“人生哲理类”阅读理解专题课件天津高考英语一轮复习

解密高考“人生哲理类”阅读理解——结构阅读法与解题破译授课人：邓静伟单位：北京师范大学天津生态城附属学校Learningobjectives1.Identifythefundamentalstructureofreadingcomprehensiontextsonlifephilosophy;2.Applythe“StructuralReadingApproach”toanalyzetexts,locateanswers,andsolveGaokaoreadingcomprehensionquestions;3.Reflectonthephilosophiespresentedandcultivatepositivelifevalues.高考真题阅读理解•人生哲理类年份话题2025年天津首考D篇美好生活的“形状”2022年天津二考D篇美好生活的本质2020年天津二考D篇成功的关键因素2019年天津二考D篇人生意义与持续学习Analysisontestresults（2020年天津二考D篇）Q1：InwritingParagraph1,theauthoraimsto________.语篇结构题推理判断题细节理解题推理判断题主旨大意题2019年天津英语高考二考D篇WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman？Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning，andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives，hedeterminestowriteabook.Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes，andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉诃德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays，whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？We'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.I'mnottalkingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.Mostofus，infact，progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But，ifwearewillingtolearn，theopportunitiesareeverywhere.Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease，somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm，wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However，wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos（自我），whethertolovedones，tofellowhumans，towork，ortosomemoralconcept.Manyofusequate（视……等同于）“commitment”withsuch“caring”occupationsasteachingandnursing.Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhoworktowardsuchexcellencewhethertheyaredrivingatruck，orrunningastore-maketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekindofpeopletheyare.They'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.PartOne(para1-2):LeadinthequestionPartTwo(para3-6):BodyPartThree(para7):ConclusionAnalyzetheincorrectbehaviorProposethesolutionsPutforwardthecorrectviewpoint语篇结构“人生哲理类”议论文引出问题（Leadinthequestionortheargument)分析问题（Analyzethequestionorincorrectbehavior)提出正确的观点

（Putforwardthecorrectviewpoint)给出解决方法（Proposethesolutions)得出结论或升华主旨（Drawtheconclusion/Elevation)2019年天津卷二考D篇：人生意义与持续学习Part1Leadinthequestion(Para.1-2)Part2Analyzetheincorrectbehavior(Para.3)Part3Putforwardthecorrectviewpoint(Para.4)Part4Proposethesolutions(Para.5-6)Part5Drawtheconclusion(Para.7)Whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays，whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？Peoplehavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.Ifwearewillingtolean，theopportunitiesareeverywhere.Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.WecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegosThey'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.Q1：引用故事的目的Q2：“runoutofsteam”词义猜测Q3：关于第4段内容的推测Q4：第5段的主旨大意Q5：文章的写作目的Part1LeadinthequestionWouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman？Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning，andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives，hedeterminestowriteabook.Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes，andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉诃德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays，whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？2019年天津高考英语二考D篇1.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat_________.A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativityB.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoalC.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfateD.disabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccess例证题题目类型命题定位例证题LeadinthequestionThethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease，somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.4.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5？（

）A.Atoughmancantoleratesuffering.B.Awisemancanlivewithoutself-pity.C.Amanshouldtrytosatisfypeoplearoundhim.D.Amanshouldlearnsuitablewaystodealwithlife.2019年天津高考英语二考D篇Part4

Proposethesolutions题目类型命题定位段落主旨大意题ProposethesolutionsPara1WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman？Para2......thestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays，whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？Para3We'veallknownpeoplewho......I'mnottalkingabout...I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewho...becausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinions......Para4......But，ifwearewillingtolearn，theopportunitiesareeverywhere.Para5Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearn......Para6.......wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos......Para7......They'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.5.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage？（

）A.Toprovideguidanceonleadingameaningfuladultlife.B.Tostresstheneedofshoulderingresponsibilitiesatwork.C.Tostatetheimportanceofgeneratingmotivationforlearning.D.Tosuggestawayofpursuingexcellenceinourlifelongcareer.2019年天津高考英语二考试卷，D篇LeadinthequestionConclusion题目类型命题定位主旨大意题Part1LeadinthequestionPart5

ConclusionAnalyzetheincorrectbehaviorPutforwardthecorrectviewpointProposethesolutions以偏概全Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes，andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉诃德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays，whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？Part2AnalyzetheincorrectbehaviorWe'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.I'mnottalkingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.2.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean？（

）A.Endone'sstruggleforliberty.B.Wasteone'senergytakingrisks.C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.2019年天津高考英语二考D篇Analyzetheincorrectbehavior题目类型命题定位词义猜测题AnalyzetheincorrectbehaviorMostofus，infact，progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But，ifwearewillingtolearn，theopportunitiesareeverywhere.3.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4？（

）A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.B.Thosewhotendtothinkbackcanhardlygoahead.C.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.D.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.2019年天津高考英语二考D篇Part3

Putforwardthecorrectviewpoint题目类型命题定位Putforwardthecorrectviewpoint推理判断题语篇结构变式—2025年天津卷英语首考D篇Askmostpeoplewhat“thegoodlife”involves,andtheywilllikelydrawuparapidlistofgoods—money,friendship,arewardingcareer,etc.EvenAristotle,whobelievedthatthekeytohappinessisthecultivation(培养)andexerciseofvirtue,stillthoughtcertaingoodswereeithernecessaryconditionsforhappinessorweregoodsthatcametovirtuouspeople.Ifwe’recomparinghowhappyvariouspeople’slivesare,itseemsnaturaltolookforcertaingoods,andcomparewhohasmoreofthem.Let’simaginethelivesoftwoactors,TobyandYbot.Tobystrugglestogetworkformanyyears,sufferingallsortsofdifficulties.Hebecomesafamousandwealthyactor,andwinsanOscarforhisfinalmoviebeforeretiring.Ybot,however,winsanOscarforhisveryfirstfilmrole.Butovertimehebecomeslessfamousandlesswellpaid,andhebeginstosufferdifficulties.Intheend,heretiresasanobody.Thesetwoactors’lives,liketheirnames,aremirror-images.TobyandYbotbothseemtoleadlivesofequalnetworth.YetmostofuswouldthinkthattheorderingofthesegoodsdoesmakeadecisivedifferencetohowwecompareTobyandYbot’scareers.Someonewhoclimbsamountainwillexperiencemorestrugglethansomeonewhogetscarriedtothepeakbybus,buttheclimberwillalsohaveasenseofaccomplishmenttheotherpersonmaywellenvy.Inthatsense,wemightthinkToby’slifeisbetterbecausehishighsseemmorewell-earnedthanYbot’sdo.Butthat’snotthewholestory.Thenarrative(叙述)itselfseemstomakeadifference.Alifeofearlysuccessfollowedbydeclineseemslikealessoverallsuccessfullifethanonewheresuccesscomeslaterintheday.Wherethestoryendsseemstomatterinitself.Wevaluehappyendings,notjusthappymoments.Thisimmediatejudgmentfindsexpressioninwhat’sbeencalledthe“shapeoflife”hypothesis(假说).Onthisview,livingagoodlifeisnotsimplyabouthavingtherightkindofexperiencesorlife-events,butofhavingthemintherightorder.Thehypothesissuggeststhatourlivesarenotsimplybagsintowhichwestuffgoodthingsandbadthings.Thetypeoflife—thenarrativeofthatlife-story—matterstoo.Withouttherightshape,evenalifefullofwondrousthingscanendupasatalewe’dprefernottoliveout.Part1LeadinthecommonviewpointPart2AnalyzethecommonviewpointwithanexamplePart3PutforwardtwoviewpointsPart5DrawtheconlcusionThesetwoactors’lives,liketheirnames,aremirror-images.TobyandYbotbothseemtoleadlivesofequalnetworth.YetmostofuswouldthinkthattheorderingofthesegoodsdoesmakeadecisivedifferencetohowwecompareTobyandYbot’scareers.Someonewhoclimbsamountainwillexperiencemorestrugglethansomeonewhogetscarriedtothepeakbybus,buttheclimberwillalsohaveasenseofaccomplishmenttheotherpersonmaywellenvy.Inthatsense,wemightthinkToby’slifeisbetterbecausehishighsseemmorewell-earnedthanYbot’sdo.1.Whatdoestheauthortrytoconveywiththeexampleofmountainclimbing?A.Easysuccessisoftenenvied.B.Therearevariouspathstosuccess.C.Fiercestruggleisvitaltosuccess.D.Hard-earnedsuccessistreasuredmore.Part3Putforwardtheviewpoint题目类型命题定位Butthat’snotthewholestory.Thenarrative(叙述)itselfseemstomakeadifference.Alifeofearlysuccessfollowedbydeclineseemslikealessoverallsuccessfullifethanonewheresuccesscomeslaterintheday.Wherethestoryendsseemsto