形容词与副词

形容词与副词不规则形容词的比较级最高级原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastill/bad/badlyworseworstfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest一、形容词：形容词用来修饰物体的形状，大小，长度，属性，特点等，位于名词的前面。如：1.Heisahard-workingstudent.(努力的→特点)2.OurEnglishteacherhaslonghair.（长的→长度）3.Theelephantsareverybig,andthemiceareverysmall.

（大的、小的→大小）二、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的意义。英语中的形容词和副词，在句子里表示“比较”、“最”时，要用特别的形式，即：比较级和最高级。原来的形式称为原级。如：long-longer-longest原级-比较级-最高级1.Theblackpenisverylong.黑色的钢笔很长。2.Thebluepenislongerthantheblackone.

蓝色的钢笔比黑色的长。3.Theredpenisthelongestofthethree.

红色的钢笔是三支中最长的。三、形容词、副词比较级的用法表示两者间的比较用比较级。其常见句式有：1.“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B”意思为“A比B更……”。如：Thistreeistallerthanthatone.这棵树比那棵树高。注：①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度“强得多”。如：Awatermelonismuchbiggerthananapple.西瓜比苹果大得多。③very,quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。2.“become+形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级”是“变得越来越……”的意思，and连接同一个形容词的比较级。注：表示“越来越……”时，若比较级是“原级+er”构成的，则常用“比较级+and+比较级”形式；若比较级是“more+原级”构成的，需用“moreandmore+原级形式”。如：Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3.在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Whoistaller,TimorTom?谁更高，Tim还是Tom?四、形容词、副词的最高级用法形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：ofthethree,inourclass等等。如：Heisthetallestinourclass.他在我们班里是最高的。五、形容词最高级前一定要有定冠词the，而副词最高级前不需要。六、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成规则1.一般情况下，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est，如：small→smaller→smallest，short→shorter→shortest2.在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er或-est，如：big→bigger→biggest，hot→hotter→hottest3.以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st，如：large→larger→largest，nice→nicer→nicest4.以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，再加-er或-est，如：easy→easier→easiest，heavy→heavier→heaviest5.多数多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most，如：beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautiful，different→moredifferent→mostdifferent6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如：good→better→best，bad→worse→worst，many/much→more→most，little→less→least，far→further/farther→furthest/farthest..sunrainwindcloudfriendcareinterestuse1.掌握下列名词和形容词的转化sunnyrainywindycloudycarefulinterestingfriendlyuseful2.有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成realreally如:strongstrongly注意：1）词尾是y的要把y变为i再加ly如:busybusilyhappyhappily3）有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y如:true–trulyterrible--terribly2）以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly

如:widewidelybravebravely一、按要求写单词。1．cold(比较级)__________2.black(对应词)

_________3．big(最高级)

_________4.cloud(形容词)

_________5．thin(比较级)

__________6.new(反义词)

_______7．good(最高级)

_________8.heavier(原级)

______9．happy(比较级)

_________10.hot(比较级)

_______colderwhitebiggestcloudythinneroldbestheavyhappierhotter二、根据汉语提示写单词，完成句子。1．Mike'sfishis_________(更大的)thanyours.2．Don'tbe__________(担心的)．SheisOKnow.3．Sarahisvery_______(难过的)．Becauseherfatherisill.4．Ourmathsteacherisvery_________(严肃的)．5．—Howareyou，Mike？Youlookso_________(生气的)．

—MybrotherTomlostmynewwatch.6．Thisisa___________(可爱的)girl.7．Thefoodis__________(美味的)．biggerworriedsadseriousangrylovelydelicious8．Ilike_________(甜的)food.9．It's_________(暖和的)inspring.SoIlikeitverymuch.10.Weshouldeatmorefruitandvegetablestokeep__________(健康)．11．—What'sshelike?

—Sheis________(有礼貌的)．12．Heis_____________(辛勤的)andveryhelpfulathome.sweetwarmhealthypolitehard­working三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1．It'sa________(rain)day!2．Don'tplayinthestreet.It's_____________(danger)．3．Whois___________(tall)，youorLucy?4．Aliceismy________(good)friendofallmyfriends.5．Thetraingoes__________(fast)thanthebus.6．Mikeisas________(clever)ashisbrother.7．Lookatthetwobags.Theredoneis_______(big)．8．Itgets________and__________(warm)whenspringcomes.rainydangeroustallerbestfastercleverbiggerwarmerwarmer四、用画线部分的反义词填空。1．IsTomashortboyora_____boy?2．Thereisn'tmuchteainthebottle.Thereis_______teainthebottle.3．Thisquestionisn'teasyforme.It'stoo__________．4．Myfathergetsuplateinthemorning.Igetup______andgotoschool.5．—Isitveryhottomorrow？—No，itisvery______．6．Mymotherisyoung，andmygrandmotheris______．7．Mypencilislong，buthisis________．8．Ihaveasmallsweater，butit's______formylittlesister.talllittledifficultearlycoldoldshortbig五、单项选择。(

)1.—Isyourmathsteacher________？

—No，sheisn't.She'sverykind.A．kind

B．strict

C．young(

)2.Thewateris________andtheairis________inthevillage.A．fresh；clean

B．clean；white

C．clean；fresh(

)3.Johngotanicewatchyesterday.Sohelooked________．A．sad

B．angry

C．happy(

)4.Keep________！Don'ttalkinthereadingroom.A．quiet

B．quietly

C．quickBCCA(

)5.It'ssunnytoday.Theskyis________.A．green

B．blue

C．black(

)6.Jimis________thanhissister.A．strongest

B．strong

C．stronger(

)7.Thefishis________．Ilikeit.A．sour

B．hot

C．tasty(

)8.Mikeiseleven.Bobistwelve.Mikeis________thanBob.A．younger

B．older

C．tallerBCCA六、按要求完成下列句子。A)写出下列句子的同义句。1．Johnistallerthanmybrother.Mybrotheris_______________．2．Thisbookisnew.Thisis__________．3．TonyhasnotimeonMonday.Tony________onMonday.4．Sarahiselevenyearsold.Amyisnineyearsold.Amyistwoyears_____________Sarah.5．Samisstrong.Tomisstrong，too.Samis__________Tom.shorter

than

Johna

new

bookis

busyyounger

thanas

strong

asB)根据汉语意思完成下列句子。6．它们很辣。Theyare____．7．北京现在凉快吗？__it_______inBeijingnow?8．我的妹妹很聪明但是有一点儿害羞。Mysisterisvery_______butalittle_____．9．她吃了一些药，现在感觉好多了。Shetooksomemedicineandfeels_______now.10．我们的英语老师对我们很和蔼。OurEnglishteacherisvery________tous.hotIscoolclevershybetterkind一、按要求写单词。1．good(副词)

_______2.farther(原级)

_______3．easy(副词)

_______4.slowly(反义词)_______5．heavy(副词)_______6.badly(比较级)

_______7．much(比较级)______8.late(最高级)

_______9．early(比较级)

_______10.carefully(最高级)______________wellfareasilyfastheavilyworsemorelatestearlierthemostcarefully二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1．Heputonhiscoatandwentout_________(quick)．2．It'ssnowingandmyfatherdrives____________(careful)．3．Iplaytheguitar____________(good)thanmysister.4．—DoesJimrunas_________(slow)asDavid？—Yes，butMikeruns___________(slow)thanthem.5．Nancydances____________(beautiful)．quicklycarefullybetterslowlymoreslowlybeautifully三、单项选择。(

)1.—________areyouunhappy?

—Becausemydaughterisilltoday.A．When

B．Why

C．How(

)2.Jackgotup________.Becausehehadaheadache.A．late

B．early

C．soon(

)3.Whichskirtdoyoulike________，thewhiteoneortheblueone?A．good

B．better

C．best(

)4.HecanspeakEnglishas________ashisEnglishteacher.A．good

B．well

C．better(

)5.Thechildrenlookvery________today.Theyareplaying________inthepark.A．happy；happy

B．happy；happily

C．happily；happyBABBB四、从方框中选择适当的单词填空。(每词限用一次)1．I__________gotoschoolbybike.2．Theplaneflysvery______．3．Sarahwritesas______asLinda.4．Thechildrenareplayinggames________．5．Listentotheteacher_________inclass.6．Look！Thedogisrunning________．7．It'sraining_________．8．Sueisat_______now.9．_______canIgettothepolicestation?10．MyfriendFranksingswell，andheis______goodatplayingtheguitar.usuallyfastwelloutsidecarefullyawayheavilyhomeHowalsohow,away,outside,well,also,home,fast,usually,carefully,heavily五、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1．Shedoesherhomeworkas_______(糟糕)ashersister.2．Wehadasportsmeetingaweek_______(以前)．3．I________(通常)readEnglishinthemorning.4．Lilycomestoschool___(如此)early.badlyagousuallyso五、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。6．Thekiteisflying_____inthesky.7．Jackdoeshishomeworkso_________．Alltheanswersareright.8．It'snotdifficult.Icanfinishit__________．9．Don'tbe____forschool.10．Thechildrenaresleeping.Pleasewalkintotheroom________．highcarefullyeasilylatequietly六、对画线部分提问。1．Iwentto