Unit1TimetorelaxGrammarFocus课件人教版八年级英语下册

Unit1TimetoRelaxHowdoyouspendyourfreetime?GrammarFocuslearningobjectivesLanguageKnowledge:Mastercorevocabularyandsentencepatternsrelatedtofree-timeactivitiesand"overcomingdifficulties",andunderstandtheirusage.LanguageSkills:Beabletolistentoandtalkaboutfree-timeactivitiesandinitialexperiences,andconductsimpleoralandwrittenoutput.AffectiveAttitude:Facesetbacksinlearningnewskillssquarelyandfostertheawarenessofpersistenceandnotgivingupeasily.CulturalAwareness:Learnaboutcommonfree-timeactivitiesofteenagersathomeandabroad,anddevelopahealthyconceptofleisurelife.Ineedsomebody________Somebody_________Somebody__________Somebody__________It'seasy________Butit'sneverthesametohealtoknowtoholdtohavetosay非谓语动词todoGrammarFocusWhatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoiceskate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.Whatarethey?Theinfinitives（动词不定式）开始做某事；进入试一试某事Infinitive动词不定式定义概述用法动词不定式由to+动词原形构成（有时可省略to），是非谓语动词的一种，没有人称和数的变化，能在句中作多种成分。动词不定式的基本形式：todo(有时to可以省略)，否定形式为nottodo。不定式是非谓语动词形式中的一种，可以在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语、和状语等。动词不定式通常由“to+动词原形”构成，其中to是不定式符号，没有实际意义，有时可以不带to。动词不定式的否定形式是“notto+动词原形”。Sheaskedmetoplanatreasurehunt.她要我策划一个寻宝游戏。→Sheasked

atreasurehunt.她要我不要策划一个寻宝游戏。构成（导学案）menottoplanWhatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoiceskate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.Readthesentences.Decideifeachinfinitiveinboldfunctionsasanobjectcomplementoradverbial.4a作宾语补足语宾语动词不定式作宾语补足语1.

基本结构：主语+谓语动词+宾语+todo（不定式）

作用：补充说明宾语“要做什么”“去做什么”，让句子意思更完整。2.

常考动词分类-必须带to的动词：ask,tell,want,wouldlike,teach,encourage

等3.必须省略to的动词：see,watch,hear,make,let

等（感官/使役动词）动词不定式作宾语补足语常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）有

tell，ask，want，teach，encourage，expect，wish，invite，wouldlike等。Hetold

.他告诉我们休息一下。Iexpect

.

我期待你克服这些困难。用于解释说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于宾语后面，构成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。导学案ustohavearestyoutogetoverthesedifficulties不带to的情况（1）在使役动词let，make，have之后作宾语补足语。Myparentsletme

cartoonsfor20minuteseverynight.

我父母允许我每晚看20分钟动画片。ImadeAlice

hermind.

我让爱丽丝改变了想法。Mymotheroftenhasme

mybedroomonweekends.我妈妈经常让我在周末打扫卧室。允许、放任（语气温和，无强制性）迫使、强迫（语气强硬，有强制性）让、叫、请（语气中性，偏“安排/请求”）watchchangeclean导学案（2）在感官动词（短语）feel，hear，listento，see，watch，notice，lookat

之后作宾语补足语。Isawher

halfanhourago.半小时前我看见她离开了。Shelikestolistentothebirds

inthemorning.

她喜欢早上听鸟儿唱歌。Theyarelisteningtotherain

againstthewindow.

他们正听着雨点敲打窗户的声音。注意：do

强调动作的全过程或经常性

doing强调动作正在进行leavesingbeating（3）help后的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to。Pleasehelpme

atent.请帮助我搭帐篷。Theteacherhelpedus

thegroupproject.

老师帮我们完成了小组课题。（to）putup(to)finish一感（feel），二听（hear，listento），三让（have，make，let），四看（see，watch，notice，lookat），半帮助（help）（即动词不定式在help后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无）。巧记动词不定式不带to的情况Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoiceskate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.Readthesentences.Decideifeachinfinitiveinboldfunctionsasanobjectcomplementoradverbial.4a为了放松，我吹长笛为了滑冰，我去了体育中心表目的，“为了”不定式充当状语1.

表目的：用

todo

/

inordertodo

，说明动作的目的，

soastodo

不能放句首。2.

表原因：跟在glad、sad等情感形容词后，用

be+情感形容词+todo

。3.

表结果：常搭配

too...to...

（太……而不能）、

enoughto...

（足够……去做）结构。

，youshouldchangeyoureatinghabits.为了保持健康，你应该改变饮食习惯。Igetupearly

.

我早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。Tokeephealthytocatchthefirstbus导学案Hestayeduplate

finishhishomework.

他熬夜是为了完成作业。Weshouldplantmoretrees

protecttheenvironment.我们应该多植树来保护环境。注：为了加强语气，可在不定式前加inorderto或soasto，含义不变:inorderto：可放句首或句末soasto：只能放句末inordertosoasto导学案I’msorry

.听到那件事我很难过。常接在作表语的形容词后面。（2）动词不定式作原因状语Sheistooyoung

.

她太小了，不能上学。常接用在“too...to”结构中。（3）动词不定式作结果状语tohearthattogotoschool导学案不定式作主语1.

基本结构结构1：Todo（不定式）+谓语动词+其他结构2：It+谓语动词（常用is）+其他+todo（不定式）（避免句子头重脚轻，更常用）2.作用：不定式作主语，用来表示具体的动作、目的或将要发生的事。注意：不定式作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。（1）动词不定式作主语导学案

ismydream.成为一名优秀的飞行员是我的梦想。动词不定式作主语时，一般位于句首，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。It’sdifficultforme

.对我来说，打篮球很难。注意：动词不定式作主语时，可以将动词不定式放在后面，而用it作形式主语，这是为了保持句子的平衡，避免头重脚轻。TobecomeanexcellentpilottoplaybasketballWhatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoiceskate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.Readthesentences.Decideifeachinfinitiveinboldfunctionsasanobjectcomplementoradverbial.4a作动词宾语动词不定式作动词宾语1.

基本结构：谓语动词+to+动词原形2.

常见动词：后接不定式作宾语的高频词：-想要类：want,hope,wish,wouldlike-决定类：decide,plan-其他：try,learn,agree,forget,remember（2）动词不定式作宾语She

nextyear.

她希望明年去参观长城。We

thisweekend.

我们决定这个周末去野餐。①常接动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）有want，decide，hope，agree，wish，learn，choose，begin，plan，expect，forget，wouldlike等。hopestovisittheGreatWalldecidedtohaveapicnic导学案Ithink

it

helpful

everyday.

我认为每天锻炼很有帮助。②常用

it作形式宾语，而将动词不定式放在后面作真正的宾语。真正宾语形式宾语toworkout导学案不定式作后置定语1.

基本结构名词/代词+todo（不定式）2.作用：放在名词或代词后面，用来修饰这个词，说明它的用途、内容或将要发生的动作。注意：不定式作后置定语时，要和前面的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词，需要加相应介词。不定式作表语1.

基本结构：主语+be动词（am/is/are）+todo（不定式）2.作用：放在be动词后，说明主语的具体内容、目的或将要发生的

动作。注意：不定式作表语时，主语常是表示目标、任务、梦想、计划等的名词（如goal,task,dream,plan）。（3）动词不定式作定语MountHuangshanisagoodplace

.黄山是个好玩的地方。动词不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。Herdreamis

.她的梦想是当一名护士。常位于系动词be后面。（4）动词不定式作表语tohavefuntobeanurse导学案动词不定式主语固定搭配后置定语表语状语作宾语作宾补宾补（省略to)表目的表结果表原因Summary1.A:Thanksforyouradvice!Itmademe___________(decide)totryskiing.B:You'rewelcome.Try____________(forget)yourfearsandhavefun!2.A:Mycousinoftenasksme___________(fly)kiteswithherwhenit'swindy.B:Thatsoundsfun!I'dlovetowatchyou___________(fly)kitessometime.3.A:Ilovetowatchkungfumovies____________(relax).B:Really?WhenIwant__________(relax),Iwatchanimalvideos.4.A:Myparentstoldme_____________(notpush)myselftoohard.B:Yes,it'simportant_____________(notforget)torelaxonceinawhile.Completetheconversationswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4bdecidetoforgettorelaxfly

toflytorelaxnottopushnottoforget作宾补作宾语作宾补作宾补作目的状语作宾语作宾补作主语

MytwinbrotherandIlookalike,butwearesodifferent.Ilovesport,andIoftenmeetmyfriends_______footballandtennis.Mybrotherjoinedustoplayfootballonceortwice,buthedecided__________afterthat.Hedoesn'tlikesportverymuch!Instead,helikes_________athomeand_______movies,_______tomusic,andchatwithfriendsonline.Ourparentswereworriedabouthimstayinghometoomuch.Theyalsowantedus________moretimetogetherasafamily.So,nowtheyletus_____ourfavouriteactivitiesonSaturdays,butonSundays,wegoonafamilyoutingtogether!Completethepassagewiththeinfinitiveformsoftheverbsinthebox.Whatdoyouusuallydooutdoors?4c(not)comedolistenplayspendstaywatch

toplaynottocometostaywatchlistentospenddo作目的状语作宾语作宾补一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.LisaandBettylikeplayingping-pong,sotheychoose_________(join)theping-pongclub.2.Theteacherasksus_________(speak)Englishinclass.3.Whenyouplan________(join)aclub,thetestcansharesomegoodideas.4.Itisbest___________(notagree)withotherswithoutfurtherthinking.5.It’simportantforparents_________(teach)theirkidstousedigitaldevicesproperly.tojointospeaktojoinnottoagreetoteach导学案6.Theyhelpedthehomeless_______

(live)acomfortablelifeandthepoorkidstogotoschool.7.Hewantsthestudents_____(eat)well.8.Theteachermadehisstudents_____(come)intothemeetingroomontime.9.Theboywasfree_____(go)whereheliked.10.Nobodytellshimwhat_____(do)next.tolivetoeatcometogotodoEvery"todo"actionisstrivingforwhatyoulove.Nevergiveupeasily,andletyourhobbiesbecomethepowertomakeyourselfbetter!每一个“todo”的行动，都是在为自己的热爱努力，别轻易放弃，让爱好成为让自己变优秀的力量吧！Exercise1.

Iplaythepiano______relaxedafterschool.A.relaxB.torelaxC.relaxingD.relaxed2.

Myteachertoldme______lateforclassagain.A.don’tbeB.notbeC.nottobeD.tonotbe3.

Thelittlegirlwants