Task-basedwriting（Howtowriteasummary？）课件-高三英语二轮复习专项

Task-basedwriting

——Howtowriteasummary1.havingdifficultyinwritingthesummaryofthegivenpassage.Problemswithwriting2.notbriefenoughintellinganexperienceProblemswithwriting3.repetitiveuseofsimplesentencepatterns.Problemswithwriting4.poorhand-writingProblemswithwriting5.offthepointProblemswithwriting6.Otherproblems:poorvocabulary,Chinglish,…ProblemswithwritingHowtowirteasummarytoomanysimplesentences句式单调

lacktransitionalwordsorstatements缺乏过渡词句3.usetoomanyspecificdetailsinsteadofgeneralwords过多细节而非概括性语言4.usetoomanyoriginalsentencesfromthepassage过多引用原文5.keypointsarenotcomplete概括要点不全Problemswithsummary(1)Usewordsofsimilarmeanings同义替换法Ididn’tcatchanyfishowingtothefact

thatIwasnotpatient.Ididn’tcatchanyfish_________Iwasnotpatient.because1.Rewritethesentencesaccordingtotheskills.Focus1:sentencenotsucceed(3)Changethepartofspeech词性转换法Patienceisveryimportant.Patienceis_____________________.ofvitalimportance(2)Adopttheoppositewaywhensayingasentence正话反说法Youwillfail.Youwill__________.(4)Changethestructureofasentence句式变化法

语态变换：

Parentsshouldgivechildrenmorepraise.Childrenshould__________morepraise.begiven简单句变复合句：Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore.Thiswillhelpthemlearnfaster.Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore,_______willhelpthemlearnfaster.Childrenaregivenmorepraise.Theywillachievemoresuccess.When_________________,childrenwillachievemoresuccess.whichgivenmorepraise(5)Usetheshortestpossibletransitions连词衔接法

注意使用一些短而精的连词，如but,and,so,while,however,then,thus,yet,for,therefore,including,insteadof等。Weshouldencouragechildren.Weshouldnotscoldthem.Weshouldencouragechildren__________scoldingthem.insteadof(6)Changetheorderofthewords.

词序改变法Thesecretofsuccesswaspatience.________was___________________________.Patiencethesecretofsuccess(7)Omitthedetails细节省略法Don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraiseinstead.———————————————Don’tscoldandgivepraiseinstead.(8)Makeuseofthemeaningofasentence

句意理解(转述)法ShoppingontheInternetisbecomingincreasinglypopular.___________________________________________.MoreandmorepeoplepreferInternetshopping.2.Howtoimprovethesentencesbyusingdifferentsentencestructures?Focus1:sentence1.Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.（使用名词性从句）2.Hedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(使用强调句型)3.Ipassedthephysicsexambecauseofyourhelp.(用虚拟语气）What

surpriseshimisthat

thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.

Itwasnotuntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaperthatheknewwhathadhappened.

Icouldn’thavepassedthephysicsexambutforyourhelp.

Iwouldn't’thavepassedthephysicsexamwithoutyourhelp.

4.Shewalkedoutofthelabandmanystudentsfollowedher.5.Theysangandlaughedastheywentbacktoschool.

6.HehadnosoonercomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.Followedbymanystudents,shewalkedoutofthelab.Singingandlaughing,theywentbacktoschool.Nosoonerhadhecome

backfromBeijing

than

hewassentabroad.Thinking:

Howtoimprovethefollowingsentences?何人(who),何事(what),结果如何(how)何时(when),何地(where)5Keyelements:夹叙夹议型:加上作者的看法或感想,故事的寓意等(thewriter’spurposeandthemoralofthestory)一般以第三人称来概括如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时；如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时Attention:Focus2:summaryTheStepsofWritingaSummary仔细阅读文章,确定主题句.(一般在段首或段末)2.寻找关键词,抓住who,whathappened,及thewriter’spurpose.3.根据原文的词句,一般指关键词或段落的主题句进行改写;用相应的同义词，或进行句型转换(如主动句改为被动句等等).4.用连词连接各部分，使它连贯.thepointsyoushouldpayattentionto1.不需要把所有要点都涵盖。2.在这些内容中比重最大的是what，不要把what写得太详细，注意浓缩。3.找出叙事中夹带的议论，挖掘出文章的主题。4.用自己的话把主题和主要情节组织成摘要。Example:

Readthefirstpassageandfindthefollowinginformation1.Characters(who):

2.Keysentences(whathappened):3.Topic(thewriter’spurpose)Itwas7:30inthemorning.AsusualIwasonthesubwaytoschool．Itwassocrowdedwithpeoplethatitfeltliketheairconditionerwasn'tworking.Iwasstandingtherelookingaround.Then,Isawanoldladygetonthetrainwitha9-year-oldchildwhoseemedtobehergrandson.Awarm-heartedgentlemangenerouslyofferedhisseattotheoldlady.Insteadofsittingdownherself,however,theoldladycalledhergrandsonoverandtoldhimtosit.Soonerorlater,childrenmatureandstepintothecomplicatedworld.Loveisnecessaryintheearlydevelopmentofchildren,yet,tothedisappointmentofmany,toomuchlovedefinitelypreventschildrenfromlearningtherulesoftherealworld.Teachingthechildabouttherulesofsocietywithinthefamilyhelpsthechildtoachievesuccesslater.Bygivingupseatstotheirchildren,grandparentsmaydestroykids’bestchanceforcharacterdevelopment.(苏锡常镇高三一模)anoldlady,hergrandson,agentlemanAwarm-heartedgentlemangenerouslyofferedhisseattotheoldlady.Theoldladycalledhergrandsonoverandtoldhimtosit.1.Characters(who):

2.Keysentences(whathappened):Awarm-heartedgentlemangenerouslyofferedhisseattotheoldlady.Theoldladycalledhergrandsonoverandtoldhimtosit.细节省略法Giveupherseattohergrandchild.(句意转述法)简单句转复合句anoldladygivesuptheseatofferedbyagentlemantohergrandchild.Thewritertellsus…（主题）byshowingusanexampleof…,who/which…（故事情节）.3.Topic(thewriter’spurpose)TheimportanceofcharacterdevelopmentSoonerorlater,childrenmatureandstepintothecomplicatedworld.Loveisnecessaryintheearlydevelopmentofchildren,yet,tothedisappointmentofmany,toomuchlovedefinitelypreventschildrenfromlearningtherulesoftherealworld.Teachingthechildabouttherulesofsocietywithinthefamilyhelpsthechildtoachievesuccesslater.Bygivingupseatstotheirchildren,grandparentsmaydestroykids’bestchanceforcharacterdevelopment.Referencesample

:

Theauthortellsustheimportanceofcharacterdevelopmentofchildrenbygivinganexampleofanoldladywhogivesuptheseatofferedbyagentlemantohergrandchild.(32words)Tips:根据文章主题定好关键词或句Practice1:Oneday,amotherhorsetoldherson,“Mychild,willyouhappilygoandcarrythisbagofwheattothemill(磨坊)togrinditintoflour?”Thelittlehorsehappilyagreedwithouthesitation,andranoutofthehousewithabagofwheatonhisback.Afterquitealongjourney,thelittlehorsecametoariver,whichblockedhispathtothemill.Hesuddenlygotconfused.Lookingaround,hesawacow.Soheaskedthecow,“AuntieCow,canyoutellmewhetherIcancrosstheriver?”Thecowanswered,“Definitelyyoucan.Thewaterisveryshallow.”Whenthelittlehorsewasabouttocrosstheriver,asquirrelshoutedtohim,“Littlehorse,don’tcrosstheriver.Youwilldrown.”Thelittlehorsedidn’tknowwhattodo,sohedecidedtogobacktoaskhismother.Afterhetoldhismothereverythingthathappenedonhisway,hismothersaid,“Mychild,it’snotenoughtoonlylistentoothers;youhavetogiveitatrybyyourself,andthenyou’llknowtheanswer.”Withthosewords,hewalkedcarefullyacrosstheriver.Thewaterwasneithershallownordeep.Itwasjustfineforhim.Finallythelittlehorsecrossedtheriverandcompletedhistask.Practicemakesperfect!3要素AlittlehorsecrossedtheriverandcompletedthetasktryingonhisowninsteadoftakingtheadvicefromthecowandthesquirrelWho?What?How?....ExchangeyouranswerwithyourpartnersWhoWhatHow(30字概括：theexampleofalittlehorsesucceedbytryingsthonone’sown/byoneself)Referencesample1:

Alittlehorsefinallycrossedtheriverandcompletedthetaskbytryingonhisowninsteadoftakingtheadvicefromthecowandthesquirrel.Referencesample2:

Thoughatfirstconfusedbytheadvicefromthecowandthesquirrel,alittlehorsemanagedtocrosstherivereventuallythroughpractice.Referencesample3:

Thepassageconveysthemessagethatpracticeisofvitalimportancebytakingalittlehorseasanexample,whomanagedtocrosstheriverbytryingonhisowninsteadoffollowingothers’adviceblindly.Practice2:Thereoncewasalittleboywhohadabadtemper.Hisfathergavehimabagofnailsandtoldhimthateverytimehelosthistemper,hemusthammeranailintothebackofthefence.Thefirstdaytheboyhaddriven37nailsintothefence.Overthenextfewweeks,ashelearnedtocontrolhisanger,thenumberofnailshammereddailygraduallydwindleddown.Hediscovereditwaseasiertoholdhistemperthantodrivethosenailsintothefence.Finallythedaycamewhentheboydidn’tlosehistemperatall.Hetoldhisfatheraboutitandthefathersuggestedthattheboynowpulloutonenailforeachdaythathewasabletoholdhistemper.Thedayspassedandtheyoungboywasfinallyabletotellhisfatherthatallthenailsweregone.Thefathertookhissonbythehandandledhimtothefence.Hesaid,“Youhavedonewell,myson,butlookattheholesinthefence.Thefencewillneverbethesame.Whenyousaythingsinanger,theyleavescarsjustlikethese.Andnomatterhowmanytimesyousayyou'resorry,thewoundswillstillbethere.”写作内容：1.以“Angermanagement”为题，用约30个词概括上文的主要内容。

2.谈谈你的想法(120词)，内容包括：(1)分析愤怒情绪可能产生的后果(至少两点)；(2)就如何控制愤怒情绪提出建议(至少两点)。Practicemakesperfect!3要素alittleboylearnedtocontrolhisangerandalsoangercoulddoharmtoothersfollowinghisfather’sadvice---hammeringnailsintothefenceWho?What?How?....ExchangeyouranswerwithyourpartnersWhoWhatHowReferencesample1:Abad-temperedboyfinallylearnedtoproperlymanagehisangerfollowinghisfather’sadvice---hammeringnailsintothefence.Andhewasalsomadetounderstandthatventingangercandoirreversibleharmtoothers.(35words)Referencesample2:

Afathergothissontohammeranailwheneverhelosthistemper.Eventually,theboylearnedtocontrolhisangerandunderstoodthatangercoulddoharmtoothers.(31words)Practicemakesperfect!Practice3:Idon’thavemanyunhappymemoriesbutonesadstorytookplaceonmylastbirthday.Beforethebirthday,Iworkedoutaplanwithmyparents.WeplannedtohavedinnertogetherinMc