中考英语重点短语记忆手册

中考英语重点短语记忆手册亲爱的同学们，短语是英语学习的基石，也是中考英语考查的重点与难点。扎实掌握核心短语，不仅能帮助你在听力、阅读中准确理解句意，更能让你的写作与口语表达更加地道和丰富。这本手册旨在为你梳理中考必备的重点短语，并提供实用的记忆方法，希望能成为你备考路上的得力助手。一、短语记忆心法死记硬背往往事倍功半，掌握科学的记忆方法才能事半功倍。1.语境记忆法：将短语融入具体的句子或段落中理解和记忆，远比孤立背诵效果好。尝试用短语造句，或在阅读时留意短语的用法。2.关联记忆法：将意义相近、相反或结构相似的短语归类记忆。例如，“lookfor”（寻找）和“find”（找到）；“puton”（穿上）和“takeoff”（脱下）。3.图像联想/动作辅助法：对于一些描述动作或状态的短语，可以尝试在脑海中形成画面，或配合简单的动作，加深印象。例如，“turnup”（调大音量）和“turndown”（调小音量）。4.高频复现法：根据艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，及时复习至关重要。将短语整理在笔记本上，利用碎片时间反复翻看，或制作单词卡片进行自测。5.应用实践法：在日常的英语写作、口语表达中，有意识地运用所学短语。只有通过不断运用，才能真正内化，做到脱口而出、信手拈来。二、重点短语分类梳理以下是中考英语中出现频率高、实用性强的短语分类汇总，请结合例句理解并记忆。（一）动词短语动词短语是中考考查的重中之重，通常由“动词+介词”、“动词+副词”或“动词+名词”构成。1.take类*takeoff起飞；脱下（衣物）；（事业等）突然成功*Theplanewilltakeoffinanhour.*It'shot,pleasetakeoffyourcoat.*takeon承担；呈现；雇佣*Hetookonextraworktoearnmoremoney.*Thecitytakesonanewlookinspring.*takeup占据（时间、空间）；开始从事（爱好、职业）*Thistabletakesuptoomuchspace.*takecareof照顾，照料=lookafter*PleasetakecareofmypetwhileI'maway.*takepartin参加（活动）=participatein*Allstudentsshouldtakepartinthesportsmeeting.*takeplace发生=happen(无被动语态)*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometown.2.make类*makeup组成；编造；化妆*Girlsmakeup50%oftheclass.*makesure确保，查明*Makesureyoulockthedoorbeforeleaving.*makefriendswith与……交朋友*It'seasytomakefriendswithkindpeople.*makeprogress取得进步*Withhardwork,youwillmakeprogress.*makealiving谋生*Hisfathermakesalivingbyfishing.3.get类*getup起床*Iusuallygetupearlyinthemorning.*geton/off上/下车（船、飞机等）*Wegotonthebusatthenextstop.*getalong/onwith与……相处；进展*Howareyougettingalongwithyournewclassmates?*Howisyourworkgettingon?*getreadyfor为……做准备*Wearegettingreadyforthefinalexam.*getto到达=reach=arriveat/in*WhenwillyougettoBeijing?*getridof摆脱，除去*Weneedtogetridofbadhabits.*getdressed穿衣服*Shegetsdressedquicklyeverymorning.4.look类*lookforwardto期待（后接名词、代词或动名词）*I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.*lookup查阅（词典、资料）；向上看*Youcanlookupnewwordsinadictionary.*lookafter照顾，照料=takecareof*Whowilllookafterthebaby?*lookfor寻找*I'mlookingformylostkeys.*looklike看起来像*Shelookslikehermother.*lookout(for)小心，当心*Lookoutforsnakesinthegrass.5.put类*puton穿上（强调动作）；上演*Putonyoursweater,it'scoldoutside.*Theywillputonanewplaynextweek.*putoff推迟，延期*putaway把……收起来放好*Pleaseputawayyourtoysafterplaying.*putup张贴；举起；搭建*Putupyourhandsifyouhavequestions.*Weputupatentinthepark.6.go类*goon继续*Pleasegoonwithyourstory.*goover复习；仔细检查*Gooveryourlessonsbeforetheexam.*goout出去；（灯、火）熄灭*Theyoftengooutfordinneronweekends.*Thefirewentoutsuddenly.*gothrough经历；浏览*Shehasgonethroughalotofdifficulties.*Iwentthroughthenewspaperquickly.*Icameacrossanoldphotointhebox.8.turn类*turnon打开（电器等）*Pleaseturnonthelight.*turnoff关闭（电器等）*Don'tforgettoturnofftheTV.*turnup/down调大/调小（音量、温度等）*Turnuptheradio,please.Ican'thearit.*turnout结果是；证明是*Itturnedoutthathewasright.9.give类*giveup放弃（后接名词、代词或动名词）*Nevergiveupyourdreams.*Hegaveupsmokinglastyear.*giveaway赠送；泄露*Shegaveawaymanybookstothechildren.*Don'tgiveawaythesecret.*givein屈服，让步*Henevergivesintodifficulties.10.keep类*keepondoingsth.继续做某事*Keepontrying,andyouwillsucceed.*keepupwith跟上（某人、某事物的发展）*It'shardtokeepupwiththelatesttechnology.*keep...awayfrom使……远离*Keepchildrenawayfromfire.（二）介词短语介词短语在句中常作状语、定语或表语，表达时间、地点、方式、原因等。1.时间介词短语*inthemorning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上*onMonday;onJuly1st;onacoldmorning*atsixo'clock;atnoon;atnight;attheageof*in+年/月/季节:in2023;inMay;insummer*for+一段时间:forthreedays;foralongtime*duringtheholiday在假期期间*beforeclass课前*afterschool放学后*until/tillnow直到现在2.地点/方位介词短语*intheroom;inChina;inthetree(外来物在树上)*onthedesk;onthewall;onthetree(果实、叶子等在树上)*atthebusstop;athome;atthedoor*underthetable;belowthewindow*abovetheshelf;overthebridge*infrontof(外部的)前面;inthefrontof(内部的)前面*behindthedoor;nexttothepark;between...and...;amongthestudents*neartheriver;farfromthecity*ontheleft/right;atthecornerof3.方式/手段介词短语*bybus/bike/plane;bycar;onfoot*withapen;inEnglish;bydoingsth.*throughtheInternet;bymeansof4.其他常用介词短语*beinterestedin对……感兴趣*Iaminterestedinhistory.*begoodat擅长……*Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano.*befullof充满……*Thebottleisfullofwater.*beproudof为……感到骄傲*Weareproudofourcountry.*insteadof代替，而不是*I'llgoinsteadofyou.*becauseof因为(后接名词或名词性短语)*thanksto多亏了，由于*Thankstoyourhelp,Ifinishedtheworkontime.*accordingto根据*inorderto为了(后接动词原形，表示目的)*Hestudieshardinordertogetgoodgrades.*infact事实上，实际上*Infact,heisverykind.*atfirst起初，首先*Atfirst,Ididn'tunderstandtheproblem.*atlast最后，终于*inaddition另外，此外*IlikeEnglish.Inaddition,IalsolikeFrench.*ontime准时*Pleasearriveontime.*intime及时*Hearrivedintimetocatchthebus.（三）形容词短语*beangrywithsb.生某人的气*bebusywithsth./bebusydoingsth.忙于（做）某事*bedifferentfrom与……不同*befamiliarwith对……熟悉*befamousfor因……而著名*befriendlyto对……友好*begladtodosth.高兴做某事*bereadyfor为……做好准备*besorryfor为……感到抱歉/难过*bestrictwithsb.对某人要求严格*beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事(注意与usedtodosth.区分，后者表示“过去常常做某事”)（四）其他重要短语*alotof/lotsof许多，大量(后接可数或不可数名词)*assoonas一……就……*IwillcallyouassoonasIarrive.*as...aspossible尽可能……*both...and...两者都……*either...or...或者……或者……*neither...nor...既不……也不……*notonly...butalso...不但……而且……*so...that...如此……以至于……*too...to...太……而不能……*wou