人教版九年级英语上第一单元知识点和练习题

九年级的英语学习，是对整个初中阶段知识的深化与综合运用的开始。第一单元通常围绕“如何学习”这一核心主题展开，旨在引导同学们不仅学习语言知识本身，更要关注学习策略与方法。本单元的知识点与我们日常的学习生活紧密相关，掌握好它们，对提升英语综合能力大有裨益。下面，我们将对本单元的核心知识点进行梳理，并配以针对性的练习题，帮助同学们夯实基础，灵活运用。一、核心词汇与短语词汇是语言的基石。本单元的词汇多与“学习行为”、“思考过程”及“情感态度”相关。1.动词(Verbs)*textbook(n.)教科书；课本(注意发音和拼写，尤其注意中间的“k”不发音)*conversation(n.)交谈；谈话(常与"haveaconversationwithsb."搭配)*aloud(adv.)大声地；出声地(强调发出声音，如readaloud)*pronunciation(n.)发音；读音(其动词形式为pronounce)*patient(adj.)有耐心的(n.)病人(bepatientwithsb./sth.)*discover(v.)发现；发觉(指发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物)*secret(n.)秘密；秘诀(adj.)秘密的；保密的(thesecretto......的秘诀)*grammar(n.)语法*repeat(v.)重复；重做*note(n.)笔记；记录(v.)注意；指出(takenotes记笔记)*increase(v.&n.)增加；增长(可指数量、程度等的增加)*speed(n.)速度(atahigh/lowspeed)*partner(n.)搭档；同伴*born(v.)出生(adj.)天生的(bebornwith天生具有)*ability(n.)能力；才能(theabilitytodosth.)*create(v.)创造；创建*active(adj.)活跃的；积极的(beactivein)*attention(n.)注意；关注(payattentionto)*connect(v.)(使)连接；与……有联系(connect...with...)*review(v.&n.)回顾；复习*knowledge(n.)知识；学问(不可数名词)*lifelong(adj.)终身的；毕生的2.重点短语(KeyPhrases)*workwithfriends和朋友一起学习*makewordcards制作单词卡片*readthetextbook读课本*listentotapes听磁带*asktheteacherforhelp向老师求助*studyforatest为考试而学习*haveconversationswith与……交谈*too...to...太……而不能……*giveareport作报告*spokenEnglish英语口语*thesecretto...……的秘诀*fallinlovewith爱上*bodylanguage肢体语言*aswell也*lookup(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看*sothat以便；为了*takenotes记笔记*mindmaps思维导图*keepdoingsth.一直做某事*beinterestedin对……感兴趣*payattentionto注意；关注*connect...with...把……和……连接或联系起来*learnfrom向……学习*thinkabout考虑*evenif即使；尽管*insteadof代替；而不是二、重点句型与表达(KeySentencePatterns&Expressions)本单元的句型主要围绕“询问学习方法”、“描述学习困难”、“提出学习建议”等展开。1.Howdoyoustudyforatest?*Istudybyworkingwithagroup.**这是本单元最核心的句型，用以询问和回答学习方法。“by+动名词”表示方式、方法。***拓展：HowdoeshelearnEnglish?HelearnsEnglishbyreadingaloudeverymorning.*2.It'stoohardtounderstandspokenEnglish.**“too+形容词/副词+todosth.”表示“太……而不能做某事”。***拓展：Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.*3.Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?*Whydon'tyoujoinanEnglishclub?**这两个句型常用于提出建议。“Whatabout...?”中about是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。“Whydon'tyou+动词原形...?”相当于“Whynot+动词原形...?”***拓展：Whataboutgoingforawalk?Whynotaskyourteacherforhelp?*4.IalsorealizeIcangetthemeaningbylisteningforjustthekeywords.**“by+动名词”结构在此表示通过某种手段达到目的。***拓展：WecanlearnnewwordsbyreadingEnglishnovels.***拓展：Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecauseofhisillness.(Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.)*6.Itis+adj.+(forsb.)+todosth.**这是一个非常重要的基本句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。***例如：ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.*7.Ifindit+adj.+todosth.**it在此作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，adj.作宾语补足语。***例如：IfinditeasytolearnEnglishgrammar.*三、核心语法点(KeyGrammarPoints)1.By+V-ing形式表示方式、方法或手段**这是本单元学习的重中之重。“by”在这里是介词，表示“通过……方式(方法、手段)”，后面接动词时，要用其动名词形式(V-ing)。***例句：**ShelearnsEnglishbywatchingEnglishmovies.(她通过看英文电影学英语。)*Wecanimproveourwritingbykeepingadiary.(我们可以通过记日记来提高写作。)*Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?Bybike.(介词短语，完整形式为byridingabike)**注意：by还可以表示“在……旁边”、“到……时候(为止)”等意思，要结合语境判断。*2.现在完成时的初步感知与运用(本单元可能作为拓展或复习内容)**当谈论学习经历或从过去开始持续到现在的影响时，可能会用到现在完成时。***例句：IhavelearnedalotaboutEnglishculturethroughthiscourse.(通过这门课，我学到了很多关于英国文化的知识。)***结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(V-ed)***注意：本单元的重点还是“by+V-ing”结构，现在完成时若出现，注意其构成和基本含义即可。*3.宾语从句的简化(不定式作宾语)**在一些动词如know,decide,forget,remember等之后，可用“疑问词+不定式”结构来简化宾语从句。***例句：CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcanimprovemyEnglish?(宾语从句)→CouldyoupleasetellmehowtoimprovemyEnglish?(疑问词+不定式)***这一结构在日常交流中非常实用，也符合本单元“学习方法”的主题。*四、巩固练习题(PracticeExercises)I.词汇运用(Vocabulary)A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.ThebestwaytoimproveyourEnglishistop______iteveryday.3.IoftenreadEnglisha______inthemorningtopracticemypronunciation.4.Weshouldpaya______tothekeypointswhenlisteningtotheteacher.5.Thelittlegirlisveryclever.Shewasb______withagoodmemory.B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.HestudiesEnglishby______(watch)Englishcartoons.2.Ihavesometroublein______(learn)Englishgrammar.Canyouhelpme?3.It'sagoodidea______(take)notesinclass.4.Weneedtopractice______(speak)EnglisheverydaytoimproveourspokenEnglish.5.Themoreyouread,thefasteryour______(read)speedwillbe.II.句型转换(SentenceTransformation)1.IlearnEnglishbyworkingwithfriends.(对划线部分提问)____________you______English?2.WhynotjoinanEnglishcorner?(改为同义句)____________joininganEnglishcorner?3.Itistoodifficultformetounderstandthestory.(改为复合句)Itis______difficult______Ican'tunderstandthestory.4.Heimproveshislisteningskillsbylisteningtotapes.(改为一般疑问句)______he______hislisteningskillsbylisteningtotapes?III.单项选择(MultipleChoice)1.—Howdoyouusuallystudyforamathtest?—Istudy______doinglotsofexercises.A.byB.onC.inD.withA.speakB.tospeakC.speakingD.speaks3.______EnglishmoviesisagoodwaytolearnEnglish.A.WatchB.WatchingC.WatchedD.Towatching4.Youcan______newwordsinyourdictionaryifyoudon'tknowthem.A.lookupB.lookforC.lookafterD.lookaround5.Ifind______easytolearnEnglishwellifyouputyourheartintoit.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it(AshortpassageaboutlearningEnglish)LearningEnglishcanbechallenging,butwiththerightmethods,itcanalsobeenjoyable.HerearesometipsfromstudentswhohaveimprovedtheirEnglishalot.LiMingsays,"Iusedtobeweakinlistening.ThenIstartedlisteningtoEnglishsongseveryday.Atfirst,Icouldn'tunderstandmostofthewords.ButIkeptlisteningandtriedtosingalong.NowIcanunderstandmoreandmypronunciationhasimprovedtoo."WangFangshares,"Readingisveryimportant.IreadEnglishstoriesforyounglearners.Theyarenottoodifficult.WhenImeetnewwords,Itrytoguesstheirmeaningsfirst.IfIcan't,Iwritethemdownandlookthemuplater.Thishelpsmebuildmyvocabulary."Remember,thekeyistopracticeregularlyandnotgiveup.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassage.1.WhatdidLiMingdotoimprovehislistening?2.HowdoesWangFangdealwithnewwordswhenreading?3.WhatadvicedoesZhangWeigive?V.书面表达(Writing)假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信询问你是如何学习英语的。请你根据本单元所学内容，结合自己的实际情况，给他写一封回信，介绍一两种你常用的学习方法及其效果。要求：1.词数60-80词左右；2.条理清晰，语句通顺；3.文中不能出现真实的人名、校名。(提示：开头已给出，不计入总词数)DearTom,I'mgladtoreceiveyourletter.YouaskedabouthowIlearnEnglish.Well,IhaveseveralwaysandI'dliketosharetwowithyou.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案与解析(AnswersandExplanations)I.词汇运用A)1.practice/practise2.Mistakes3.aloud4.attention5.bornB)1.watching(by是介词，后接动名词)2.learning(havetroubleindoingsth.)3.totake(It'sagoodideatodosth.)4.speaking(practicedoingsth.)5.reading(动名词作定语，readingspeed阅读速度)II.句型转换1.Howdo;learn(对方式提问用how)2.Whatabout/Howabout(提出建议)3.so;that(so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句)4.Does;improve(一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用does，后面动词用原形)5.howtouse(疑问词+不定式结构)III.单项选择1.A(bydoingsth.通过做某事)3.B(动名词短语作主语)4.A(lookup查阅；lookfor寻找；lookafter照顾；lookaround环顾四周)5.D(it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语)IV.阅读理解1.Hestartedlis