河南中考英语二轮语法复习课件专题十三动词的非谓语形式

专题十三动词的非谓语形式用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.(2025·福建中考改编)Wewillattendtheteafestivalinourtown

tolearn

(learn)moreaboutteaculture.

2.(2025·黑龙江绥化中考改编)OurEnglishteacherishumorousandheoftentellsfunnyjokestomakeus

laugh

(laugh).

3.Mr.Wualwaysencouragesus

torealize

(realize)ourdreamsthroughhardwork.

4.Wehaddifficulty

controlling

(control)ourtearswhenweheardthebadnews.

5.

Watching

(watch)herselfinthemirror,thequeenthoughtshewasthemostbeautifulladyintheworld.

6.It’snotagoodhabitforyou

toput

(put)offwhatshouldbedonetodayuntiltomorrow.

选单词并用其适当形式填空

eat

finish

learn

relax

swim7.

Swimming

ismyfavoritesportwhichcankeepmefit.

8.Ioftenlistentomusicbecauseitmakesmefeel

relaxed

.

9.After

finishing

hishomework,hewentouttoplay.

10.It’simportantforusto

learn

aforeignlanguagewell.

11.Igotuplatethismorning,soIhurriedtoschoolwithout

eating

breakfast.

01思维·考点突破考点1考点2考点3动词不定式1.动词不定式的基本形式其基本形式为“to+动词原形”,否定形式为“not+to+动词原形”。在句中不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化;作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。2.动词不定式的用法成分用法例句主语不定式作主语时往往用形式主语it代替,句子真正的主语不定式则被后置TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportantforstudents.=ItisimportantforstudentstolearnEnglishwell.学生学好英语非常重要。成分用法例句宾语动词的宾语Idecidedtochangemyeatinghabits.我决定改变我的饮食习惯。和疑问词who、what、when、where、how、which等连用,一起作tell、ask、know等动词的宾语Sheshowedushowtodotheexperiment.她向我们展示了如何做这个实验。用it作形式宾语时,将真正的宾语后置IfinditeasytospeakEnglish.我发现说英语是容易的。成分用法例句定语置于被修饰的名词或代词之后,作后置定语Idon’thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.我没有搭档练习英语。表语用在系动词后,主要表示愿望、责任、义务等,一般可转化为动词不定式作主语Hisdreamistobeateacher.=Tobeateacherishisdream.他的梦想是成为一名老师。宾语补足语构成“动词+sb./sth.+todosth.”的结构Theteacheraskedusnottoruninthehallway.老师要求我们不要在走廊里跑。成分用法例句状语目的状语Theteacherraisedhisvoicetomakehimheardclearly.老师提高嗓门使大家清楚地听到他的声音。结果状语Theboxistooheavytocarry.这个箱子太重了以至于搬不动。原因状语Benwassoexcitedtoknowthathehadtakenfirstplaceintheexam.本得知他在考试中获得了第一名后非常兴奋。【注意】不定式可以和疑问代词who,what,which及疑问副词when,how,where,why等连用构成不定式短语,在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。如:It

is

important

for

children

to

learn

how

to

do

housework.

孩子们学习如何做家务是重要的。When

to

go

to

Beijing

hasn’t

been

decided

yet.

什么时候去北京还没定下来。3.后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词(短语)hope/wish希望decide决定agree同意choose选择seem似乎,好像refuse拒绝plan计划,打算attempt试图determine决心hurry匆忙afford承担得起manage设法做成某事expect期待prefer宁愿;更喜欢promise承诺offer主动提出try尽力prepare准备can’twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事wouldliketodosth.想要做某事4.动词不定式的常用句型(1)Itisone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事了。(2)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多少时间。(3)It’stimetodosth.=It’stimefor(doing)sth.是做某事的时候了。(4)Itisone’sdutytodosth.做某事是某人的义务。(5)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事(6)be+adj.+enoughtodosth.足够……做某事(7)too...to...太……而不能……(8)It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事是……的。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.(2025·黑龙江中考改编)

Tomake

(make)communicationeasierandfaster,engineersinthatcompanyhavedesignedakindofsmartwatches.

2.Aftertwohours’study,Ifeltalittletiredanddecided

tohave

(have)arest.

3.Nothingcanmakeme

give

(give)upmydream.

4.It’sreallykindofyou

tovolunteer

(volunteer)attheoldpeople’shome.

5.Sheprefers

tostay

(stay)athomeandreadbooksratherthan

go

(go)outtopartiesonweekends.

考点1考点2考点3动词的-ing形式动词的-ing形式具有名词、代词、形容词、副词的特征,同时还具有动词的某些特征。1.动词的-ing形式的用法成分用法例句作主语谓语动词用单数Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。作表语多数情况下,动词的-ing形式作表语可转换成作主语Herhobbyisplantingdifferentkindsofflowers.她的爱好是种植各种各样的花。成分用法例句作宾语动词宾语表示一般的习惯、抽象行为或经常性动作IwillfinishreadingthebookandgiveareportnextMonday.下个星期一我将会读完这本书并作报告。介词宾语Youcan’tstoppeoplefromsayingwhattheythink.你不能阻止人们说出他们的想法。作定语表示它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等,置于被修饰词之前Hemaybeinthereadingroom.他可能在阅览室里。2.后接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词/短语/句型

avoid避免consider考虑enjoy享受;喜欢finish完成imagine想象miss错过mind介意advise/suggest建议practice练习love/like喜欢dislike不喜欢hate讨厌risk冒险stand忍受delay拖延admit承认bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事can’t/couldn’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事keepondoingsth.继续做某事lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事thanksfordoingsth.感谢做某事How/Whataboutdoingsth.?做某事怎么样?Whatdoyouthinkofdoingsth.?你认为做某事怎么样?Sb.spend(s)/spentsometime(in)doingsth.某人花费时间做某事。3.有些动词后加不定式或动词的-ing形式作宾语有两种截然不同的含义,常见的有:用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thehousemustbeonfire.Icanseeheavysmoke

rising

(rise)fromit.

2.Thebookisso

interesting

(interest)thatIcan’tputitdown.

3.

Reading

(read)Englishfor30minuteseverymorningisveryhelpful.

4.Thechildrenwere

playing

(play)gameswhentheirteachercamein.

5.It’sbadmannerstoenterotherpeople’sroomwithout

knocking

(knock)atthedoor.

考点1考点2考点3动词的-ed形式动词的-ed形式可以构成完成时、被动语态等,也可以在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。成分用法例句定语作定语时,通常放在被修饰名词的前面Thebrokencupneedsrepairing.这个破杯子需要修复。表语表示主语的特征和属性Sheisverytired.她很疲劳。成分用法例句宾语补足语动词的-ed形式作宾语补足语,句子的宾语是它的逻辑宾语Ifoundanoldladyknockeddownbyabike.我发现一位老太太被自行车撞倒了。have/getsth.done表示“请别人做某事”,其中动词的-ed形式作宾语补足语,与宾语之间是被动关系I’llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我将去理发。状语作状语时,其逻辑宾语为句子主语Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.从山顶上看,这座城市很漂亮。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thisevening,Iamgoingtowatchthemovie

directed

(direct)bytheman.

2.Helooked

excited

(excite)whenheheardthegoodnews.

3.Ifoundthedoor

locked

(lock)whenIcameback.

02诊断·语法过关一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.InChina,itisinteresting

tosee

(see)peopleeatingwithchopsticks.

2.Oh,mybikeisbroken.I’mgoingtohaveit

repaired

(repair).

3.Ididn’twanttoputinthetimetopractice.Thatwasmygreatestweakness.SoItry

tocorrect

(correct)itbyfindinganenjoyablewaytostudy.

4.TheysayIcanchoosewhateverIwanttodointheendifIkeep

working

(work)hardatschool.

5.Eachyear,millionsoffishesarekilledbythe

polluted

(pollute)water.

6.Ayoungboymadealivingby

selling

(sell)frieddoughsticks(油条)inthemarket.

7.Doyouknowtherearemorethan3,000languages

spoken

(speak)intheworld?

8.Doyoumind

moving

(move)yourbike?It’sinmyway.

9.Ittakestenyears

togrow

(grow)atree,butahundredyears

toeducate

(educate)aperson.

10.Heistooyoung.Hedoesn’tknowhow

todo

(do)thingsbyhimself.

二、语篇填空(非谓语动词专项练)bear

take

reach

help

packoffer

create

conduct

save

dineNowadays,moreandmoreChineseareawareoffoodwasteissues.Evenyoungpeopletend1.

totake

theirleftovershomewhen2.

dining

out,mostofwhomwouldpackthedishesinadoggiebagiftheleftoversarestillingoodshapeandtherearealsoalotleft,accordingtothesurvey3.

conducted

byChina

Youth

Daily.Thepeople4.

born

inthe1980sor1990sbelieveth