高考英语二轮复习词汇阅读语法写作提升05-学生用

词汇检测（五）

常考词汉语常考词汉语

coastalrechnique

marineadopt

artificialsummarize

constantlyboxy

draftpoetry

volumearchitectural

tuskhesitant

rustamused

reservelifelike

relievedcomposition

steadymonitor

diverseboost

desperateinvestment

literatureexpand

accurateprevious

functioninitiative

frequencyheal

wanderslip

spotlack

vividdivorce

flourishinvestigate

surpassdecrease

masterpieceassume

realisticchaos

古生物化石修复

Step1:阅读理解

TalentedRestorersBringFossilstoLife

Inaglassroominthefirst-floorbasementoftheGeologicalMuseumofGuizhouinGuiyang,Guizhou

province,thehissingofprecisioninstrumentsbreaksthesilenceasexpertsconcentrateandcarefully“wakeup”

fossilsthathavebeensleepingforhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Beforetheyareplacedondisplay,fossilsareusuallyfoundinslatesorrocks,andfewpeoplerecognizewhat

theyare.Restorershavetoremove(heaccretionsaroundthemtobringtheancientanimalsandplantstolife.It'sa

processthatalsohelpsinthescientificstudyoftheexistenceandevolutionofancientspecies.

RestorerLuoYongming,51,sitsunmovingforalmostanhour,staringintothemicroscopeasheusesa

pneumaticpenonacrinoidfossil.Crinoidsareafamilyofmarineanimalsthatstillexisttodayasstarfishandsea

urchins,andthepartLuoiscleaningisonly3to4centimeterslong.

Themostdifficultpartistotellthebonefromtherock.Thepneumaticpenshouldnottouchfossilsdirectly

whenrockisbeingremoved."Somebones,suchasteethorthebonesofsomefish,areasthinasaneedle.That's

whenweneedamicroscope."

"Weshouldrespecteveryfossilasitisapieceofhistory.Weaimtopresentthecreatureinitsmostoriginal

state,andtoencourage(heaudiencetothink."hesaid.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accretions“inparagraph2probablymean?

A.remainsofancientspeciesB.bonesofplantsandanimals

C.earthcoveringfossilsD.rockaccumulatedgradually

2.What'sthemeaningofstudyingthefossils?

A.Ittellspeopleofrestorers5achievements.B.Itshowspeoplehowthefossilscameintobeing.

C.Ithelpspeopleknowtheexistenceandevolutionofancientspecies.

D.Itremindspeopleofwhathappenedinthepast.

3.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthefossils?

A.Ancientcreaturesareinitsoriginalstate.B.Allofthemarewellpreservedintherocks.

C.Restorers'handscantouchthemgently.D.Someofthemarceasytobreakoff.

4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLuo?

A.Modestandinsightful.B.Considerateandcouragecus.

C.Creativeandopen-minded.D.Dedicatedandresponsible.

Step2:材料再利用

1.fossil化石

Onaglobalscale,77%ofenergyiscreatedfromfossilfuels.

全球77%的能量产生自化石燃料。

2.hiss发嘶嘶声

Thecatarcheditsbackandhissed.

猫弓起背发出嘶嘶声。

3.evolution进化

Darwineventuallyputfonvardamodelofbiologicalevolu:ion

达尔文最终提出了生物进化的模型。

4.microscope显微镜

Thebacteriawerethenexaminedundera/themicroscope.

随后把细菌放到显微镜下进行检查。

5.audience观众

Theshowappealstoanaudienceofacertainage.

这个节目中年观众感兴趣。

Step3:背景词汇拓展

1.spotn.点，斑点；地点，场所v.发现19.traditionaladj.传统的

2.tropicaladj.热带的20.localadj.本地的；当地的

3.scenen.景色；场景

4.getawayn.短假

5.seekv^寻找；寻求

6.discoveryn.发现

7.migrationn.迁移；移居

8.regionn.区域

9.ancestorn.祖先

10.datebackto追溯到..

11.historyn.历史

12.beliefn.信念；信任

13.surroundv.包围

14.distancen.距离

15.culturaladj.文化的

16.campaignn.运动

17.appearv.出现

18.representv.代表

Step4:话题微写作

根据所的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。

剪纸，这个有1000多年历史的民间艺术有多种多样的式样。我们经常在中国传统节日里看到剪纸，它被认

为象征着文化的意义。人们张贴剪纸的原因是他们认为剪纸能给他们带来好运和幸福。

3.12022年全国乙卷】

May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially61theUnitedNations

onNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate62festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessman

MuseuminBeijingonThursday.

ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety63(address)theopeningceremony.uAsamain

promoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe54(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa

65(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelpto

buildacommunitywitha66(share)fiiturcfbrmankind,nhesaid.

The<4FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative,'issued(发布)attheceremonycallsfbrpeople

workingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation67culturalexchanges.A

four-yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.

68(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotional

activitiesonsocialmedia,69(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhours

ofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(•)曷幕)attheceremonyopening70(it)first

exhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea.

4.12022年1月浙江卷】

KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowing

minorityofacademics56___arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.Travellingto

conferences,lectures.workshops,andthelike-frcquentlybyplane___57___(view)asimportantforscientists

togettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers_58(bc)nowquestioningthat

ideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotelyand_59___(change)their

personalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFly

ClimateSci.Forexample.____60(rough)200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists

___61___(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.

Cobb,forherpart.startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak___62___shecoulddo

soremotely,aboutthreequartersof63time,theyagreed,Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe

___64(invite).ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans

___65___(continue)thepractice."Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding.5,shesays."areallypositivechange”

D

Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon"m"and"a"totherareclicksofsome

southernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudy

showsthatdict-rclatcdchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarcnowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchasand

"v"，weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamian

Blasia（theUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned（对齐），makingithardto

producelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoan

overbitestructure（结构），makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.

TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.

Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesafter

theNeolithicage,withtheuseof"F'and"v"increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsare

stillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolved

around300,000yearsago.''Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceof

humanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayof

thingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,44saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.

32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi'sresearchfbcuson?

A.Ilsvariety.B.Ilsdibliibulioii.C.Itsquanlily.D.Ilsdcvclupmciil.

33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

2.[2022年全国甲卷】

B

Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshapc-rccognition

abilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattooluse

whilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontof

theboxhada“keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"t。choosefrom.

Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryear

beforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmelrical（对称的）shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneed

tobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan"alloccntricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,

Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolfbrthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalorc.Where

trial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdo

indeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues

（线索）,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.

25.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?

A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromolherbirds.

C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.

26.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?

A.Howfartheyarcabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.

C.Whethertheyarcsmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.

27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners

C.Ccckatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters

3.【2022年全国乙卷】

Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearcfivewaystosustain（保持）long-distance

friendships.

,Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact（联系）andsharewithoneanother.

Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.36.

,Moreisn'talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedand

whatmethodworksbestforyouboth.37.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchas

leavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.

,Practiseempathy（共情）

38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriend

whohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.

•39

Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweighlinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmake

day-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrack

offriends'birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.

"Don'trelyontechnologyalone

40.butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Tryto

seekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.

A.Rememberimportantdates

B.Ccmpensalebywritingletters

C.Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcomniunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

4.【2022年新高考2卷】

Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearnto

practicethreesimpletechniques.

16Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfor

tenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.17Don'tworryaboutgrammar

orspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon'tworkfbreveryone,ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodraw

on.

Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.18Yet,bylearningto

livewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled（弄皱）paper.Thinkof

yourfirstdraftasapathcutoutof（hejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.

Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple——spaced（三倍行距）copytoallowspaceforrevision.19As

aresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks（大块）oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblank

space.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyour

wordprocessor.2（）Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.

A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.

B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.

C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.

D.Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.

E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.

F.Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise.

G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriplc-spacc.

2.【2022年新高考2卷】

Likemanyyoungpeople,Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe.Unlikemostofthem,this25-year-oldisdoingit

2：.Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld,stoppingeverywherefromParisto

Singapore.Itmightsoundlikeonelong,expensive22,butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravel

23

They'repartofanewformofthe24economy:anonlinegroupofhousesillers.Throughouttheirno-cost

staysin25homes,theyfeedpetsandwatcrplantsinthehomeowner's26.

It'snotallsightseeing.Thetwotravelerscarcfiilly27theirtrips,schedulingtheirdaysaroundthepetsthat

aresometimesdifficultto28.Buthousesittingalsooffersalevelof29theycan'tfindinahotel."It'slike

30atafriend'shouse,nJessicasays.

Thecouplehasahigh31rateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgobeyondihe

homeowner's32.ForJessica,thatmeans33plentyofpicturesofhappypets,keepingthehouse

34andleavinganicesmallgiftbeforeheadingtothenexthouse.4'Youwanttomakethehomeownerfeelthat

theymadetheright_35Jshesays.

21.A.indoorsB.onlineC.single-handedD.full-time

22.A.gameB.serviceC.vacationD.procedure

23.A.safeB.busyC.helpfulD.affordable

24.A.localB.privateC.sharingD.agricultural

25.A.strangers'B.parents'C.co-workers'D.neighbors'

26.A.favorB.defenseC.honorD.absence

27.A.planB.explainC.compareD.complete

28.A.buyB.transportC.chooseD.please

29.A.supportB.comfortC.controlD.attention

30.A.cookingB.slayingC.waitingD.studying

31.A.successB.survivalC.growthD.unemployment

32.A.budgetB.abilitiesC.expectationsD.understanding

33.A.admiringB.donatingC.sendingD.borrowing

34A.cleanB.openC.simpleD.empty

35.A.guessB.decisionC.responseD.impression

1