河南省南阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题（原卷版）

年春期高中一年级期终质量评估英语试题说明：1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题,满分95分)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,满分55分)两部分。2.将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处,否则不得分。满分150分,考试时间120分钟。第I卷(选择题,共95分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchdoeseachticketcost?A.10yuan.B.20yuan.C.30yuan.2.Whowillgetthestamp?A.Theman'ssister.B.Thewoman'scousin.C.Thewoman'ssister.3.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenthemancalledher?A.WatchingTV.B.Takingnotes.C.Dryingherhair.4.Whomdidthewomanseeyesterday?AJack'suncleB.Jack'sfather.C.Jack'sbrother.5.HowwillthemangotoLondon?A.Byboat.B.Byplane.C.Bycar第二节(共15小题,每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟时间阅读每小题；听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。听第六段材料,回答第6至7题。6.Whoisprobablythewoman?A.Awaitress.B.Theman'sfriend.C.Theman'swife.7.Whatdoesn'tthemanorder?A.Ahamsandwich.B.Acupoftea.C.Abowloftomatosoup.听第七段材料,回答第8至9题。8.WhatisPetergoingtodothisyear?A.Giveupsmoking.B.Findagoodjob.C.Joinaphotographclub.9WheremayJudygotovisitherfriends?A.ToZhengzhou.B.ToChongqing.C.ToKunming.听第八段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Cloudy.B.Windy.C.Sunny11.Wheredoesthegirlsuggestgoing?A.ToForestPark.B.Tothemuseum.C.Tothezoo12.Howwilltheygetthere?A.OnfootB.Bybus.C.Bybike.听第九段材料,回答第13至16题。13.WhatcanwelearnaboutKate?A.ShehardlywatchesTV.B.SheisinJapannow.C.SheprefersEnglishprograms.14.WhichcanKateunderstandwell?A.AJapanesedrama.B.AJapanesetalkshow.C.AJapanesefilm.15.WhatdoesthemanthinkofwatchingTV?A.Itisrelaxing.B.Itisbad.C.Itishelpful.16.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.Kate'shobby.B.LifeinJapan.C.Watchingtelevision.听第十段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhenwasJacobborn?A.In1849.B.In1861C.In1870.18.ForwhomwasJacob'slifework?A.ChildrenB.Poorpeople.C.Oldpeople.19.Whatwerethepoorhouseschangedinto?A.Apark.B.Atallbuilding.C.Afarm.20.WhatdidJacobdoin1889?A.Helearnedsomelaws.B.Hesetupacenter.C.Hepublishedhisbook.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouhadanextra$100,howwouldyouuseittobringmorekindnessinyourcommunity?Ifyouhaveacreativeresponsetothatquestion,readourFAQbelowandapplyforourmonthlycontest.Whatisit?Kindness-In-Actionhelpsindividualsputkindnessideaintoaction.Peoplefromallaroundtheworldsubmittheirideasonwhattheywoulddoiftheyhadanextra$100,andKindSpringselectsawinnereverymonth.Howdoesitwork?First,yousubmityouridea,andifitgetsselected,you’llhearfromoneofourvolunteerreviewersaboutsettingupaphoneorSkypecall.Followingthat,we’llmailyouacheck,you’llhaveamonthtoimplement(实施)theideainyourcommunity,andthenshareyourexperienceandphotoswiththeKindSpringcommunity.We’llalsofeatureitinourmonthlynewsletterthatreachesmorethan100thousandpeoplein150countries,sootherscansharetheideaandspreadmorelove!Whatisthecriteriaforselection?Yourpersonalintention,creativeuseofSmile.Cards,potentialrippleeffect(连锁反应)inthelocalcommunity,andthevotesfromtheKindSpringcommunity(existingmemberscanloginandvoteaswell).Ultimately,wearetryingtoinspiresmall(notbig!)actsofkindness.Howdidyoustart?WereceivedanunexpecteddonationinMay.Toshareinthejoy,wepostedasmallblurbinouronlinecommunityaskingforideas.Inlessthancoupleweeks,morethan50ideasweresubmittedanddozensofpeoplehelpedusevaluatetheideasbyadding“smiles”.OnJuly1st,weannouncedourfirstwinnerandacommitmenttocontinuethisexperiment.Theaimoftheexperimentcontinuestobe:Toinspirecreativeactsofkindnessinlocalcommunities,toempowerindividualstopracticegenerosity,tomodelatrust-drivephilanthropy(慈善事业),andtospreadgoodideas.ClickHeretoApply.Orjoinourcommunityandhelpusselectthenextwinner1.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Awinnerisselectedeveryyear.B.OnlypeoplefromAmericacansubmittheirideas.C.Anunexpectedactofkindnesscontributestoitsorigin.D.Theoneselectedneedstousehisorherownmoneytoimplementtheidea.2.What'sthepurposeofKindness-In-Action?A.Tochoosemorewiseconsumers.B.Topromoteinternationalcooperation.C.Toarousepeopletoexpressthemselves.D.Toencourageactsofkindnessandspreadgoodideas.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook B.Aguidebook C.Awebsite D.Areport.BDuringtheyearsthatpassedfromIwasbornuntilmysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andmyselfmovedawayfromhome,mymotherdidn’thaveajob.Ifshehadbeenaskedtofilloutaquestionnaireaboutherpersonaldata,shewouldhaveleftthequestion‘Employment’empty.Shebelievedthatherjobwastobeourmother-fulltime.Thatwasthewayshehadchosenittobe.Thereisanoldyellowedphotographofmymotherandfather,takenin1942,whentheywereontheirhoneymoon.Theyaresittingatatableinarestaurant.Inthephotomymotherlooksverybeautiful,Ithink.Shewas23yearsoldthen.WhenIlookatthephoto,Iseeawomanwhowouldhavehadanunlimitednumberofopportunitiesinlife.Sheismorethanjustpretty;itiscleartoseethatsheisbothintelligentandvivid.Iknowthatifshehadputhermindtogettingacareer,thewholeworldwouldhavebeenatherfeet.Thestoryofheryouthconfirmsthis.Shegotabrilliantexaminoneofthefinestschoolsinthecountry.Infact,sheisthemostintelligentpersonIknow.Yetshehasalwaysconsideredherselfashousewifeandmother.Everyoneinthetownadmiredherforthegreateffortsheputintocharitywork,butifsomeoneaskedherwhatshedidforalivingorwhoshewas,sheansweredthatshewasRobertGreene’swife,andRobert’s,Deborah’sandTimothy’smother.Todaythereareprobablymanywomenwhowillseewhatshedidasawasteofmymother’sgoodabilities.Whyshouldanintelligentanddeterminedwomanbecontentwithmakingsoupandsandwiches?Weallgothroughouradultlifewiththeconceptionthatwehaveneverbeenanythingbutfullydevelopedgrown-ups.Butanyofushavebeensmallchildrenonce,whohurriedhomefromschoolcompletelyassuredthatsomeonewaswaitingforusathome.Itmeantsomethingthenanditmeanssomethingtoday.AndIameternally(永恒地)gratefulthatthewomanintheyellowedphotographwaswaitingforme.4.WhydidMomleavethequestion“Employment”empty?A.Becauseshecouldn’twrite. B.Becauseshewasafulltimemother.C.Becauseshecouldn’tfindajob. D.Becauseshewasangryatthisquestion.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMom?A.Diligentandstubborn. B.Beautifulandstrict.C.Intelligentandselfless. D.Ambitiousandclever6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Theauthorhastwosiblings.B.TheauthorthinkshighlyofMom’sdevotion.C.Beingafulltimemotherisawasteofability.D.Anintelligentwomanshouldn’tbecontentwithcooking.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnOldYellowedPhotographB.TheMemoriesofMyFamilyC.TheImportanceofSiblings’loveD.TheStandardofBeingaGoodMotherCResearchersatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityareproposinganadditionalwhitetrafficlightthatwillactasasigntohumandriversandpassengersthattheyshouldfollowtheleadofself-drivingvehiclesmovingthroughcrossroads.Drivingisfundamentallychanging.Inthefuture,humandriverswillbesharingtheroadwithautonomousvehicles.Thetransition(转变)toautonomousvehiclesisprogressingwitheachpassingyearandhumansarenolongertheonlyonesdrivingcars.Thismakesiturgentfortrafficlightswithafourthcolortobecomeareality.ThewhitetrafficlightwouldbeequippedwithwirelessBluetoothtechnologyandwouldengagewhenthenumberofautonomousvehiclesdrivingontheroadatanygiventimeexceedsacertainthreshold(阈值).Autonomousvehicleswouldbeincommunicationwitheachotherandwiththetrafficlightsatcrossroads,withinacertainrange.Anyhumandriversinthemixwouldbeinformedtofollowtheleadofthevehicleinfrontofthemviathewhitelight:stopifitstops;continueifitcontinues.Insimulationmodels,autonomousvehicleswereshowntoimprovetrafficflowontheirown.Thehigherthepercentageofautonomousvehiclesatacrossroads,thefasterthetrafficmoved.“Thewhitelightcanbeusedtocoordinate(协调)trafficinanysituationinvolvingautonomousvehiclesandtellshumandriverswhat'sgoingon,sothattheyknowwhattheyaresupposedtodoastheyapproachthecrosswords,”sayscivilengineerAliHajbabaie.Asanexample,mostrecently,Tesla’sproblematicfull-self-drivingvehicleshavebeencriticizedafteracarcrashedintoafiretruck.Consequently,thepotentialrisksmakeresearcherssuggestaddingafourthcolortotrafficlightsinthecomingyears.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph2referto?A.Drivingalongtheroads.B.Drivingthroughcrossroads.C.Thetransitiontomanyhumandrivers.D.Thetransitiontoautonomousvehicles.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Howdriversreacttothetraffic.B.Howthewhitetrafficlightworks.C.HowBluetoothtechnologychanges.D.Howautonomousvehiclescommunicatewitheachother.10.WhyisthewhitelightusedaccordingtoAliHajbabaie?ATocoordinatetraffic. B.Toslowtrafficflow.C.Tostophumandrivers, D.ToControltrafficlights.11.Whatisresearchers’attitudetowardsaddingafourthcolortotrafficlights?A.Indifferent. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable.DJustthreedaysafterbeingdiagnosedwithCOVID-19inSeptember2022,JoanneHortrealizedshe’dlosthersenseofsmellwhenshecouldn’ttastesomeorangejuice.“Ipanicked,andrantothebathroomandstartedtryingtosmellmyperfume,buttherewasnothing,”shesaid.Hort’sexperienceisnowquiteacommonstory.Around86percentofpeoplewhohavehadCOVID-19experienceachangeintheirsenseofsmell.Formost,it’sshort-livedbutforoneineveryfive,particularlytheover-40s,thedamagetakesoversixmonthstoresolve.Thisepidemicofsmellloss,aconditionknowninmedicaltermsasanosmia(嗅觉缺失),hasfocusedattentionbackonthesensethatbiologistCharlesDarwinoncedescribedas“ofextremelyslightservicetomankind”.Almost150yearsafterhesaidthat,wenowknowthatDarwinwaswrong—verywrong.“Researchhasdiscoveredmorethan600genesinthehumanbodyassociatedwiththesenseofsmell,”explainssensoryexpertProfessorEugeniRourafromAustralia’sUniversityofQueensland.“That’saroundthreepercentofthewholegenome(基因组)associatedwithjustonesystem.That’shugeandshowsthatthesenseofsmellisactuallyextremelyimportanttothehumanbody.”Sohowdowesmell?Ithappenswhenodourmoleculesintheairhitnervesintheliningofthenose.Thesesendsignalstotheolfactoryorgan(嗅觉器官),thepartofthebrainthatinterpretssmell.Theolfactoryorganmakesuparoundfivepercentofthehumanbrain.It’sestimatedthatitcandiscriminatebetweenamilliondifferentodours,suchasvariousspices,sourness,sweetness,etc.Eachofushasauniquesenseofsmellandthestrengthofouruniquesmellisrelatedtothegenes.Otherfactorsfurtherdeterminehowsensitiveyoursenseofsmellis.12.What’sthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Introducingthetopicofthepassage. B.Presentingauniquestatement.C.Providingsomebackgroundinformation. D.DescribingthepainfullifeofJoanne.13.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.CharlesDarwinisaterriblebiologist.B.Senseofsmellisunimportanttoushumans.C.EugeniRouraagreeswithDarwin'sopinionofsenseofsmell.D.Manygenesinthehumanbodyareassociatedwiththesenseofsmell.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discriminate”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Recognize. B.Understand. C.Admire. D.Reflect.15.Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthenextparagraph?A.Measurestoimprovethesensesystemofourbody.B.Otherfactorsdeterminingthesensitivenessofoursonsoofsmell.C.Therelationshipbetweenouruniquesmellandthegenesinourbody.D.Theolfactoryorgan’shugeinfluenceonourbrainsandnervesofthenose.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforFirst-TimeCampersNatureprovidesforusinavarietyofways,whetherwerecognizethesegiftsornot.Butnatureisn’tjustthereforustoexplore.____16____BePrepared:WhattoTakeCampingWhilethesaying“alwaysbeprepared”isanobleenoughguidelineforactivitieslikehikingandcamping,sometimes,lessismore.Butdependingontheareawhereyou’restaying,theweathercanbeunpredictable,____17____.Havingasimplerepairkitandafirst-aidkitmaysaveyoufromminorheadachesandinjuries,aswilldoingyourhomeworkwhenplanningwheretogoandwhattotakecamping.Ifyou’rehiking,besuretobringplentyofcleanwateralong,aswellasnutritiousfoodstokeepyougoing.Forcoffee,cheapinstantcoffeepacketscanlessenthemess.Youmayalsobeabletouserunningwaterorriverstonestokeepitemscoolerlonger(orsimplyuseathermos).DoYourResearchBecomefamiliarwithdifferenttreesandwhattheyoffer.Sometreesprovidewoodthat’sgoodforwhittlingandmakingwalkingsticksandcanes.Somewoodisgoodforstartingfires,whileotherwoodisgoodforkeepingthemgoing.____18____.Youcanusepineneedlesinteaorrubthemonyourskinifyou’retryingtobestealthywhilehuntingdeer.Ifyouspotelmtreesnearacreekorriver,youmaybeabletofindthefamousmorelmushroomnearby—justmakesureyoucanpositivelyidentifythemushroomorarewithsomeonewhocan!____19____.Someplaceschargeasmallfeetoparkorcamportheyrequireconservationfeestokeeptheareaclean.Dependingonwhereyoulive,youmaywanttoinvestinametaldetectororaboatforabitofadditionalfun.Youcanalsopurchaseafishinglicense,whichhelpskeepareascleanandlakesandriversstockedwithfish.____20____Idon’tliketohuntorparty;Ienjoysimplysittingonasandbaratdawn,watchingthemistrisefromthewater.Iseeandhearallkindsofwildlife,suchasdeer,owls,bats,birds,squirrels,andbeavers.Ilistenforthebeaversmakingsplashesatnightwiththeirwide,flattails.Ihearcoyoteshowlingatnighttoo.I’veseencottonmouthsnakesandevenpanthertracks!Ilovetheserenityandthesmallthrills,thekindsofexperiencesIwouldn’ttradeforanythingintheworld.A.GohuntingB.EnjoyNatureC.youmayhavetofinishyourhomeworkD.andonesmallholeinyourtentcanleaveyouasleeplessmessE.Whereveryoulive,thereareplentyoffreeareasyoucanvisitF.Othertreesmayprovidenutsandfruits,suchaspecans,mulberries,andpersimmonsG.Byfollowingthesetipsforfirst-timecampers,anyonecanengagewithnatureinamoregratefulway第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)Lifeisfullofupsanddowns,youmustunderstandthatyouwillsometimesfailatthingsanditisokaywhenthathappens.Frombeingakidtotransitioningintoa(an)____21____,youwillfailatmanythingsinlifebutthatwillonlytellyouaboutyourself.Youwillgettolearnaboutyourtrue____22____,thethingsyouaregoodat,andthethingsthatyouare____23____.Wemustlearntoembracetheprocessratherthanrunfromit,onlythenwillwebeableto____24____ourgoalsinlife.Letmetellyousomethingaboutmyself,andhowIfaced____25____inlife.Inmyearlyyearsatschool,Ihadtroublewithsome____26____,Iusedtogetreallybadgrades.SometimesIwouldgetanFandthatwouldmakemereally____27____,Iusedtothink:“WhatwillIshowmyparents?”.SowhatIusedtodowascoverthosegradesup.IwouldturntheFintoaBjustto____28____myparents.Atthebeginning,everythingwentsmoothly,but____29____,Iwascaughtdoingthat.Ilearnedalotafterthat,IknewthatIhadto,_____30_____thatfailureandlearnfromit,andsomething_____31_____actuallycamefromit.Istarteddoingbetterwithmygrades,thatFturnedintoaBnaturally,andthat.BturnedintoanA.Wheneveryoufaceafailure,neverthinkthatyouarenevergoingto_____32_____fromthis,youmustthinkofwaysto_____33_____yourself.DidyouknowthatittookThomasEdison10,000_____34_____toperfectthelightbulb?BillGatesfailedmanytimes,evenhisfirstcompanywasacompletewreck.Allofthisisproofthatwemustlearnfromourfailures,not_____35_____them!21.A.figure B.adult C.clown D.conductor22.A.strengths B.components C.figures D.symbols23.A.accessibleto B.worthyof C.badat D.ashamedof24.A.achieve B.perform C.adapt D.flow25.A.comedies B.fortunes C.elements D.failures26A.images B.identities C.subjects D.accounts27.A.excited B.scared C.committed D.emotional28.A.inform B.please C.win D.love29.A.exactly B.briefly C.obviously D.eventually30.A.accept B.charge C.select D.trick31.A.terrible B.objective C.wonderful D.classical32.A.show B.defend C.recover D.disappoint33.A.cause B.approve C.delay D.better34.A.talents B.contests C.expressions D.attempts35.A.runfrom B.jumpat C.screamat D.leavefor第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共55分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AccordingtoareportbySouthChinaMorningPost,Chinaisplanningtolaunchahyperloop(超级高铁),alsoknownasasuper-highspeedpipelinemaglevsystemby2035.Iftheprojectgoesas____36____(plan),thenewtrainwillbetheworld’s____37____(fast)ground-basedtransporttechnology.Chineseauthoritieshaveannouncedthe____38____(approve)ofthecountry’sfirsthyperloopline.Itslengthwillbe175kilometers,anditwillpassbetweenthecitiesofShanghai____39____Hangzhou.Thesearetwokeymetropolitanareasforthecountry’seconomy.Thedistancebetweenthesetwocitiescannowbecoveredinaboutthreehoursbycaroranhourbyhigh-speedtrain.However,thehyperloopcanreachspeedsofupto1000km/h,____40____meansthattheroutecan____41____(complete)injust15minutes.That’stwicefasterthancommercialpassengerplanesand10timesthantraditionalhigh-speedtrains.TheproposedprojectwillmakeChinaoneof____42____pioneersinhyperlooptechnology,____43____(allow)fastertravelbetweenseveralmajorcities.____44____(reduce)noiseandpollutionlevels,thehyperloopprovidesahigh-securitylevelwithlowenergyconsumption.Thetechnologywill____45____(far)advanceChina'spositionasaleaderintransport.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，得知你的英国朋友John刚被北京大学中文系录取。请你写封邮件表示祝贺，内容包括：1.表示祝贺；2.询问有效学习外语的方法。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJohn,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Hurryupyouguys,oryouwillbelateforschool!”calledMom.Wewentdownstairsandhadaquickbreakfast.Iwaseatingmyfavorite—verysweetporridge,andSarawas.havingeggs.WhenIrosetohavemybowlwashed,Momwhispered,“Youknowyouneedtobecautioustodaywhenyou’rewalkingSaratoschool.It’syourjobto