Unit3语法专项课件直接引语与间接引语感官动词课件北师大版英语八年级下册

教学课件北师大英语八年级下册Unit3语法专项——直接引语与间接引语、感官动词

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学习目标1.掌握直接引语与间接引语的定义、区别及转换核心规则2.熟练运用时态、人称、时间状语的转换技巧，完成不同句式转换3.认识常见感官动词，掌握其两种核心用法及搭配4.能独立完成填空、单选、句型转换等多种题型

语法一直接引语与间接引语（定义与区别）直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，必须放在引号内特点：时态、人称、指示词等均保持原句不变，语气更直接。例句：Myteachersaidtome,"Youareagoodstudent."间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，无需引号特点：需根据主句语境，调整人称、时态、时间/地点状语。例句：Myteachersaid(that)Iwasagoodstudent.直接引语变间接引语核心前提转换的核心前提：主句谓语动词为过去时态（如said,asked,told）若主句为现在时态（如say,ask,tell），间接引语时态不变。例1（主句过去时）：Hesays,"Ilikereading."→Hesayshelikesreading.例2（主句过去时）：Hesaid,"Ilikereading."→Hesaidhelikedreading.注意：转述客观真理时，无论主句时态，从句时态均不变。直接引语变间接引语（一）陈述句转换转换规则：用that引导（口语、非正式文体中可省略）重点调整：人称、时态、时间/地点状语需对应变化。原句（直接引语）：Shesaid,"Iwillvisitmygrandmatomorrow."转换（间接引语）：Shesaid(that)shewouldvisithergrandmathenextday.关键变化：I→she,will→would,tomorrow→thenextday陈述句转换拓展练习与易错提醒原句1：Hesaid,"Therearesomebooksonthedesk."转换：Hesaid(that)thereweresomebooksonthedesk.（are→were）原句2：Mymomtoldme,"Ihavefinishedmywork."转换：Mymomtoldme(that)shehadfinishedherwork.（have→had）易错点：不要遗漏人称转换，时态变化需贴合主句过去时。直接引语变间接引语（二）特殊疑问句转换转换规则：保留原句的wh-疑问词（what,where,when,how等）核心要求：将原句的疑问语序改为陈述语序（主语+谓语）。原句（直接引语）：Heasked,"Wheredoyoulive?"转换（间接引语）：HeaskedwhereIlived.（doyoulive→Ilived）注意：疑问词后直接接主语，去掉原句的助动词（do,does,did）。特殊疑问句转换拓展练习与技巧原句1：Sheasked,"Whatareyoudoingnow?"转换：SheaskedwhatIwasdoingthen.（areyoudoing→Iwasdoing,now→then）原句2：Theyasked,"Howdoesshegotoschool?"转换：Theyaskedhowshewenttoschool.（doesshego→shewent）技巧：先找疑问词，再调整语序和时态，最后修改时间状语。直接引语变间接引语（三）一般疑问句转换转换规则：用if或whether引导，表“是否”，不可省略引导词核心要求：将原句的疑问语序改为陈述语序，调整时态和人称。原句（直接引语）：Thestudentasked,"CanIuseyourpen?"转换（间接引语）：Thestudentaskedif/whetherhecouldusemypen.变化要点：Can→could,I→he,your→my，疑问语序变陈述语序。if与whether的用法区别一般情况下，if和whether可互换，均用于引导一般疑问句的间接引语。两种特殊情况，只能用whether，不能用if：1.与ornot连用时：Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldcomeornot.（不可用if）2.放在介词后面作宾语时：Itdependsonwhetherwehavetime.（不可用if）例句：SheaskedmewhetherIlikedEnglish.（可用if替换）直接引语变间接引语时态变化表（主句为过去时）直接引语时态间接引语时态例句一般现在时一般过去时Ilikeit→helikedit现在进行时过去进行时Iamreading→hewasreading一般将来时过去将来时Iwillgo→hewouldgo一般过去时过去完成时Iwent→hehadgone现在完成时过去完成时Ihavefinished→hehadfinished时态变化特殊情况与易错点1.客观真理/永恒事实：无论主句时态，从句仍用一般现在时例句：Theteachersaid,"Theearthgoesaroundthesun."转换：Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.（时态不变）2.情态动词变化：can→could,will→would,may→might易错点：过去完成时仅用于直接引语为一般过去时的情况直接引语变间接引语时间/地点状语转换转述时，时间、地点状语需根据语境调整，贴合“转述视角”。常见转换：now→then,today→thatday,tomorrow→thenextdayhere→there,yesterday→thedaybefore,nextweek→thenextweek例句：Hesaid,"Iwillcomeheretomorrow."转换：Hesaid(that)hewouldgotherethenextday.语法一小练手（直接引语变间接引语）1.Hesaid,"Idon'tlikethisbook."→Hesaidthathe______likethatbook.2.Sheasked,"Whereisyourschool?"→Sheaskedwhere______schoolwas.3.Mydadsaid,"Iwillcookdinnertonight."→Mydadsaidhe______cookdinnerthatnight.4.Thestudentasked,"Doyouhaveapen?"→ThestudentaskedifI______apen.5.Theysaid,"Weareplayingfootballnow."→Theysaidthey______playingfootballthen.didn’tmywouldhadwere语法二感官动词（定义与常见词汇）定义：表示人体感官（看、听、闻、尝、触）的动作或状态。分类（按功能）：1.表“感官状态”：look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）2.表“感官动作”：see（看见）、hear（听见）、watch（观看）、notice（注意到）补充：taste（尝起来）、feel（感觉起来/触摸）例句：Theflowerssmellgood.（表状态）；Isawhimgoout.（表动作）感官动词用法一（+形容词）核心结构：感官动词+形容词，表“看起来/听起来/闻起来……”语法要点：此处形容词作表语，描述主语的状态，不可用副词。正确例句：Themusicsoundsbeautiful.（beautiful是形容词，表“美妙的”）错误例句：Themusicsoundsbeautifully.（副词不可作表语）拓展例句：Thecaketastessweet.；Shelookshappytoday.感官动词用法二（+sb.do/doingsth.）核心结构1：感官动词+sb.dosth.（do为动词原形）含义：表示看见/听见某人做某事的“全过程”，动作已完成。例句：Isawhercrossthestreet.（看见她过马路的整个过程）核心结构2：感官动词+sb.doingsth.（doing为现在分词）含义：表示看见/听见某人“正在做某事”，动作正在进行。例句：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.（听见她正在唱歌）感官动词两种用法区别对比用法结构含义例句感官动词+sb.dosth.动作全过程，已完成Iwatchedhimfinishhishomework.感官动词+sb.doingsth.动作正在进行，未完成Iwatchedhimfinishinghishomework.注意：dosth.强调“完整动作”，doingsth.强调“瞬间动作”感官动词易混点提醒1.感官动词（look/sound等）后接形容词，不接副词，区别于实义动词。例：Helookscarefully.（错，look此处为感官动词，需用careful）2.被动语态中，感官动词后的dosth.需加to，变为todosth.。例：Isawhimcrosstheroad.→Hewasseentocrosstheroad.3.feel可表“触摸”，也可表“感觉”，搭配灵活（feel+形容词/名词）。感官动词小练手（词形填空）1.Thesong_________(sound)verynice;Iwanttolistentoitagain.

2.Isawmybrother______(play)basketballontheplaygroundjustnow.

3.Shefeltthewind__________(blow)hardwhenshewentout.

4.Theapples_________(taste)fresh;let'sbuysome.

5.Weheardagirl__________(sing)whenwepassedtheclassroom.

soundsplayblowingtastesinging单元语法综合小练（单选1）1.Hesaidthathe______totheGreatWallwithhisparentslastyear.

A.goB.wentC.goesD.willgo2.Theteacheraskedus______wehadfinishedourhomework.

A.ifB.thatC.whatD.where3.Themusic______sobeautifulthatmanypeoplestoptolisten.

A.soundsB.soundC.issoundD.soundingBAA单元语法综合小练（单选2）4.Isawher______theroomquietlywhenIcameback.

A.enterB.enteringC.toenterD.entered5.Sheaskedme______Iwouldgotothepartythenextday.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.how6.Mymomtoldmethattheearth______aroundthesun.

A.goB.goesC.wentD.willgoBCB单元语法综合小练（句型转换1）1.Hesaid,"Iwillvisitmyaunttomorrow."（改为间接引语）→Hesaidthathe____________hisauntthenextday.2.Thesoupsmellsdelicious.（改为感叹句）→_________________thesoupsmells!3.Iheardhersingasongintheroom.（改为被动语态）→Shewasheard____________asongintheroom.wouldvisitHowdelicioustosing单元语法综合小练（句型转换2）4.Sheasked,"Whatareyoudoingnow?"（改为间接引语）→SheaskedwhatI____________then.5.Theflowerslookbeautiful.（改为同义句）→___________beautifultheflowerslook!

6.Wewatchedthechildrenplaygames.（对画线部分提问）→Whatdidwewatchthechildren______?wasdoing