大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷422

大学英语六级改革适用(阅读)模拟试

卷422

一、仔细阅读(本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。)

Researchershavesuggestedthatone'semotionalintelligence(EQ)isagreaterindicatorof

successandsatisfactionthanhisintellectualintelligence(IQ)contrarytoanassumption

thatpeoplewithhighIQsareboundtoaccomplishalotinlife.PsychologistsJackHayer

andPeterSalovcyintroducedtheconceptofemotionalintelligence,orEI,intheearly

1990s.Accordingtothem,emotionalintelligenceisaperson'sabilitytounderstandhis

ownemotionandthoseofothers,andtoactappropriatelyusingtheseemotions.Ona

personallevel,EQincludeshavingmotivationandpursuingagoalsuccessfully.Itis

generallyacceptedthatthefoundationforemotionalintelligenceisbuiltinearly

childhoodandemotionalintelligencecanbetaughtanddeveloped.Therefore,nomatter

whatone'sinnateabilityis,hecanlearntheskillssuchasmakingfriends,beingagood

parentandgettingalongwithcoworkers.Thereisnobigdifferencebetweenmenand

womenontotalEQ.butusuallymentendtobebetteratstresstoleranceandwomentend

tobebetteratempathyandinterpersonalrelationship.Intellectualintelligenceoffers

virtuallynopreparationfortheproblemsonecanfaceinthemiddleofhislife.Even

thoughpeoplealreadyknowthatahighIQisnoguaranteeofsuccess,theygetusedto

payingmoreattentiontointellectualintelligencenotemotionalintelligence.Havinga

highIQ,thatishavingagoodmemory,doesnotnecessarilymeanthepersoniscapable

ofdealingwithemotions.Therearepeoplewholackthesocialskillsassociatedwithhigh

emotionalintelligence,evendioughtheyarcveryintelligent.IQisjusttheindicatorof

schoolachievementandeducationalsuccess.Lowemotionalintelligence,however,can

affectintellectualcapabilities.Forexample,depressionexertsinfluenceonone's

memoryandconcentration.Psychologicaltestshaveproventhatfeelingsofrejectioncan

dramaticallyreduceIQ,resultinginaggressivenessandbeingoutofself-control.Having

ahighIQalonedoesnotmeanthatapersonwillreachhispotential.Moderateto

substantialgeneticinfluenceonIQhasalsobeenfoundthroughmanystudiesanditis

widelyrecognized(hatnotallindividualsareendowedwith(hesameinlelligence,butit

shouldnotbeignoredthatgenesinteractwiththeenvironment.Socialfactorswillsurely

addtointelligence.One*ssuccessisoftendecidedbythreefactors—experienceand

training,IQ,andEQ—amongwhichIQistheleastimportantfactorandEQplaysa

majorrole.Especiallyleadershipsuccessisfoundtobeattributabletoemotional

intelligence.FortunatelywhileIQisfixedandstatic,EQcanbedevelopedandimproved

throughoutlifebytraining,heightening,andexpandingemotionalsensitivityandself-

awarcncss.

1、WhatisthedefinitionofEQingeneralaccordingtothepassage?

A^EQisaperson*scompetencetobeawareofhisorother'semotionandtoactin

accordancewithit.

B、ApersonwithhighEQishighlymotivatedtoachievesuccess.

C、EQisanindicatorofinteractionandlifestyle.

D^EQishowpeopleinteractwithothersandnature.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。题干问，根据原文情商大体上是如何定义的?定位于第一段

“Accordingtothem,emotionalintelligenceisaperson'sabilitytounderstandhis

ownemotionandthoseofothers,andtoactappropriatelyusingtheseemotions.“可知

正确选项是A。选项B为干扰项，第一段莹后一句，4iOnapersonallevel,EQ

includeshavingmotivationandpursuingagoalsuccessfully.”是从个人层面讲，而题

干问总体上，所以有偏差。选项C与选项D,与文章表述差别较大。

2、WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutEQaccordingtothepassage?

A、Emotionalintelligencecanbelearnedanddevelopedthroughoutlife.

B、Emotionalintelligenceisarelativelyrecentideacomparedtotheother.

C、ThereisamajordifferencebetweenmaleandfemaleontotalEQ.

D、Emotionalintelligenceinfluencesothersdramatically.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。原文第二段“Thereisnobigdifferencebetweenmenand

womenontotalEQ…”男女情商总体上没什么大差别。而选项C,男女在情商上有较

大差别，与原文意思恰好相反。选项A对应第二段第一句；选项B对应第一段第

二句；选项D对应第三段。

3、WhichoneofthefollowinginNOTTRUEaboutIQaccordingtothepassage?

A^IQispaidmuchlessattentionbypeople.

B、Intellectualintelligenceisproventohavemoretodowithgenes.

C、Intellectualintelligenceisnotsubjecttochangethroughoutlife.

D、IQistheleastimportantfactorinone,ssuccess.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。题干问选项中哪一个关于智商的描述不符合原文。根据原文

第三段“theygetusedtopayingmoreaRcntiontointellectualintelligencenot

emotionalintelligence”人们习惯于更关注智商而不是情商，选项A意为智商较少得

到人们关注，与原文意思把反，故选A。选项B对应第五段第一句；选项C对应

第五段最后一句；选项D对应第五段第三句。

4、Whytheauthormentioneddepressioninparagraph4?

A、Todemonstratetheimportanceofemotionalintelligence.

B、Tointroduceanewlydevelopeddisease.

C、ItistobeservedasanexampletosupporttheideathatlowEQcanaffectIQ.

D^Itisatransitionalsentence.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。题干问，作者在第四段提到抑那症的原因。联系上下文，第

四段第一句指明，低情商会影响智商。紧接着，举例抑郁症会对记忆力和注意力产

生影响。可知，应选择C,抑郁症被用作一个例子来支持低情商会影响智商的观

点。

5、Howtorankthreefactors(experienceandtraining,IQ,EQ)in(heorderofimportance

fromhightolow?

A、IQ,EQ,experienceandtraining.

B、EQ.IQ,experienceandtraining.

C、IQ,experienceandtraining,EQ.

D、EQ,experienceandtraining,IQ.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。题干问，如何按从高到低的重要性来排列这三个因素：经验

和训练、智商、情商。原文最后一段第三句，“amongwhich10istheleastimportant

faclorandEQplaysamajorrole.”意为智商最不重要，情商最重要。所以，正确排

序应是选项Do

TheWesternisauniquelygenrewhichhasfoundexpression:nthemediousofliterature,

radio,televisionandthemovies.Westernsderivetheirnamefromthefactthattheyare

setWestoftheMississippibeforetheseareasweredevelopedandsettled.Many

WesternsthustakeplaceinfrontieroutpostsinthelatterhalfoftheNineteenthCentury.

Westerns,whilenotaspopularastheyoncewere,continuetobeproducedbecausetheir

settingremainscompellingandallowsfortheexpressionofsomebasichumanconflicts.

PopulariconsoftheWesternincludethegun,thehorse,thesaloonandtheopenprairie.

TheWesternportrayedaviolentandisolatedsocietywhichplacedapremiumon

freedomandindependence.OftenWesternsshowedconflictbetweenwhitesettlersand

NativeAmericans.Anothercommonconflictwasbetweenthefocusoflawandorder,

oftenrepresentedbythetownsheriff,andcriminalelementssuchascattlerustlers,bank

robbersandgunsforhire.Westernswereparticularlypopularfromtheturnofthe20th

Centuryupuntil(hemid1960s.IntheearlypartofthecenturyWesternstoriesusually

appearedininexpensive"pulp"magazines.Inthe1920sradiodramassuchastheLone

Rangercameintovogue.Westernsreachedtheirgreatestaudience,howeverwiththe

largenumberofmoviesmadefromthemid1930stomid1960s.Westernmoviestars

suchasJohnWayne,GaryCooperandmorerecentlyClintEastwoodhaveremained

extremelypopularwiththeAmericanpublic.Withtheadventoftelevisioninthe1950s,a

newavenueopenedupfortheWesternandprogramssuchasGunsmokeandBonanza

exposedawholenewgenerationtothemythologyoftheAmericanWest.Westernsare

oftenthoughttobecrudeandunsophisticatedastheypaintaromanticizedandunrealistic

portraitoftheAmericanWestofthetime.Whilethismaybe:rueofmanyWesterns,

somecriticshavenotedthatthebestWesternsoftenshowaneverpresenttensionin

Americansociey:betweentheneedforsocietyontheonehandandthedesireof

individualstoexpresstheirpersonalimpulsesontheotherhand.Becausethisis

fundamentaltoUSculture,theWesterngenrewilllikelytobewithusfbryearstocome.

6、WhatisthereasonfornamingagenreasTheWestern?

A、Itisaspecificgenreintheformsofthemassmedia.

B、ThebackgroundissetinthewestofMississippi.

C、Amajorityofaudiencesareinterestedinthisname.

D、TherapiddevelopmentofurbanizationinAmerica.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。题干问，西部文艺名字从何而来?定位于第一段“Westerns

dcrivcthcirnamefromthefactthattheyarcsetWestoftheMississippibeforetheseareas

weredevelopedandsettled,"derivefrom“来源于”。原句意为“西部文艺这个名称来

源于：在这些地方被开发和定居之前，人们将密西西比河西部作为背景”。即选项

B,置于密西西比河西部的背景。

7、BesidesconflictsbetweenwhitesettlersandnativeAmericans,whatistheother

conflictportrayedinWestcnn?

A、Conflictsbetweenlawsandregulation.

B、Strugglebetweenlifeincitiesandtowns.

C、Conflictsbetweennatureandhumanbeings.

D、Strugglebetweenfreedomandlimitation.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。题干问，除了白人定居者和美洲土著人之间的冲突外.在西

部文学作品中还描绘了什么样的冲突?根据conflict这一关键词，定位于原文第二段

最后,句，"Anothercommonconflictwasbetweentheforcesoflawandorder.”即此

题的答案，法律的强制力与秩序之间的矛盾。"regulat沁n”也是“秩序，规则”的意

思。

8、Theword"advent"(Line7,Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto.

A、invention

B、suppression

C、appearance

D、evolution

标准答案：C

知识点解析：语义题。"advent”一词的原句为"Withtheadventoftelevisioninthe

1950sanewavenueopenedupfortheWestern…”意为，20世纪50年代，电视的出现

为西部文艺开辟了新道路。选项A“发明”，选项B“抑制”，选项D“进化”，均不符

合。选项C“出现”为近义词替换。

9、WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?

A^Westernsareconsideredtobefierceandunsophisticated.

B、Westernshavebeenandwillbeproducedcontinuously.

C^DespitedifferentopinionsonWesterns,theyarcapartofAmericanculture.

D、WesternsareanunrealisticportraitoftheAmericanWest.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推断题。段落大意题。第四段的大意，选项A、B、D均为本段中的

细节.以偏概全，不是段落的大意。本段描述了对西部文艺的两种态度，选项C

涵盖了主旨。

10、Whichoneofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthispassage?

A^CareersoffamousWesternmoviestars

B、HowtheAmericanWestwassettled

C、ComparisonbetweenWesternsandothergenres

D、AhistoricalandculturalexplanationforWestern

标准答案：D

知识点解析；主旨题。题干问，该篇文章合适的标题。此题用排除法。选项A“西

部文艺电影明星的事业“，很明显没有提及电影明星的话题；选项B“美国人如何在

西部定居下来的“，本篇文章每段围绕西部文艺，美国人定居下来只是一笔带过；

选项C“西部文艺与其他体裁的对比”，文章在开头只是提及西部文艺作为体裁的一

种，之后便再没出现。所以，选项D“对西部文艺的历史加文化解读”为正确答案。

Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocioeconomicbackgrounds

tendtodolesswellinoureducationsystem.ThatisobservednotjustinNewZealand,

butalsoinAustralia,BritainandAmerica.Inanattempttoovercomethateducational

underachievement,anationwideprogramcalled"Headstart"waslaunchedintheUnited

Statesin1965.Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopreschool

institutionsattheageofthreeandwassupposedtohelpthechildrenofpoorerfamilies

succeedinschool.Despitesubstantialfunding,resultshavebeendisappointing.Itis

thoughtthattherearctwoexplanationsforthis.First,theprogrambegantoolate.Many

childrenwhoentereditattheageofthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguage

andmeasurableintelligence.Second,theparentswerenotinvolved.Attheendofeach

day,"Headstart"childrenreturnedtothesamedisadvantagedhomeenvironment.Asa

resultofthegrowingresearchevidenceoftheimportanceofthefirstthreeyearsofa

child'slifeandthedisappointingresultsfrom"Headstart",apilotprogramwaslaunched

inMissouriintheUSthatfocusedonparentsasthechild'sfirstteachers.The"Missouri"

programwaspredicatedonresearchshowing(hatworkingwiththefamily,ratherthan

bypassingtheparents,is(hemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetofftothebest

possiblestartinlife.Thefouryearspilotstudyincluded380familieswhowereaboutto

havetheirfirstchildandwhorepresentedacrosssectionofsocioeconomicstatus,age

andfamilyconfigurations(结构).Theyincludedsingleparentandtwoparentfamilies,

familiesinwhichbothparentsworked,andfamilieswitheitherthemotherorfatherat

home.Theprograminvolvedtrainedparenteducatorsvisitingtheparents'homeand

workingwiththeparent,orparents,andthechild.Informationonchilddevelopment,and

guidanceonthingstolookforandexpectasthechildgrowswereprovided,plus

guidanceinfosteringthechild'sintellectual,language,socialandmotorskill

development.Periodiccheckupsofthechild'seducationalandsensory

development(hearingandvision)weremadetodetectpossiblehandicapsthatinterfere

withgrowthanddevelopment.Medicalproblemswerereferredtoprofessionals.Atthe

ageofthree,thechildrenwhohadbeeninvolvedinthe"Missouri"programwere

evaluatedalongsideacrosssectionofchildrenselectedfromthesamerangeof

socioeconomicbackgroundsandfamilysituations,andalsoarandomsampleofchildren

thatage.Theresultswerephenomenal.Bytheageofthree,thechildrenintheprogram

weresignificantlymoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopmentthantheirpeers,hadmade

greaterstridesinproblemsolvingandotherintellectualskills,andwerefurtheralongin

socialdevelopment.Infact,theaveragechildontheprogramwasperformingatthelevel

ofthetop15to20percentoftheirpeersinsuchthingsasauditorycomprehension,verbal

abilityandlanguageability.

11、Whohasmoreopportunitytobeadmittedtoinvolvein"Headstart"programme?

A、Achilda(theageofthreefromawealthyfamily.

B、Achildattheageofthreefromapoorerfamily.

C、Anadultfrompoorerfamily.

D、Ateenagerattheageofthirteenfromarichfamily.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。题干问，谁更有机会被允许加入“领先起跑”组织?第一段最

后一句.“Ittookchildrenintopre-schoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeandwas

supposedtohelpthechildrenofpoorerfamiliessucceedinschool.”可看出有两个条

件，第一是三岁的小孩，第二是家境贫困的小孩。所以，正确答案是B.

12、Whatis(hemajordifferencebetween"Headstart"programmeand"Missouri"

programme?

A、Thewaytheyapproachchildren.

B、Thestandardtheyset.

C>Thefundingtheyreceive.

D^Thewaytheyregardtheroleofparents.

标准答案：D.」

知识点解析：细节题。题干问两项目的主要不同点。原文第二段倒数第二句，

"Iheparentswerenotinvolved.”和第三段第二句，"TheMissouri

programme...showingthatworkingwiththefamily,ratherthanbypassingthe

parents…”对比可看出，两者的差异在于家长是否有参加。所以应选D。

13、Whichoneofthefollowingisnotincludedineitheroftwoprogrammes?

A、Childrenarcadministeredtopoorandwealthyfamilies.

B、Sufficientfundingisprovided.

C、Theassistanceiscontinuedwithfollow-upinelementaryschools.

D、Educatorsmadevisitstoparents'home.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。题干问，两个项目都没有涉及的?此题用排除法。选项A,

对应第三段第三句，"whorepresentedacross-sectionofsocio-economicstatus''；选项

B,对应第一段倒数第二句，“Alolofmoneywaspouredinloil.”；选项D,对应

第四段第一句."Theprogrammeinvolvedtrainedparent-educatorsvisitingthe

parents'home...选项C“援助在中学还将继续”，文中并没有提及。所以，正确选

项是C。

14、Whatisthepurposeoftheestablishmentofthesetwoprogrammes?

A^Itisdesignedtoimprovepre-schoolers'educationaldevelopment.

B、Itaimstoenhanceearlychildhoodeducationinstitutions.

C、Itsgoalistolayasolidfoundationforadulthood.

D、Thepurposeistoexpandchildren'svision.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推断题。题干问，建立两个项目的目的。选项B“提高早期儿童发展

机构水平原文受益对象不是机构。所以错误；选项C“为成人打坚实的基础”，

文中未提及：选项D“为了扩大儿童的视野”，文中也没有提及。选项A“它们是为

了提高学前儿童的教育本文介绍了两个帮助三岁前儿童的教育项目来提高学前

教育水平，所以选项A正确。

15、Theword"phenomenal"(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto.

A^disappointing

B、unsettled

C、remarkable

D、doubtful

标准答案：C

知识点解析：语义题。此题需要联系上下文。此句后例子包括，"significantly

morcadvanccdinlanguagedevelopment”(儿童在语言发展方面有明显进步)；

t4inadcgicalcislridcsinpiublcuisolving”(儿童在解决问题方面跨山大步)。由此例

子可知.结果肯定是好的，应选褒义词，选项C“显著的”，符合题意。

Asenseofselfdevelopsinyoungchildrenbydegrees.Theprocesscanusefullybe

thoughtofintermsofthegradualemergenceoftwosomewhatseparatefeatures:theself

asasubject,andtheselfasanobject.WilliamJamesintroducedthedistinctionin1892,

andcontemporariesofhis,suchasCharlesCooley,addedtothedevelopingdebate.Ever

sincethenpsychologistshavecontinuedbuildingonthetheory.AccordingtoJames,a

child'sfirststepontheroadtoself-understandingcanbeseenastherecognitionthathe

orsheexists.Thisisanaspectoftheselfthathelabelled"self-as-subject",andhegaveit

variouselements.Theseincludedanawarenessofone'sownagency(i.e.one'spowerto

act),andanawarenessofonesdistinctivenessfromotherpeople.Thesefeatures

graduallyemergeasinfantsexploretheirworldandinteractwithcaregivers.

Cooley(1902)suggestedthatasenseoftheself-as-subjectwasprimarilyconcernedwith

beingabletoexercisepower.Heproposedthattheearliestexamplesofthisarean

infant'sattemptstocontrolphysicalobjects,suchastoysorhisownlimbs.Thisis

followedbyattemptstoaffectthebehaviourofotherpeople.Forexample,infantslearn

thatwhentheycryorsmile,someonerespondstothem.Oncechildrenhaveacquireda

certainlevelofscif-awarcncss,theybegintoplacethemselvesinwholeseriesof

categories,whichtogetherplaysuchanimportantpartindefiningthemuniquelyas

"themselves".ThissecondstepinthedevelopmentofafullsenseofselfiswhatJames

calledthe"Self-as-object".Thishasbeenseenbymanytobetheaspectoftheselfwhich

ismostinfluencedbysocialelements,sinceitismadeupofsocialroles(suchasstudent,

brother,colleague)andcharacteristicswhichderivetheirmeaningfromcomparisonor

interactionwithotherpeople(suchastrustwonhiness,shyness,sportingabili(y).Cooley

andotherresearcherssuggestedacloseconnectionbetweenaperson'sownunderstanding

oftheiridentityandotherpeople'sunderstandingofit.Cooleybelievedthatpeoplebuild

uptheirsenseofidentityfromthereactionsofotherstothem,andfromtheviewthey

believeothershaveofthem.Hecalledtheself-as-objectthe"looking-glassself,since

peoplecometoseethemselvesastheyarereflectedinothers.Mead(1934)wenteven

further,andsawtheselfand(hesocialworldasinextricablyboundtogether:"Theselfis

essentiallyasocialstructure,anditarisesinsocialexperience...itisimpossibleto

conceiveofaselfarisingoutsideofsocialexperience."Finally,perhapsthemostgraphic

expressionsofself-awarenessingeneralcanbeseeninthedisplaysofragewhichare

mostcommonfrom18monthsto3yearsofage.Inalongitudinalstudyofgroupsof

threeorfourchildren,Bronson(1975)fbundthattheintensityofthefrustrationandanger

intheirdisagreementsincreasedsharplybetweentheagesof1and2years.Often,the

children'sdisagreementsinvolvedastruggleoveratoythatnoneofthemhadplayed

withbeforeorafterthetug-of-war:thechildrenseemedtobedisputingownershiprather

thanwantingtoplaywithit.Althoughitmaybelessmarkedinothersocieties,thelink

betweenthesenseof"selfandof"ownership"isanotablefeatureofchildhoodin

Westernsocieties.

16、WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutthedevelopmentofchildren*s

senseofidentity?

A^Thetwoprocesses—"selfasasubject"and"selfasanobject"developatthesame

time.

B、Theprocessofchildren'ssenseofidentitydevelopsgradually.

C、Thetheoryofasenseofselfdevelopmentisstillunderdebate.

D、WilliamJamesdistinguished"selfasasubject"from"selfasanobject"in1892.

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：细节题。此题应用排除法。选项B,对应第一段“Asenseofself

developsinyoungchildrenbydegrees.”孩子的自我认知是逐渐形成的：选项C,对

应第一段“thedevelopingdebate”，逐渐扩大的辩论：选项D,对应第一段“WiHiam

Jamesintroducedthedistinctionin1892”。选项A“主体自我和客体自我同时发展“，

不正确。由第三段第•句，“Oncechildrenhaveacquiredacertainl