2026届河北唐山市高三第一次模拟演练英语试题答案

唐山市2026年普通高等学校招生统一考试第一次模拟演练英语本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试时长120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisTombusydoing?A.PreparinganEnglishspeech.B.Learningpaper-cuttingskills.C.Teachingforeignstudentshistory.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Tom!Youlooksobusy.M:TheEnglishspeechcontestisdrawingnear.ThetopicisaboutChinesepaper-cutting.AndIwanttointroduceitshistorytoforeignstudents.W:Soundsgreat!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdothisafternoon?A.Haveatest. B.Reviewphysics. C.Exchangetheirnotes.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’mworriedaboutthecomingphysicstest.Ihaven’treviewedtheformulasyet.M:Don’tpanic.Let’sstudytogetherthisafternoon.Icansharemynoteswithyou.W:That’sverykindofyou.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisvolunteerwork?A.Quitefun. B.Ratherdemanding. C.Unexpectedlyrewarding.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Iheardyouvolunteeredatthecommunityfarmlastweekend.Whatdidyoudo?M:Ipickedstrawberriesandsoldthemtoraisemoneyfortheelderlycenter.IwentinjusttohelpoutbutIdidn’texpectsuchagenuinethank-youfromtheseniors.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemostlikelyrelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Motherandson.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Didyoufinishyourhomeworkbeforedinner?M:Almost.Igotstuckonthemathproblemagain.W:Hmm…rememberhowyoupractiseditlastweek?Whydon’tyoutryitwhileI’mtidyingupinthekitchen?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Developmentinruralareas.B.Familybusinessesinthevillages.C.Thelifechoicesofyoungvillagers.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Iwentbacktomyhomevillageforthefirsttimeinyears.Ibarelyrecognizedit,andmycousin’sfamilyturnedtheiroldhouseintoaguesthousefortourists.W:That’shappeningeverywherenow.Manyyoungpeoplestartonlinebusinessesintheirhometowns.Theseplacesarefulloflifeandopportunities.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whydoesthemangotothewoman?A.Toquestionthegrade. B.Tohandinhisessay. C.Toshowhishardwork.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.StopusingAI. B.Expresshisownideas. C.Betterhislanguage.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,Ms.White.Ijustcheckedmyessaygrade—it’sanF.Ireallydon’tthinkitdeservesanF.Iworkedreallyhardonit!W:Iknowyouputalotoftimeintoit,butthere’stoomuchAI-generatedcontent.Itlacksyourownopinionandanalysis.M:Oh…IonlyusedAItopolishthelanguage.W:Polishingisfine,butthecoreideasmustbeyours.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthenewrealityshowmainlyabout?A.Learningfarmingskills. B.Showingpersonaltalents. C.Doingcompetitivegames.9.Howdoesthewomanlikethenewrealityshow?A.Boring. B.Popular. C.Real.10.WhatwillLilydotonight?A.Gotothegym. B.Watchtheshow. C.Replytoatext.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyouwatchedthenewrealityshow?It’saboutyoungpeoplefromthecitylearningtoplantcropsinthecountryside.M:Yeah!Somepeoplefinditboringandpreferstagedtalentorgameshows,butIthinkit’sgreat.W:Itotallyagree.It’ssonatural,withnofakestorylines—sooriginalcomparedtothosepolishedTVprograms.Itreallyshowsthebeautyofrurallifeandhardwork.M:Exactly!Willyouwatchthenewepisodetonight?W:Sure!Let’scallLilytojoinus.M:Wait,isshefree?Iheardsheplannedtogotothegymtonight.W:Itextedherjustnow—shedecidedtoexerciselater.She’salsointerestedinthisshow!M:Perfect!Let’smeetatmyplaceat7then.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WheredidthemangorightbeforecomingtoChina?A.Thailand. B.India. C.Malaysia.12.WhatwillthemanpracticeinChina?A.TaiChi. B.Qigong. C.Calligraphy.13.Whatdoesthewomanprefertodo?A.Visitthecapital. B.Livearelaxedlife. C.Gotoauniversitytown.【答案】11.C12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:Howlonghaveyoubeentraveling?M:We’vebeentravelingfor8months.WestartedinSriLanka,thenwenttoIndiaandThailandandourlaststopbeforeChinawasMalaysia.W:WhatdidyouknowaboutChinabeforeyoucame?M:WelearnedabitfromlocalChinatowns—thingslikecalligraphy.I’vealsoheardofQigong,whichsomeofmyfriendspractice.Andwe’reexcitedtojoinaTaiChiworkshopwhilewe’rehere.W:Soundsamazing!Bytheway,I’mcuriousaboutcitiesinGermany.M:Berlinisthecapital,wherethegovernmentisbased.W:Isee.Whataboutothercities?M:Munichisknownforitsrelaxedlifestyle,andHeidelbergisfamousforitsuniversities.W:IthinkHeidelbergismyfavourite.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhydidDebbiestartsportsvolunteeringatfirst?ATogetapaidjob. B.Togiveback. C.Toearncollegecredits.15.WhatisDebbie’sgraduationpaperabout?A.Sportseventoperation. B.Practicalvolunteerskills. C.Tabletennischampionships.16.WhathelpsDebbiegetherjob?A.Hergraduationpaper. B.Herinterviewperformance. C.Hervolunteerexperience.17.WhichbestsummarizesDebbie’scareerpath?A.Fromplayertocoach. B.Fromstudenttointerviewer. C.Fromvolunteertomanager.【答案】14.B15.A16.C17.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Debbie,you’vemovedfromsportsvolunteeringtoapaidjob.Couldyoushareyourjourney?W:I’vebeenplayingfootballsinceIwas8,andvolunteershelpedmealot,soIstartedvolunteeringtogiveback.Incollege,Ivolunteeredattabletennischampionships,whichhelpedmegainpracticalskills.Mygraduationpaperfocusedonsportseventoperation,andmyvolunteerworkgavemeplentyofreal-lifeexamples.M:Didyouneedtobeanexpertinsportstovolunteer?W:No,Idon’tplaytabletennis!Butvolunteeringallowedmetocombinepracticalskillswithmyacademiclearning.M:Howdidthathelpyougetyourcurrentjob?W:Itwascrucial!Interviewerslikedmygraduationpaperandmyperformanceduringtheinterview,butwhatreallymademestandoutwasmyhands-onvolunteerexperience.NowIworkasamanagerinaswimmingorganization.M:Somepeoplesayvolunteeringdoesn’thelpwithcareer.Whatdoyouthink?W:That’snottrue!Volunteeringconnectspracticalskillsandacademicknowledge-itcanbeabridgetopaidjobs.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatmadeAngelinaTsuboifallinlovewithprogramming?A.Herteacher’sguidance. B.Thesenseofachievement. C.Theinterestinpuzzlegames.19.WhenwastheappLilaccreated?A.In2021. B.In2023. C.In2024.20.WhatadvicedoesAngelinaTsuboigivetoyoungpeople?A.Keepapositiveattitude. B.Exploregoodsituations. C.Getinspirationfromdailylife.【答案】18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】AngelinaTsuboi,18,discoveredherpassionforinnovationattheageof7.Withherteacher’sguidance,shecreatedapuzzlegame.Solvingproblemsonherowngaveherastrongsenseofachievement,whichmadeherloveprogramming.In2021,shedevelopedherfirstapp,Megaphone,tosolveunansweredclassroomquestions.Twoyearslater,inspiredbyherexperienceasthechildofasinglemother,shecreatedLilac,anappthathelpsnon-English-speakingsingleparentsaccesshousingresources.In2024,shelearnedtofly,butstruggledtofindfinancialsupport.ShethencreatedPilotFastTrack,anappthathelpsfuturepilotsfindscholarshipsforflighttraining.Lookingahead,Angelinahopestoexplorethefieldthatcombinescomputerscienceandelectricalengineering.Sheadvisesyoungpeople:“Nomatterwhatsituationyouarein,thereisalwaysawaytomakeitalittlebetter.”第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMostpasswordsarestillweak.AstudybySpecopsfoundthat98.5%ofreal-worldpasswordsareobjectivelyweak.Only1.5%ofpasswordsmadeitintothe“strong”zone,definedasbeingatleast15characterslongandusingtwoormorecharactertypes.Only3.3%ofpasswordswerelongerthan15characters.Thismeansthatmostpasswordscanbecrackedquicklyusinginexpensivepowerfulcomputertools.Themostcommonpasswordswereeightcharacterslongwithjusttwocharactertypes,suchas“Summer22”or“Office99”.About8%ofallpasswordsfellintothisdangerouslybasiczone.Closebehindwereeight-characterpasswordswithonlyonecharactertype,mostoftenlettersalone,andinmanycaseslowercaselettersonly.Theseaccountedforanother7.6%ofallpasswords.Whenpasswordlengthisheldconstant,securitydependslargelyonthevarietyofcharactersused.Thetablebelowillustratesthiseffect.CharactersetSizeofsetTotalcombinationsHowlongtocrack?15characterspasswordoflowercaseonly(a-z)262615~1.68×1021Easilycrackedwithpowerfultoolsindaysorweeks15characterspasswordoflowercase+uppercase(a-z,A-Z)525215~2.53×1025Muchhardertocrack,butstillpossibleovertime15characterspasswordofalphanumeric(a-z,A-Z,0-9)626215~7.70×1026Verystrongpasswordsformostpracticalusecases15characterspasswordofallprintablecharacters(a-z,A-Z,0-9,symbols)949415~2.25×1029NearlyimpossibletocrackInadditiontocharactervariety,passwordlengthalsoplaysanimportantroleinsecurity.Usingpasswordsof16to20characterswithatleasttwodifferentcharactertypes-letters,numbers,orsymbols-pushesthenumberofpossiblecombinationsintothetrillions.Evenhigh-endcrackingfarmswouldtakeyearsorcenturiestobreakthem.Inreality,however,weakpasswordsarestillverycommon.AsDarrenJames,SeniorProductManageratSpecops,notes,“Manyusersarestilllow-hangingfruitforonlinethieves,whocancracktheirpasswordsinseconds.”21.Whatpercentageofpasswordsarethemostcommontype?A.1.5%. B.3.3%. C.7.6%. D.8%.22.Whatisthemainfactorthetablecompares?A.Thesizeofset. B.Useofletters.C.Thecrackingmethod. D.Passwordlength.23.WhydoestheauthorquoteDarrenJames?A.Tointroducehiscompany. B.Towarntheonlinethieves.C.Tostresstheworryingreality. D.Tocriticizeusersforpoorchoices.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文字介绍一项研究，研究显示绝大多数现实密码强度很弱，仅少数符合强密码标准。密码长度与字符种类决定安全性，弱密码极易被破解，用户账号仍面临巨大风险。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Themostcommonpasswordswereeightcharacterslongwithjusttwocharactertypes,suchas“Summer22”or“Office99”.About8%ofallpasswordsfellintothisdangerouslybasiczone.(最常见的密码长度均为8个字符，且仅包含两种字符类型，例如“Summer22”或“Office99”。约8%的所有密码都处于这种极其简单的危险区域)”可知，最常见的密码占密码总数的百分比的8%。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenpasswordlengthisheldconstant,securitydependslargelyonthevarietyofcharactersused.Thetablebelowillustratesthiseffect.(当密码长度保持不变时，安全性主要取决于所使用的字符种类的多样性。下面的表格说明了这一现象)”以及表格第一列：Characterset，第二列：Sizeofset，可知，整表都是在对比：不同字符集大小→组合数多少→破解时间。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inreality,however,weakpasswordsarestillverycommon.AsDarrenJames,SeniorProductManageratSpecops,notes,“Manyusersarestilllow-hangingfruitforonlinethieves,whocancracktheirpasswordsinseconds.”(然而实际上，弱密码仍然非常常见。正如Specops公司的高级产品经理达伦·詹姆斯所指出的那样：“许多用户仍然是网络窃贼容易下手的目标，他们能在几秒钟内破解这些密码。”)”可知，作者引用达伦·詹姆斯的话以强调这一令人担忧的现实。故选C。BSajanVeerAbrolisthefounderoftheClothesBoxFoundationinGurugram,India.Hisstorybeganinahumbleway.Oneafternoonin2013,hedecidedtocleanouthiswardrobe(衣柜).“Ididnotwanttheclothestobethrownaway,soIcameupwiththeideaofdistributingthemtopeopleintheneighbourswhoneededthem.”Soon,Sajanwasjoinedbyfriendsandfamilywholovedtheconcept.“Wewouldmixandmatchtheclothesthatwereceived,makepairsandthendistributethesetolabourersatconstructionsites,”explainsSajan.Thishadawell-thought-outmotivebehindit,henotes.“Migrant(迁移的)labourersrarelygetclothes.Yourfirstpreferencewouldalwaysbeyourhousehelp.”In2015,aTVshowinvitedSajanandhisteamtosharetheirstory.“ItwasaTVshowthatchangedthegameforus,”recallsSajan.Theyhadn’trealizedthatthiswouldbethestartingpointfortheirsuccess.“Assoonastheshowaired,wewerefloodedwithcallsandmessages.”Theresponseshowedhowmuchpotentialthissocialprojecthad.AndSajanwasnotreadyto.letitgo.Laterthatyear,hequithisjobasananalystandturnedhisentirefocustotheClothesBoxFoundation.Overthenextdecade,theteamgrewtoareasignoredbyotherdonationdrives.Whenaskedabouthissuccess,Sajansays,“Well,welistentopeople.Wetakepeople’sresponseveryseriously.Wethenadaptthedonationstotheneedsofeachareawearedeliveringthemto.Clothesneedtosuitthepeopleineacharea.”ThejourneyhasbeenphenomenalforSajan,whosevoicecarriesaslightprideashespeaksofthefoundation’swork.“Reallearningcomesfromdoing,”heemphasizeswhenaskedwhatittakestorunsuchaprojectwithoutanypriorknowledge.Leadingaprojectthatlinkspeoplewhohaveextrawiththosewhoneedhelp,heshares,“I’vealwayslearntfrommyseniorsthatwherethereareproblemstherearealsoopportunities.”24.WhydoesSajandistributeclothestolabourers?A.Theyareoftenignored. B.Theirclothesweareasily.C.Hewantedtoattractattention. D.Hisfamilyaskedhimtodoso.25.WhatdidSajandecidetodoaftertheTVshow?A.Replytocallsandmessages. B.Focusentirelyontheproject.C.Organizeanewdonationdrive. D.Sharecharityexperiencewithpeople.26.WhatledtothesuccessofSajan’sproject?A.Hedeliveredwithoutdelay. B.Hehadalargesocialnetwork.C.Hetailoreddonationstolocalneeds. D.Hesawthepotentialinpublicservice.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheJourneytoGreatWealth B.TheProjectofCareerSuccessC.FromDonationtoRecognition D.FromWardrobetoCommunityHelp【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了印度古尔冈衣物箱基金会创始人萨詹·维尔·阿博尔，从清理衣柜捐赠衣物起步，逐步开展社区帮扶项目的历程。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Migrant(迁移的)labourersrarelygetclothes.Yourfirstpreferencewouldalwaysbeyourhousehelp.(外来务工人员很少能得到衣物。人们的第一选择总是会优先考虑自家的帮工)”可知，萨詹给务工人员分发衣物是因为他们经常被忽视，很少能获得衣物捐赠。故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Assoonastheshowaired,wewerefloodedwithcallsandmessages.(节目一播出，我们就接到了大量的电话和信息)”以及第五段中的“Laterthatyear,hequithisjobasananalystandturnedhisentirefocustotheClothesBoxFoundation.(那年晚些时候，他辞去了分析师的工作，将全部精力投入到衣物箱基金会中)”可知，电视节目播出后，萨詹决定全身心投入到这个帮扶项目中。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Well,welistentopeople.Wetakepeople’sresponseveryseriously.Wethenadaptthedonationstotheneedsofeachareawearedeliveringthemto.Clothesneedtosuitthepeopleineacharea.(嗯，我们倾听人们的声音。我们非常重视人们的反馈。然后我们会根据每个配送区域的需求调整捐赠物资。衣物需要适合每个地区的人们)”可知，萨詹的项目之所以成功，是因为他根据当地需求定制捐赠物资，让捐赠更贴合实际需求。故选C项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Oneafternoonin2013,hedecidedtocleanouthiswardrobe(衣柜).“Ididnotwanttheclothestobethrownaway,soIcameupwiththeideaofdistributingthemtopeopleintheneighbourswhoneededthem.”(2013年的一个下午，他决定清理自己的衣柜。“我不想让这些衣服被扔掉，所以我想到了把它们分发给邻居中需要的人。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了印度古尔冈衣物箱基金会创始人萨詹·维尔·阿博尔，从清理衣柜捐赠衣物起步，逐步开展社区帮扶项目的历程。由此可知，“从衣柜到社区帮扶”最能概括全文核心，适合作为标题。故选D项。CMorethan50yearsago,JaneGoodallstunnedthescientificcommunitybyreportingthatchimpanzees(黑猩猩)inTanzaniawereusingtoolstoextractinsectsoutoftheirnests.Thisobservationwasgroundbreaking,asscientistsbelievedtool-makingwasauniquelyhumancharacteristic.LouisLeakey,Goodall’sadvisor,famouslyresponded:“Nowwemustredefine‘tool’,redefine‘man’,oracceptchimpanzeesashumans.”Today,overwhelmingevidenceshowsthatmanyspecieslearnfromoneanother,developingculturalbehaviorsthatcanbepasseddownacrossgenerations.ArecentspecialissueofPhilosophicalTransactionsoftheRoyalSocietyBpresentsstudiesrangingfromwhalestowallabies,demonstratingthatsociallylearnedbehavioriswidespreadthroughouttheanimalkingdom.Formanyspecies,suchlearnedbehaviorisnotsimplyinterestingbutessential.Itallowsanimalstosharesurvivalskills,suchaswheretofindfoodorhowtoavoiddanger.Thesefindingsarealreadyinfluencingconservationpractices,fromreintroductionstomanagingconflictsbetweenhumansandwildlifeoverhabitatuse.Thisfocusonlearninghasalsoledtothegrowingideaof“longevity(长寿)conservation.”Studiessuggestthatsomelong-livedanimals,includingwhalesandgianttortoises,actaskeepersofecologicalknowledge.Theirlonglivesallowthemtoremembermigrationroutes,feedingareas,andresponsestoenvironmentalchange.Atthesametime,scientistsarestudyinghowtheseanimalsmaintaintheirhealthoverdecadesorevencenturies,discoveringbiologicalstrategiesthathelpresistdiseasesandrepaircells.Thesediscoveriesraisedifficultquestionsabouthowhumansdefineculturalheritage.Ifbirdsandwhaleshavetraditionssuchassongsorhuntingmethods,shouldthelossofthesebehaviorsbetreatedasseriouslyasthelossofhistoricalbuildings?Understandinganimalculturealsocastsdoubtonproposalssuchas“de-extinction,”whichaimstobringextinctspeciesbacktolife.Asaconservationstrategy,thisisfundamentallyunworkable.Withoutolderindividualstopassonknowledge,recreatedanimalswouldlacktheskillsneededtosurvive.Themorewelearnaboutotherspecies’cultures,theharderitistodenythatwearesurroundedbyaplanetfullof“others”.Trulyabsorbingthisknowledgemightjustencouragethemajorshiftweneedasprotectorsofthisrichbio-culturaldiversity.28.WhywasGoodall’sdiscoveryconsideredshockingatthetime?A.Shechallengedheradvisor. B.Louiscommentedonitpublicly.C.Chimpanzeeswererarelystudied. D.Onlyhumanswerebelievedtousetools.29.Whatcanbeinferredaboutanimals’learnedbehavior?A.Itisaffectedbygenes. B.Itexpandstheirhabitats.C.Itiscriticalfortheirsurvival. D.Itsettleshuman-wildlifeconflicts.30.Whatroledoolderanimalsplayaccordingtolongevityconservation?A.Protectorsofhabitats. B.Defendersagainstdiseases.C.Designersofmigrationroutes. D.Carriersofecologicalwisdom.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.TohonorJaneGoodall’swork. B.Tourgearethinkofanimals’cultures.C.Tocompareanimalculturalbehaviors. D.Toproposenewspeciesrevivaltechnologies.【答案】28.D29.C30.D31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍动物也存在文化行为与知识传承，打破人类对工具使用与文化独有认知，呼吁重新思考动物文化与保护方向。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thisobservationwasgroundbreaking,asscientistsbelievedtool-makingwasauniquelyhumancharacteristic.(这一观察具有开创性，因为科学家们认为制造工具是人类独有的特征。)”可知，当时科学界普遍认为只有人类才会制造和使用工具，而JaneGoodall发现坦桑尼亚的黑猩猩会使用工具从巢穴中提取昆虫，这一发现打破了人们的固有认知，因此令人震惊。故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Formanyspecies,suchlearnedbehaviorisnotsimplyinterestingbutessential.Itallowsanimalstosharesurvivalskills,suchaswheretofindfoodorhowtoavoiddanger.(对许多物种而言，这种习得行为不仅仅是有趣，更是至关重要的。它让动物能够分享生存技能，比如去哪里寻找食物或如何躲避危险。)”可知，动物的习得行为能帮助它们掌握寻找食物、躲避危险等关键生存技能，直接关系到它们的生存，因此对它们的生存至关重要。故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Studiessuggestthatsomelong-livedanimals,includingwhalesandgianttortoises,actaskeepersofecologicalknowledge.Theirlonglivesallowthemtoremembermigrationroutes,feedingareas,andresponsestoenvironmentalchange.(研究表明，一些长寿动物，包括鲸鱼和巨龟，充当着生态知识的守护者。它们漫长的寿命使它们能够记住迁徙路线、觅食区域以及应对环境变化的方法。)”可知，根据长寿保护理论，年长的动物凭借漫长的寿命，储存并传承着迁徙、觅食、应对环境变化等生态知识，是生态智慧的承载者。故选D项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第五段中的“Thesediscoveriesraisedifficultquestionsabouthowhumansdefineculturalheritage.Ifbirdsandwhaleshavetraditionssuchassongsorhuntingmethods,shouldthelossofthesebehaviorsbetreatedasseriouslyasthelossofhistoricalbuildings?(这些发现引发了关于人类如何定义文化遗产的难题。如果鸟类和鲸鱼有歌曲或狩猎方法等传统，那么这些行为的消失是否应该像历史建筑的消失一样被严肃对待？)”以及最后一段中的“Themorewelearnaboutotherspecies’cultures,theharderitistodenythatwearesurroundedbyaplanetfullof“others”.Trulyabsorbingthisknowledgemightjustencouragethemajorshiftweneedasprotectorsofthisrichbio-culturaldiversity.(我们对其他物种的文化了解得越多，就越难否认我们周围是一个充满“他者”的星球。真正吸收这些知识，或许能推动我们作为这种丰富生物文化多样性的保护者所需要的重大转变。)”可知，文章围绕动物存在文化行为和知识传承这一核心，通过一系列研究发现，引发人类对动物文化的重新思考，呼吁人们重视动物文化和生物文化多样性，因此本文的主要目的是促使人们重新思考动物文化。故选B项。DInhisnewessays,thedistinguishedphotographerMichaelCollinsmakesanappealfor.theartofcloseobservation.Hearguesthattheviewer’sroleistotrulylookatanimage,ratherthanrushontothenextone.“Photographyisnoweverywhere,”hecomplains,“andthiswidespreadpresenceleadspeopletolookbrieflyandmoveon,makingreflectiondifficult.”Thiscontrastbetweentherewardsofattentiontothesingleimageandtherealityofphotographicover-supplyformsthethreadthatrunsthroughBlindCorners:EssaysonPhotography.Thatdoesn’tmeaneveryimagedeservesthekindofcloseattentionCollinsadvocates.Mostphotographytoday,hesays,“istheenemyofphotographyitself”.Itgrows“louderandemptier”.Itshoutswithoutreallysayinganything.Collinsfavoursthephotographthatdoesn’tshoutbutleavesviewerstodetectthesoundbehindthesilence.Butheislessclearabouthowwewillknowwhenwecomeacrosssuchanimage,otherthanthatthereisamagictoit.Heisverygoodonthemagicpartoftherelationshipamongitselements,onwhathappenswhenwesetoffonasearch—anultimatelyhopelesssearch—toknowandunderstandtheworldasingleimagerepresents.Themagicinvitesusinandleadsustowonderandtospeculate.Thestillnessprovidesthemagic.Ourneedtoknowiswhatreallykeepsuslooking,andwhatreallyanimatestheimage.Aphotograph,likeabiography(传记),cannevertellusenough.Wealwayswanttoknowmore.AsCollinsdemonstratesthroughhisimaginingsaboutthefiguresofCoronationDay,theirstillnessandsilenceencourageustothinkweareteasinglywithinreachofknowingthem.ForCollins,aphotograph’spowerliesinitsveryuniqueness.However,thisisnotafashionableview,aswearemuchmoreusedtolookingatphotographsinrelationtooneanothertoday,notjustongallerywallsbutindigitalcollections.Thistendencytogroupphotographstogetherisdoubtlesstraceable,inpartatleast,tothephenomenonofover-supplyandthequestionofwhattodowithallthesephotos.YetforCollins,suchrelationalviewingcanweakenwhatgivesaphotographitsforceinthefirstplace:theintensityofsustainedattentiontoasingle,self-containedimage.32.WhatdoesCollinsthinkofmostphotostoday?A.Theyarequiterealistic. B.Theyaretoodistracting.C.Theylackrealmeaning. D.Theydeservecarefulstudy.33.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“speculate”inparagraph3?A.Guessreasonably. B.Judgecritically.C.Describeexactly. D.Recallclearly.34.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whystillnesscalmsviewers. B.Whystillnessinvitesimagination.C.Whystillnessprovidesanimation. D.Whystillnessshowsexactdetails.35.Whatadvantagedoesasingleimagehave?A.Itfitsintosocialmedia. B.Itallowsdeeperreflection.C.Itpresentsamorecompletestory. D.Itremindspeopleofsimilarimages.【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摄影师迈克尔·柯林斯在摄影随笔中倡导仔细观察单张照片，反对快速浏览大量无内涵的图片。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mostphotographytoday,hesays,“istheenemyofphotographyitself.”Itgrows“louderandemptier”.Itshoutswithoutreallysayinganything.(他说，如今大多数摄影“是摄影本身的敌人”。它变得“更喧闹也更空洞”。它大声喧哗，却没有真正表达任何内容)”可知，柯林斯认为现在的大多数照片缺乏真正的意义。故选C项。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Themagicinvitesusinandleadsustowonderandtospeculate.(这股魔力将我们吸引进来，并让我们心生好奇和speculate)”可知，wonder表示“感到好奇、想知道”，与之并列的speculate应是在好奇基础上进行的行为，结合语境，照片的静谧与魔力让人在观看时产生思考并进行合理猜测，因此speculate意为“合理地猜测”。故选A项。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Thestillnessprovidesthemagic.Ourneedtoknowiswhatreallykeepsuslooking,andwhatreallyanimatestheimage.(这种静谧带来了魔力。我们想要了解的欲望让我们持续观看，也让照片生动起来)”可知，第四段主要讲述为什么静谧能激发人们的想象。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“YetforCollins,suchrelationalviewingcanweakenwhatgivesaphotographitsforceinthefirstplace:theintensityofsustainedattentiontoasingle,self-containedimage.(然而对柯林斯来说，这种关联式观看会削弱照片原本的力量：对单张独立图像的持续专注强度)”可推知，单张图片的优势是能让人进行更深入的思考。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverfoundyourselflosingfocusduringaconversation,noddingalongbutfailingtounderstandwhattheotherpersonissaying?___36___Thisexperienceiscommon,asthemindoftenwanderstootherthoughtsevenwhilesoundscontinuetoreachtheears.Asaresult,yourconversationsandrelationshipscanbeaffected,especiallyifothersfeelunheard.___37___However,theyarequitedifferent.Hearinghappensnaturallywhensoundreachesyourears,evenifyouarenotpayingattention.Forexample,youcanheartrafficnoiseorvoicesinthebackgroundwhiledoinghomework.Listening,bycontrast,isanactiveandintentionalprocess.___38___Whenyoulisten,youfocusonthemeaning,emotions,andintentionsbehindthewords.Activelisteningallowsyoutorespondthoughtfullyandconnectmoredeeplywithothers.Bothhearingandlisteningplayimportantrolesinyourlives.Hearinghelpsyouunderstandyoursurroundings,whilelisteningbuildsconnectionandemotionalsupport.Alackoflisteningcanleadtoloneliness,stress,andemotionaldifficulties;feelinglistenedtopromotesbelonging.___39___Thenhowcanwestrengthenthelisteningskill?Tostart,developtherightstateofmindbystayingopen,curious,andfreeofjudgments.Next,focusfullyonthespeaker,noticingbothwordsandnonverbalimplicationswhileremovingdistractions.___40___Youcansummarize,askquestions,andconfirmthespeaker’sfeelings.Thesepracticesimproveunderstandingandhelpbuildstrongerconnections.A.Giveadviceonlyifrequired.B.Soweshouldtrytobebetterlisteners.C.Hearingandlisteningareoftenconfused.D.Withfullattention,youcanactivelyrespond.E.Insuchamoment,youarehearing,notlistening.F.Itrequiresyourattention,effort,andunderstanding.G.Thereareseveraldifferencesbetweenhearingandlistening.【答案】36.E37.C38.F39.B40.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要通过“听见”和“倾听”的本质区别的介绍，强调倾听在人际沟通中的核心价值，并提供提升倾听能力的具体方法。【36题详解】根据空前“Haveyoueverfoundyourselflosingfocusduringaconversation,noddingalongbutfailingtounderstandwhattheotherpersonissayi