教学材料《计算机》-3-5 Application Fields of Database

3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabaseIntroduction:Adatabaseisacollectionoflogically

relateddataelementsthatisorganizedsothatitscontentscaneasilybeaccessed,managed,andupdated.ThecommondatabasemanagementsystemhasAccess,SQLServer,Mysql,Oracle,etc.Whataretheapplicationfieldsofadatabase?Youwillknowtheanswerafterreadingthisarticle.导读：数据库是一个逻辑相关数据元素的集合，按照容易存取、管理及更新的原则进行组织。常见的数据库管理系统有Access,SQLServer,Mysql,Oracle等。数据库有哪些应用领域?阅读完这篇文章，你就会知道答案。Keywords:database[ˈdeɪtəbeɪs]n.资料库;信息库;[计]数据库;由data和base组成的合成词access[ˈækses]vt.[计]存取;接近;访问update[ˌʌpˈdeɪt]vt.更新,修改applicationfields应用领域Expandedvocabulary:logically['lɒdʒɪklɪ]adv.逻辑上,符合逻辑地;能推理地related[rɪˈleɪtɪd]adj.相关的,有关系的；Theapplicationfieldsofadatabaseareverywidely.Families,companies,alargeenterprise,orgovernmentdepartmentsallneedtouseadatabasetostoredatainformation.Alargepartoftraditionaldatabasesisusedinthefieldsofbusiness,suchasthesecuritiesindustry,bank,thesalesdepartment,hospital,companyorbusinessunit,andthegovernmentdepartments,nationaldefenseandmilitaryfields,scienceandtechnologydevelopmentarea,etc.数据库应用领域非常广泛，不管是家庭、公司或大型企业，还是政府部门，都需要使用数据库来存储数据信息。传统数据库中的很大一部分用于商务领域，如证券行业、银行、销售部门、医院、公司或企业单位，以及国家政府部门、国防军工领域、科技发展领域等。3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabaseExpandedvocabulary:traditional[trəˈdɪʃənl]adj.传统的;口传的;惯例的;因袭的securitiesindustry证券行业nationaldefense国防military[ˈmɪlətri]adj.军事的;军用的；Withthedevelopmentofinformationage,thedatabasealsoproducessomenewapplicationfieldsmainlyinthefollowingsixaspects.1.MultimediadatabaseThiskindofdatabasemainlystoresdatarelatedtomultimedia,suchassound,imageandvideodata.随着信息时代的发展，数据库也相应产生了一些新的应用领域，主要表现在以下六个方面。1．多媒体数据库这类数据库主要存储与多媒体相关的数据，如声音、图像和视频等数据。Keywords:multimedia[ˌmʌltiˈmi:diə]n.多媒体multi为前缀,表示许多,如multi-processor,多核处理器3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabaseThemainfeatureofmultimediadataisthatdataiscontinuous,thedataquantityislarge,andhugestoragespaceisrequired.2.MobiledatabaseThedevelopmentofmobiledatabaseisbasedonthemobilecomputersystem,suchaslaptop,palmtop,etc.Thebiggestfeatureofthisdatabaseistransmissionthroughthewirelessdigitalcommunicationnetwork.多媒体数据最大的特点是数据连续，而且数据量比较大，存储需要的空间巨大。2．移动数据库移动数据库是在移动计算机系统上发展起来的，如笔记本电脑、掌上计算机等。该数据库最大的特点是通过无线数字通信网络传输的。Keywords:laptop[ˈlæptɒp]n.笔记本电脑;便携式电脑feature['fiːtʃə]n.特色,特征transmission[trænsˈmɪʃn]n.传输;传送;发射；Expandedvocabulary:continuous[kənˈtɪnjuəs]adj.连续的;延伸的;持续的palmtop[ˈpɑ:mtɒp]n.[计]掌上计算机3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabaseMobiledatabasecancaptureandaccessdatawheneverandwhereverpossible,andbringgreatconvenienceforsomebusinessapplicationsandsomeemergencysituations.3.SpacedatabaseSpacedatabaseincludesgeographicinformationsystems(GIS),andcomputeraideddesign(CAD).移动数据库可以随时随地获取和访问数据，为一些商务应用和一些紧急情况带来了很大的便利。3．空间数据库空间数据库主要包括地理信息系统(即GIS）和计算机辅助设计（即CAD）。Keywords:capture['kæptʃə]vt.捕捉,俘获Expandedvocabulary:geographicinformationsystems地理信息系统computeraideddesign计算机辅助设计3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabaseThepurposeistoeffectivelyusesatelliteremotesensingresourcestodrawvariouseconomictopicmapsquickly.

GISdatadigitalengineeringdigitalterminaldigitalcommunity,digitalcity,digitalearth...digitalprotectionzone,digitalecologicalstation...Applicationofspacedatabase其目的是为了有效地利用卫星遥感资源迅速绘制出各种经济专题地图。地理信息系统数据数字化工程

数字化终端数字小区,数字城市,数字地球...数字保护区,数字生态站...空间数据库应用3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabase4.InformationretrievalsystemInformationretrievalsystemsetsupaproceduralsystemaboutinformationcollection,processing,storageandretrievalaccordingtothespecificinformationneeds,anditsmainpurposeistoprovideinformationserviceforpeople.Searchwebsitecommonlyusedindailylifehasbaidu,Yahoo,sohu,etc.4．信息检索系统信息检索系统是根据特定的信息需求而建立起来的一种有关信息搜集、加工、存储和检索的程序化系统，其主要目的是为人们提供信息服务。日常生活中常用的搜索网站有百度、雅虎、搜狐等。Keywords:retrieval[rɪ'triːvl]n.检索;恢复;取回;拯救procedural[prə'si:dʒərəl]adj.程序的;有关程序的website[ˈwebsaɪt]n.[计]网站;web为前缀,表示“网络”,如webpage,网页,webmaster,网管3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabase5.DistributeddatabaseDistributeddatabasesystemissuitablefordecentralizeddepartments.Itallowseachdepartmenttostorecommonlyuseddatainthelocalcomputer,andthemajorityofprocessingdataisfinishedinthelocalcomputer.Differentcomputersareconnectedbythedatacommunicationnetwork.5．分布式数据库分布式数据库系统适合于单位分散的部门，允许各个部门将其常用的数据存储在本地，多数处理就地完成,各地的计算机由数据通信网络相联系。Keywords:besuitablefor合适的;适于Expandedvocabulary:distributed[dɪs'trɪbju:tɪd]adj.分布式的3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabase银行系统Expandedvocabulary:circulateorexchange通兑3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabaseBanksystem6.ExpertdecisionsystemExpertsystemisacomputerprogramwithalargenumberofspecializedknowledge,andusetheknowledgetosolvepracticalproblemsofaspecificfield,suchasdiagnosissystem(medicalcare,fault),forecastsystem(weather,traffic),controlsystem(battlefieldcontrol).6．专家决策系统专家系统是具有大量专门知识，并能运用这些知识解决特定领域中实际问题的计算机程序系统。如，诊断系统（医疗、故障）、预报系统（天气、交通）、控制系统（战场控制）。Expandedvocabulary:diagnosis[ˌdaɪəgˈnəusɪs]n.诊断;诊断结论;判断;结论

[计]指在计算机专业中英语单词的解释3-5ApplicationFieldsofDatabaseOralpracticeQ:Whatdoyouliketodoinfreetime?A:Playgames,goshopping,readinlibrary,etc.Q:Wheredoesthedatastoreandhowdoesthedataprocess?A:Idon’tknow.Q:Adatabase.A:Whatisadatabase?Q:Storeandmanagedataincomputer.A:Whatisthecommondatabasesoftware?Q:Access,SQLServer.A:Doesdatarefertothedigitalnoly?Q:No,italsoincludestext,graphics,images,voice.A:Oh,databaseisveryuseful.ExercisesChoices：1.Thefollowingsystemisdatabasemanagementsystemexception___________.A.SQLServerB.AccessC.JavaD.Oracle2._________thedevelopmentofinformationage,thedatabasealsoproducessomenewapplicationfields.A.OnB.UnderC.ForD.With3.Mobiledatabasecancaptureandaccessdatawheneverandwhereverpossible,________bringgreatconvenienceforsomebusinessapplicationsandsomeemergencysituations.A.asB.butC.andD.soExercisesChoices：4.Spacedatabaseincludes____________.A.CADandGISB.DBandCAIC.GISandDBD.CAIandGIS5.Distributeddatabaseallowseachdepartmenttostorecommonlyuseddatainthelocalcomputer,themajorityof__________isfinishedinthelocalcomputer.A.searchdataB.processingdataC.insertdataD.deletedataExercisesTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:1.Databasescanbestore