Unit2MoralsandVirtuesReadingforwriting语言点课件-高中英语人教版

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storyUnit

2

Reading

for

writing寓言故事LanguagePointsTHE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara1Onceuponatime从前

therewasakingwhooftenthought,

“Nothinggoodcancometoanationwhosepeopleonlycomplainandexpectothersto期望某人做solvetheirproblems．”Oneday,hehadanidea．从前有一个国王，他经常想:“如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，指望别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有什么好事。”一天，他有了一个主意。定语从句complainaboutmakeacomplaintaboutthink→thought

THE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara2Earlyonemorning,thekingdisguisedhimselfandwenttoalocalvillage．Heplacedalargestoneinthemiddleof在...中间

themainstreetandhidgoldcoinsunderthestone．Thenhehidbehindahugemapletreeandwatched．一天清晨，国王乔装打扮，来到当地的一个村庄。他在大街中间放了一块大石头，把金币藏在石头下面。然后他躲在一棵巨大的枫树后面看着。disguiseoneself(as)化装（成）hide→hid→hiddenTHE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara3

Thefirstpersondown沿着

thestreetwasamilkmanwithhiscart．Hecrashedinto撞到...上thestone,spillingthemilkeverywhere．“Whatfoolputthisstonehere？”heshouted．Hepickedhimselfupand

angrilywentaway．一天

第一个走到街上的人是一个推着手推车的送奶工。他撞在石头上，牛奶洒得到处都是。“哪个傻瓜把这块石头放在这儿?”他喊道。他爬起来生气地走了。picksb/sthup捡起，学会，（车、飞机）承载，跌倒后站起来现在分词作结果状语adv.修饰v.THE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara4

Afterawhile过了一会儿,agroupof一群womencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead．Onewomantrippedover被绊倒

thestoneandherwaterpotwentcrashingtotheground．Shepickedherselfupandlimpedaway

intears流着泪．Neithershenorherfriendsthoughtabout想到

movingthestoneoutoftheroad．过了一会儿，一群女人走过来，每人头上顶着一壶水。一名妇女被石头绊倒，她的水壶摔在地上。她爬起来，哭着一瘸一拐地走了。她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头从路上移开。comealong出现come→came→comecrashtotheground轰然倒地go/come+doing现在分词表示方式/状态n+非谓语：独立主格THE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara5

Thekingwatchedalldayasmanypeople

complainedabout抱怨thestone,buthefoundnobodymakinganattempttomoveit．Thekingwasindespair绝望地．“Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilityto

keeptheirneighboursfromharm？”国王看了一整天，许多人都在抱怨那块石头，但他发现没有人试图移动它。国王绝望了。“难道这个村子里就没有人觉得有责任保护他们的邻居不受伤害吗?”findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事makeanattempttodosth.试图做某事feelsthe/noresponsibilitytodosth感觉有/没有责任做某事keepsb.from使某人远离，不受...伤害as引导时间状语从句现在分词作宾补定语从句THE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara6

Justthen,thekingsawayounggirlcomingalong．Shewasthedaughterofalocalfarmer．Shehadbeenworkingalldayandwasverytired．Butwhenshesawthestone,shesaidtoherself,“Thisstoneisadangerto

anyonewhocomesdownthestreetafterdark黑暗，夜幕．I'llmoveitoutoftheway．”就在这时，国王看到一个年轻女孩走过来。她是当地一个农民的女儿。她工作了一整天，很累。但当她看到那块石头时，她自言自语道:“天黑后走在街上的人都会有危险。我将把它移开。”seesbdoing看见某人正在做saytooneself自言自语beadangerto对...是危险现在分词作宾补定语从句THE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara7

Thegirlpushedthestonewithallhermight用尽全身力气．Afteragreatdealof大量，许多effort,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet．Imaginehersurprisewhenshesawthegoldcoinswherethestonehadbeen!女孩用尽全身力气推了推石头。经过一番努力，她终于成功地把它搬到了路边。想象一下，当她在石头原来的地方看到金币时，她是多么惊讶啊!用尽全身力气dosthwithallone’smight/strength成功做某事

succeedindoingsth时间状语从句地点状语从句THE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara8

Justthen,thekingsteppedoutfrom从...中走出来

behindthetree．“Ohsir，”thegirlsaid,“doesthisgoldbelongto属于you?Ifnot,wesurelymustfindtheowner,for因为

hewillcertainlymissit．”就在这时，国王从树后走了出来。“哦，先生，”女孩说，“这些金子是你的吗?如果不是，我们一定要找到它的主人，因为他一定会发现丢了它。”条件句的省略：

ifitdoesnotbelongtoyouTHE

STONE

IN

THE

ROADpara9

Thekingsaid,“Mydear,thegoldismine．Iputitintheroadandmovedthestoneover在...上面it．Nowthegoldisyours,

becauseyouaretheonlypersonwhohaslearnt

thelessonIwantedtoteachmypeople．”国王说:“亲爱的，金子是我的。我把它放在路上，然后把石头移过去。现在金子是你的了，因为你是唯一一个学会了我想教给我的人民的教训的人。”原因状语从句定语从句Learntobuildactionchains

Todescribeapicturemorevividly(emotion+action)

STEP.01Pre-actionSTEP.02actionSTEP.03Post-actionsbdidv1,didv2,anddidv3.(动作三连)同一主语，动作同时发生：sbdidv1,doingv2,anddoingv3.doingv1,sbdidv2,doingv3.同一主语，动作先后发生：havingdonev1,sbdidv2,(doingv3)不同主语：独立主格（n+非谓语/with+n+非谓语）

(place)alargestoneinthemiddleofthemainstreetand

.

(hide)goldcoinsunderit,hehidbehindahugemapletree,

(watch)silently.Withalargestone

(place)inthemiddleofthestreetandgoldcoins

.

(hide)underit,hehidbehindthetree,

(watch)carefully.Havingplaced(having)hiddenwatchingplacedhiddenwatchingHavingdone...,sbdid...,doing...With+n+非谓语,sbdid...,doing...

(pick)himselfup,hewentawayangrily.伴随情绪：①Havingpickedhimselfup,he

(turn)aroundandwentaway,

(feel)angry.②Havingpickedhimselfup,heturnedaroundandwentaway,

(fill)withanger.Havingpickedturnedfeelingfilledsbdid...,feeling+adj.sbdid...,filledwith+n.

(pick)herselfup,shelimpedawayintears,neithershenorherfriends

(think)aboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.HavingpickedthinkingHavingdone...,sbdid...,doing...①

and

(失望又绝望),thekingsighed,

(ask)inasadvoice,“Isthere...?”②

(感到)completelydesperate,thekingloweredhishead,

(question)angrily,“Isthere...?”③

(充满)

despair,thekingshookhisheadhelplessly,

(shout)

sadly,“Isthere...?”能够让画面更生动？用“情绪+动作+非谓语”改写这句话？DisappointeddesperateaskingFilledwithshoutingFeelingquestioning情绪作伴随状语：(feeling)adjandadj.Filledwith+情n.说+adv/inaadjvoice

(push)thestonewithallhermight,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreetafteragreatdealofeffort.Havingpushed用上非谓语、神态、心理、动作把

surprise的情绪写细、写满①一看到原来放石头的地方有金币，她吓呆了，眼睛瞪得大大的，嘴巴也惊讶地张大了。Uponseeingthegoldcoinswherethestonehadbeen,shefrozewithshock,hereyes

(widen)andhermouth

。

(open)wideinsurprise.【独立主格】②看到原来放石头的地方有金币，她吓呆了，说不出话来。Onseeingthegoldcoinswherethestonehadbeen,shewasfrozenwithsurprise,

.Havingpushedthestonewithallhermight,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreetafteragreatdealofeffort.Shewassurprisetoseesomegoldcoins！wideningopeningunabletospeakaword③当她在原来放石头的地方发现金币时，她简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。她一动不动地站在那里，眼睛里闪烁着惊讶的光芒，心因惊奇而狂跳。Hardlycouldshebelievehereyeswhenshespottedthegoldcoinswherethestonehadbeen.Shestood

(root)totheground,eyes

(sparkle)withastonishmentandheart

(beat)wildlywithsurprise.Havingpushedthestonewithallhermight,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreetafteragreatdealofeffort.Shewassurprisetoseesomegoldcoins！rootedsparklingbeating疑惑与思考（puzzle/wonder）Shelookedaround,wonderingwhocouldhaveleftthegoldcoinsthere.Afloodofquestionscrowdedintohermind.内心抉择（moralchoice）:贫穷vs诚实（读后续写最爱主题）Tempting诱人的asthegoldwas,sheknewsheshouldn’tkeepit.Ratherthankeepthemoney,shedecidedtoturnitin.行动+主题升华（honesty/kindness）Shegatheredthecoinsandwaitedpatientlyfortheowner.Itwasherhonestythatearnedheralifelongreward.Ⅰ.增分语料积累读后续写高级句式升级：非谓语动词熟练掌握非谓语动词的用法，并将其灵活、恰当地运用到读后续写中，是提升写作档次的关键。它能帮助考生写出更复杂多样的句式，使句子间衔接更自然、流畅，表达更精确、高效，以描绘更生动形象的画面。读后续写往往需要描述一系列动作或状态，过多使用简单句(Subject＋Verb＋Object)会使文章显得单调、枯燥、不连贯，非谓语动词可以将多个信息压缩到一个结构精炼的句子中，体现动作发生的先后顺序、因果关系、伴随状态等逻辑关系。以下是非谓语动词在读后续写中的运用。1.描述连续动作或伴随状态(主要用现在分词/过去分词)：代替and：当两个动作几乎同时发生，或一个动作伴随另一个动作时，可以用分词结构。Herandownthestreet，shoutingforhelp.(边跑边喊)他沿街跑去，大声呼救。Shesatbythewindow，watchingtherainfall.(坐着看雨)她坐在窗边看雨。Punishedbyhisfather，theboywascryinghisheartout.(被罚而哭)受到父亲的惩罚后，这个男孩哭得很伤心。2.表示方式或状态：Tremblingwithfear，shereachedforthephone.(状态：颤抖着)她吓得浑身发抖，伸手去拿电话。Crossinghisarms，helookedatmedisapprovingly.(方式：交叉双臂)他交叉着双臂，不以为然地看着我。3.描述原因或结果(主要用分词短语或不定式)：原因：Frightenedbytheloudnoise，thedoghidunderthebed.(过去分词表原因)狗被巨大的噪声吓坏了，躲在床底下。Notknowingwhattodo，hefrozethere，unabletomoveaninch.(现在分词表原因)他不知道该怎么办，僵在那里，一动也不能动。3.描述原因或结果(主要用分词短语或不定式)：结果(常用不定式或现在分词)：Heworkedhard，onlytofailtheexam.(不定式表出乎意料的结果)他努力学习，结果考试不及格。Toourshock，thefirespreadquickly，destroyingseveralhouses.(现在分词表自然而然的结果)令我们震惊的是，火势迅速蔓延，烧毁了几所房屋。4.描述时间(主要用分词完成式havingdone或afterdoing)：有先后关系：强调动作发生在主句动作之前，havingdoneHavingpackedtheirbags，theysetoffearlyinthemorning.(打包完才出发)他们收拾好行李，一大早就出发了。Afterfinishing/Havingfinishedtheletter，shemaileditimmediately.写完信后，她立即把它寄出去了。5.描述目的(主要用不定式todo)：Shestudieddayandnighttoachieveherdream.她日夜学习以实现她的梦想。6.作定语修饰名词(用分词或不定式)：前置定语(单个分词)：abrokenwindow(过去分词表被动/完成)acryingbaby(现在分词表主动/进行)后置定语(分词短语或不定式短语)：Themanstandingatthedoorwastremblingnervously.(现在分词短语)站在门口的那个人紧张地发抖。Theproblemdiscussedatthemeetingisofgreatsignificance.(过去分词短语)会上讨论的问题很重要。ThenexttraintoarriveisfromBeijing.(不定式表将来)下一班到达的火车是从北京来的。Shehasalotofworktodo.(不定式表主动)她有很多工作要做。7.独立主格结构：Timepermitting，wewouldgo.(独立主格表条件)如果时间允许，我们就去。Hishomeworkfinished，hesetouttoassisthismothertodothehousework.(独立主格表时间)作业做完后，他开始帮妈妈做家务。[针对训练]根据汉语提示补全句子1.我小心翼翼地打开信，希望能从中找到钱包主人身份的一些线索。(现在分词短语作状语)Iopenedthelettercarefully,______________________________________

.2.女孩站了起来，微笑着，她的长发随风飘动。(独立主格结构)Thegirlrosetoherfeetandsmiled，

.hopingforsomecluestotheidentityoftheownerofthewalletherlonghairflowinginthewind3她穿着圣诞老人的服装，悄悄溜进房间，没有被人注意到。(过去分词作状语)

，sheslippedintotheroomwithoutbeingnoticed.4.他等了他的朋友好几个小时，焦急极了。(havingdone作状语)

，hewasasanxiousasanant.5.为了不引起别人的怀疑，我努力控制自己内心的焦虑和紧张。

，Istruggledtocontrolmyinneranxietyandnervousness.DressedinSantaClauscostumeHavingwaitedforhisfriendforseveralhoursNottoarouseothers’doubtⅡ.教材语料积累词汇情感描写passiveadj.被动的；顺从的despairn.绝望

vi.绝望；感到无望complainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaintn.抱怨；投诉scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scarevt.惊吓；使害怕

vi.受惊吓→scaryadj.吓人的；恐怖的tensionn.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tenseadj.紧张的；(尤指肌肉、身体)拉紧的