Unit2SectionAGrammarFocus（课件）-七年级英语下册课件（新教材人教版）

No

Rules,NoorderSectionA-GrammarFocusUnit2LearningObjectives语言能力1学习能力2文化意识3思维品质4tomastertheusagesofimperativesandmodalverbs(can,haveto,must)andusethemtoexpresstherulestomastertheabilityoflearningtomeetpracticalneeds;togiveinformationaboutrulesindifferentplacestofollowtherules;toknowtherulesindifferentplacestostimulatetheinterestofEnglishlearning;toleadSstoexpresstheirthoughtsListenandcomplete:Listenandcheckyouranswers:Readandthink:Don'tneedtoomuchtalkingwithoutsayinganythingAllIneedissomeonewhomakesmewannasingTakemetoyourheartTakemetoyoursoulGivemeyourhandbeforeI'moldShowmewhatloveishaven'tgotaclueShowmethatwonderscanbetrueTheysaynothinglastsforeverWe'reonlyheretodayLoveisnoworneverBringmefarawayTakemetoyourheartTakemetoyoursoulGivemeyourhandandholdmeShowmewhatloveisbemyguidingstarIt'seasytakemetoyourheartPayattentiontotheredsentences.Whatkindofsentencesarethey?Imperatives祈使句Rule

4:___prepared(准备好的)forclass.Rule

5:______sleepinginclass.BeNo______sleepinclass.Don’tRule

1:______cellphones

in

class.Rule

2:______yourhandtospeak.Rule

3:_________yourclassmatesandyourteacher.NoRespect______usecellphonesinclass.RaiseDon’t祈使句imperativeSentence缺少主语______obeytherules._______breaktherulesLet’sLet’snot表示命令、请求、劝告、警告和禁止等的句子。PresentationLet’slearn

imperatives祈使句英语句子按照用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you，但往往省略。祈使句的肯定式以动词原形开头，否定式在动词原形前加don’t。Raise

your

hand

to

speak.Don’tsleepinclass.肯定句：________

(+宾语)+其他.否定句：_____+动词原形(+宾语)+其他.1.上学日请穿校服。Weartheschooluniformonweekdays,please.Don’twatchTVbeforedinner.2.晚饭前不要看电视。Do型祈使句动词原形Don’tComein!Don’tcomein!Do型祈使句Goalongthisstreetandturnleft.Practisetheguitareveryday.Don’tpractisetheguitareveryday.肯定：动词原形+宾语+其它成分否定：在句首加don’t。Be

preparedforclass.Be型祈使句肯定句：____+表语+其他.否定句：______+be+表语+其他.1.下次要细心。Becarefulnexttime.2.图书馆不要吵闹!Don’t

benoisyinthelibrary!=Bequietinthelibrary.BeDon’tBecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.肯定：Be+表语(名词或形容词+其它成分)否定：句首加don’t。Be型祈使句Bequiteinthelibrary.Don’tbelateforclass.Let’s

obeytherules.Let’snotbreaktherules.肯定句：____+宾语+_________+其他.否定句：____+let+宾语+动词原形+其他.或Let+宾语+___+动词原形+其他.1.咱们休息一下吧。Let’shavearest.2.不要让他去游泳。Don’tlethimgoswimming.=Lethimnotgoswimming.Let动词原形Don’tnotLet’s型祈使句Let型祈使句Let’sgo!Don’tlethimgo.Let’snotgothere.肯定：Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分否定：句首加don’t

/Let+not+动词原形+其它成分常用于第一人称和第三人称，表示建议和劝说等。No型祈使句No+v-ing!/No+名词!3.禁止钓鱼!2.禁止停车!1.禁止拍照!Nofishing!Noparking!Nophotos!Nocellphonesinclass.Nosleepinginclass.注意：“No+名词/动词⁃ing形式”表示禁止或规劝，常用于公共场所。e.g.Nophotos!禁止拍照！

Nosmoking！

禁止吸烟！为表示礼貌，祈使句经常在句首或句末加please。句开用please时，前面通常加逗号。e.g. Pleasewriteandtellmeaboutyourself.

PleasecallKarenat555-8823.Comein,please.肯定祈使句①Do型祈使句②Be型祈使句③Let型祈使句否定祈使句动原+其他Don’t+动词原形+其他Be+表语+其他Let+宾语+动原+其他Don’t+be+表语+其他Don’t+let+宾语+动原+其他Let+宾语+not+动原+其他表示“禁止”④

No型祈使句No+动词-ing!No+名词!祈使句歌诀祈使句，祈使句，请求、命令或建议。主语是______常省去，_________开头记。否定形式要注意，______放到句首去。要讲客气用______，句首、句末没关系。Nodoing!需提起，表示________不小觑。you动词原形Don’tplease“禁止”Let’ssummarizeReadthesentences.Dotheverbsinredneedtochangeforms?Why?

Walkinthehallway.Don’trun!Bepoliteandtreatoneanotherwithrespect.Don’tlitter.No,theydon’t.Becausetheyareimperativesentences.Findmoreimperativesentencesin“SectionA”.Don’tbelateforschool.Arriveontime.Don’truninthehallways.Don’teatintheclassroom.Don’tlitter.Keepyourschoolcleanandtidy.Weartheschooluniform.Bepoliteandtreateveryonewithrespect.Putupyourhandifyouwanttoaskyourteacheraquestion.动词原形开头Don’t+动词原形开头Let’spracticeDon’tbe1.It’sanimportantmeeting.

(not,be)late.2.

(not,make)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping.3.

(not,talk)and

(read)aloud.4.Thenoticeonthewallsays“

”.(nosmoke)5.

(look)out!Acariscoming.6.

(not,let)thebabycry.7.Let’s

(notsay)anythingaboutit.Don’ttalkDon’tmakereadNosmokingLookDon’tletnotsayCan

youfindotherwaystoexpresstherules?Haveathink:1.情态动词在用法上有什么共同点？2.can在本单元主要表示什么含义？它还可表达什么意思？3.haveto在句法上与其他情态动词有何区别？Youmustn’tlitter./Youcan’tlitter.Canwebringourphonestoclass?No,wecan’t.We

must

keeptheminourlockers.Canweeatsnacksinclass?No,wecan’teatinclass.Wehavetoeatinthedinninghall.和动词原形连用表许可；表能力Readthesentences.Dotheverbsinredneedtochangeforms?Why?

情态动词情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，如请求、许可、意愿、可能等。在形式上，情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。有的情态动词没有时态的变化，如must。情态动词本身不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用。常见的情态动词有can、may、must、haveto、should、would等。情态动词一般有多个意义。情态动词的否定式一般是在其后加not构成，一般疑问句通常将它提到句首。情态动词的肯定式一般不重读。3aReadthesentences.Dotheverbsinboldneedtochangeforms?Why?Walkinthehallway.Don’trun!Bepoliteandtreatoneanotherwithrespect.Don’tlitter./Youmustn’tlitter./Youcan’tlitter.Canwebringourphonestoclass?No,wecan’t.Wemustkeeptheminourlockers.Canweeatsnacksinclass?No,wecan’teatinclass.Wehavetoeatinthedininghall.Modalverbs(情态动词)suchas“can”“must”and“haveto”arefollowedbythebaseformofaverb.Modalverbs情态动词情态动词有一定的意义,但不能单独作谓语,一般和实义动词连用构成谓语.情态动词是动词的一种,表示说话人的语气和态度等.cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshould注意:Modalverbs情态动词1.-CanIeatintheclassroom?-No,youcan’t.Butyoucaneatinthedininghall.cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:2.Wecan’tfeedanimalsinthezoo.3.Youcangohomenow.可以;能不可以;不能可以;能不可以;不能可以;能1can表示请求或许可,意为“可以;能”,否定形式can’t意为“不可以;不能”.Modalverbs情态动词-Canyouplaythepiano?-No,Ican’t.ButIcanplaytheguitar.cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:能;会不能;不会能;会2can表示能力,意为“能;会”,否定形式can’t意为“不能;不会”Modalverbs情态动词1.-Canitbetrue?-No,itcan’tbetrue.cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:2.Tomcan’tbeathome.可能不可能不可能3can表示推测,意为“可能”,否定形式can’t意为“不可能”.(常用于否定句或疑问句)Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshould3can表示推测,意为“可能”,否定形式can’t意为“不可能”.(常用于否定句或疑问句)Summary2can表示能力,意为“能;会”,否定形式can’t意为“不能;不会”can表示请求或许可,意为“可以;能”,否定形式can’t意为“不可以;不能”.1Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:Frankhasto/mustfinishhishomeworkbeforeplayingbasketball.两者都表示“必须”,有时可以互换使用.注意:must和haveto用法并不完全相同.Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:Itrains.Frankhastostopplayingbasketball.haveto+动词原形“不得不做...;必须做...”强调客观需要.有人称和数的变化.第三人称单数形式为hasto.Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:haveto+动词原形“不得不做...;必须做...”强调客观需要.有人称和数的变化.第三人称单数形式为hasto.构成否定句或疑问句须借助助动词do和does.Frankhastostopplayingbasketball.Frankdoesn’thavetostopplayingbasketball.否定句:Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:haveto+动词原形“不得不做...;必须做...”强调客观需要.有人称和数的变化.第三人称单数形式为hasto.构成否定句或疑问句须借助助动词do和does.Frankhastostopplayingbasketball.DoesFrankhavetostopplayingbasketball?疑问句:Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:IlikeEnglish.Imustlearnitwell.must+动词原形“必须;一定”强调主观意愿.认为有义务或有必要去做某事.Tomwantstogetintoagooduniversity.Hemuststudyhard.Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:Wemustn’tcrosstheroadwhentheredlightison.must还可用于否定句中.注意:mustn’t表示禁止,“不要;不许”.Youmustn’tsmokehere.Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:MustIdomyhomeworknow?must还可用于疑问句中.注意:不能用mustn’t作否定回答.肯定回答:否定回答:Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t.No,youdon’thaveto.mustn’t表示禁止,不允许Modalverbs情态动词cancan’tmustmustn’thavetomaywillshouldReadandsummarize:ThebookmustbeFrank’sbecausehisnameisonit.must还可表示把握性很大的推测,意为“一定;必然”.通常用于肯定句.Frank情态动词havetohaveto表示“不得不；必须”，强调客观需要，有“不得不、被逼无奈做某事”的意思。haveto既有人称、单复数的变化、也有动词时态的变化。我们在图书馆里必须保持安静。Wehaveto

bequietinthelibrary.Shehasto

doherhomeworkfirstwhenshegetshome.她回家后必须先做作业。Ihadto

stayinbedlastmonth.上个月我不得不卧床休息。情态动词haveto的句型结构-Doeshehavetogotobednow?

-Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.Wedon'thavetocleantheroomtoday.Shehastolookafterhermotherathome.③一般疑问句及回答：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________②否定句：_______________________________________________①肯定句：_______________________________________________主语

+

have/has/had

to

+

动词原形

+

其他.主语

+

don't/doesn't/didn't

have

to

+

动词原形

+

其他.-Do/Does/Did

+

主语

+

have

to

+

动词原形

+

其他?-Yes,主语

+

do/does/did./No,主语

+

don't/doesn't/didn't.④特殊疑问句：____________________________________________疑问词+do/does/did+主语+haveto+动词原形+其他?Whatdoyouhavetodo?词语

意思

相同

例句

haveto

第三人称单数_____,疑问句或否定句要借助________,否定形式表示________因为他的自行车坏了,他不得不步行去上学。

must

情态动词,否定句mustn't意为_______,否定回答可以用_______或_________

我们必须努力学习。我必须打扫所有的房间吗？(否定回答)不得不后跟动词原形hastodo;does“不必”

Hehastowalktoschoolbecausehisbikeisbroken.必须“禁止”needn’tdon’thavetoWemuststudyhard.MustIcleanalltherooms?No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.

mustVShaveto相同点不同点Wehaveto/mustfollowtherules.表示“必须”，有时二者可互换。*Wemusthurry.Idon'twanttomiss

thebeginningoftheshow.*Wehavetohurry.Thetrainisleaving

infiveminutes.*must通常表示说话人的主观

看法，语气比较强烈；*haveto往往强调客观需要。*Youmustn'ttalktoyourmotherlikethat.*Youdon'thavetocomeifyoudon'twantto.它们的否定式含义大不相同。*mustn't表示“不准；禁止”；*don'thaveto表示“不必”。*I/We/You/They

mustdosomethingaboutit.*•Ihavetofinishmyworktoday.

•Shehastoworklatetoday.

•Theyhavetocleantheirroom.*must没有人称和数的变化。*haveto有人称和数的变化。借助动词do，does构成疑问句或否定句客观事情:不得不有人称、数和时态的变化haveto主观事情:必须无人称、数和时态的变化引导一般疑问句时，否定回答用No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.表示猜测时,意思为“一定；必然”mustLet’slookandtelltherules.canhavetomustcan’tmustn’tWecan’truninthehallways.weartheseatbeltjumpthequeueWecan’tsmoke.Wecan’teatinclass.Wemustn’tbringphonestoschool.Wecan’tbelateforschool.Wemustbeontime.Wemustspeakquietly.Wehavetoweartheseatbelt.Wecan’tjumpthequeue.Practice1.Don’tjumpthequeue.You___________waityourturn.2.I_____feedmydogmanykindsoffood,butI____givehimchocolate.Itisbadforhim!3.A:CanIleavetheclassroomifIdon’tfeelwell?B:Yes,butyou___________tellyourteacheraboutitwhenyou______beabsentfromclass.4.A:Hey!CanIlookatyourbook?B:Shh,we___________talkquietlyinthelibrary.5.A:Canyouputonyourseatbelt?We___________wearonewhenwe’reinacar.B:Sure.Thanks!3b.Completethesentencesusingcan,haveto/must,orcan’t/mustn’t.haveto/mustcanhaveto/musthavetocan’thaveto/musthaveto/mustGrammarFocus3c.Lookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.Donoteatordrink.Noeatingordrinking.Youcan’t/mustn‘teatordrink.GrammarFocus3c.Lookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.Donotpark.Noparking.Youcan’t/mustn’tpark.GrammarFocus3c.Lookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.Donottakephotos.Nophotos.Youcan’t/mustn’ttakephotos.GrammarFocus3c.Lookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.Donotswim.Noswimming.Youcan’t/mustn’tswim.GrammarFocus3c.Lookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.Donotfeedthebirds.Nofeedingthebirds.Youcan’t/mustn’tfeedthebirds.Let’sroleplay.Workingroups,talkaboutschoolrulesandmakeaposter.3d.Ingroups,brainstormthreerulesforoneoftheplacesbelow.Thendrawsignstoshowtherules.Shareyoursignsinclassandexplainwhattheymean.Inthelibrary：

Wemustkeepquiet.Wemustn’tmakenoise.Wecan’t...libraryrulesInthelibrary,wemustkeepquietfirst.Wemustn’tmakenoise.Second,wecan’tbringanyfoodordrinktothelibrary.Wemustkeepitcleanandtidy.What’smore,wehavetoreturnthebooksafterwefinishreading.Let’smakethelibraryabetterplaceforustostudy.SampleComputerRoomRules_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Wemustbequietinthecomputerroom.Don’teatordrinkinthecomputerroom.Don’truninthecomputerroom.Wearslippersinthecomputerroom.Cleanthecomputerroomeveryday.SayNotoalluncivilizedbehaviors!向不文明行为说不！一、祈使句二、情态动词can，must与have

to一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.______（open）

the

door,Sara.2.

____________（not

spend）

too

much

time

on

your

phone

before

going

to

bed.3.No_______（talk）

in

the

library!4.Please__________（not

play）

computer

games

so

much,Jim!5.Be_______（care）

when

you

cross

the

road!6.I______（can）

play

basketball

with

you.

I

have

too

much

homework

to

do.OpenDon’t

spendtalkingdon’t

playcarefulcan’t7.—Can

your

parents

______（speak）

English?—Yes,they

can.speak8.You

can

______（swim）

in

the

swimming

pool

with

your

friends

at

the

weekend.9.Slow

down,please.

You________（must）

run

in

the

hallway.10.We

have

to____（put）

on

our

seat

belts

when

we’re

in

a

car.swimmustn’tput二、根据句意,用must或have

to填空。11.Jim,you

______

listen

to

your

teacher

in

class.must12.—______

I

read

the

book

in

the

reading

room?—No,you

don’t

________.Musthave

to13.There

is

no

bus

now.

I

________

go

back

home

on

foot.have

to14.—Must

I

finish

my

homework

today?—Yes,you

______.must15.—Mum,can

I

get

up

late

at

the

weekend?—Sure.

You

don’t

________

get

up

early.have

to三、用方框中所给动词的适当形式完成海报。call

enjoy

share

make

join

do________________________________________________________________________________________________________16._____

our

Film

Magic

Club

for

an

amazing

journey（旅程）!Join17.______

your

ideas

in

the

club.18._______

the

magic

of

storytelling

and

film-making.19.______

friends

with

other

film

fans.20.______

miss

out!Let’s

have

wonderful

moments

together.For

more

information,21._____

us

at

1234567.ShareEnjoyMakeDon’tcall续表四、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。queue

quiet

feed

leave

noise22.I

can’t

sle