Unit2SportscultureExtendedreading语言点课件-高中英语译林版（2019）选择性

XB2Unit2ExtendedreadingSprtsidimsGussinggameLoveme,lovemydog.Breakaleg.Whitenight.Ascoolasacucumber.Callofnature.Theappleofsomebody’seyesApieceofcake爱我，爱我的狗？打破一条腿？白夜？冷静的像个黄瓜？归隐田园？眼睛里的苹果？一块蛋糕？DoyouknowtheseEnglishidioms?爱屋及乌。祝你好运。不眠之夜。泰然自若。上厕所。珍视之物。轻而易举，小菜一碟Lookatthepicturesandpredictwhatsportsidiomswillbementionedinthearticle.BoxingBaseballFootballReadthearticleandfillinthechart.Fastreadingpara.1——introduction:________________ofidiomspara.2—4——Football

Para.5、6——Baseball____ofsportsidiomsPara._______——boxingpara.___——conclusionDefinitionandFunctionTypes/categories7、891.Whatisanidiom?2.Whatfunction(s)canidiomsperforminalanguage?DetailedreadingAnidiomisagroupofwordswithmeaningsdifferentfromthemeaningsoftheindividualwords.习语是一组字面含义与整体含义并不相同的词语。Idiomsmakelanguagemorecolourfulandexpressive.习语能让语言变得更加生动形象、富有表现力。Part1(Para.1):Everylanguagehasitsidioms,whicharegroupsofwordswithmeaningsdifferentfromthemeaningsoftheindividualwords.Idiomsmakelanguagemorecolourfulandexpressive.Sincesportisaninseparablepartofday-to-daylife,therearelotsofsportsidiomsthathavefoundtheirwayintoeverydaylanguage.Let’stakealookatsomeofthem!每种语言都有自己的习语。习语是一组词汇，它的意思不同于每个单独的词。习语让语言更为丰富多彩、更具表现力。由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分，许多体育习语也已融入人们的日常语言。让我们来看看其中几个吧！n.个人adj.单独的

独自的富有表现力的；意味深长的因为不可分离的separate分离分开设法进入；逐渐传入separatev.分离；分开

｜adj.分开的；单独的separateAfromB（把A从B中分开）Weneedseparateroomsforthemeeting.我们需要单独的房间开会。Theteacherseparatedthenoisystudentsfromtheothers.老师把吵闹的学生和其他同学分开坐。inseparableForthem,loveandresponsibilityareinseparable.对他们来说，爱与责任是密不可分的。beinseparablefromsb./sth.与……密不可分Sheisalmostinseparablefromherpetdog.她几乎和她的宠物狗形影不离。DetailedreadingParas.2-4Howmanyidiomsarementioned?Whatarethey?movethegoalpostsscoreanowngoalFootballFootball(orsoccer,asitiscalledintheUSA)isoneofthemostpopularsportsintheworldandmanycountrieshavetheirownfootballleagues.TheEnglishlanguageisfullofidiomswhicharethoughttohavecomefromfootball.足球（football，在美国又叫soccer），是世界上最受欢迎的体育运动之一，许多国家都有自己的足球联赛。英语中有许多习语被认为源自足球。

联赛

联盟；协会充满Itisthoughtthatregularexercisecanimprovepeople’shealth.据认为，规律运动能够改善人们的健康状况。→Regularexercise

isthoughtto

improvepeople’shealth.Itisthoughtthattheancientcitywas

builtintheTangDynasty.据认为，这座古城建于唐代。→Theancientcityisthought

tohavebeenbuiltintheTangDynasty.这座古城被认为建于唐代。sb./sth.isthoughttodo...

句型Itisthoughtthat...

从句用一般现在时句型sb./sth.isthoughttotohavedone...

句型Itisthoughtthat...

从句用一般过去时句型Sheisthoughttobeaskilledsurgeon.她被认为是一位技艺精湛的外科医生。

Itisthoughtthatsheisaskilledsurgeon.据认为，她是一位技艺精湛的外科医生。Heisthoughtto

havewonthecompetitionlastmonth.

他被认为在上个月赢得了比赛。

Itisthoughtthathewonthecompetitionlastmonth.据认为，他在上个月赢得了比赛。Theprojectisthoughttohavebeencompletedaheadoftime.这个项目被认为已提前完工。

Itisthoughtthattheprojectwascompletedaheadoftime.据认为，这个项目提前完工了。MeaninginfootballMeaningineverydayuseChinesemeaningchangethelocationof

goalpostsgoal（目标；球门）+post（柱子)球门柱unfairlychangetherulesorrequirementsforsomething改变规则；变卦Whatdotheymean？movethegoalpostsAsyouknow,inafootballmatch,playerstrytokickorheadtheballintotheopposingteam’sgoal,whichisthenetbetweentwobiggoalpostsfixedtotheground.Canyouimaginethateverytimeyouhaveachancetoscore,thegoalpostsaremoved?Thatwouldbenotonlydifficult,butalsoupsetting.Ifsomeone“movesthegoalposts”ineverydaylife,itmeanstheyunfairlychangetherulesorrequirementsforsomething.Aninsurancesalesmanwhoisabouttoreachhisannualsalestarget,onlyforthecompanytomakethetargethigher,couldrightlycomplainaboutthecompanymovingthegoalposts.onlyforsb.todosth.结果却……”“不料……v.顶相反的

对面的opponent对手opposite对立的球门

目标球门柱v.固定

修理地面地上进球

得分v.分数n.令人沮丧的不公平地n.保险

即将要

马上要每年的adj.目标n.正当地抱怨v.变卦

改变规则如你所知，在一场足球比赛中，球员们试图将球踢进或顶进对方球队的球门，也就是固定在地上的两根粗大门柱之间的那张网。你能想象，每次你有机会进球时，门柱却被移动了吗？那样的情形不仅难以应对，而且令人沮丧。如果在日常生活中有人movethegoalposts（移动门柱），意味着这些人不公正地改变了某件事情的规则或要求。如果一位保险销售员就快达到年度销售目标了，而公司却在这时提高了销售目标，那么他就可以正当地抱怨公司movethegoalposts。complainabout/of抱怨某事Shenevercomplainsabouttheheavyworkload,evenwhensheistired.即使很累，她也从不抱怨工作量大。Myneighborcalledtocomplainoftheloudnoisefromourpartylastnight.我的邻居打电话来，抱怨我们昨晚派对的噪音太大。Theoldmancomplainedaboutbeingignoredbyhischildren.这位老人抱怨自己被子女忽视了。complianto向……抱怨；向……投诉ShedecidedtocomplaintothemanageraboutthebrokenTV.她决定向经理投诉那台坏掉的电视机。onlyforsb.todosth.结果却……”“不料某人……Shemadeacakecarefully,onlyforherlittlebrothertodropitonthefloor.她精心做了一个蛋糕，不料被弟弟摔在了地上。Iwaitedforhimforanhour,onlyforhimtosayhewasn’tcoming.我等了他一个小时，结果他却说不来了。Irantothebusstop,onlytofindthebushadjustleft.我跑到公交站，结果却发现公交车刚开走。Shestayeduplatetofinishherhomework,onlytoforgettobringittoschool.她熬夜写完作业，结果却忘了带到学校。onlytodosth.结果却……/不料……MeaninginfootballMeaningineverydayuseChinesemeaningaccidentallykickingorheadingtheballintoone'sownnetsomeonemakesabadmistakewhichunintentionallyharmstheirowninterests乌龙球；做了对自己不利的事；搬起石头砸自己的脚偶然地adv.非故意地adv.n.利益Whatdotheymean？L22-24L24-26scoreanowngoal

Thankfully,goalpostsdonotreallymove—butwhenaplayerscoresanowngoal,heorshemightwishtheydid.“Scoringanowngoal”infootballmeansaccidentallykickingorheadingtheballintoone’sownnet,anditisoneoftheworstthingsthatcanhappentoafootballplayer.Ifsomeonemakesabadmistakewhichunintentionallyharmstheirowninterests,theyaresaidtohavescoredanowngoal.Youmightseethisexpressioninthenewspaperswhenthelocalcouncilmakesadecisionwhichbackfiresterribly!球门naccident意外事故accidental偶然的意外的sth.happenstosb.某事发生在某人身上非故意地intention目的意图兴趣

利益n.议会适得其反谢天谢地谢天谢地，门柱并不会真的移动——但是当一名球员scoreanowngoal（进乌龙球）时，他（她）说不定会希望球门真能移动。在足球中，进乌龙球的意思是不小心将球踢进或顶进了自己队的球门，而这是一名球员所能遇到的最糟糕的情况之一。如果有人犯下了无意中损害自身利益的严重错误，那么人们就会说，这样的人是在进乌龙球。当地方议会作出了一项决策，结果却适得其反时，你也许就会在报纸上看到这个说法！偶然地、意外地byaccident/bychance/accidentally/unexpectedlyUnexpectedly,theshygirlwonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.出乎意料的是，那个害羞的女孩赢得了演讲比赛一等奖。heballaccidentallyhitthewindowandbrokeit.球意外砸到窗户，把玻璃打碎了。Bychance,webothchosethesamemovieticketonline.碰巧的是，我们俩在网上选了同一张电影票。Imetmyoldclassmatebyaccidentinthesupermarketyesterday.我昨天在超市偶然遇到了老同学。onpurpose故意地deliberately/intentionallyThecompanydeliberatelyraisedthepricetoincreaseprofits.这家公司蓄意抬高价格来增加利润。Hedeliberatelyignoredmycallsbecausehewasangrywithme.他因为生我的气，故意不接我的电话。Shedidn’tbreakthecupbyaccident—shediditonpurpose.她不是不小心打碎杯子的，而是故意的。Thewitnessclaimedthatthemanintentionallydamagedthepublicproperty.目击者声称这名男子故意损坏公共财物。Aluckythinghappenedtomyfriendyesterday—shewonafreeconcertticket.昨天一件幸运的事发生在我朋友身上——她抽到了一张免费的演唱会门票。Whathappenedtoyou?Youlooksotiredandupset.你怎么了？（什么事发生在你身上了？）你看起来又累又沮丧。Anaccidenthappenedtothedriverwhenhewasdrivingintheheavyrain.那位司机在大雨中开车时，发生了一场意外。sth.happenstosb.某事发生在某人身上类似短语

：？？？？Abigfirebrokeoutintheneighborhoodlastnight.昨晚小区里突然爆发了一场大火。DetailedreadingHowmanyidiomsarementioned?Whatarethey?Paras.5-6intheballpark/aballparkestimatethrowsomeoneacurveballthreestrikesandyouareoutParas.5-6ReadPara.5-6carefullyandmatchtheidiomswiththeirexplanation.roughlyestimatingthingsthatareunexpectedanddifficulttorespondtosituationswhereyoumissthreechancesDetailedreadingintheballpark/aballparkestimatethrowsomeoneacurveballthreestrikesandyouareoutIfwedonotknowexactlywheretheballisduringthegame,wecanassumethatitissomewhereintheballpark.Itisdifficultfortheotherteamtohandle.Abatterisoutaftermakingthreeunsuccessfulattemptstohittheball.LiteralmeaningImplicitmeaningBaseballBaseballisanoldandpopularsportthathasgiventheEnglishlanguagemanydifferentidioms.Youmighthaveheardexpressionslike“intheballpark”or“aballparkestimate”.Thevenuewhereabaseballgameisplayediscalledaballpark.So,evenifwedonotknowexactlywheretheballisduringthegame,wecanassumethatitissomewhereintheballpark.Forthisreason,peopleusetheexpression“intheballpark”or“aballparkestimate”totalkaboutroughestimates.场地即使

尽管到底adv.假定；假设；认定因此估计粗略的

大概的棒球是一项古老而广受欢迎的体育运动，它也为英语提供了许多不同的习语。你也许听过intheballpark（在棒球场里）或是aballparkestimate（一个棒球场的估计）这样的说法。进行棒球比赛的场地被称为棒球场（ballpark）。因此，即便我们在棒球比赛中并不知道球的准确位置，我们仍然可以认定它就在球场内的某处。为此，人们会用intheballpark或者aballparkestimate这样的说法来谈论粗略的估计。

Anothercommonbaseballexpressionis“throwingsomeoneacurveball”.Curveballsareballsthatsuddenlyturnintheair,andtheseareofcoursedifficultfortheotherteamtohandle.Weusethisexpressiontodescribethingsthatareunexpectedanddifficulttorespondto.“Threestrikesandyouareout”isanotheridiomthatcomesfrombaseball.Asitsuggests,inbaseballthismeansthatabatter(thepersonwiththebaseballbatinhisorherhands)isoutaftermakingthreeunsuccessfulattemptstohittheball.Thisidiomisoftenusedtotalkaboutsituationswherepeoplefailafterwastingthreechances.转向转弯处理出乎意料的应对表明v击球手bat球拍

球棒尝试

试图n./v.另一个常见的棒球相关说法是throwsomeoneacurveball（给某人扔一个曲线球）。曲线球（curveball）是指能在空中突然转向的球，而这种球必然会让对方球队难以应付。我们用这个说法来形容那些出乎意料又难以应对的事情。threestrikesandyouareout（三振出局）是另一个来自棒球的习语。正如字面意思所说，三振出局在棒球运动中指的是击球手（手持棒球球棒的人）如果连续三次未能击中，就会出局。这个习语经常用于谈论某人错失三次良机后失败的情况。DetailedreadingHowmanyidiomsarementioned?Whatarethey?Paras.7-8belowthebeltthrowinthetowelReadtheparagraphsaboutboxingidiomsandfillinthefollowingtable.IdiomChinesetranslationMeaninginboxingMeaningineverydaylifeExamplebelowthebeltthrowinthetowel放弃不公正的、伤人的hittingtheopponentbelowthewaistthrowingatowelintotheringtoendthefightabehaviourthatisunfairandharmfuladmittingdefeatandgivingupSomeonemakesanunfairandcruelremark.Notmentioned.BoxingEnglishalsohasalargenumberofidiomsconnectedwithboxing,whichhasbeenapopularsportforthousandsofyears.Aboxerisnotallowedtousehisorherfiststohittheopponentbelowthewaist.Hencecomestheidiom“belowthebelt”.Inday-to-daylife,ifsomeonemakesanunfairandcruelremark,wecandescribeitas“belowthebelt”.英语中也有大量习语与拳击有关，这是一项数千年来一直很受欢迎的运动。拳击手不允许用拳头击打对手腰部以下的部位。因此有了belowthebelt（腰部以下，意为不正当的、伤人的）这个习语。在日常生活中，如果有人发表了有失公允的刻薄评论，我们就可以形容这种评论是belowthebelt。beconnectedwith与...相关不被允许做...对手n.因此不公正的残忍的

刻薄的

评论so连词（conj.）

therefore/thus/hence副词（adv.）forthisreason介词短语

thatiswhy独立句子因此

所以Theweatherwasextremelybad;________,theflightwascanceled.Shedidn’tpreparefortheexamatall,________shefaileditcompletely.Hehasdevotedhimselftocharityfordecades.________heishighlyrespectedbyeveryoneinthecommunity.他从未放弃自己的梦想，这就是他最终成功的原因。Henevergaveuphisdream,________hesucceededfinally.她精通三门外语，因此被这家跨国公司录用了。Sheisproficientinthreeforeignlanguages,________shewashiredbythismultinationalcompany.comestheidiom“belowthebelt”完全倒装句1.表示地点/方向的副词置于句首常见副词：here,there,up,down,out,in,away,off等条件：谓语动词为come,go,run,fly,rush等不及物动词；主语为名词（代词不倒装）。Thebuscomeshere.→Herecomesthebus.公交车来了。Hereisaletterforyou.→Aletterforyouishere.这儿有你的一封信。HereisyourIDcard.→YourIDcardishere.这是你的身份证。Herecametherainsuddenly.→Theraincameheresuddenly.雨突然下了起来。Hereitcomes.→

它来了。（主语it是代词）2.地点介词短语置于句首Atthefootofthemountain，Infrontof主语必须是名词Asmallvillageliesatthefootofthemountain. Atthefootofthemountainliesasmallvillage. 山脚下坐落着一个小村庄。Twotalltreesstandinfrontofourclassroom. Infrontofourclassroomstandtwotalltrees. 我们教室前矗立着两棵大树。Manyfishliveinthelake. Inthelakelivemanyfish. 湖里生活着很多鱼。Atthefootofthemountain________(lie)severaloldhouses,whichhavebeenpasseddownfromtheQingDynasty.Undertheancientbridge________(flow)asmallstream.Oneveryshelfofthelibrary________(place)hundredsofbooks,mostofwhicharewritteninEnglish.Besidetheroad________(grow)agroupoftreesthatareover50yearsold.Insidethebox________(be)apairofglassesandtwodictionaries.Aroundthelake________(plant)alotofflowersthat________(water)everymorning.lieflowsareplacedgrowisareplantedarewateredThebusgoesthere.(there)→Theregoesthebus.Itcomeshere.(here)→Hereitcomes.Asmallparkliesbehindourschool.→Behindourschoolliesasmallpark.Manystarsshineinthesky.→Intheskyshinemanystars.Astonebridgestandsovertheriver.→Overtheriverstandsastonebridge.FromChinaemergedMaoZedong. MaoZedongemergedfromChina. 中国出了个毛泽东。“Throwinginthetowel”isanothercommonidiomthatcomesfromboxing.Whenaboxerislosingbadlyandistootiredorconfused

togiveuponhisorherown,thecoachwillliterallythrowatowelintotheringtoendthefight.Ineverydaylife,thisidiomsimplymeansadmittingdefeatandgivingup.（扔毛巾）是另一个来自拳击的常用习语。当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太过疲惫或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。在日常生活中，这个习语就是“承认失败，放弃”的意思。迷惑的

困惑的adj.某人自己某人自己教练擂台v.结束n.________?coach/kəʊtʃ/①

教练；指导者

②

（火车的）客车车厢Shehiredamathcoachtohelpherprepareforthecollegeentranceexamination.她雇了一位数学辅导老师，帮自己备战高考。Allpassengersarerequiredtogetonthesecondcoachofthetrainbeforedeparture.发车前，所有乘客需登上列车的第二节车厢。admit/ədˈmɪt/

①承认admit+名词/代词

承认....

Herefusedtoadmithisfault/mistakeintheaccident.他拒绝承认自己在这场事故中的过错。admit+doingsth.承认做过某事admit(that)从句Theboyadmittedbreakingthewindowwithaball.这个男孩承认用球砸破了窗户。Shefinallyadmittedthatshehadliedtoherparents.她最终承认自己对父母撒了谎。admit②允许进入admitsbto/into＋地点团体

准许某人进入....这家超市不准宠物进入。Theydon’tadmitpetsintothesupermaket.beadmittedto/into＋地点团体某人被准许进入只有持票者才被允许进入音乐厅。Onlyticketholdersareadmittedto/intotheconcerthall.考上大学beadmittedtouniversity/college

Afteryearsofhardwork,hewasfinallyadmittedtoamedicalcollege.经过多年努力，他终于考上了一所医学院。Topathletescanbeadmittedtouniversitywithouttakingthecollegeentranceexaminsomecountries.在一些国家，顶尖运动员可以免高考进入大学。Afteryearsofhardtraining,shefinallygotthechancetostandintheringandfightforthenationalprize.经过多年的刻苦训练，她终于得到了站上擂台、争夺全国奖项的机会。Sheworeasimplesilverringthathergrandmotherhadgivenheronherbirthday.她戴着一枚简约的银戒指，那是她奶奶在她生日时送给她的。Wewereabouttoleavethehousewhentheringofthedoorbellsuddenlystoppedus.我们正要出门，突然响起的门铃声音拦住了我们。Thealarmclockringsat6o'clockeverymorningtowakemeup.闹钟每天早上六点响，把我叫醒。ringn.①

铃声

②

戒指

③擂台

④v.响铃——rang——rungSportischallengingandsoislife.However,whenyouarethrownacurveball,donotthrowinthetowel—workhard,becarefulnottoscoreanowngoal,andyouaresuretomakeit!体育运动充满了挑战，生活同样也是如此。然而，当你接到一个曲线球时，不要放弃——努力奋斗，注意别进乌龙球，你就一定会成功！Themeetingstartedat9a.m.,butIdidn'tmakeitbecauseoftheheavyrain.会议早上9点开始，但因为下大雨我没能赶到。Willyoumakeittomybirthdaypartythisweekend?这个周末你能赶来参加我的生日派对吗？I'mafraidIcan'tmakeittotheairporttoseeyouoff.恐怕我没法赶到机场为你送行。Eventhoughlifeishardsometimes,wehavetomakeit.尽管生活有时很艰难，我们还是得熬过去。makeit成功做到；及时赶到Chooseoneidiomandmakesentenceswithit.movethegoalpostsscoreanowngoalintheballpark/aballparkestimatethrowsomeoneacurveballthreestrikesandyouareoutbelowthebeltthrowinthetowele.g.Ourteacheralwaysmovesthegoalpostswhenitcomestohomework.First,shesaiditshouldbe500words,butthensheaskedfor800words.Trytothinkofsomesituationsaboutyourreallife.Sportischallengingandsoislife.However,whenyouarethrownacurveball,donotthrowinthetowel—workhard,becarefulnottoscoreanowngoal,andyouaresuretomakeit!ReadPara.9andanswerthequestions.Q1:Whatistheauthor'smeaninginPara.9?Pleasefindoutthesportidiomsandwritedowntheimplicitmeanings.>Toecho(呼应)theidiomsintroducedabove.>Toaddasenseofhumourtothearticle.>Tomaketheconclusioncolorfulandexpressive.Q2:WhydoestheauthorendPara.9withtheseidioms?arefacedwithunexpectedanddifficultsituationsgiveupnottomakemistakesunintentionallyandharmothers’interests4.Wewereabouttosignthecontractwhentheotherguys_________________andsaidtheywantedmoremoney.5.WhenSamwaslateforworkagain,themanagersaid,“You’vebeenlatetwicethisweek.Thisismyfinalwarning—_________________________!”3.Ithinkifsomeonewantstocriticizeme,theyshouldfocusonmywork.Mentioningmypastproblemis___________________.2.Thecoachwasn’tsurewhatthefinalresultwouldbe,sohegavethejournalist_________________.Practicemakesperfect.

aballparkestimatethrowsbacurveballthreestrikesandyouareouthitbelowthebeltmovethegoalposts1.Theprofessor_____________________whenheaskedhisstudentstosolveaproblemthattheyhavenevermet.threwthemacurveballaballparkestimatehittingbelowthebeltmovedthegoalpoststhreestrikesandyouareoutHowtointroduceanidiom?I’dliketointroduceaninteresting(unexpected/expressive…)Chineseidiom…Thisidiomisrelatedto…Thisidiomisabout…Thisidiomisderivedfrom…Itmeansthat…Itisnowusedto…Youmightseethisexpression…Forinstance/example,youcanusethisidiomif…Youcanusethesesentences：Introducethebackgroundinformation.Giveanidiom.Explaintheliteralmeaning.Explaintheimplicitmeaning.StepsItmeansthatthearrowisfittedtothestring.Thisidiomisnowusedtodescribeacriticalmoment.n.弦Itmeansgettingupearlyinthemorninguponhearingthecrowofaroosterandpractisingwiththesword.Thisidiomisusedtodescribesomeonewhoisveryhard-working.n.剑，刀DoyouknowanyChinesesportsidioms?HowChinesesportsidiomsaredifferentorsimilartoEnglishsportsidioms?martialartshistoricalstoriesoreventsositivencouragingdditionalChinesesportsidiomscomemostlyfrom_____________likeshootingorsworddancing.Theyareusuallyderivedfrom________________________,whichisquitedifferentfromEnglishsportsidioms.ManyChinesesportsidiomsshowquitep______ande__________meanings.However,bothChineseandEnglishsportsidiomshavedevelopedsomea________meaningsandareoftenusedindailylife.HomeworkCompulsoryone:

Writeandpolishyourintroductionof1Chineseidiom.(Nolessthan80words)Optionalone:

Searchformoresportsidioms,thinkabouthowChinesesportsidiomsaredifferentfrom

or

similartoEnglishsportsidioms.Pleasewritedownyourthoughtsandsharewiththeclassnexttime.Makingsentencesexamples:如果你说的是五百万，那就差不多了。Ifyousaidfivemillion,you'dbeintheballpark.AllthatIcandonowisgiveyouaballparkestimate.我现在能做的就是给你一个大致的估计。Theworkerscomplainedthattheirbossthrewthemacurveball.工人们抱怨老板有意刁难他们。Makingsentencesexamples:别再迟到了，事不过三。Don’tbelatea