词汇清单16 语言学习的规律和方法原卷版

词汇清单16语言的学习规律和方法

必备知识梳理

Q必识核心词汇

1.absorbvt.吸收:使全神贯2.expressv.表达

3.improvev.提高4.mastervt.精通，掌握

5.overcomev.克服：解决6.concentrateon集中注意力于...

7.kccp/bcar...inmind记住...8.practicen.&v.练习

9.pronouncev.发音10.reviewv.复习

11.retellv.重讲,复述12.acquirev.获得

语言学习规13.recitev.背诵14.lookup查阅

律和方法的15.makeprogress取得进步16.sct/takc/writc/notedown写下，记下

动词17.attachimportanceto重视18.benefitfrom从...获益

19.consultv.咨询;请教20.memorize也记忆

21.skimv.浏览：略读22.scanv.&n.扫描：浏览

23.remarkn.&v.评述：谈论；评论24.classifyv.分类：归类

25.enlarge”使扩大26.haveafroginone'sthroat说话困难

27.bumup烧毁，烧尽28.bumdown烧毁

29.reflectv.显示，反映

1.accentn.□吾■:腔2.communicationn.交流.沟通

3.knowledgen.知识，学问4.grammarn.语法

5.idiomn.成语6.dialectn.地方话：方言

7.pointofview观点：看法8.speechn.演说：演讲

9.usagen.使用：序法10.vocabularyn.词汇

11.sayingn.谚语12.standardn.&adj.标准（的）

语言学习规13.dictationn.听写14.errorn.错误,谬误

律和方法的15.resourcen.资料.（教学）资源16.summaryn.摘要；概要

名词17.globalizationn.全球化18.meansn.方式；方法；途径

19.seminarn.研讨会20.alphabetn.字母表：字母

21,forum〃.（因特网上的）论坛，讨论区22.extinctionn.灭绝；消失；消灭;废止

23.coursen.科目；课程24.semestern.学期;半年

25.interpretern.解释者；□译者；注释器26.symboln.符号；象征

27.meansn.方式：方法:途径28.classicn.经典作品;名著

29.regardn.尊重；关注30.charactern.文字；符号；角色；品质；特

31.calligraphyn.15^；书法艺术32.affairn.公共事务；事件；关系

33.semestern.学期34.advancen.前进；发展

35.aidn.援助；帮助：救援物资36.audiencen.观众：听众

37.behaviourn.行为;举止38.titlen.题目，标题

39.nativelanguagc/tonguc母语40.nativespeaker生来就说某种语言的人

41.attitudeofmind心态；看法

1.fluentlyadv.流利地2.informal时.（书写或言谈）非正式的

3.synibolica靖.象花的：符号的；使用符号的4.explicit^//.清楚明白的；易于理解的

5.preciseadj.准确的；精确的；确切的6.capitalizedadj.大写的

7.basedadj.以…为基础的：以……为重要部分8.verbaladj.口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面

的的

语言学习规9.oraladj.口头的,口述的10.majoradj.主要的：重要的；大

律和方法的11.classicadj.传统的：最优秀的；典型的12.globaladj.全球的：全世界的

形容词副词13.wickedadj.缺德的，邪恶的；很棒的，极好14.opposingadj.（观点、意见等）相反的，相对立

和其他的的

15.confusingadj.令人困惑的16.capitalizedadj.大写的

17.uniqueadj.独一无二的，独特的18.visibleadj.看得见的，可见的

19.creativeadj.创造（性）的20.unfamiliaradj.不熟悉的，不了解的

21.awareadj.意识到的，明白的22.specificadj.特定的；明确的；具体的

23.oddadj.奇特的，古怪的24.negativeadj.消极的,负面

对点训练.

Q巩固提升

一.词汇拓展

I.VI.提到；参考；查阅必查询；叫…求助于一〃.指称关系；参考；涉及；提及；查阅

-〃.（某些体育运动的）裁判员；调解人

2.a的.以（某事）为基础的；一M以…为据点；以…为基础〃.底部；根据一adj.基

本的；基础的―adv.基本上，根本上，本质上

3.〃.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化-adj.各种不同的；各种各样的-w.

&汉使多样化；改变；变化-adj.多变的；杂色的；各式各样的

4.adj.全球的；全世界的一儿球体；地球仪；地球

5.PA欣赏：感激：领会PL增值-〃.欣赏；感谢；理解；明白

6.儿同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的-adv.相同地；同样地一n.平

等一adj.不平等的，不相等的

7.儿要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问-＞adj.要求高的；苛求的

8.〃.描写(文字)；形容-W.描述；描写

9.W.联系；讲述一adj.相关的；有联系的―机关系；联系一adj.相

对的；有关系的；儿亲戚一＞adj.无关的，不相干的

10.adj.特定的：明确的；具体的-adv,确切地；具体地；特别地-v.确切说

明；明确规定；详述

11.儿态度，看法—adj.态度上的

12.儿系统；制度，体制tadj.成体系的；系统的；有条理的―adv.系统

地；按照计划地

13.几符号，象征一vt.象征；作为…的象征tadj.象征性的，使用象征的

14.M/.主要的；大的九主修课程W.主修一儿多数

15.几文字；符号；角色；品质；特点-adj.典型的：特有的；〃.特征；特性；特色

16.vt.恳求；祈求；哀求―n.乞丐

17.adj.自信的-〃.自信，信任；把握-adv.自信地

18.W.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性九均衡，平衡；平衡能力一＞adj.平衡的，均衡的

19.vt.吸引-adj.吸引人的，有魅力的-〃.吸引；具有吸引力的人或事物

20.VA&vi.赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)-儿赞成；认可；批准一儿不赞成：

反对)

二.用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Thelearnedexpressedhisnovelaboutthistheory,(think)

2.Allmenarebom,soeveryonehopestobetreatedbecauseyisthebasicdemand,

(equal)

3.Itisaninventionsothatweareallatit;toour,itisadisabledmanwhomade(he

invention,(amaze)

4.Henrygaveherasmileandhismadeherfacechallengebravely,(confident)

5.TheGreatWallisafamous,whosesceneryisvery,anditmillionsoftouristsathome

andabroad,(attract)

6.Althoughsomegraduatesfindittofindasuitablejobaftergraduation,(heyarestillwillingtoacceptall

the.(challenge)

7.Samuel,anAmericanJazzsucceededinathiscollege.Theaudiencewereimpressedbyhis

amazing.(perform)

8.Themanwaitedoutside.Itseemed(hathedidn'tknowcomesfromnotbeingabletoadapt

himselfinhisownexistence.(anxious)

9.Sometreesarein(heriverandtheisverybeautiful,(reflect)

10.Jimsowellthattheteacherpraisedhisgoodinfrontofclass.(behave)

11.Althoughhemanytimes,Henrydidn'tadmithewasa.(fail)

12.Aftersufferingheavy,Paulsataroundinhisoffice,inthought.(lose)

13.Thesenewshoesarcnotvery(houghtheyarcdesignedfor.(comfort)

14.Asyouknow,freshairis1toourhealthand(henewparkusall,soweshouldkeepitclean,

(benefit)

15.Hehadchangedsomuchthatyoucouldn'thim.Asamatteroffact,illnessandagechangedhim

beyond.(recognize)

16.Thoughdifferentfromthenatural,thesegirlsarecharacterizedfortheircleanfaces,

fairskinanddelicatemakeup,(beauty)

17.“In,thegovernmentprovidedanfivemilliondollarstoexpandtheservice.“theofficial

.(add)

18.Beforethenewlawcomesinto,Ihopewecantakesomemeasurestoprotecttheanimals.

Thenweshouldworkatonce,(effect)

19.Afterseeingthefilm,theboywastooiowalkhomealoneinthedark,(frighten)

20.Sue,whohadastrong,expressedheropinion.speaking,Iagreedwithwhatshesaid,

(person)

三.一词多义

Lecture

A.一讲座：演讲_B.〃.教训I,训斥_C.W.指责，训斥Dvi.开讲座，讲课

1.Whatmakesmeannoyedisthatheisalwayslecturingmeaboutmybehavior.

2.(应用文之演讲稿)Ifeelgreatlyhonored(odeliveralecturewhichisdesignedforSeniorThreestudents.

3.Asaseniorhighschoolstudent,IknowImuststopsmoking—don'tgivemealectureaboutit.

4.MrBlacklecturesinRussianliteratureinthisuniversity.

narrow

A.v.缩小B.adj.狭隘的C.adj.勉强的D.adj.范围小的

5.Thedriverhadanarrowescapewhenhiscarskiddedontheicyroad.

6.AsfarasI'mconcerned,themanagerhasanarrowviewoftheworld.

7.Theshopsellsonlyanarrowrangeofgoods.Let'sgotoanotherone.

8.RuralearningshavebeenrisingsteadilyinChina,andthewealthgapbetweenruralandurbanresidentsisnarrowing.

fancy

A.花哨的B.Mf.昂贵的，豪华的C.vt.想要

9.Thatwasthefirsttimethatwchadeatenoutinafancyrestaurant.

10.“Whatonearthdoyoufancydoing,anyway?”askedLucycoldly.C

i1.Thenecklaceispackagedinafancyplasticcasewithattractivegraphics.

wave

A.vi.挥动波；波状运动C.〃.汹涌的行动(或思想)D.n.波浪

12.Timknewitwouldsoonbeswallowedbythewaves.

13.ResearchersatBostonUniversity,US,monitoredthebrainwavesof13healthyadultswhoweresleeping.

14.TheinspectorwavedhisarmstoextendawarmgreetingtoGlenn'smother.

15.Hecompletesatleast(wohoursofoutdooractivitiesdailyandhasraisedawaveofdiscussiononline.

Update

A.W.向……提供最新信息B.vi.更新C.7L最新消息

16.Thegovernmentalsoupdatesthenumbersofnewconfirmedcases,deathsandrecoveriesindetail.

17.ItwasonaTVchannel'snewsupdatethatMonicaheardthenews-flash.

18.1calledtheofficetoupdatethemantheday'sdevelopments.

四.选词填空

A.factorB.limitedC.solutionD.currentE.signalF.uncertain

(1maintainedH.themed1.representJ.marchedK.determine

1.Themuseum'snewexhibitionisaroundtheSilkRoad,showingancienttradegoodsandmaps.

2.Despitetheheavystorm,thepilotcalmandsafelylandedtheplane.

3.Scientistsarctryingtowhetherthenewdrugcanstopthevirusfromspreading.

4.Aftertheceremony,thestudentsoutofthehallinperfectorder.

5.Theeconomicsituationencouragesmoreyoungpeoplestarttheirownbusinesses.

6.Chestpainscanbeawarningofheartproblems.

7.Becausethefinalexamtimetablehasnotbeenannounced,studentsarestillaboutwhentheirfirsttest

willtakeplace.

8.ThetinybluedotonChemapismeanttoourvillage,whichishometo5()0people.

9.Recyclingiswidelyseenasanenvironmentallyfriendlytoplasticpollution.

10.Priceisanimportant(hataffectsmostfamilieswhenchoosingaholidaydestination.

burndown;beawareof;bemadeupof;bedifferentfrom;turnout;upsanddowns;

datebackto;atthebeginning;dependon;getusedto

11.1didn'tthinkIcouldeverlivinginabigcityafterlivinginthecountry.

12.Noonecouldhaveforeseenthatthingswouldthisway.

13.ChineseNewYearothercountry'sNewYear.

14.Thechancesofafullrecoverywilltheseverityofherinjuries.

15.Thewritingprocessfourstages,andeachstageinvolvescertainactivities.

16.CanIgobacktowhatyousaidofthemeeting?

17.Atthattimenoneofustheconsequences.

18.ThecavesearlyV汰ingtimesinabout80()A.D.

19.Ifyouforgottoturnitoffwhenyouwentaway,youmightthehouse.

20.Weareboundtoseesomealongtheroadtorecovery.

叫刺突破

Passage1

阅读理解

【语言变化及发展】

⑵）25.2026学年湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学高三上学期月考）Linguisticsholdsabasicpremise（前提）

atitsheart;alllanguagesarcequal.Eachoftheworld'sroughly7,000languagesrepresentsauniquewayofseeing

andunderstandinglife,anaturalexperimentinhumanthought.Judgmentsofalanguage'sworthstemnotfromits

structure,butfromthepowerandstatusofitsspeakers.Yetthisprofounddiversityiscollapsing.Currently,about

halfofalllanguageshave10.000orfewerspeakers.Themediannumberofspeakersperlanguageonevery

continentisbelowI,(X)().Thesefiguressignalacuteendangerment.

Languagesarenotadyingnaturaldeath;theyarebeingforcedoutofexistence.Afewdozenkiller

languages,"likeEnglishandSpanish,expandthroughpolitical,economic,andculturalconquest,whilecenturiesof

imperialism,capitalism,andnation-buildingsqueezeouttherest.Theerosionhappenseverywhere;insettler

societiesliketheUSandCanada,halfoftheindigenous(原住民的)languagesarealreadysilent;inhomesglobally,

fair.iliesabandonmothertonguesfordominantlanguages,losingnotjustwordsbutgesturesandcultural

knowledge.

Whydoesthislossmatter?Eachlanguageholdsuniqueinsightsintohumancommunication—likethe

expressiveclicksofKhoisanlanguagesortheobjcct-subjcct-vcrborderofWarao.Morecrucially,languages,carry

poetry,oralhistories,environmentalwisdom,andlifeways.Researchconfirmsthatmother-tongueeducationand

languagemaintenancearevitalformentalandphysicalwell-being,especiallyformarginalized［被边缘化的)

communities.

Theorganizedefforttopreservelanguagesisrecent.Inspiredbybiodiversityandindigenousrights

movements,linguistsandactivistsnowracetodocumentlanguages,creatingdictionariesandrecordingoral

histories.However,linguistscannot“save”languagesalone;thatpowerlieswiththecommunitiesthemselves.

Revitalizationisachallengingactofhope,oftenfeelinglikea“wonderfulmadness”—anattempttorevivea

worldviewnearlylost.Thefightforlinguisticdiversityisultimatelyafightalongsideitsspeakers,requiringreal

supportfromthemajorityworldthatseldomnoticesthissilentcrisis.

1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Tolistgloballanguagestatistics.B.TopresentacuiTentlanguagecrisis.

C.Toargueagainstlanguagesuperiority.D.Tocomparevariouslanguagestructures.

2.Whatdoesthetermukillerlanguages''refertointhetext?

A.Thosenolongerspokenbyanycommunity.

B.Thosepassingonthroughwordsandgestures.

C.Thosethrivingattheexpenseofotherlanguages.

D.Thosesimplifyingcomplexsoundandgrammarrules.

3.Whydoeslanguagelossmatteraccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Itdegradespoetryandoralhistories.

B.Itthreatensglobalenvironmentalsafety.

C.Itdamageswell-beingofallcommunities.

D.Ithurtsthecontinuityofsomeknowledge

4.Whatisessentialforlanguagerevivalaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.AdequateexternalfundingB.Sustainedcommunityendeavor.

C.Unshakableindividualoptimism.D.Diversetechnologicaladvancement.

Passaee2

【语言文化】

（2025-2026学年河北省部分地区高三上学期1月英语试题）Along-standinghypothesisincognitive

scienceholdsthatthelanguagewespeakinfluencesourperceptionoftimeandfurthershapesourfuture-related

decisions.KnownastheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,thisideahassparkeddecadesofdebate:someresearchers

advocateastrongversionwherelanguagedeterminesthought,whileotherssupportaweakeronearguingthat

languagemerelyexertsanimpactonit.Recentstudieshaveshednewlightonthisissuebyfocusingonhow

linguisticdifferencesinfuturereferenceaffectintertemporalchoice.

Ina2012studypublishedinScience,psychologistKeithChencomparedspeakersoflanguageswitha

distinctgrammaticalfuturetense(suchasEnglish,whichuses“will”or“shall”)andthosewithout(likeMandarin,

wherethesameverbformoftenappliestopresentandfutureevents).Chen'steamanalyzeddatafroiri76countries,

includingsavingsrates,smokingratesandretirementplanning.Theyfoundthatspeakersofttfuture-less,,languages

were30%morelikelytosavemoney,24%lesslikelytosmokeand29%moreinclinedtoinvestintheirhealththan

thoseusinglanguageswithagrammaticalfuturetense.

Criticshavepointedoutconfoundingvariableslikeculturalnormsandeconomicconditionsthatmight

explainsuchdifferences.Tbaddressthisconcern,follow-upexperimentsbyChenandhiscolleaguescontrolledfor

thesefactors.Inonelabexperiment,participantswereprimedtoviewthefutureaseither“distant"or“near”.

Speakersoffuture-lesslanguagesshowedconsistentfuture-orientedbehaviorregardlessofthepriming,whereas

thoseusingfuture-tenselanguagesweresignificantlyaffectedbyit.

A2018studyledbylinguistEveDanzigerfocusedonAmazonianindigenouscommunities.ThePiraha

languagelackswordsfbrspecificlimeperiods,andDanziger(bundthatPirahaspeakersstruggledtoplanfbr

eventsmorethanafewdaysahead,yetexcelledatimmediateproblem-solving,indicatingatrade-offbetween

present-focusedandfuture-focusedcognitiveabilities.Thesefindingsdonotprovethatlanguageisthesole

determinantoffuture-thinkingpatterns,butratherrevealacomplexinteractionbetweenlanguage,cultureand

cognition.

5.WhatistheSapir-Whorfhypothesisabout?

A.LanguageandhumanthoughtconnectionB.Cultureanddailybehaviorrelationship

C.TimeandfutureplanningcorrelationD.Regionandlanguagechangelink

6.HowisMandarindifferentfromEnglishinChen'sstudy?

A.UsescomplextensesfbrtimeexpressionB.Hasuniquewordsforfuturedescriptions

C.SharesverbformsforpresentandfutureD.Reliesonphrasesforpresentmatters

7.WhydidChen'sleaindoQ)llow-upcxpuriinunls?

A.TocollectmorecountrydatasamplesB.lbexcludeotherinfluencingfactors

C.TochangelabresearchmethodsusedD.Toconfirmthestronghypothesisfully

8.WhatistrueaboutPirahaspeakers?

A.BehavelikeMandarinlanguageusersB.Arcgoodatmakinglong-termplans

C.HavewordsformarkingtimeperiodsD.Excelatsolvinginstantproblemswell

Passage3

完形填空

(2025-2026学年广东省深圳市龙华区深圳市致理中学高三上学期10月月考英语试题)1neverplanned

onlearningChinese.EvenwhenIfoundoutIwasgoingtoShanghai,IassumedthatIwouldbeableto___L

English.Itdidn'ttakelongfbrmetorealizehownaive(天真的)Iwas.Chinesecharactersaretotallyforeignand

2.1quicklygotsickofnotbeingabletounderstandanything,andIdecidedto3for(heChineseclass

offeredbymyuniversity.

IhadChineseeveryweekday,afterwhichIspentatleastanhour4thelesson.Intheevening,my

friendsandIquizzedeachotheronthe5wehadtomaster.Moreimportantly,Imadeaconscious(有意识

的)6tocommunicateinChineseinstoresandrestaurants.1was7whenIwasabletohavea

simpleconversationwiththelocals.

WhenI8achieved"A"sonmyChineseexams,Ithoughtitwastimetotakeabreakfromstudying

fbrChineseeverydayandfocusonmyotherclasses.Unfortunately,thisturnedouttobea(n)9.Notonly

werethelessonsthemselvesgettingharder,butmystudyhabitswere10.Ihadnochoicebuttostartfrom

(hebeginningintermsofcomingupwithand11newstudyhabits.

Withfinalscomingup,Ihaveestablishedmygoldenrule:thereisn'ta(n)12waytolearnanew

language.Onceyoucommitandaccept(hatyouarea13.itbecomesanongoingprocesscfexploration,

failure,reassessment,andtryingagain.AmIfluentnow?Noteven14.Infact,Imayneverbe.ButI

learnedhowtobehonestwithmyselfandgetthrough15.

1.A.sharewithB.putupwithC.dealwithD.keepupwith

2.A.inflexibleB.incomprehensibleC.unmemorableD.unacceptable

3.A.registerB.provideC.accountD.prepare

4.A.evaluatingB.adaptingC.presentingD.reviewing

5.A.structuresB.articlesC.charactersD.rules

6.A.effortB.statementC.appointmentD.commitment

7.A.relaxedB.delightedC.shockedD.moved

8.A.exceptionallyB.obviouslyC.randomlyD.regularly

9.A.challengeB.accidentC.mistakeD.escape

10.A.worseningB.emergingC.changingD.developing

11.A.kickingB.posingC.breakingD.exploring

12.A.innovativeB.usefulC.availableD.perfect

13.A.followerB.beginnerC.supporterD.winner

14.A.closeB.readyC.sureD.right

15.A.misadventuresB.hesitationsC.setbacksD.disasters

语法填空

(2025-2026学年浙江省绍兴市柯桥区高三上学期高考科目适应性考试英语试题)CH/加Dictionary

recentlynamed“vibecoding”itsWordoftheYearfbr2025.This(ennreferstoanewwayofsoftware

development—usingartificialintelligence(AI)toturnnaturallanguage]computercode.Simplyput,you

justicllamachinewhaiyouwant,insteadofwritingcomplexcodeyourself.

ThetermwascoinedbyAndrejKarpathy,arenownedAIexpertwhoonce2(workiatTeslaand

OpenALHedescribeditasusingAItocreateappswithoutthinkingaboutcode.Collinschoseitbecauseit

demonstrates3languageevolveswithtechnology.AsAIplaysanincreasinglysignificantroleindailylife,

vibecodingismakingprogramming4(accessible)lonon-experts.

Manyotherinterestingtermsmadetheshortlist.t4Clankcr^^isaBritishslangwordforrobotsorAI,5

(carry)asomewhatnegativemeaning.uBroligarchy^^meansasmallgroupofrichmenwithsignificantpolitical

influence."HENRY”standsfbr“highearner,notrichyet"，describingpeoplewhocamwellbuthaven't

accumulated6(consider)wealth.

7(addition),therearealsowork-relatedwordslike“taskmasking”and“micro-retirement”.The

formerreferstopretendingtobeproductiveatwork,8thelattermeanstakingabreakbetweenjobsto

pursuepersonalinterests.Termslike“biohacking"a