第三句“Asaresult,schoolsarelookingforwaystoreducetransportationcosts.”表示的是他说学校燃油价格比起其他人需要支付的并不更少。这导致，学校正在寻找可以减少交通成本的方法。第三段的第二句“TheAmericanSchoolBusCouncilsayscutsinbusservicearebadforchildrenandpossiblytheenvironment.”表示的是这个美国校车委员会表示校车服务的减少对儿童以及环境都是有坏处的。第四段的第一句“Butitcouldalsogetmorechildrentowalkorbicycletoschool.”表示的是但是它也可能让更多的儿童走路或者骑车去上学。由此可见，全文主要是在讲燃油价格对校车产生影响，从而对学生上学也造成了影响。结合选项可知，选项A正确。9．推理判断题。由第三段的第二句“TheAmericanSchoolBusCouncilsayscutsinbusservicearebadforchildrenandpossiblytheenvironment.”可知，这个美国校车委员会表示校车服务的减少对儿童以及环境都是有坏处的。由此可见，校车服务的减少会带来消极的结果。结合选项可知，选项A正确。10．细节理解题。由第二段的第四句“Busroutesarebeingredrawnor,insomecases,canceled.”和第五句“Someareasarebuyingbusesthatusenaturalgasorotheralternativefuels.”可知，校车路线被再次规划，或者在某些情况下，被取消。一些地区将购买使用天然气或者其他替代燃料的公交车。由此可见，为了减少交通成本，很多学校采取了改变一些校车路线，取消一些校车路线，或者使用其他燃料。结合选项可知，选项C表达的是“要求父母开车送孩子上下学”，这并未提及。故选C。11．细节理解题。由最后一段的第四句“Thegoalistoincreasephysicalactivityandreduceairpollution.”可知，这个目的是为了提高体能活动并且减少空气污染。由此可见，国家安全上学路线中心鼓励更多的孩子走路或者骑车去上学是为了保持孩子们的健康和干净的环境。结合选项可知，选项D正确。Everyyear,companieslikeGoPromanagetopackmoreandmorefunctionsintosmallerandsmalleractioncamerasthatarelessnoticeabletowear.ButateamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofWashingtonhavemanagedtobuildalive-streamingwirelesscamerathat’ssosmallthatevenaninsectcanwearit.It’snotquitesmallandlightenoughtobeheldtoafly,butataround250milligrams,thecamerawassuccessfullycarriedbyabeetle.Althoughthecamerainsideamodernsmartphoneiscertainlytiny,it’stoolargeandheavyforaninsecttocarryoncethebatteriesareadded.Capturingmillionsofpixels（像素）witheveryshotrequiresalotofimageprocessing,whichinturnrequiresalotofpower.Takinganalternateroute,theresearcherscopiednature’sapproachtohowfliesseetheworld.Theirlargecompoundeyescannotonlydetectmotionacross

awidefieldofview（it’swhythey’resodifficulttohit）butalsofeatureasmall,high-resolution（分辨率）regionthatcanfocusontheirtargets,whichhelpsreducetheloadontheirtinybrains.Givenitssizeandlow-powerapproach,thecamera’sstreamingabilitiesaresimilarlylimited,withaBluetoothconnectionthatmaxesoutatadistanceofroughly120meters,requiringaremoteoperatortobefairlyclosetothecameraatalltimes.However,batterylifeissurprisinglydecent.Thecameracanrunforuptotwohours,buttoextendthat,theresearchersincludedanaccelerometersothatit’sonlycapturingandbroadcastingimageswheneverthebeetleismovingThatcanincreasethecamera’sbatterylifetooversixhours.Theresearchersacknowledgethattheirdesigncertainlyraisessomeprivacyconcerns,givenhoweasyitisforinsectstofindtheirwayintoyourhome.Butthecameracouldprovideentomologists（昆虫学者）withnewinsightsintohowinsectscrosstheirenvironment,respondtothreatsinthewild,andevenprovideacloserlookattheirsocialstructures.12．Whatisthefeatureofthenewcamera?A．It’ssmall-sizeandlow-weight. B．Ittakesmuchclearerpictures.C．Itcanperformtasksintheopenair. D．Itprotectsbeetlesfromtheirenemies.13．Whatdotheresearcherslearnfromfliesforthenewcamera?A．Howtoenlargeitsvision.B．Howtocapturethetarget.C．Howtosavepowerofitsbattery.D．Howtomakesharpturnsduringflying.14．Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“decent”inParagraph3?A．casual B．adequate C．beneficial D．unsatisfactory15．What’stheauthor’sattitudetothedesignofthenewcamera?A．Critical. B．Doubtful. C．Favorable. D．Objective.【答案】12．A13．A14．A15．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了GoPro公司新研发的一种小到可以使昆虫携带的无线实时摄像头，并介绍了它的功能及原理和所存在的一些缺陷。12．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“ButateamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofWashingtonhavemanagedtobuildalive-streamingwirelesscamerathat’ssosmallthatevenaninsectcanwearit.”（但华盛顿大学的一组研究人员已经成功制造出了一种无线实时摄像装置，它非常小，连昆虫都可以戴上它。）可知，这种新摄像头既小又轻。故选A项。13．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Theirlargecompoundeyescannotonlydetectmotionacrossawidefieldofview（it’swhythey’resodifficulttohit）butalsofeatureasmall,high-resolution（分辨率）regionthatcanfocusontheirtargets,whichhelpsreducetheloadontheirtinybrains.”(它们的大复眼不仅可以在广阔的视野中检测运动（这就是为什么它们很难被击中），而且还具有一个小的、高分辨率的区域，可以聚焦在它们的目标上，这有助于减少它们微小的大脑的负荷。)可知，研究人员为摄像机从苍蝇身上学习到的是如何扩大摄像机的视野。故选A项。14．词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Thecameracanrunforuptotwohours,buttoextendthat,theresearchersincludedanaccelerometersothatit’sonlycapturingandbroadcastingimageswheneverthebeetleismovingThatcanincreasethecamera’sbatterylifetooversixhours.”（这种相机可以运行两个小时，但为了延长时间，研究人员还安装了一个加速计，这样它就只在甲虫移动的时候捕捉和播放图像，这样相机的电池寿命就可以延长到六个小时以上。）可知，这种电池只是暂时的，研究人员还在改进中，而A项casual临时的，非正式的，符合题意。故选A项。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Theresearchersacknowledgethattheirdesigncertainlyraisessomeprivacyconcerns,givenhoweasyitisforinsectstofindtheirwayintoyourhome.”（研究人员承认，他们的设计确实引起了一些隐私问题，因为昆虫很容易找到进入你家的路。）以及最后一句“Butthecameracouldprovideentomologists（昆虫学者）withnewinsightsintohowinsectscrosstheirenvironment,respondtothreatsinthewild,andevenprovideacloserlookattheirsocialstructures.”(但这架相机可以让昆虫学家对昆虫如何穿越环境、如何应对野外威胁有新的认识，甚至可以更仔细地观察昆虫的社会结构。)可以推知，虽然这款相机可能会侵犯人类的隐私，但也对昆虫研究起一些帮助。可以看出作者对这款摄像机的设计仍怀有怀疑态度。故选B项。【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意：1.排除干扰项，突出主题。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，一目十行。发现细节，十目一行，放慢速度，仔细核对比较，直到找到正确答案。二、七选五Movetowardsnaturewhenfeelingdown.Miraclesdohappenifyoutry.Accordingtostudies,walkingamongtreesmakesusrelaxed.16There’splentyofresearchshowingthelinkbetweenbeinginnatureandbeinghappy,butmostoftheresearchhasfocusedonadults.17Explainingthemotivationbehindthestudy,researchersnotethatwithenvironmentalissuessuchasglobalwarming,morestudiesarefocusingontherelationshipsbetweenhumansandnaturetofindsolutionstotheseproblems,andthefutureoftheplanetliesinthehandsofchildrenandtheiractions.However,fewstudiesfocusonthisaspect.Forthestudy,researchersworkedwith206childrenbetweentheagesof5and15.Tomeasurehowconnectedtheyweretonature,thekidswereaskedhowmuchtheyenjoyactivitieslikeseeingwildflowersandwildanimals,hearingsoundsofnatureandtouchinganimalsandplants.18Theyalsofoundthatthemoreconcernedchildrenwereabouttheenvironmentandnature,themorelikelytheyweretobehappy.So,exposuretonatureisrelatedtoactivebehaviorsandhappinessofchildren.Whatdoesthatmeantoadults?Asweallknow,childrenusuallytendtofollowadults’,especiallytheirparents’behaviors.That’stosay,whenadultsareoutsideandappreciatenature,kidslearnbyexample.19Researcherssaythatchildrenneedrolemodelswhocangentlyguidethemtonaturewithexcitementandanattitudeofalifelonglearner.20What’smoreimportantisthattheyspendtimetogetherwithchildrenbyexploringafunandsafeenvironment.A．It’ssoadventurousgoingforawalkaroundtrees.B．Researcherswillstudymoreabouttheconnectionbetweenchildren’sperformanceandnature.C．Andifparentsenjoybeingclosetonature,sowilltheirchildren.D．Parentsdon’thavetobeexpertsinenvironmentalscienceornaturestudies.E．Theyfoundthatthekidsconnectedtonatureweremorelikelytobehaveproperly.F．Inanewstudy,researcherswantedtoseeifkidsgetthesamebenefitsfrombeingoutdoors.G．Evenjustsmellingthetreeshelpsreduceanxiety.【答案】16．G17．F18．E19．C20．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者在文章中援引研究表明接近自然对孩子成长的重要性。16．根据上文Accordingtostudies,walkingamongtreesmakesusrelaxed.可知根据研究，在树林中散步能使我们放松。由此可知，本句与上文构成递进关系，都是在说明在树林中散步对人的影响。故G选项“即使只是闻一下树木的气味也有助于减轻焦虑”符合语境，故选G。17．根据后文Explainingthemotivationbehindthestudy,researchersnotethatwithenvironmentalissuessuchasglobalwarming,morestudiesarefocusingontherelationshipsbetweenhumansandnaturetofindsolutionstotheseproblems,andthefutureoftheplanetliesinthehandsofchildrenandtheiractions.However,fewstudiesfocusonthisaspect.可知在解释这项研究背后的动机时，研究人员指出，随着全球变暖等环境问题的出现，越来越多的研究关注人类与自然之间的关系，以找到解决这些问题的办法，而地球的未来掌握在孩子和他们的行动手中。由此可知，本句提到了一项新的研究，且F选项中提到的“Inanewstudy”和后句的“Explainingthemotivationbehindthestudy”是同一个研究。故F选项“在一项新的研究中，研究人员想看看孩子们是否从户外活动中得到同样的好处”符合语境，故选F。18．根据后文Theyalsofoundthatthemoreconcernedchildrenwereabouttheenvironmentandnature,themorelikelytheyweretobehappy.可知他们还发现，孩子们越关心环境和自然，他们就越有可能快乐。由此可知，本句与后文构成并列关系，都是在说明研究人员的发现，故E选项“他们发现亲近自然的孩子更有可能行为得体”符合语境，故选E。19．根据上文That’stosay,whenadultsareoutsideandappreciatenature,kidslearnbyexample.可知也就是说，当成年人在户外欣赏大自然时，孩子们会学他们。由此可知，上文与本句前后两句都在讲父母对孩子的影响，前后两句表示并列。故C选项“如果父母喜欢亲近大自然，他们的孩子也会喜欢”符合语境，故选C。20．根据上文Researcherssaythatchildrenneedrolemodelswhocangentlyguidethemtonaturewithexcitementandanattitudeofalifelonglearner.可知研究人员说，孩子们需要榜样，他们可以带着快乐和终身学习者的态度温和地引导他们进入大自然。以及后文What’smoreimportantisthattheyspendtimetogetherwithchildrenbyexploringafunandsafeenvironment.可知更重要的是，他们花时间和孩子们一起探索一个有趣和安全的环境。由此可知，本句起承上启下的作用，给父母一个可以够得着的标准：父母不必成为环境科学和自然研究方面的专家。故D选项“父母不必是环境科学或自然研究方面的专家”符合语境，故选D。三、完形填空WhenIwasyoung,mymothercouldnoteven21a50-centchocolatebarforme.However,insteadoffocusingonpoorness,mymotherselflessly22metofightforsuccesssothatIcouldleada(an)23life.Sheworkedlonghourseverynighttosupportthefamily.24shewouldfindtimetoplaywithmysister,Emily,andme.AlthoughIdidnothavetwoparents,Iwaslovedand25justasmuch.Notalloflife’smilestoneswereeasy.Someevenleft26tastewhenmymothermarriedamaninMaryland.Thefirstfewmonthsweregreat:baseball,dinnerstogetherandmovies.Itfeltlikewewerethe27all-Americanfamily.Thenthings28.Screamingmatchesbetweenmystepfatherandmymotherruineddinners,andheexchangedmovieticketsforwine.Wespentfiveyearslivinginafamilysettingthathadtunedintoa29zone.Toourgreatrelief,theyfinally30andwesettledinTexas,whereMomisstillworkinghardforabetterlife.Now,asIwritethisarticlewithsomedarkchocolateathand,IrealizemyfamilyandIareatthe31pointofourlives.Ihavesucceededbothinmy32andpersonality.Ihavebeen33myhungerforknowledgeandIamto34fromhighschool,notmakingabitterproductofmyenvironment,forIknowhardtimesinlifearealsolearningexperiences.35,likecandy,canbethesweetesttreatofall.21．A．afford B．deliver C．break D．discover22．A．permitted B．pushed C．invited D．warned23．A．independent B．peaceful C．interesting D．comfortable24．A．Instead B．Still C．Otherwise D．Thus25．A．educated B．blamed C．observed D．punished26．A．similar B．strong C．bitter D．common27．A．creative B．healthy C．energetic D．perfect28．A．happened B．continued C．changed D．disappeared29．A．time B．war C．safety D．friend30．A．gatheredround B．movedoff C．brokeup D．wentaway31．A．weakest B．closest C．lowest D．best32．A．work B．study C．politics D．sport33．A．satisfying B．feeling C．controlling D．reducing34．A．suffer B．escape C．graduate D．separate35．A．Patience B．Belief C．Devotion D．Success【答案】21．A22．B23．D24．B25．A26．C27．D28．C29．B30．C31．D32．B33．A34．C35．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者小时候虽然生活贫困，但母亲总是竭尽所能，让自己的孩子们过上舒适的生活。生活中的苦涩与不顺，并不能打倒作者一家。因为作者知道，生活中的艰难时期也是学习的经历。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我年轻的时候，我妈妈甚至买不起一块50美分的巧克力棒给我。A.afford支付得起；B.deliver传送；C.break打破；D.discover发现。根据下文“insteadoffocusingonpoorness”可知，我小时候家里很穷，所以母亲买不起一块50分的巧克力。故选A。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我妈妈没有把注意力集中在贫穷上，而是无私地推动我为成功而奋斗，这样我才能过上舒适的生活。A.permitted允许；B.pushed推；C.invited邀请；D.warned提醒。根据下文“AlthoughIdidnothavetwoparents,Iwaslovedand5justasmuch.”可知，母亲很爱作者，她无私地推动我为成功而努力奋斗。故选B。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.independent独立的；B.peaceful和平的；C.interesting有趣的；D.comfortable舒服的。根据上句“mymotherselflessly2metofightforsuccess”可知，我的母亲无私地推动着我为成功而战，以至于我能过上一种舒适的生活。故选D。24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，她还是会抽出时间和我姐姐艾米莉和我一起玩。A.Instead相反地；B.Still尽管如此；然而；C.Otherwise不然的话；D.Thus因此。根据上句“Sheworkedlonghourseverynighttosupportthefamily.”可知，上下文是转折关系。故选B。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我没有两个父母，但我也受到了同样的爱和教育。A.educated教育；B.blamed惩罚；C.observed观察；D.punished惩罚。根据上文“shewouldfindtimetoplaywithmysister,Emily,andme”可知，母亲每晚工作长时间后仍然找时间和我们玩。说明虽然我没有两个父母，但是我如那般被爱和教育。故选A。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我母亲在马里兰州嫁给一个男人时，有些人甚至留下了苦涩的味道。A.similar相似的；B.strong强壮的；C.bitter痛苦的；D.common普通的。根据下文“Screamingmatchesbetweenmystepfatherandmymotherruineddinners,andheexchangedmovieticketsforwine.”可知，我继父和我母亲的尖叫比赛毁了晚餐。说明有一些甚至给人痛苦的滋味。故选C。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感觉我们是一个完美的全美国家庭。A.creative创造力的；B.healthy健康的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.perfect完美的。根据上句“Thefirstfewmonthsweregreat:baseball,dinnerstogetherandmovies.”可知，最初的几个月很棒：棒球比赛、聚餐和电影。说明似乎我们是完美的美国家庭。故选D。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后事情发生了变化。A.happened发生；B.continued继续；C.changed改变；D.disappeared消失。根据下句“Screamingmatchesbetweenmystepfatherandmymotherruineddinners,andheexchangedmovieticketsforwine.”可知，我继父和我母亲的尖叫比赛毁了晚餐。说明和之前的状态不一样了，事情改变了。故选C。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在一个战区的家庭环境中生活了五年。A.time时间；B.war战争；C.safety安全；D.friend朋友。根据上文“Screamingmatchesbetweenmystepfatherandmymotherruineddinners,andheexchangedmovieticketsforwine.”可知，我继父和我母亲的尖叫比赛毁了晚餐。说明我们花费了五年的时间生活在战争区的家庭里。故选B。30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我们松了一口气的是，他们终于分手了，我们定居在得克萨斯州，妈妈仍在那里为更好的生活而努力工作。A.gathered round聚集；B.moved off离开；C.broke up分手；D.went away离开。根据下句“wesettledinTexas可知，我们定居在德克萨斯州。说明他们最终分手了。故选C。31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我手里拿着一些黑巧克力写这篇文章时，我意识到我和我的家人正处于人生的最佳时刻。A.weakest最弱的；B.closest最紧密的；C.lowest最低的；D.best最好的。根据下句“Ihavesucceededbothinmy12andpersonality.”可知，我在学习和性格上都取得了成功。说明我意识到我的家人和我都到达我们生活最好的时刻。故选D。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在学习和性格上都取得了成功。A.work工作；B.study学习；C.politics政治；D.sport运动。根据后文“Iamto14fromhighschool”可知，我即将毕业于高中。说明我学习和性格都很好。故选B。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在满足我对知识的渴望，我将从高中毕业，而不是因为我的环境而痛苦，因为我知道生活中的艰难时刻也是学习的经历。A.satisfying满意；B.feeling感觉；C.controlling控制；D.reducing减少。根据下句“Iamto14fromhighschool”可知，我即将毕业于高中。说明我一直对我求学的欲望感到满意。故选A。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.suffer遭受；B.escape逃跑；C.graduate毕业；D.separate分开。根据常识可知，此处指我即将毕业于高中。graduatefrom意为“从……毕业”。故选C。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功就像糖果一样，是最甜蜜的享受。A.Patience耐心；B.Belief相信；C.Devotion奉献；D.Success成功。根据上文“Ihavesucceededbothinmy12andpersonality.”可知，我取得了成功，成功就像糖果一样，是最甜蜜的享受。故选D。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3个单词）。Tabletennisfirst36(appear)duringVictorianEngland.Tabletennisdidn’tbecomeacompetitivesportuntil1988.Nowtabletennisnotonlyisamatterofcompetition,butalsoprovidesanopportunityforpeopletoplaytogethernomatterwhattheiragesare.Thereisadayforpeople37lovetabletennistospreadtheirloveforthesport.It38(call)WorldTableTennisDay.TheInternationalTableTennisFederationhastakentabletennistoa39(complete)newlevel.ITTFtriestomaketabletennispopulararoundtheworld.40(achieve)thisgoal,in2015ITTTFcreatedWorldTableTennisDaytogetpeopleinterested41tabletennis.Sincethenithasbeencelebratingthedaysothatmorepeoplecanlearnabout42sport.WorldTableTennisDayiscelebratedby43(organize)activitiesinthestreets,clubs,bars,schools,workplacesetc.Peoplecanregisterforallthese44(event)ontheInternettojoinintheworldwidecelebration.Ifyou’relookingforotherwaystocelebrateWorldTableTennisDay,youcanchoosetowatch45(excite)tabletennisgamesonTVonthedayandtellyourfriendswhatdayitis.【答案】36．appeared37．who/that38．iscalled39．completely40．Toachieve41．in42．the43．organizing44．events45．exciting【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了乒乓球的历史起源以及发展以及世界乒乓球日的设立。36．考查动词时态。句意：乒乓球最早出现在维多利亚时代的英国。根据句意、常识以及时间状语first可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词appear用过去式。故填appeared。37．考查定语从句。句意：有一天，热爱乒乓球的人们传播他们对这项运动的热爱。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为people，关系代词who或that引导从句，在从句中作主语，指代人。故填who/that。38．考查被动语态。句意：它被称为世界乒乓球日。谓语动词call和主语It之间是被动关系，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主谓一致，故填iscalled。39．考查副词。句意：国际乒乓球联合会把乒乓球运动提升到了一个全新的水平。此处用副词修饰形容词new。故填completely。40．考查动词不定式。句意：为了实现这一目标，国际乒联在2015年设立了世界乒乓球日，让人们对乒乓球产生兴趣。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作状语，表目的，符合句意。句首字母大写，故填Toachieve。41．考查介词。句意：为了实现这一目标，国际乒联在2015年设立了世界乒乓球日，让人们对乒乓球产生兴趣。（be）interestedin“对……感兴趣”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填in。42．考查冠词。句意：从那时起，人们就开始庆祝这一天，以便让更多的人了解这项运动。根据句意可知，此处应用定冠词the限定名词sport，特指前文提到的tabletennis“乒乓球运动”。故填the。43．考查动名词。句意：世界乒乓球日在街道、俱乐部、酒吧、学校、工作场所等组织活动。根据前