2025~2026学年上海市上海大学附属中学高三上学期9月诊断测试英语试卷

2025~2026学年上海市上海大学附属中学高三上学期9月诊断测试英语试卷一、语法填空Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WildlifeinDeclineThepopulationsofEarth’swildvertebrates(脊椎动物)havedeclinedby58%overthepastfourdecades,accordingtotheLivingPlanetReport2016publishedbytheWorldWildlifeFund.Climatechangeandactivitiessuchasdeforestationandpoaching(偷猎)areinlargepart1(blame)forthedecline.Ifthetrendcontinues,by2020,theworld2(lose)two-thirdsofitsvertebratebiodiversity.“Sadly,thereisnosignyet3thisratewilldecrease,”thereportsays.“Acrossland,freshwaterandtheoceans,humanactivitiesareforcingwildlifepopulationstotheedge,”saysMarcoLambertini,director-generalofWWFInternational.TheLivingPlanetReportispublishedeverytwoyears.Itaimstoprovideanassessmentofthestateoftheworld’swildlife.The2016studyincluded3700differentspeciesofbirds,fish,mammals,amphibiansandreptilesaroundtheworld.Theteamcollecteddatafrommorethan3000sources,includinggovernmentstatisticsandsurveys4(carry)outbyconservationgroups.Theythenanalyzed5thepopulationsizeshadchangedovertime.Lambertinisaidsomegroupsofanimalshaddoneworsethanothers.“Wedoseeparticularlystrongdeclines6thefreshwaterenvironment.Forfreshwaterspeciesalone,thedeclinestandsat81%since1970.Thisisrelatedtothewaywater7(use)andtakenoutoffreshwatersystems,andalsotothefragmentation(分裂)offreshwatersystemsthroughdambuilding,forexample.”Thereportalsohighlightedotherspecies,suchasAfricanelephants,8havesufferedhugedeclinesinrecentyears,andsharks,whicharethreatenedbyoverfishing.9alltheterrifyingfacts,however,someconservationistssaythereisstillhope.“OneofthethingsthatIthinkisthemostimportantisthatthesewildanimalshaven’tyetgoneextinct,”saidRobinFreeman,headoftheZoologicalSocietyofLondon.“Onthewhole,10arenotdyingout,andthatmeanswestillhaveopportunitiestodosomethingaboutthedecline.”二、选词填空Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.characteristicsB.diverseC.employD.functionE.issue

F.integrationG.hitH.militaryI.potentialJ.schemesK.wearersFutureFashion:BiometricBodysuitsAteamoftheAppliedNanoBioscienceCenteratArizonaStateUniversityhasbuiltprototypes(原型)ofbiometricbodysuits.Theycandetectchemicalattacks,deliverdrugstotheir11,orevenperfumescentsifyourbodytemperaturerisestoomuch.The12versionoftheScentsoryChameleonBodysuitincorporatesfuelcellstoprovidealightweightsourceofpowerforthesoldier’sequipment.Thecivilianonecanmonitoryourheartorbloodpressure,deliverinteractivegamesorsimplyworkasawearablecomputer.YouwillevenbeabletodownloadnewcolorsandpatternsfromtheWebtochangeyourappearanceaccordingtothisarticlefromEastValleyTribuneinArizona.Bothversionsshould13themarketwithinafewyears.FredericZenhausern,directoroftheAppliedNanoBioscienceCenteratASU,hasjoinedwithGhassanJabbour,aprofessorattheUniversityofArizona,todeveloptwoprototypesof“biometricbodysuits”thatcontainembeddedsensors,powersources,microfluidicdevicesandothergadgetsnotnormallyassociatedwiththelatestParisfashions.Such“smart”clothingcould14futuresoldiersearlywarningofchemicalattacksorautomaticallydeliverinsulintodiabetics,Zenhausemnsaid.“Thebiometricbodysuitshowshowelectronicsandfluidics(流体学)canbeincorporatedintoclothingtoperformawiderangeof15tasks,fromhighlyfunctionaltotheaesthetic.”hesaid.ThecivilianChameleonwillhavesomewhatdifferent16.Itsbiometricoutfitdemonstrateshowminiatureelectronicscouldbeembeddedinclothingtopromotehealth.Itismadeofclearvinyl(乙烯基)andwhiteplasticstoshowtheplacementofvariouselectronicandfluidicdevices.Inthefuture,suchanoutfitcoulddiagnosediseasesanddelivermedicationstothewearer,monitorheartrateorbloodpressure,deliverinteractivegamesandotherformsofentertainmentor17asawearablecomputer.AnotherpossibilitywouldbetodownloaddifferentdesignsfromtheInternetsothefabriocouldchangecolorsandpatterns,Zenhausernsaid.Anditcouldallbemadetolookstylishbythe18ofelectronicsandhigh-fashiondesigns,hesaid.Infact,theconceptofembeddingmicroelectronicsinfabricshas19farbeyondclothing.SheilaKennedy,aBoston-basedarchitectandvisitingprofessorattheHarvardUniversityGraduateSchoolofDesign,seespossibilitiesto20thetechnologyinbuildingdesign.Asanexample,shesaidwindowshadescontainingorganiclightemittingdiodes(二极管)couldproduceelectricityfromsunlightthatwouldhelpgeneratepower.三、完形填空ThenumberofthebestHowbigshouldabusinessteambe?Itisanenormouslyimportantissueforcompanies.Teamsthataretoosmallmay_________theskillsrequiredtogetthejobdone;teamsthataretoobigmaybeimpossibletoco-ordinate.Similartrade-offsmayapplywhenitcomestofirmsasawhole.Start-upsareoftenshortofstaff.Thefoundersmustplayahostofdifferent_________,fromobtainingfinancetoproductdevelopmentandmarketing,forwhichtheymaynotbeequallysuited.Butthe_________isthattheycanhavehighlycollaborativeworkingenvironments.Peoplewhohaveworkedforstart-upssaytheculturechangeswhenthecompanyreachesacertain_________.PattyMcCord,formerlyofNetflix,referredtothe“stand-on-a-chairnumber”—thebiggestgroupthatcaneasilyheartheboss_________them.RobinDunbar,ananthropologist(人类学家)atOxfordUniversity,hasdonealotofworkonprimategroups.Hisargumentisthatthesizeofthegroupislinkedtothesizeofthebrain.Withtheirlargebrains,humanscancopewithlargerbands.Alargersocialgrouphasmanyadvantages,_________greaterprotectionandspecialisation.Whereas150issometimesreferredtoasthe“Dunbarnumber”,theacademichimselfinfactreferstoarangeof_________.Heobservesthathumanstendtohavefiveintimatefriends,15orsogoodfriends,around50socialfriendsand150-oddacquaintances.Runningalargernetworkcanbedifficult.Somuchtimeisneededtomaintainrelationshipsthattheirqualityinevitably_________.Thearmedforceshavespentmillenniaexperimentingwithunitsize.ARomancenturion(百人队长)oversaw100.ThemodernAmericanarmycompanyhas180members.Britain’sequivalentnumbers120.Theseareroughestimates,ratherthanrigidfigures.Butitisstrikingthatmanygroupactivitiesseemtobe_________aDunbarnumber.TheSpecialAirService,Britain’selitefightingunit,hasfour-manpatrols;whenyourlifedependsonit,youneedtohaveabsolute____________inyourcolleagues.Asaresult,suchgroupsarelimitedinsize.Sports-teamsizes____________theplayingarea.Therearefiveplayersinabasketballsideandsixinicehockey;outdoorsthereare11playersinfootballandcricketteams,and7-15inthevariousformsofrugby.Perhapsthisistheoptimalsizeforcoachingpurposes,orperhapscrowdswould____________todistinguishindividualplayersifteamswerelarger.Smallworkteamsmayalsotendtowardsthesetwosizeranges.“Ifyouwantacommitteeto____________something,limitittofourtofivepeople,”saysMrDunbar.“Buttobrainstorminameeting,youneed12-15.”Manycompaniesuse“agile”teamswhichdrawemployeesfromacrossthecompany;theytendtohavebetweenfiveandninemembers.Themoderncompanymaysettleona____________withasmallgroupof“core”workersandalargergroupofcontractworkers.Theresultmaybemore____________withinthecorestaffbutthenon-corestaffmaybelesswelltreated.Thesmallcoreteamsmayworkeffectively.Thebigquestionwillbetheeffectonmoraleofthoseoutsidethoseteams.21.A．demandB．lackC．cultivateD．sharpen22.A．rolesB．gamesC．cardsD．missions23.A．truthB．pointC．upsideD．goal24.A．heightB．levelC．sizeD．degree25.A．phoneB．contactC．criticizeD．address26.A．callingforB．allowingforC．hopingforD．payingfor27.A．recordsB．networksC．circlesD．figures28.A．suffersB．thrivesC．deniedD．functions29.A．similarwithB．closetoC．interestedinD．equalto30.A．trustB．willC．rightD．advance31.A．resultinB．relatetoC．arisefromD．contributeto32.A．rushB．competeC．struggleD．refuse33.A．discussB．decideC．judgeD．facilitate34.A．shapeB．scaleC．levelD．construction35.A．agreementB．innovationC．influenceD．cohesion四、阅读理解“Areyouallright?”thestudentaskedasshepassedmeinthehallway.Iwasinthefinalstretchoflastworkbeforewritingmyessay.Thestudent,whowas4yearsbehindmeinthesamePh.D.program,wentontosay,“Iseepeoplefromyourgroupworkingsomuch,puttinginextrahours,evenatnight.”Itsetmethinkingalot.Asafirst-yearPh.D.student,Iwasluckytohavekindandunderstandingadvisers.ButIfeltoverwhelmingpressuretobecomeaperfectstudent.IkeptfindingamillionreasonswhyIwascomingintograduateschoolatadisadvantagecomparedwithmypeers.AsastudentfromColombia,Ihadbeeneducatedatinstitutionsmyprofessorsandcolleagueshadneverheardof,Ispokewithanaccentthatwashardtounderstand,andIwasolderthanmostofthepeopleinmycohort.Inoticedthatmostofthepeoplearoundmeseemedtobeworkingallthetime.Ibegantospendmanyweekdaynightsandweekendsinthelab.Butmystrategydidn’twork.Icrashedfromburnout.Thetirednesstookatollonmyproductivityandmotivation.DuringoneofmanymindlessSundaysintheoffice,IrealizedI’dfallenintothetrapofassumingmycolleagues’workhabitswerethestandardforbelongingandbeingworthyofrespect—anditwasn’tsustainable.Fromthenon,IstoppedcountingthenumberofworkhoursIwasputtingin,leavingspaceeverydayforexercisinganddoingactivitiesthatIenjoyed.Eventually,IrealizednobodywaskeepingtrackoftheamountoftimeIspentinthelabanywayanditwasn’tsomethingIneededtoworryabout.InoticedthathavingmoretimeformyselfmadememorerestedandmotivatedwhenIwentbacktowork.Icontinuedquietlyalongthispathforyears,untilthatconversationinthehallway.So,whenIranintoheragain,weekslater,ItoldherthateventhoughIwasfeelingalotofpressureinthefinalyearofmyPh.D.,Iwasputtingmymentalandphysicalhealthfirstandwasn’tworkingovertime.Ialsobegantotalkwithotherstudentsabouthowqualitysleep,physicalactivity,healthyeating,andreasonableworkhourswereadailypartofmyroutine.36.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudent?

A．Hespentmuchtimeinlabwork.B．HehadfinishedthePh.D.program.C．Hewasconcernedabouttheauthor.D．Hewasputtinginextrahoursatnight.37.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthisworkatfirst?

A．Anxious.B．Ambitious.C．Dissatisfied.D．Enthusiastic.38.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“tookatollon”inPara.3?

A．Addedfuelto.B．Hadanegativeimpacton.C．Castnewlighton.D．Dependedtoomuchon.39.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?

A．Ahealthywork-lifebalancecounts.B．Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.C．Fittingindoesn’tmeanworkingovertime.D．Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.ModernServicesWhenyou’reworkingafull-timejob,studyingoronthehuntforwork,lifecanfeelexhausting.Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,you’llfindyouhavemoretimeandenergyforthethingsthatmatter.MealkitdeliveryservicesMealkitdeliveryservicesareoneofthemostunderestimatedinnovationsofthe21stcentury.Howtheyworkissimple.Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.Then,whatyourdietaryrequirementsare,andanyotherpreferences.Finally,yougettochoosewhichmealkitswillbedeliveredtoyourdoor.Nomatteryourdiet,youcanhaveanappropriatemealkitdelivered.Forexample,checkouttheselowcarbmealdeliveryoptions.Thekitcomescompletewithalltheingredientsyouneed,alreadyprepared.Allyouhavetodoistofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogetherandpopyourmealintheoven.Withmealkitdelivery,youdon’thavetoworryaboutcookingorspendingmoneyontakeout.Yourtripstothegrocerystorewillbecomeeasierandyou’llwastelessmoneyandfood.TaskRabbitOneofthemostfrustratingaspectsofhavingaplaceyoucallyourownisthatyouhavetotakecareofthemaintenance.Evenifyouarerenting,therearecertaintasksthatyourlandlordwillexpectyoutoseeto,whetheraleakytaporaproblematicelectricalappliance.Forthis,TaskRabbitconnectsyouwithfreelancerswhoarewillingtotakeonjustaboutanytaskforyou.Youcanhiresomeonetotakecareofyourleakytapratherthanspendingyourowntimeandenergydoingit.You’regivingsomeoneworkwhileenjoyingyourtimeoff.PostmatesFinally,oneofthemostconvenientandusefulservicesis,ofcourse,Postmates.WithPostmates,youcangetjustaboutanythingdeliveredordeliversomethingyourself.Youcangetsomeonetodoyourgroceriesforyou—simplymakealistofwhatyouneedandchoosewhethertheshoppershouldcallyouifsomethingisoutoriftheycandecideonreplacementsthemselves.Youcanalsouseitfortakeout,tosendorreceivedocuments,andanyotherdeliveryneedsyouhave.Weliveinanageofconvenience,andweshouldtakeadvantageofit.Startusingtheaboveservicesandyou’llseeyourstresslevelsdrop.40.WhatwillpeoplefirstdotoenjoyMealkitdeliveryservices?

A．Tocheckoutsomeoptions.B．Topopyourmealintheoven.C．Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.D．Tofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogether.41.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthethreemodernservices?

A．TaskRabbitconnectsyourlandlordwithfreelanceswhoarewillingtotakecareofmaintenance.B．WithyourpermissiononPostmates,thedeliverymancandecideonreplacementsthemselves.C．Thethreeservicescanmakepeopleeasilyenjoytheirlivesandhelpthemsavemoney.D．Thethreeservicescanhelppeoplefeellessstressfulandappealtoyoungpeople.42.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?

A．AmagazineB．AbookreviewC．AnovelD．Aninstructionmanual.Ifyou’vescrolledthroughyourFacebookfeedrecently,youmayhavenoticedsomethingsurprising:lotsandlotsofshortvideos.Whatmakesthis“Reels”featurestrangeisthatitishugelyaddictive,whichIknowquitewellfrommyownpersonalexperience.LastFriday,Itookabreakandhitononeshortclipofsomeonemakingdinnerand,well,thenexttimeIlookedupitwas20minuteslaterandtheblankdocumentonmycomputermonitorwasconfirmingtomethatmyworkwasstillnotdone.However,assillyasitseems,Reels-isactuallysuperimportant,andisatthecentreofamajorbattlebetweentheworld’slargesttechfirms.Theformat(格式)wasfirstpioneeredbyTikTok-theChinese-ownedvideoappthathastakentheworldbystormsinceitlaunchedin2016.Today,TikTokhasaround23millionUKuserseverymonth-includingbasicallyeverypersonyouknowundertheageof25.AndthatfacthasmadeFacebookanditsparentcompany,Meta,verynervousindeed.AsTikTokhascontinuedtoboom,Facebookhasactuallyfalleninpopularityamong“GenZ”.ThereasonTikTokhasprovensuchapowerfulchallengertoFacebook’ssocialmediadominanceisalmostentirelydowntothesesortsofshort-formvideos.Theformatisalmostperfectlyoptimisedtobeasaddictiveaspossible:TikTok’sappshowsyouashort-formvideo,andifyoudon’tlikeit,youcansimplyswipeitawayandanotheronewillstartplayinginstantly.Andbecauseitisportrait,notlandscape,videoslook“right”whenviewedonyourphone.What’salsosmartisthatTikTok’salgorithm(算法)picksvideosforyoubasedonwhatyouactuallywatch,andnotwhatyousayyouwant.Facebookisn’ttheonlyapptryingtodowhatTikTokdoessowell.Instagram,whichisownedbyFacebook’sparentcompanyMeta,hasintegratedReelsevenmoreaggressivelyintoitsapp.AndevenGoogleisnervous,launchingitsownTikTok-stylevideosectionofYouTube(whichitowns)acoupleofyearsago.Asthingsstand,thoughTikTokcurrentlymaintainsahealthyleadinthecategory,bothYouTubeandFacebookhavedeeppockets-soexpecttoseeevenmoreReelsandShortspoppingupinyourfeedasthisintensebattlecontinuestorage.Youwon’tbeabletotakeyoureyesoffthem.43.Whydidtheauthormentionhisownexperienceinparagraph2?

A．Toillustratethefeatureofshortvideos.B．Tostresstheimportanceofshortvideos.C．Toprovehispreferencetoshortvideos.D．Tointroducethefunctionsofshortvideos.44.WhatdoweknowaboutTikTokaccordingtothepassage?

A．Ithasshownthetrendofthefallinpopularityamong“GenZ”.B．ItisperceivedasapotentialthreattoFacebook’ssocialmediadominance.C．ItsnumberofregisteredUKusershasreached23millionsinceitlaunchedin2016.D．Itunderestimatestheessentialroleofshortvideosincompetitionwithlargetechfirms.45.WhatmakestheshortvideosonTikTokAppsopopular?

A．Thebeautifulvisualeffects.B．Thehighvideoquality.C．Therandomrecommendation.D．Thequickswitchbetweenvideos.46.Whatisthemessageconveyedinthelastparagraph?

A．Theshortvideoshaveaprofoundimpactonourdailylife.B．TikTokseemstobelosingitsadvantageovershortvideosintheshortrun.C．YouTubeandFacebookmayencounterfinancialdifficultiesindevelopingShorts.D．Agrowingnumberoftechfirmshaveengagedinfiercecompetitionfortheshortvideomarket.CouldaNewBatterySolveOurEnergyProblem?ResearchersintheUShavemadeheadlinesworldwidebydevelopinganewtypeofbatterythatchargesfarfasterandholdswaymorechargethantoday’slithiumcells(锂电池).It’snotjustaterrifictechnologystory,either.TheteambehinditisledbytechlegendProfJohnGoodenoughoftheUniversityofTexas,Austin—theco-inventoroftheoriginallithium-ionbattery,andstilldoingbrilliantworkattheageof94.47That’swhywe’restillusing21st-Centurygadgetrywithoneeyeonbattery,wonderingifwecangettoachargerbeforeourdevicegoescompletelydead.Thisdepressingstateofaffairsismorethansimplyinconvenient.Ifwe’retomakethemostofrenewableenergy,weneedwaysofcopingwiththosetimeswhenthewinddropsorthere’snosunshine.48ElonMusk,thebillionairebossofelectriccarcompanyTesla,certainlythinksso.He’salreadycreateda20megawattbattery‘farm’inCalifornia,andiswillingtoputhismoneywherehisbatteriesare.49Forexample,onewindfarminHawaiihadthreefiresinitsbattery‘farm’withinayearofopening.ButnowGoodenoughandhisteammayhavefoundtheanswer,byswitchingfromlithiumtosodium(钠).ThelithiumbatteriesthatmadeGoodenough’sreputationcontainaliquidelectrolyte(电解质)whichdoesn’trespondwelltorapidcharging.OneofGoodenough’scolleagues,MariaBraga,decidedthattheanswerlayinswitchingtosolidelectrolytes.Theteamhasnowmanagedtogetasolidglasselectrolytetoworkwithsodium,whichissimilartolithiumbutfarmorecommon.50Thebatteryhastriplethechargeofitslithiumequivalent,itchargesinminutesratherthanhours,andithasalongerlifespan.Advancesinenergystoragearevitalifrenewablearegoingtoreachtheirpotential.TheboundlessenergyofGoodenough—theLi-ionKinghimself—mayjusthavefoundthesolutionjustintime.

A．Batteriesthatstoreenergyforthosetimesisoneprettyobvioussolution.B．Nooneseriouslyquestionstheneedforwindandsolarpowertobepartofglobalenergystrategy.C．Theresultistransformational.D．Yetnoteveryoneisconvincedcurrentbatterytechnologyisuptothejob.E．Whilecomputingpowerfamouslydoubleseverytwoyears,batteryperformancehasbarelydoubledin20.F．Commercialisationmaytakeadecade,thoughitcouldhappenfaster.五、书面表达51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Willpeoplereducecarusein20years？Nowadays,theownershipofcarsisnolongerbeingrecognizedasasymbolofone’swealthandsocialposition.Trackingbacktothepastwhenonlytherichwerequalifiedtopossessprivatecars,wecouldn’thelpmarvelingatthehistoricchangesuchaconvenientinventionbroughttopeople’sdailylives.Nevertheless,theincreaseinthenumberofcarownersisspellingmanynegativeeffects.Theserisingproblemsalsocausesomepeopletopredictthattheuseofcarsmightbereducedintwodecades.Aboveall,theuseofcarsremarka