2025-2026学年山东潍坊国开中学高二下学期开学检测英语试题

2025-2026学年山东潍坊国开中学高二下学期开学检测英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答逐题卡上将该选项涂黑。ATheEVRevolution’sNextChallenge:RethinkingHowWeChargeAsnationspushforelectricvehicle(EV)adoptiontocuttransportemissions,anewconcernisemerging:thebiggestchallengeisnolongerthecarsthemselves,buttheinfrastructure(基础设施)neededtopowerthem.“GasStation”ModelCurrentcharginginfrastructureoftenmirrorsthetraditionalpetrolstationmodel,focusingonhigh-powered,rapid-chargingpoints.However,thisapproachpresentsseveralissues:·Grid(电网)Pressure:Concentratedhigh-powerdemandcanoverwhelmlocalelectricitynetworks.·HighCost:Installingandmaintainingrapidchargersisexpensive.·AccessInequality:Itfailstoserveabout30%ofurbanresidentswithoutaccesstoprivateparking.“OpportunityCharging”ModelItisapromisingalternative.Themoresustainablemodelinvolvesusingadistributednetworkofslower,lower-powerchargersatdestinationswherepeoplealreadyparkforhoursatatime.·Locations:Supermarkets,cinemas,workplaces,andresidentialstreets.·Benefits:Usesexistingsparetime,reducesgridpressure,andlowersinstallationcosts.AstudybytheUrbanMobilityInstitutefoundthismodelcouldincreaseEVadoptionincitiesbyupto40%bymakingownershipaccessibletothosewithoutgarages.ExpertInsight“Thegoalisn’ttomakechargingasfastasrefueling,”saysProf.TimLitvin,anenergyinfrastructurespecialist.“Therealinnovationisinmakingchargingeffortlesswithsmart,convenientinfrastructurefadingintodailylife,notjustinbuildinglargerbatteries.”1.Whatisamajordisadvantageofthecurrentrapid-chargingmodel?A.Itoverloadslocalgrids. B.ItchargesEVstooslowly.C.Itneedsnomaintenance. D.Itworksonlyinruralareas.2.What’stheunderlyinglogicofopportunitycharging?A.Makingbatteriescheaper. B.Sellingmorerapidchargers.C.Buildingbiggerparkinglots. D.Chargingwhileparkedanyway.3.WhatdoesProf.Litvinexpectabouttherealinnovation?A.DoublingtheEVbatterysize. B.Beatingthespeedofrefueling.C.Integratingchargingintodailylife. D.Coveringcitieswithgiantstations.BAtseven,SuzanneHeywoodandherbrotherJonathanweretakenoutofschoolbytheirparentsforaplannedthree-yearround-the-worldvoyage.TheUKfamilyaimedtofollowCaptainCook’sfinalglobaltrip,butthejourneylasted10years—farlongerthanpromised.Suzanne’sparentscalledita“privilege”andthe“tripofalifetime,”yetshelatercompareditto“beinglockedupinprison.”Now55,shehassharedherstoryonTikTokandinherautobiographyWavewalker,Sherecalledherfatheroncesaying,“Wewouldbebackinthreeyears’time,andthatmydogwouldbewaitingforme,andmyfriendsandschoolandeverythingwouldgobacktonormal.”Butinreality,nearlyadecadepassedbeforetheirreturn,withhertrappedontheboat,unabletoattendschoolormakefriends.Thevoyagewas“incrediblydangerous,”despiteherfather’spromiseofsafety.DuringatripfromSouthAfricatoAustralia,ahugestormhit.Abigwavecrashedthroughtheboat,throwingseven-year-oldSuzanneacrossthedeck(甲板)andbreakingherskullandnose.Threedayslater,theyfoundasmallIndianOceanisland,whereshehadmultipleheadsurgerieswithoutanaesthetic(麻醉药).Tocopewithher“verystrange”childhood,Suzannedecidedtoeducateherself,whichwastheonlylifelinebacktoordinarydays.In1969,withnoremotelearning,shejoinedanAustraliancorrespondenceschoolat13,studyingintheboat’ssmallcabindespitemissingmuchschoolwork.At16,sheandher15-year-oldbrotherweresenttoaNewZealandschoolwhiletheirparentskeptsailing.Later,SuzannegotintoOxfordUniversity.Shesavedmoneyfromfarmworktobuyaone-wayticketbacktotheUK.Afterherhusband’sdeathin2018,shesharedherstory;herbookbecameabestseller,andshestilldealswithherchildhoodtrauma(创伤).Hertalehastouchedmillions,withfanspraisingherbraveryandfindinginspirationinherlife.4.WhydidSuzanneHeywoodandherbrotherleaveschool?A.TowriteabookaboutCaptainCook. B.Togoonavoyagewiththeirparents.C.Toassistincaptainingthefamilyboat. D.Tostudyatasea-trainingschoolabroad.5.WhatisWavewalkermostlikelytobeabout?AAtaleofCaptainCook’svoyageroute. B.AnintroductiontothestudyinOxford.C.Areturnfromdeadlyseastonormallife. D.Anaccountofherhappylifewithfriends.6.HowdidSuzannestarttogetherlifebackontrack?A.Byworkingonafarm. B.Bypersuadingherparents.C.Bysharingherstoryonline. D.Byjoiningapart-timeschool.7.WhichsayingbestmatchesSuzanne’sexperience?A.Brokensailsstillreachshore. B.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.C.Amerryheartgoesalltheway. D.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.CInanagewherewearemoreconnectedthaneverthroughdigitaldevices,astrangeparadox(悖论)hasemerged:weareincreasinglydisconnectedfromtheimmediateworldaroundus.Urbansociologistsnoteadeclineinunplannedsocialinteractionsinpublicspaceslikeparks,plazas,andevenonpublictransport.Peopleareoftengluedtotheirscreens,unawareoftheirsurroundingsorthepeoplearoundthem.ThisshiftworriesthinkerslikeSherryTurkle,arenownedpsychologistfromMIT.InherbookReclaimingConversation:ThePowerofTalkinaDigitalAge,shearguesthatouraddictiontophonesiscostingusthedeep,empatheticconnectionsthatcomefromface-to-faceconversation.Thisisn’tjustapersonalloss;ithassocietalimplications.Publicspacesarethestageswherecommunitylifeunfolds,andwhenwedrawbackfromthem,theverybondofsocietyweakens.Somecitiesareconsciouslyfightingthistrend.Urbanplannersarenowdesigning“talk-friendly”spaces—benchesthatfaceeachother,pedestrianzonesfreefromtrafficnoise,andpublicparkswithfreeWi-Fitoattractpeople,butalsowithfeaturesthatencouragethemtolookupandengage.Thegoalisnottoavoidtechnology,buttorebalanceitsroleinourlives.Thechallengeisvast,withdecadesoftechnologicaladvancementdesignedtocaptureourattention.However,thesolutionbeginswithawareness.AsTurklesuggests,it’saboutmakingconsciouschoicestocreatedevice-freezonesandtimes,tobepresentinthemoment.It’stimetolookupfromourscreensandrediscoverthevalueoftheunfilteredworldandthepeoplewhoshareitwithus.Sosilenceyourscreenforamoment.Liftyoureyes.Everysharedsmileorquickhellorethreadstheneighborhood,rechargingthehumanbatterythatnoalgorithm(算法)canreplace.8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutfirst?A.Publicspacesarebecomingovercrowded. B.Digitaldevicesoftenhavetechnicalissues.C.Socialmediaplatformsarelosingpopularity. D.Peoplearelessinvolvedintheirsurroundings.9.WhatsuffersmostfromouraddictiontoscreenaccordingtoTurkle?A.Onlineprivacy. B.Physicalhealth.C.Interpersonalbonds. D.Individualproductivity.10.Whydidurbanplannerscreatethe“talk-friendly”spaces?A.Toencouragein-personcommunication. B.Tofocusonbeautyratherthanpracticality.C.Toreplacesocialmediawithrealinteraction. D.Toattractpeoplewithadvancedtechnology.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unfiltered”meaninparagraph4?A.Pure. B.Real. C.Perfect. D.Simple.DWhatifastartup’sfirstteammemberwasanAIagent,notahuman?ThisquestionledMicrosoftandNYUStern’sTechMBAprogramtoaspecialproject.Thirtystudentsformedsixstartupteams,usingMicrosoft365Copilot(withthelatestAIagentfeatures)torethinkwork—startingwithAIfromdayone.Theirgoal:breakoldworkflows,build“FrontierFirms,”andexplorehuman-AIcooperation.FrontierFirmsaren’tjustAIusers—they’rebuiltaroundAI.FromthestartAIagentsintegrateintoeveryaspectofthecompany,reshapingworkprocesses,decision-makingmethods,andteamstructurestoenhancehuman-AIpartnership.Theresultswereeye-opening.Topteamsdidn’tjustuseAIfortasks—theyletitsparkideas:designingorgcharts,refiningpitchdecks,andcreatingsamplebusinessmodels.Thisrevealedanewworkstyle:AIasanactive,growingteammember.Theprojecthadtwophases.First,studentsusedCopilottosimulatestartingastartup—assigningroles,writingplans,andtestingworkflows.Then,theyimaginedhow“AI-first”FrontierFirmsmightwork,drawingblueprintsforAI-poweredorganizations.Startingfreshhelped:nooldrulesheldthemback.StudentsfoundAIquicklybecametheir“firsthire,”takingonkeyroleslikestrategistoranalyst.OneteamevenletAIdesignanorgchartbyanalyzingresumes.AIhandledtaskslikeplanningmarketstrategies,writingjobdescriptions,andbuildingfinancialmodels.Thislethumanmemberstakeonmoreroleswithoutstressandtackleworkoutsidetheirexpertise—speedingupprogressfromideatoaction.ThisprojectshowsAIcanbemorethanatool—itcanbeateammateorevenaco-founder.It’snotafuturedream,butapresentrealityreshapingwork.Toadapt,leadersneedanewmindset:seeAIasapartner,notjustanaid.12.Whatwasthemaingoalofthespecialproject?A.TocompareAIandhumanworkefficiency.B.TotrainstudentsonusingMicrosoft365Copilot.C.ToexperimentontheteamworkofhumansandAI.D.TohelpstudentslearnaboutthelatestAIversion.13.WhatroledidtheleadingteamsgiveAI?A.Raretool. B.Silentclerk. C.Finaljudge. D.Ideapartner.14.HowdidAImosthelpstudentsmovefromideatoaction?A.Issuinggrandvisions. B.Boostingteamspirits.C.Runningrapidanalyses. D.Arrangingteammeet-ups.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AIAgentBecomestheStartup’sFirstHireB.PutAIontheFoundingTeamfromDayOneC.ArgueforHuman-onlyLeadershipinaTeamD.ResearchersAskWhoReallyRunsaNew-buildFirm第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoTeachYourKidstoBeRespectfulandKindtoAnimalsWhenyourfamilyispreparingtowelcomeanewpet,it’sessentialtoestablishclearguidelinestoensurethesafetyandwell-beingofbothchildrenandanimals.Herearesomepracticalwaystohelpchildrenbuildempathyandlearntocareforanimalsresponsibly.Oneofthemosteffectivemethodsistoleadbyexample.Childrenoftenfollowinadults’footsteps,sohowyoutreatanimalswillleavealastingimpression.Showthemtheproperwaytoapproachandinteractwithanimals.____16____Thisteachesrespectfortheanimal’scomfortzone.It’salsohelpfultosetclearandconsistentrules.Childrenmaynotknowexactlyhowtobehavearoundanimals.____17____Explainthatanimalsarenottoys—pullingtheirtails,climbingonthem,ordisturbingthemwhiletheyeatorsleepisunacceptable.Suchguidelineshelppreventmisunderstandingsandpotentialharm.Anotherkeylessonisshowingunderstandingandrespect.Justlikepeople,animalshavemoodsandpersonalspace.Teachyourchildtorecognizewhenananimalwantstobeleftalone—suchaswhenitmovesaway,hides,ormakesanunhappysound.____18____Thisnotonlyprotectsthechildbutalsohelpstheanimalfeelrespected.____19____.Forexample,ifyoufindaninsectindoors,youmightcalmlycaptureandreleaseitoutsideinsteadofkillingit.Userespectfullanguagewhenreferringtoanimals—avoidcallingthem“it,”andchoose“he,”“she,”or“they”instead.What’smore,readingbooksthatpromotekindnesstowardanimalsisasimplebutpowerfultool.Rememberthatbuildingapositiverelationshipbetweenchildrenandanimalstakestimeandpatience.____20____Throughconsistentmodelingandgentleguidance,childrencangrowintocompassionate(有同情心的)andrespectfulindividuals.A.Inthisway,childrenwillplaywithanimalsatwill.B.Sympathycanalsobedevelopedthroughdailyhabits.C.Kidswilldevelopascientificwayoflookingatalllivingthings.D.Itisbettertoshowthemwhattodoinsteadofsimplysaying“don’t.”E.Thisknowledgeisusefulforinteractingwithbothanimalsandpeople.F.Overtime,thesesmalllessonscontributetoalifelongrespectforanimals.G.Whenencounteringanervousanimal,askkidstoobservequietlyratherthanchaseit.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inthefallof1993,highschoolseniorJedMottleyseemedtohaveitall:astarwidereceiverontheschoolfootballteam,amulti-sportathlete,andafriendly,outgoingpersonality.Butbeneathhis____21____smile,theScottsdaleteenhidapainfulsecret—hewasthe“poorkid”amongpeerswithwealthyparents,embarrassedbyhisfamily’sconstantfinancial____22____.Broughtupbyasinglemotherwhoworked____23____atjobslikeapersonalassistantandfast-foodworker,Jeddreamedof____24____theultimatesymbolofathleticachievement:aChaparralHighSchoollettermanjacket.Heeven____25____ithimself—brightredandgoldwithhisnameproudlydisplayed.Butwhenthe$300jacketwasready,hismothercouldn’t____26____it.Monthaftermonth,thepickupwas____27____untilgraduationpassedandJedneversawhisjacketagain.FastforwardtoNovember2021:Jed,nowafull-timebassistinaLosAngelesband,receivedacallfromhisbrotherJosh.Whilebrowsingasecond-handstorethreehoursfromtheirhometown,Josh____28____abrand-newredlettermanjacket.Thename“Jed”andyear“1994”stoppedhiminhistracks.Heboughtitfor$25andsentaphototohisbrother.Jedwasovercomewithemotion—“That’smyjacket!”he____29____.Withinaweek,hereturnedtoArizonaandtrieditonforthefirsttime.Itfitperfectly,still____30____theoriginaltag(标签).Wearingittohis30thhighschoolreunion,Jedfinallyopenedupabouthispast____31____.Teammatesapologized,sayingtheywouldhavehelpedifthey’dknown.Thejacket’s30-yearjourneyremainsamystery,butitsreturnfeltlikea____32____.Itreconnectedthebrothers,madethemfeelthe____33____oftheirlatemom,andinspiredJedtowriteasongtitled“Mother’sIntention,”whichhe____34____wearingthejacket.ForJed,thislong-lost____35____isn’tjustclothandthread—it’sasymbolofhealing,family,andamother’senduringlove.21.A.familiar B.temporary C.confident D.stressful22.A.struggles B.purposes C.pursuits D.decisions23A.cautiously B.dependently C.carelessly D.tirelessly24.A.owning B.studying C.renewing D.selling25A.identified B.designed C.requested D.awarded26.A.afford B.allow C.refuse D.replace27.A.planned B.delayed C.canceled D.collected28.A.exchanged B.tried C.spotted D.returned29.A.suggested B.imagined C.predicted D.shouted30.A.bearing B.hiding C.featuring D.lifting31.A.cheer B.shame C.effort D.hope32.A.service B.challenge C.miracle D.regret33.A.lesson B.presence C.strictness D.shyness34.A.kept B.practiced C.described D.performed35.A.reward B.ambition C.concern D.treasure第二节（共10小题。每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。DrJaneGoodall,awell-knownzoologist,diedofnaturalcausesonWednesdayinCaliforniaonaspeakingtouroftheUS.Bornin1934and___36___(raise)inLondon,DrGoodallsaidshehadbeenfascinatedbyanimalssincechildhood.She___37___(gain)internationalrecognitionforherpioneeringresearchonchimpanzeesinTanzaniainthe1960s.Hermostfamousdiscoverythatchimpanzeesusetoolswaspraisedasamoment___38___redefinedhumankind,andrevolutionizedscience.Goodall’sgroundbreakingobservationsfromchimpanzeehuntingbehaviortotheircapacityforcompassion,laidthefoundation___39___modernprimatology(灵长类动物学)andinfluenceddiverse___40___(field)suchashumanhealth,ecology,andevolutionarybiology.Widelyregardedastheworld’sforemostexpertonchimpanzees,shedevotedmorethansixdecadesto___41___(study)theirsocialandfamilyinteractionsinthewild.Aschimpanzeesbecameendangered,since1986,Goodallhasshiftedheremphasisfromresearchto___42___(conserve),travelingtheworldgivinglectures,visitingschools___43___teachingyoungpeopleabouttheenvironment.Shespentmorethan300daysayearontheroadinmorethanthreedecades.Goodall’scontributionliesinherfirmbeliefthat“everyindividualmatters.”Herworkinspiredgenerations___44___(respect)andprotectnature,leaving___45___permanentmarkonscience,andhumanity’srelationshipwiththenaturalworld.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，你班计划开展一个周末研学活动，主题是黄河生态与文化。请你给学校国际部外教Mr.Smith写一封邮件，内容包括：(1)活动目的；(2)活动安排：如湿地观测、黄河文化博物馆参观等；(3)邀请参加。注意：(1)词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMr.Smith,OurclassislaunchingaweekendstudytourontheYellowRiverecologyandculture.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。TheImperfectBowlBenstaredattheclay(黏土)onthespinningwheel.Hisartteacher,Ms.Lena,hadshowntheclasshowtomakeaperfectbowl.“Findthecenter,begentlewithyourhands,”shehadadvised.ButBen’shandsfeltawkward,andthewheelseemedtohaveamindofitsown.Forthreeclassperiods,hehadtriedandfailed.Hisearliercreationssatontheshelf—arowofuneven,crooked(歪斜)shapesthatwerenowhardanddry.Theywereaconstantreminderofhisstruggle,andfrustrationgrewwithinhim.Allhewantedwastocreatesomethingbeautifulandperfect,justlikethemodelMs.Lenahadplacedatthefrontoftheroom.Thiswashislastopportunityduringthisproj