英语专业专升本从句专项训练试卷

英语专业专升本从句专项训练试卷考试时间：120分钟 总分：100分 年级/班级：英语专业专升本

英语专业专升本从句专项训练试卷

一、选择题

1.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainsanounclause?

A.Sheishappybecauseshepassedtheexam.

B.Thebookthatyougavemeisveryinteresting.

C.Whathesaidmademethink.

D.Theywillgotothepartyifitdoesnotrain.

2.Choosethecorrectrelativepronountocompletethesentence:"Theman_______wemetyesterdayisafamouswriter."

A.who

B.which

C.that

D.whom

3.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

4.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesaparticipialphrase?

A.Walkinginthepark,thebirdsweresinging.

B.Thepark,whichwaswalkedbythebirds,wasbeautiful.

C.Thebirds,walkedbythepark,weresinging.

D.Thebirdssingingintheparkwerebeautiful.

5.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriaterelativepronoun:"Thecity_______weliveinisverynoisy."

A.which

B.that

C.who

D.whom

6.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase:

A.Thesunshining,thebirdswereflying.

B.Thebirds,thesunshining,wereflying.

C.Withthesunshining,thebirdswereflying.

D.Shiningsun,thebirdswereflying.

7.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"IwillcallyouwhenIarrive."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

8.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseoftime?

A.Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam.

B.Hewillpasstheexamifhestudieshard.

C.Hestudieshardwhenhewillpasstheexam.

D.Hewillpasstheexambecausehestudieshard.

9.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriatesubordinatingconjunction:"Shewillnotgototheparty_______shefeelswell."

A.because

B.although

C.unless

D.sothat

10.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedsubjectclause:

A.Whathesaidwasinteresting.

B.Thathesaidwasinteresting.

C.Whichhesaidwasinteresting.

D.Whomhesaidwasinteresting.

11.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

12.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason?

A.Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam.

B.Shewillpasstheexambecauseshestudiedhard.

C.Shestudiedhardalthoughshewantedtopasstheexam.

D.Shewillpasstheexamifshestudiedhard.

13.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriaterelativepronoun:"Thewoman_______youspoketoismysister."

A.who

B.which

C.that

D.whom

14.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase:

A.Therainpouring,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.

B.Thechildren,therainpouring,wereplayingoutside.

C.Withtherainpouring,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.

D.Pouringrain,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.

15.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thedogthatbitmeisveryfriendly."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

16.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition?

A.Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam.

B.Hewillpasstheexamifhestudieshard.

C.Hestudieshardwhenhewillpasstheexam.

D.Hewillpasstheexambecausehestudieshard.

17.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriatesubordinatingconjunction:"Shewillnotgototheparty_______shefeelswell."

A.because

B.although

C.unless

D.sothat

18.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedsubjectclause:

A.Whathesaidwasinteresting.

B.Thathesaidwasinteresting.

C.Whichhesaidwasinteresting.

D.Whomhesaidwasinteresting.

19.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

20.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason?

A.Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam.

B.Shewillpasstheexambecauseshestudiedhard.

C.Shestudiedhardalthoughshewantedtopasstheexam.

D.Shewillpasstheexamifshestudiedhard.

二、填空题

1.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriaterelativepronoun:"Thecity_______weliveinisverynoisy."

2.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk."

3.Choosethecorrectrelativepronountocompletethesentence:"Theman_______wemetyesterdayisafamouswriter."

4.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriatesubordinatingconjunction:"Shewillnotgototheparty_______shefeelswell."

5.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase:

6.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"IwillcallyouwhenIarrive."

7.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriaterelativepronoun:"Thewoman_______youspoketoismysister."

8.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseoftime:

9.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thedogthatbitmeisveryfriendly."

10.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition:

11.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriatesubordinatingconjunction:"Hewillpasstheexam_______hestudieshard."

12.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedsubjectclause:

13.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful."

14.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason:

15.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriaterelativepronoun:"Theman_______wemetyesterdayisafamouswriter."

16.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase:

17.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk."

18.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriatesubordinatingconjunction:"Shewillnotgototheparty_______shefeelswell."

19.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseoftime:

20.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thedogthatbitmeisveryfriendly."

三、多选题

1.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainsanounclause?

A.Sheishappybecauseshepassedtheexam.

B.Thebookthatyougavemeisveryinteresting.

C.Whathesaidmademethink.

D.Theywillgotothepartyifitdoesnotrain.

2.Choosethecorrectrelativepronountocompletethesentence:"Theman_______wemetyesterdayisafamouswriter."

A.who

B.which

C.that

D.whom

3.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

4.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesaparticipialphrase?

A.Walkinginthepark,thebirdsweresinging.

B.Thepark,whichwaswalkedbythebirds,wasbeautiful.

C.Thebirds,walkedbythepark,weresinging.

D.Thebirdssingingintheparkwerebeautiful.

5.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriaterelativepronoun:"Thecity_______weliveinisverynoisy."

A.which

B.that

C.who

D.whom

6.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase:

A.Thesunshining,thebirdswereflying.

B.Thebirds,thesunshining,wereflying.

C.Withthesunshining,thebirdswereflying.

D.Shiningsun,thebirdswereflying.

7.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"IwillcallyouwhenIarrive."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

8.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseoftime?

A.Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam.

B.Hewillpasstheexamifhestudieshard.

C.Hestudieshardwhenhewillpasstheexam.

D.Hewillpasstheexambecausehestudieshard.

9.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriatesubordinatingconjunction:"Shewillnotgototheparty_______shefeelswell."

A.because

B.although

C.unless

D.sothat

10.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedsubjectclause:

A.Whathesaidwasinteresting.

B.Thathesaidwasinteresting.

C.Whichhesaidwasinteresting.

D.Whomhesaidwasinteresting.

11.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

12.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason?

A.Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam.

B.Shewillpasstheexambecauseshestudiedhard.

C.Shestudiedhardalthoughshewantedtopasstheexam.

D.Shewillpasstheexamifshestudiedhard.

13.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriaterelativepronoun:"Thewoman_______youspoketoismysister."

A.who

B.which

C.that

D.whom

14.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase:

A.Therainpouring,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.

B.Thechildren,therainpouring,wereplayingoutside.

C.Withtherainpouring,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.

D.Pouringrain,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.

15.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thedogthatbitmeisveryfriendly."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

16.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition?

A.Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam.

B.Hewillpasstheexamifhestudieshard.

C.Hestudieshardwhenhewillpasstheexam.

D.Hewillpasstheexambecausehestudieshard.

17.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriatesubordinatingconjunction:"Shewillnotgototheparty_______shefeelswell."

A.because

B.although

C.unless

D.sothat

18.Choosethesentencewithacorrectlyformedsubjectclause:

A.Whathesaidwasinteresting.

B.Thathesaidwasinteresting.

C.Whichhesaidwasinteresting.

D.Whomhesaidwasinteresting.

19.Identifythetypeofclauseinthesentence:"Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful."

A.Mainclause

B.Adverbialclause

C.Nounclause

D.Adjectivalclause

20.Whichsentencecontainsacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason?

A.Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam.

B.Shewillpasstheexambecauseshestudiedhard.

C.Shestudiedhardalthoughshewantedtopasstheexam.

D.Shewillpasstheexamifshestudiedhard.

四、判断题

1.Anounclausecanfunctionasthesubjectofasentence.

2.Therelativepronoun"who"canbeusedtorefertoanimals.

3.Anadverbialclauseoftimealwaysbeginswithasubordinatingconjunctionlike"when"or"before".

4.Participialphrasescanmodifynounsorpronouns.

5.Anabsolutephraseisalwaysindependentanddoesnothaveagrammaticalconnectiontotherestofthesentence.

6.Asubjectclauseisatypeofnounclausethatfunctionsasthesubjectofthemainclause.

7.Thesubordinatingconjunction"because"isusedtointroduceaclauseofreason.

8.Therelativepronoun"that"canbeusedtorefertopeopleorthings.

9.Anadverbialclauseofconditionalwaysbeginswiththesubordinatingconjunction"if".

10.Agerundphrasecanfunctionasthesubjectofasentence.

11.Anabsolutephrasecanmodifytheentiresentence.

12.Anounclausecannotcontainitsownsubjectandverb.

13.Thesubordinatingconjunction"although"isusedtointroduceaclauseofcontrast.

14.Therelativepronoun"whom"canonlybeusedtorefertopeople.

15.Anadverbialclauseoftimecanalsofunctionasanadverbialclauseofreason.

16.Aparticipialphrasecanbeusedtocreateapassivevoicestructure.

17.Anabsolutephrasealwayscontainsaparticiple.

18.Asubjectclauseandamainclausecannotbepartofthesamesentence.

19.Thesubordinatingconjunction"sothat"isusedtointroduceaclauseofpurpose.

20.Therelativepronoun"which"canbeusedtorefertothingsoranimals.

五、问答题

1.Explainhowanounclausecanfunctionasthesubjectofasentence.

2.Describethedifferentusesoftherelativepronoun"who"inasentence.

3.Discusstheroleofanadverbialclauseoftimeinasentenceandprovideexamples.

试卷答案

一、选择题

1.C

解析：Nounclause(名词性从句)isatypeofclausethatfunctionsasanoun.Itcanbethesubject,object,complement,orappositiveinasentence."Whathesaidmademethink"isanounclausebecause"whathesaid"functionsasthesubjectoftheverb"made".

2.C

解析：Relativepronoun(关系代词)"that"isusedtorefertobothpeopleandthings.Inthesentence"Themanthatwemetyesterdayisafamouswriter,""that"refersto"theman"andalsoactsasthesubjectoftherelativeclause"thatwemetyesterday".

3.B

解析：Adverbialclause(状语从句)ofconcession(让步状语从句)explainsthecontrastorunexpectedsituation."Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk"isanadverbialclauseofconcessionbecauseitintroducesacontrastbetweentherainandtheirdecisiontogoforawalk.

4.D

解析：Participialphrase(分词短语)modifiesanounorpronoun."Thebirdssingingintheparkwerebeautiful"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedparticipialphrase"singinginthepark,"whichmodifies"thebirds."

5.B

解析：Relativepronoun"that"isusedtorefertothings."Thecitythatweliveinisverynoisy"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedrelativeclause"thatwelivein,"where"that"refersto"thecity."

6.C

解析：Absolutephrase(独立主格结构)isaphrasethatmodifiestheentiresentenceandisnotgrammaticallyconnectedtoanypartofthesentence."Withthesunshining,thebirdswereflying"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase"Withthesunshining,"whichmodifiestheentiresentence.

7.B

解析：Adverbialclauseoftime(时间状语从句)indicateswhenanactiontakesplace."IwillcallyouwhenIarrive"isanadverbialclauseoftimebecause"whenIarrive"indicatesthetimewhenthecallwillhappen.

8.B

解析：Adverbialclauseoftimealwaysbeginswithasubordinatingconjunctionlike"when"or"before"."Hewillpasstheexamifhestudieshard"isanadverbialclauseofconditionbecause"ifhestudieshard"explainstheconditionunderwhichhewillpasstheexam.

9.C

解析：Subordinatingconjunction"unless"introducesaclauseofcondition,indicatingsomethingthatmusthappenforthemainclausetobetrue."Shewillnotgotothepartyunlessshefeelswell"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition"unlessshefeelswell."

10.A

解析：Subjectclause(主语从句)isatypeofnounclausethatfunctionsasthesubjectofthemainclause."Whathesaidwasinteresting"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedsubjectclause"Whathesaid,"whichfunctionsasthesubjectoftheverb"was".

11.D

解析：Adjectivalclause(定语从句)modifiesanounorpronoun."Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful"isasentencewithanadjectivalclause"thatyourecommended,"whichmodifies"thebook."

12.A

解析：Adverbialclauseofreason(原因状语从句)explainsthecauseorreasonforanaction."Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason"becauseshewantedtopasstheexam."

13.C

解析：Relativepronoun"that"isusedtorefertopeople."Thewomanthatyouspoketoismysister"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedrelativeclause"thatyouspoketo,"where"that"refersto"thewoman."

14.C

解析：Absolutephrasealwayscontainsaparticiple."Withtherainpouring,thechildrenwereplayingoutside"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase"Withtherainpouring,"whichcontainstheparticiple"pouring."

15.D

解析：Adjectivalclausemodifiesanounorpronoun."Thedogthatbitmeisveryfriendly"isasentencewithanadjectivalclause"thatbitme,"whichmodifies"thedog."

16.A

解析：Adverbialclauseofconditionindicatesaconditionunderwhichanactionwilltakeplace."Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition"Ifhestudieshard."

17.C

解析：Subordinatingconjunction"unless"introducesaclauseofcondition,indicatingsomethingthatmusthappenforthemainclausetobetrue."Shewillnotgotothepartyunlessshefeelswell"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition"unlessshefeelswell."

18.A

解析：Subjectclauseisatypeofnounclausethatfunctionsasthesubjectofthemainclause."Whathesaidwasinteresting"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedsubjectclause"Whathesaid,"whichfunctionsasthesubjectoftheverb"was".

19.D

解析：Adjectivalclausemodifiesanounorpronoun."Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful"isasentencewithanadjectivalclause"thatyourecommended,"whichmodifies"thebook."

20.A

解析：Adverbialclauseofreasonexplainsthecauseorreasonforanaction."Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason"becauseshewantedtopasstheexam."

二、填空题

1.that

解析：Relativepronoun"that"isusedtorefertothings."Thecitythatweliveinisverynoisy"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedrelativeclause"thatwelivein,"where"that"refersto"thecity."

2.Adverbialclause

解析：Adverbialclauseofconcessionintroducesacontrastorunexpectedsituation."Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk"isanadverbialclauseofconcessionbecauseitintroducesacontrastbetweentherainandtheirdecisiontogoforawalk.

3.that

解析：Relativepronoun"that"isusedtorefertobothpeopleandthings.Inthesentence"Themanthatwemetyesterdayisafamouswriter,""that"refersto"theman"andalsoactsasthesubjectoftherelativeclause"thatwemetyesterday".

4.unless

解析：Subordinatingconjunction"unless"introducesaclauseofcondition,indicatingsomethingthatmusthappenforthemainclausetobetrue."Shewillnotgotothepartyunlessshefeelswell"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition"unlessshefeelswell."

5.Withthesunshining,thebirdswereflying

解析：Absolutephrasealwayscontainsaparticiple."Withthesunshining,thebirdswereflying"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase"Withthesunshining,"whichcontainstheparticiple"shining."

6.Adverbialclause

解析：Adverbialclauseoftimeindicateswhenanactiontakesplace."IwillcallyouwhenIarrive"isanadverbialclauseoftimebecause"whenIarrive"indicatesthetimewhenthecallwillhappen.

7.that

解析：Relativepronoun"that"isusedtorefertopeople."Thewomanthatyouspoketoismysister"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedrelativeclause"thatyouspoketo,"where"that"refersto"thewoman."

8.Hewillpasstheexamifhestudieshard

解析：Adverbialclauseoftimealwaysbeginswithasubordinatingconjunctionlike"when"or"before"."Hewillpasstheexamifhestudieshard"isanadverbialclauseofconditionbecause"ifhestudieshard"explainstheconditionunderwhichhewillpasstheexam.

9.Adjectivalclause

解析：Adjectivalclausemodifiesanounorpronoun."Thedogthatbitmeisveryfriendly"isasentencewithanadjectivalclause"thatbitme,"whichmodifies"thedog."

10.Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam

解析：Adverbialclauseofconditionindicatesaconditionunderwhichanactionwilltakeplace."Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition"Ifhestudieshard."

11.Shewillnotgotothepartyunlessshefeelswell

解析：Subordinatingconjunction"unless"introducesaclauseofcondition,indicatingsomethingthatmusthappenforthemainclausetobetrue."Shewillnotgotothepartyunlessshefeelswell"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition"unlessshefeelswell."

12.Whathesaidwasinteresting

解析：Subjectclauseisatypeofnounclausethatfunctionsasthesubjectofthemainclause."Whathesaidwasinteresting"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedsubjectclause"Whathesaid,"whichfunctionsasthesubjectoftheverb"was".

13.Adjectivalclause

解析：Adjectivalclausemodifiesanounorpronoun."Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful"isasentencewithanadjectivalclause"thatyourecommended,"whichmodifies"thebook."

14.Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam

解析：Adverbialclauseofreasonexplainsthecauseorreasonforanaction."Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason"becauseshewantedtopasstheexam."

15.that

解析：Relativepronoun"that"isusedtorefertobothpeopleandthings.Inthesentence"Themanthatwemetyesterdayisafamouswriter,""that"refersto"theman"andalsoactsasthesubjectoftherelativeclause"thatwemetyesterday".

16.Withtherainpouring,thechildrenwereplayingoutside

解析：Absolutephrasealwayscontainsaparticiple."Withtherainpouring,thechildrenwereplayingoutside"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedabsolutephrase"Withtherainpouring,"whichcontainstheparticiple"pouring."

17.Adjectivalclause

解析：Adjectivalclausemodifiesanounorpronoun."Thedogthatbitmeisveryfriendly"isasentencewithanadjectivalclause"thatbitme,"whichmodifies"thedog."

18.Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam

解析：Adverbialclauseofconditionindicatesaconditionunderwhichanactionwilltakeplace."Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofcondition"Ifhestudieshard."

19.Adjectivalclause

解析：Adjectivalclausemodifiesanounorpronoun."Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful"isasentencewithanadjectivalclause"thatyourecommended,"whichmodifies"thebook."

20.Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam

解析：Adverbialclauseofreasonexplainsthecauseorreasonforanaction."Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam"isasentencewithacorrectlyformedadverbialclauseofreason"becauseshewantedtopasstheexam."

四、判断题

1.正确

解析：Nounclause(名词性从句)canfunctionasthesubjectofasentence.Forexample,"Whathesaidwasinteresting"isasentencewhere"Whathesaid"isanounclausefunctioningasthesubject.

2.错误

解析：Relativepronoun(关系代词)"who"isusedtorefertopeople,notanimals.Foranimals,"that"or"which"shouldbeused.

3.正确

解析：Adverbialclause(状语从句)oftime(时间状语从句)alwaysbeginswithasubordinatingconjunctionlike"when,""before,"or"after"toindicatewhenanactiontakesplace.Forexample,"Iwillcallyouwhenyouarrive"isanadverbialclauseoftime.

4.正确

解析：Participialphrase(分词短语)canmodifyanounorpronoun.Forexample,"Walkinginthepark,thebirdsweresinging"isasentencewhere"Walkinginthepark"isaparticipialphrasemodifying"thebirds."

5.正确

解析：Absolutephrase(独立主格结构)isalwaysindependentanddoesnothaveagrammaticalconnectiontoanypartofthesentence.Forexample,"Withthesunshining,thebirdswereflying"isasentencewhere"Withthesunshining"isanabsolutephrasemodifyingtheentiresentence.

6.正确

解析：Subjectclause(主语从句)isatypeofnounclausethatfunctionsasthesubjectofthemainclause.Forexample,"Whathesaidwasinteresting"isasentencewhere"Whathesaid"isasubjectclause.

7.正确

解析：Subordinatingconjunction(从属连词)"because"introducesaclauseofreason(原因状语从句)toexplainthecauseorreasonforanaction.Forexample,"Shestudiedhardbecauseshewantedtopasstheexam"isasentencewithaclauseofreason.

8.正确

解析：Relativepronoun(关系代词)"that"canbeusedtorefertobothpeopleandthings.Forexample,"Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryhelpful"isasentencewhere"that"refersto"thebook."

9.正确

解析：Adverbialclause(状语从句)ofcondition(条件状语从句)alwaysbeginswiththesubordinatingconjunction"if"toindicateaconditionunderwhichanactionwilltakeplace.Forexample,"Ifhestudieshard,hewillpasstheexam"isasentencewithaclauseofcondition.

10.正确

解析：Gerundphrase(动名词短语)canfunctionasthesubjectofasentence.Forexample,"Swimminginthepoolisfun"isasentencewhere"Swimminginthepool"isagerundphrasefunctioningasthesubject.

11.正确

解析：Absolutephrase(独立主格结构)canmodifytheentiresentence.Forexample,"Withtherainpouring,thechildrenwereplayingoutside"isasentencewhere"Withtherainpouring"isanabsolutephrasemodifyingtheentiresentence.

12.错误

解析：Nounclause(名词性从句)cancontainitsownsubjectandverb.Forexample,"Whathesaidwasinteresting"isanounclausewhere"Whathesaid"containsitsownsubject"he"andverb"said."

13.正确

解析：Subordinatingconjunction(从属连词)"although"introducesaclauseofcontrast(转折状语从句)toindicateanunexpectedsituation.Forexample,"Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk"isasentencewithaclauseofcontrast.

14.正确

解析：Relativepronoun(关系代词)"whom"isusedtorefertopeopleandistheobjectofapreposition.Forexample,"Thewomanwhomyouspoketoismysister"isasentencewhere"whom"refersto"thewoman."

15.错误

解析：Adverbialclause(状语从句)oftime(时间状语从句)indicateswhenanactiontakesplace,whileanadverbialclauseofreason(原因状语从句)explainsthecauseorreasonforanaction.Theyservedifferentpurposes.

16.错误

解析：Participialphrase(分词短语)cannotcreateapassivevoicestructure.Passive