新标准大学英语3期末复习

背诵段落

UnitlAl

Inthefallofourfinalyear,ourmoodchanged.Therelaxedatmosphereofthe

precedingsummersemester,theimpromptuballgames,theboatingontheCharles

River,thelate-nightpartieshaddisappeared,andweallstartedtogetourheadsdown,

studyinglate,andattendanceatclassesrosesteeplyagain.Weallsensedwewere

comingtotheendofourstayhere,thatwewouldnevergetachancelikethisagain,

andwebecamedeterminednottowasteit.Mostimportantofcoursewerethefinal

examsinAprilandMayinthefollowingyear.Noonewantedthehumiliationof

finishinglastinclass,sothepeergrouppressuretoworkhardwasstrong.Libraries,

whichwereonceemptyafterfiveo'clockintheafternoonwerestandingroomonly

untiltheearlyhoursofthemorning,andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheir

pale,sleepyfaceswithpride,likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence.

Unit3Al,4,6

1Wealllistentomusicaccordingtoourseparatecapacities.But,forthesakeof

analysis,thewholelisteningprocessmaybecomeclearerifwebreakitupintoits

componentparts,sotospeak.Inacertainsensewealllistentomusiconthreeseparate

planes.Forlackofabetterterminology,onemightnamethese:(1)thesensuousplan

e,(2)theexpressiveplane,(3)thesheerlymusicalplane.Theonlyadvantagetobe

gainedfrommechanicallysplittingupthelisteningprocessintothesehypothetical

planesistheclearerviewtobehadofthewayinwhichwelisten.

4Yes,thesoundappealofmusicisapotentandprimitiveforce,butyoumustnot

allowittousurpadisproportionateshareofyourinterest.Thesensuousplaneisan

importantoneinmusic,averyimportantone,butitdoesnotconstitutethewhole

story.

6Listen,ifyoucan,tothe48fuguethemesofBach'sWell-TemperedClavichord.

Listentoeachtheme,oneafteranother.Youwillsoonrealizethateachthememirrors

adifferentworldoffeeling.Youwillalsosoonrealizethatthemorebeautifula

themeseemstoyoutheharderitistofindanywordthatwilldescribeittoyour

completesatisfaction.Yes,youwillcertainlyknowv/hetheritisagaythemeorasad

one.Youwillbeable,inotherwords,inyourownmind,todrawaframeofemotional

feelingaroundyourtheme.Nowstudythesadonealittlecloser.Trytopindownthe

exactqualityofitssadncss.Isitpessimisticallysadorresignedlysad;isitfatefullysad

orsmilinglysad?

1

Unit4B7,11

7Businesstravellerstoocansufferfromhomesickness.Askanyfrequentflyerin

theirfortiesorfifties“Doyoustillenjoythethrilloftravel?",andthey'llprobablysigh

andreplythatthesenseofseparationisnowtoostrong.Thecomfortofaluxuryhotel

roomduringaweekendontheirowninaforeigncityisinfinitelylessappealingthan

takingthechildrentotheparkoraballgame.Forprofessionalexiles,homesicknessis

acknowledgedaspartofcultureshock,astageeveryonegoesthroughsoonerorlater

aftertheinitialenthusiasmforone'snewsurroundings,andascynicismand

despondencysetin.Acknowledgingthatoneishomesickmayhelpavoidtheriskof

anxietyanddepression.

11Homesicknessisbothapainfullongingtobebackhome,andanextremelycommon

occurrence.It'snotimmatureorsomethingtobeashamedof.Maybe,justmaybe,it's

whenyourparentsdiethatyoumakeyourownhome,thatyounolongerhaveto

suppressyourfeelingsofhomesickness.Canyoufinallyindulgeinyourstrongfeeling

sforyourownhome?

Unit5A2,3

2JoshLesterturnedinto46thStreet.HewasnotyetenjoyingtheChristmasspirit,

becausehewasstillatwork,albeitaworkingdinneratJoanne*s.Joshwasblack,inhis

earlythirties,andanagreeable-lookingperson,dressedsmartlybutnotexpensively.

Hewasfromahard-workingfamilyinupstateVirginia,andwasprobablyhappiest

backhomeinhisparents'house.ButhisdemeanorconcealedaHarvardlawdegreeand

aninternshipinDCwithacongressman,ajuniorpartnershipinaNewYorklawfirm

,alongwitharazor-sharpintellectandanabilitytothinkonhisfeet.Joshwasvery

smart.

3TheappointmentmeantJoshwouldn'tgethomeuntilafterChristmas.Hewasnot,

however,unhappy.Hev/asmeetingJoRogers,theseniorsenatorforConnecticut,and

oneofthebestknownfacesintheUS.SenatorRogerswasaDemocratinherthird

termofoffice,whoknewCapitolHillinsideoutbutwhohadneverthelessmanagedto

keephercredibilitywithhervotersasaWashingtonoutsider.Shewaspro-abortion,

anti-corruption,pro-lowcarbonemissionsandanti-capitalpunishment,asfinea

progressiveliberalasyoucouldfindthissideoftheAtlantic.Talkshowhostscalled

herHonestSenatorJo,andacoupleofyearsago,Timemagazinehadherinthe

runningforWomanoftheYear.Itwaselectiontimeinthefollowingyear,andthe

wordwasshewasgoingtorunfortheDemocraticnomination.RogershadmetJoshin

DC,thoughthimhighlycompetent,andhadinvitedhimtodinner.

2

中译英

Unitl

中国有一句话，叫“人贵有自知之明”。这个观念的最早提出者

是老子。老子在《道德经》里说“知人者智，自知者明”.有“自知

之明”是指人应该对自己有正确的认识，了解自身的优点和缺点，清

醒地知道自己能做什么。我们把人的自知视为“贵”，可见做到“自

知”是多么的不易。“自知之明”是一种人生哲学，也是一种品德。

它可以帮助我们不断地修正自己，朝着更高的人生目标迈进。

AstheChinesesayinggoes,itisimportanttoknow

oneself.Thefirstpersontoputforwardthisnotionwas

Laozi,whowroteinhisbookDaoDeJing:"Aperson

whoknowsothersisintelligent,butapersonwhoknows

himselfisinsightful."Toknowoneselfistohavea

correctunderstandingofoneself,includingone'sstrengthsand

limitations,andtobeclear-mindedaboutwhatonecando.

Wecherishthisvirtuesomuchpreciselybecauseitis

reallyhardforpeopleto

knowthemselves.Knowingoneselfisbothpartofa

philosophyoflifeandavirtuethat

canfacilitateself-improvementandattainmentofahigherlifegoal.

3

Unit3

在敦煌莫高窟，最著名的艺术杰作要数壁画“飞天”(flyingapsaras)。敦煌

飞天是印度文化和中国文化共同孕育而成的。在印度，，被称为“飞天”的空中

飞行的天神(celestialbeings)多出现在佛教石窟壁画(grottomural)中，中国道

教传统则把再空中飞行的天神称为“飞仙”(flyingimmortals)。魏晋南北朝时,

佛教初传入中国，壁画中的飞仙开始被称为“飞天”。后来，随着佛教在中国的

深入发展，佛教的飞天和道教的飞仙在艺术形象上相互融合。敦煌莫高窟的匕天

是中国古代艺术家的杰作，是世界艺术史的奇迹。

IntheMogaocavesinDunhuang,themuralswith“flyingapsaras^are

oneofthemostwell-knownartefacts.TheflyingapsarasintheDunhuang

GrottoMuralsareaproductoftheintermixingofIndianandChinese

culture.InIndia,flyingcelestialbeingscalled"flyingapsaras95appear

mostlyinmuralsinBuddhistcaves,whileintheChineseDaoisttradition,

flyingcelestialbeingsareknownas“flyingimmortals”.DuringtheWei,

Jin,andNorthernandSoutherndynasties,whentheintroductionof

BuddhisminChinawasatanearlystage,peoplebegantousetheterm

“flyingapsaras“torefertotheflyingimmortalsinthemurals.Later,with

thedevelopmentofBuddhisminChina,theartisticimagesofBuddhist

flyingapsarasandDaoistflyingimmortalsmergedwitheachother.The

flyingapsarasintheDunhuangGrottoMuralsareamostingenious

creationofancientChineseartists,andamarvelinthehistoryofworld

art.

4

Unit4

目前，中国老年人口居世界第一，已经进入老龄化社会。而中国现在正处于

社会转型期，建立一个完整的社会福利体系仍需很长的一段时间，因此中国的养

老问题较为特殊。预计在今后半个世纪，家庭养老仍然是中国主流的养老模式。

孝敬父母(filialpiety)一直是中国传统伦理道德(ethics)的重要组成部分。在

当今这样一个老龄化的社会中，弘扬孝道就显得更加重要，因为在鼓励人们对家

里的老人提供日常照顾和情感慰藉方面，孝道仍将起关键性的作用。

China,withthelargestpopulationofelderlypeopleintheworld,has

becomeanageingsociety.Meanwhile,Chinaisalsoacountryundergoing

socialtransition.ltwillbealongtimebeforeasoundsocialwelfaresystem

canbeestablished,whichmeansthatChinaisinauniquesituationwhen

itcomestocareofitsageingpopulation.Itispredictedthatinthenext50

years,familycarefortheagedwillstillbethedominantpracticeinChina.

FilialpietyhasalwaysbeenasignificantpartoftraditionalChineseethics.

Intoday'sageingsociety,itwillbeallthemoreimportanttopromotethe

virtueoffilialpiety,asitwillcontinuetoplayacrucialroleinencouraging

peopletotakegoodcareoftheirelderlyfamilymembersbyproviding

dailycareandemotionalsupport.

5

Unit5

女性是劳动力市场的重要组成部分。但是当前劳动就业中的性别歧视仍然存

在，这与我国构建和谐社会的要求背道而驰。就劳动者而言，不能人尽其才，不

仅造成人力资本投资的浪费，还会使她们对社会公正产生怀疑；就用人单位而言,

性别歧视不仅破坏人才选拔的程序，造成人才浪费，也会不利于人们正确理解何

为正常运转的市场；就社会而言，性别歧视不仅干扰人力资源的正常流动，还会

破坏就业市场的公平环境。

Womenareanimportantpartofthelabourforce.Butgenderdiscriminatio

ninthejobmarketstillexists,andservesasacounterforcetothebuilding

ofaharmonioussociety.Asfarasemployeesareconcerned,jobsthatdo

notsuittheirtalentswillnotonlygiverisetoawasteoftheinvestmentin

humancapital,butalsocausethemtolosefaithinsocialjustice.Asfor

employers,genderdiscriminationwillnotonlydisrupttheprocessof

selectingtalent,andthuswastetalent,butwillalsoharmtheperceptionofa

properlyfunctioningmarket.Onthelevelofsociety,genderdiscrimination

willsetanobstacletotheproperdistributionofhumanresources,and

damageafairenvironmentinthejobmarket.

6

英译中

Unit4B

ThisUS-wideinstitutionofconvenientchildcareduringthelongsummervacation

wasidealizedbytheparentsasbeinggreat“fbn”.

夏令营遍布全美，是漫长暑假里方便的儿童托管所，被父母们美化成特别"好玩''

的地方。

...whensonsofthearistocracyweretornfromthefamilyhearthandsentto

boardingschoolattheageofseven.

……贵族子弟到了七岁就被带离温暖的家，送到寄宿学校就读。

...fbrwantofamother'shug,boyswhothengrewuptobeheartlesspoliticiansand

ruthlesscaptainsof