广东省惠州市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试题高二英语试题

2/2绝密★启用前惠州市2022—2023学年度第一学期期末质量检测高二英语试题（2023.01）试卷共8页，卷面满分130分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAweekendtriptoPragueisjustenoughtimetoenjoythehistoricalsitesinthecityandstilltakeoutsometimetoindulgeinfunactivitiesandthelocalcuisine.BestAreatoStayThemostcentrallocationinPrague,OldTown,iswheremostofthesightseeingattractionsare.YoucaneasilywalktoWenceslasSquare,theAstronomicalClock,andtheOldTownHallTower.AlsotherearemanycafesandrestaurantssoyouneverhavetogotoofarforauthenticCzechfood.Thebestpart?TheCentralRailwayStationisonlya10-15minutes’walkaway,makingiteasyforyoutogooutsidethecityaswell.Day-TimeActivitiesInthedaytime,thereisnothingbetterthanwalkingaroundthecityandtakinginthefantasticsights.YoucanwalkovertheCharlesBridge,orvisitPragueCastle.Apartfromthehistoricalsites,thecityisfullofdifferentparksandattractionsthatcanhelpyoupassthetimeandhavefunatthesametime.AtthePragueGunRange,youcanshootsomelegendaryguns.Ifyou’relookingforafamily-friendlyactivity,thePraguePlaygroundletsyourunaroundasmuchasyouwant.Night-TimeActivitiesPragueisknownforitsloveofmeatandbeer,butthat’snottheonlytypeoffoodanddrinksyoucanenjoythere.SistersCaféiswhereyoucantryoutlocaldeliciousmeatsandcheeses.OryoucangotoŠpejlewhichisastunningrestaurantwhereyoucantastethebestfoodinPrague.OldTownishometooneofthebiggestclubsinEuropeaswellasalotofotherclubsboastingaseriesofspecialtydrinksandinterestingshows.1.Whatmake(s)OldTownthebestplacetostay?A.Amazingclubs.B.AuthenticCzechfood.C.Superiorlocation.D.Sightseeingattractions.2.Whichplaceissuitableforfamilieswithchildren?A.TheCharlesBridge.B.ThePragueCastle.C.ThePragueGunRange.D.ThePraguePlayground.第1页共8页3.Whatisthetext?A.Awebsiteabouttraveling.B.Anadvertisementforaclub.C.Anintroductiontohistoricalsites.D.Amagazineaboutlocalcuisine.BThere’snosuchthingasabadappleinTomBrown’sbook,onlyonesthathavelosttheirway.The79-year-old,fromNorthCarolina,hasspentthe20-oddyearsofhisretirementtrackingdownall-but-extinctapplevarietiesthatoncethrivedthroughoutAppalachia.Bringingthembackfromobscurity(默默无闻)inhisownorchards(果园),heisgivingnewlifetoappleheirlooms(传家宝)withthekindoffamiliarnamesyoumightfindinsomeclassicnovels.StretchingfromsouthNewYorkstatetonorthernAlabama,theculturalregionofAppalachiawashometosome14,000orchard-grownvarietiesatthebeginningofthelastcentury.Bythelate1990showever,commercialorchardsintheUSweregrowingonlyaround100differenttypes.“Oneso-calledexpertsaidIshouldonlybetryingtofindthereallyoutstandingvarieties,”TomBrownsaid.“Buttome,they’reallequallyimportant.It’sathrilltorediscoverthem,andtoknowI’mdoingsomethingunique.”Brown’squestbeganin1998,afterhestumbledacrossastallofheritageapplesatafarmers’market.Amazedattheiruniquetastesandtextures,hesetaboutresearching“lost”apples.Overthenexttwodecades,hefoundnotonebutmorethan1,200,oftenwakingat2amforasix-hourdriveto–say–Virginia,beforespendingthedayknockingondoorsandspeakingtolocalsashesearchedforforgottenorchardsorevensingletreesonremotemountainsides.“Talkingtothelocals,Idiscoveredwhyitwassoproductive:peopletoldmehowtheirfathersandgrandfatherstookprideingrowingapplesthatweredifferenttotheirneighbours’.Atonehousethere’dbefourappletreesonthelawn,alldifferentvarieties.Afewhousesdown,I’dfindanotherthreetrees,alldifferentagain.”Sadly,thepassageoftimemakesBrown’squestaraceagainsttheclock.“Appletreesarenotlonglived,”hesaid.“Andthepeoplewhohelpmefindthemaregenerallyintheir80sor90s.AwholegenerationofthemhaspassedawaysinceIstarteddoingthis.”4.WhathasTombeendoingsinceretirement?A.Searchingforparticularapples.B.Preservingrareapplevarieties.C.Developingnewapplevarieties.D.Growingapplesinhisorchards.5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowinparagraph3?A.Commercialdevelopmentledtothesharpdecreaseofapplevarieties.B.Appalachiausedtobeabundantinapplevarietiesinthemid19thcentury.C.Onlyasmallnumberofappleswerekeptintheorchardsbythelate1990s.D.Traditionalorchardswereunabletogrowmoreapplevarietiesinthe1990s.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBrown?A.Ambitiousanddiligent.B.Generousandfriendly.C.Determinedandcurious.D.Creativeandhumorous.第2页共8页7.WhyisBrown’squest“araceagainsttheclock”?A.Becausefewerpeoplegrowappletrees.B.BecauseBrown’sorchardsaredeclining.C.Becausethenewgenerationshowsnoconcern.D.Becauseappletreesmaydieoutbeforediscovered.CUnknowntomostofuslaymen(外行),thereisquitealotofinterestindevelopingeatabletagsforourfood.Thesecouldperformthesameroleastoday’sfoodlabelsbutwouldalsoformatastysnackafteruse—whichwouldalsodoawaywiththeinformationcontainedonthelabel.Now,Japaneseresearchershavedevelopedanapproachtoproduceonesuchkindofunnoticeable,eatabletag,whichcanbesafelyembeddedinsideeatableproducts.Sofar,theteamhasbeenexperimentingwithtagsthatarebakedintocookies.Knownas“interiQR”,suchtagscanbereadusingadevicewithoutalteringthefoodoritspackaginganddon’thaveanyimpactonthetasteoftheproduct.Oneenormousdrawbackofourlabelsastheyaretodayisthat,increasingly,theyleadtoamountsofextramaterialusedforpackaging—whichtranslatestoincreasedwasteandpollution.UsingaQRcookieasatagwouldhelpcutdownonpackagingwastewhilenotalteringtheitemsinanyway.Theinformationiscontainedin3D-printed“infills”,aroundwhichthecookiesarebaked.Sucha‘label’wouldalsoallowproducers,retailers,orcustomerstoreadtheinformationusingaQRcodereaderandabacklightatanypointinaproduct’slife.“Our3Dprintingmethodisagreatexampleofthedigitaltransformationoffoods,whichwehopewillimprovefoodtraceability(可追溯性)andsafety,”saysseniorauthorofthestudy,KosukeSato.“Thistechnologycanalsobeusedtoprovidenovelfoodexperiences,whichisanexcitingnewfieldinthefoodindustry.”Theteamisconfidentthattheircookietagscouldprovetobeagreathelpinreducingpackagingwasteworldwideoncethey’readoptedonawidescale.Needlesstosay,suddenlyhavingacookieavailabletochewonwitheverypurchaseissuggestiveenoughtoadopttheuseoftheseinteriQRcookies.8.Whatdoes“interiQR”referto?A.Ayummysnack.B.Aneatablelabel.C.Auniquefoodexperience.D.Informationonafoodtag.9.Whatdistinguish(es)interiQRfromcurrentlabels?A.Bettertraceabilityandsecurity.B.Morepackagingbutlesspollution.C.Makinguseof3D-printedmethods.D.Beingeatableunnoticeableandeco-friendly.10.What’sKosukeSato’sattitudetowardsusingthe3Dprintingtags?A.Favorable.B.Cautious.C.Disapproving.D.Unclear.11.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.ToadvertiseforQRcookies.B.Toreportthefindingsofaresearch.C.Toexplainhowtomakeeatabletags.D.Tointroduceanewkindoffoodlabels.第3页共8页DIndoorairpollutionfromcooking,cleaningandmaterialsisagrowingconcern.Backin1989,aNASAstudyfoundthatplantsputinsealedroomscouldreducethelevelsofpollutants(污染物),someofwhichcancausecancer,Thatfindingledtothewidespreadnotionthataddinghouseplantstoroomswilllowerlevelsofindoorairpollution,butlaterstudiessuggestthattheeffectistoosmalltomakeadifferenceinpeople’shomes.So,StuartStrandattheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattledecidedtoenhancethepollution-reducingpowerofgoldenpothos(绿萝)byaddingarabbitgeneforaliverenzyme(酶)thatbreaksdownawiderangeofpollutants.Thisapproachboostedtheeffectseveraltimes.Butevenso,tomakeameaningfuldifference,Strandconcludedthatafanwouldbeneededtomoveairovertheplants.Now,astart-upcompanycalledNeoplantshascreatedanotherGMpothos.Ithastwoaddedgenesfrombacteriaaswellasextracopiesofsomeoftheplant’sowngenes.Thisenablesittobreakdowncertainharmfulairpollutants,thecompanysays.TestsdoneincooperationwiththeUniversityofLilleinFrancesuggestthattheplantsare30timesbetteratremovingtheseairpollutantsthanthebestplantstestedbyNASA,saysPatrickTorbeyofNeoplants.Thefirmreleasedapaperlastweekdescribingitswork,buthasn’tsubmittedittoascientificjournal.“Thisnewpaperlooksprettygood,”saysStrand.Itisn’tpossibletodirectlycomparetheeffectivenessofhisGMpothoswiththeNeoplantsoneasdifferenttestsweredone,hesays.ItremainsunclearwhetherNeoplants’spothoswillmakeanydifferenceinanactualhome.ButTorbeysaysthecompanyissettinguparesearchfacilitynearParisthatwillincludetwo“bedrooms”totestthis.12.WhatdidtheNASAstudyin1989find?A.SealedRoomscontainedairpollutants.B.SealedRoomscouldbecleanedbyplants.C.Plantscouldlowerthelevelsofpollutants.D.Plantscouldcurecancercausedbypollutants.13.HowdoesStuartStrandimprovethegoldenpothos?A.Bybreakingdownpollutants.B.Bymovingtheairovertheplants.C.Bymodifyingthegenesoftheplants.D.Byusingthepowerofgoldenpothos.14.WhatcanweknowaboutGMpothsfromparagraph4?A.Itssatisfyingeffect.B.Itspracticalapplication.C.Expectationsforfuturestudies.D.Limitationsofcopiesofsomeplants’genes.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Anewapproachtosolvingairproblem.B.Houseplantsimprovedtocleanpollutants.C.Scientiststestingplantstoreducepollution.D.Geneticallymodifiedversionsofhouseplants.第4页共8页第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Werethewallsofyourteenagebedroomdecoratedwithcountlessposters?Whenitcomestohomedecoration,oneofthefirstopportunitieswegettoexpressourselvesisbychoosingwhichposterstostickonourteenagebedroomwalls.16.________Thesimplestargumentisthatitallowschildrenandteenstomatchtheirbedroomtotheirpersonality.Youthisatimewhenweareeagerforindependenceandavoice.17.________Thebedroomisasacredspaceawayfromthepressuresofschool,annoyingsiblings(兄弟姐妹)andparents.Weallwantthespaceswespendtimetobecomfortableandpersonalized.18.________Buyingmagazineswithpostersofyourfavouritecelebritiesisamoreaffordableandlesstime-consumingalternativetodecoratingabedroomand,onceatrendpasses,posterscaneasilybetakendown.Postersalsoallowyoutowelcomemultipleaspectsofyourpersonality.19.________ButwithpostersyoucanchoosetoplaceasportslegendnexttoaHollywoodactororacutepuppynexttoapop-star.Theycanbeswitchedaroundsotheflavourofthemonthgetsprideofplace(nexttothebed,obviously)andchangingoneorallofthemcanchangethestyleoftheroom.Researchshowedjust7percentofteenshaveposterontheirwallscomparedto78percentinthe1990s.It’ssadtothinkyoungpeoplearemissingsomething.20.________Buttimeshavemovedon.Andwhoknows,iftheloveofallthingsretrocontinuesinfluencedbyStrangeThings,perhapstheposterwillregainitspopularity?A.Andpostersallowthatfreedom.B.Paintsandwallpaperscanbelimiting.C.Postersareauniqueartformforteenagers.D.Herearewhatwecanexpressthroughposters.E.Sowhywastheordinarypostersopopular?F.Theyonceplayedsuchabigpartofyouthculture.G.Anotheradvantageofpostersasafirstchoiceistheirbeingalteredeasily.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Weallhavemilestonesinlifethatweremembersovividly.ThefirstoneformewaswhenIwasenteringkindergarten.Oneday,Iwasplaying21,andtheboynexttomesaid,"Whyareyousoshort?"AndIjustkeptplaying.Ididn'tthinkhewastalkingtome.Butallthekidshadstoppedplayingand22me.Andoverthenextfewyears,Ihatedtogooutinpublic.Ifelteverystare,every23finger,andIhatedit.Afterbeinganadult,Itravelquiteabit.Travelisa(an)24forme.OncewhenIgotontotheplane,Iusedmygiftof25toaskaladytoputmybagup,andshegracefullydid.Itriednottoeatordrinkontheplane,butnaturehasitsown26,andnotlongafter,it第5页共8页knockedandIanswered.27,whenIwasdoingmybusiness,thedoorfliedopen.Outsidethere'sagentlemanwithalookof28onhisface.AsIcameout,Inoticedthathewassittingrightacrossfromme,andhe'sintotal29.Butwetalkedfortherestoftheflight,andwhenwe30,hesaid,“Michele,Inoticedsomeoneputyourbagup.CanIgetthatforyou?”AndIsaid,“Ofcourse,thankyou.”Andwe31eachotherwell.Andasyou32,Igetalotofhelp.IwouldnotbewhereIamtodayifitwasnotformyfamily,myfriends,mycolleaguesandthemanystrangersthathelpmeevery33dayofmylife.Andit'simportantthatweallhavea34system.Askingforhelpisastrength,nota35.21.A.happilyB.slowlyC.bitterlyD.continuously22.A.lookedatB.listenedtoC.leanedonD.spokewith23.A.bentB.brokenC.pointedD.frozen24.A.pleasureB.challengeC.experienceD.attempt25.A.observationB.thoughtC.listenD.chat26.A.characterB.choiceC.wayD.schedule27.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.IndeedD.Unfortunately28.A.puzzleB.horrorC.anxietyD.excitement29.A.embarrassmentB.astonishmentC.silenceD.confusion30.A.settledB.arrivedC.landedD.left31.A.protectedB.wishedC.answeredD.concerned32.A.noticeB.findC.considerD.read33.A.ordinaryB.commonC.specialD.single34.A.controlB.supportC.healthD.management35.A.failureB.pityC.shameD.weakness第二节(共2小题10空；每空1分，满分10分)阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，选择合适的单词填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个方框里有一个是多余的单词。AA.ancientB.enormousC.splendidD.incredibleE.parkF.boundaryAttheedgeofthe36universe,thereisatreasurenearthe37whichconnectstheArcticCircletotheEurope,whosenameisSarekNationalPark.Itisa(an)38worldthatnobodycanfigureoutwhetheritismorningornight.Atthefarsideofthevalley,a(an)39Samicottageisvisible.How40thesceneryis!BA.shadowB.transformedC.outbreakD.handleE.establishedF.suspectedWhenasevere41ofcholerahitEurope,abig42wascastonJohnSnow.Snow43thewaterpumpwastoblame.Themomentheconfirmedhisassumption,hehadthepump44removed.Finally,thediseasewasstopped.Inhisuseofmaptracingandstatistics,notonlydidSnowconquercholera,buthealso45thewayscientistsstudieddiseases.第6页共8页第三节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Imaginelearningfootballskillswithoutgoingtothefield,or46(get)analertfromyourcaraboutadangernotinsight—sucheye-opening,cutting-edgetechnologieswerebroughttothefifthChinaInternationalImportExpo(CIIE)inShanghai.AtaVRgamedemonstration,visitorscouldwalkandruninthevirtualworldwithaspecialequipment.“TheVRequipment47(be)actuallywidelyusedfortrainingin48(vary)fields,includingmilitary,police,firefighting,powersectorandcoalmining,”saidCarolZhang,seniorprojectmanagerwithKATVR.Atanotherexperiencearea,theinfinite49(possibility)offuturetravelweredemonstratedbyvehiclesthatcombinedmanyintelligenttechnologies,suchasautonomousdriving,imagesensors,cameramodulesandintelligentconnection.Ataboothshowingavirtualsportsevent,therewasacamerainthecornerthrough50thedatacreatedbytheathletesduringexercisewascapturedinreal-time,forming513Dhumanbodymodeltohelpthemfindthe52(good)moves.Theworld’sfirstmultitaskinghigh-techrobotservicestationalsodebuted(首次亮相)atthefifthCIIE,providing53(guide),securityinspection,itemrecyclingandotherservices.54(control)byasmartsystem,the46robots55(send)inrealtimetoperformnumeroustasksindifferentscenarios.第四节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面的句子，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。56.Thegovernmentis___________(commit)toprotectingtheinterestsoflocalresidents.57.35%ofthestudentswere___________(oppose)torunninginthemorning.58.Thereasonforher___________(prefer)forcitylifeisthatit’sconvenientforhertogoshopping.59.Attheageoffiveheshowed___________(exception)talentasamusician,whichamazedpeoplealot.60.Ifyouthinkyou’regoingtolosefromthestart,thendefeatisthe________(logic)outcome.61.___________(apparent),theteacherwasquitesatisfiedwithherprogressinEnglish.62.Hisviewsarebasedonthe___________(assume)thatallpeoplearebornequal.63.Iwasstruckbythebeautifulmountainsinthe___________(distant).64.Iamso___________(bless)tocomeacrossyoubecauseyoubringsomuchjoytomylife.65.Shesang___________(remarkable)wellonthestageandwasapplaudedbytheaudience.第五节(共13小题；每空0.5分，满分15分)根据所给的中文提示完成句子，一空一词。66.我们的俱乐部对每个人都是开放的，不管年龄、教育背景。Ourclubisopentoeveryone,____________________ageoreducationalbackground.67.看完他的笔记，我得出他上课专心听讲的结论。Afterreadinghisnotes,I______________________________thathelistenedcarefullyinclass.68.下班后，别忘记与你的父母保持联系。Don’tforgettokeep__________________withyourparentsafteryou’reofffromwork.第7页共8页69.老板说所有这些资料都由会计负责。Thebosssaidtheaccountantwas___________________________alltheinformation.70.露西的学校被严重毁坏了，她只好暂时到Brooklyn的一所学校去上学。Lucy’sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarily____________________inBrooklyn.71.在我看来你好像不赞成他们提出的计划。Itseemstomethatyouarenot______________________________theproposalputforwardbythem.72.上周她病了，没有出席会议。Shewas____________________themeetingbecauseofillnesslastweek.73.这位司机该对昨天的事故负责。Thedriver______________________________fortheaccidentyesterday.74.我的车在我昨天回家路上抛锚了。Mycar____________________onmywayhomeyesterday.75.给他提供这样一个好机会没有用的。Itis____________________givinghimsuchagoodchance.76.他的国籍与人是否是一位好律师无关。Hisnationalityis____________________whetherheisagoodlawyerornot.77.我不明白为什么那个男孩坚决要求我立马到那儿去。Ididn’tunderstandwhytheboy____________________mybeingthereatonce.78.这个淘气的孩子总是把房间的东西搞得乱七八糟。Thenaughtychildisalwaysturningeverythingintheroom____________________.第三部分写作（满分15分）假设你是李华，你受校学生会委托，为国际部宣传栏写一则英文通知，邀请大家参加下周六举行的“HealthyMind,HappyLife”主题心理嘉年华，内容包括：1.活动目的;2.活动安排;3.欢迎参加。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：嘉年华carnivalNotice___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________