黄金卷01 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷）（考试版）

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷）黄金卷01（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A．Pleased. B．Surprised. C．Grateful.2．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Doingsomeshopping. B．Sendingaletter. C．Askingtheway.3．Whatarethespeakers?A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Officials.4．Whereareprobablythespeakers?A．Inapetshop. B．Inarestaurant. C．Inagrocerystore.5．Whoisreading?A．Kate. B．John. C．Lily.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答6~7小题。6．Whatistheman?A．Adoctor. B．Asalesman. C．Achemist.7．Whatissaidaboutthemedicine?A．Ithassideeffects. B．Itmaycausediscomfort. C．Itshouldbetakenbeforemeals.听下面一段较长对话，回答8~9小题。8．WhatisthewomangoingtodoonSaturdayafternoon?A．Gotoafestival. B．Takeapart-timejob. C．Meetherfriends.9．Wherearethespeakersprobablynow?A．Inafactory. B．Inagrocery. C．Inasupermarket.听下面一段较长对话，回答10~12小题。10．Howlongdidthewomanworkinthetravelagency?A．Afewdays. B．Severalmonths. C．Oneyear.11．WhydidJoegotoCanada?A．Tofindajob. B．Tovisithisfriends. C．Tospendhisholidays.12．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．ThemanisleavingforCanada,too.B．NeitherofthemhasseenJoeforalongtime.C．ThemanhasbeenintouchwithJoe.听下面一段较长对话，回答13~16小题。13．Whatwillthemandofirst?A．Setthetable. B．TurnofftheTV. C．WaitforJimmy.14．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson. B．Teacherandstudent. C．Husbandandwife.15．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedinner?A．Delicious. B．Unhealthy. C．Unsatisfying.16．Whatwillthemandointheevening?A．Prepareameal. B．Gooutforawalk. C．Dohishomework.听下面一段独白，回答17~20小题。17．Whoisthespeakermostlikelytalkingto?A．Newemployees. B．Patients. C．Tourists.18．Whereisthehealthcenter?A．OnTyeRoad.B．Nexttoasmallgarden.C．Inthemainbuilding.19．Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheswimmingpool?A．It’sfreeofcharge.B．It’sopenalldaylong.C．It’sintheleisurecenter.20．WhydoesthespeakerrecommendJenny’sRestaurant?A．Itsavestime.B．Itsserviceisquitegood.C．Ithasgoodandcheapfood.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEuropeisoneofthebesttravellingoptionsforeveryone.It’srichinculture,andeverycountryisdistinctinbeauty.Plus,thecuisineisnottobemissed.HerearethebestfourEuropeancitiestotravelto!ViennaThecapitalofAustria,Vienna,isthelargestcityinthecountry,andit’salsoacultural,economicandpoliticalcenter.Itisknownasthecityofmusicandthecityofdreams,beinganimportantplaceforBeethovenandSigmundFreud.It’salsoconsideredoneofthecitiesintheworldwhichissuitableforlivingandwherethequalityoflifeishigh.BerlinBerlinisthecapitalofGermanyandistheplaceofculture,politics,mediaandscience.Itholdsastronghistory,andyoucanlearnmanythingsaboutthecity’scontributionstothewholeworld.TravellingtoBerlinisquiteeasy,giventhatit’sanaccessiblecityandyouhaveplentyofaffordableoptionssuchastrains,trams,busesandthemetro.CopenhagenCopenhagenisthecapitalcityofDenmarkandisknowntobeoneofthemostsustainablecitiesintheworld.It’sfullofMichelin-starredrestaurants,hasplentyofmuseumsandholdstheCopenhagenFashionWeek,whichisthelargestfashioneventinNorthernEurope.AmsterdamThecapitaloftheNetherlands,Amsterdam,isknownforthenumberofcanalsthatarepartoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Thesearealsothemainattractionofthecity,butthat’snotall.ThegoodthingaboutAmsterdamisthatyoucanvisititbybike,asithasoneofthebestnetworksofcycleroutesintheworld.21．WhichisnotareasonfortravelingtoEurope?A．Yummyfood. B．Naturalscenery. C．Adequateculture. D．Goodtransportation.22．Ifyouareafashionableicon,whichcitywillyouchoosetovisit?A．Vienna. B．Berlin. C．Copenhagen. D．Amsterdam.23．Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Viennawinsareputationforbeinglivable.B．Berlinislessinfluentialcomparedtoothers.C．Copenhagenismodernbutnoteco-friendly.D．TransportationcanbeanissueinAmsterdam.BLookingback,GeoffBanksofDevon,EnglandcanhardlyevenrememberhowhefirststartedwritingtohisAmericanfriend,CelestaByrne.GeoffandCelestaweregiveneachother'snamesandaddressesaspartofaschoolpenpalprogrambackin1938.They'rebothnow100yearsold,andalothaschangedinthepast84years:theiragechanged:theirappearancechanged;butonethinghasnot—theystillusethetraditionalwaytocontact.“Ihonestlystruggletoremembersomething,butIwastalkingtoCelestarecentlyandIthinkitwassomethingtodowithanAmericanschool'sscheme,Geoffsaid.”TheymatchedusupwithAmericansforapenpalrelationship,andsomehowIendedupwiththisletterfromanAmericangirl,andwe'vejustkeptcorresponding（通信）eversince."GeoffandCelesta'srelationshipneverturnedromantic,buttheysharedalotoverthedecades.TheykeptuptheircorrespondencethroughWorldWarII,sendingupdatesabouttheirfamilies,friends,andwork.In2002,theyfinallygotachancetomeetinpersonduringatriptoNewYorkCity.Twoyearslater,theymetupagain,buteversincethenthey'vegonebacktopenandpaper.Recently,they'veswitchedtodigitalformsofcommunicationtostayintouch,somethingthat'seasierhasbeeneasierontheireyesandhands.Theirchildrenhavehelpedthemsetupemailaccounts.“I'veknownthisnewthingcalledZoom,Ithink,nowtochatwithher,butIleaveallthetechnologytoyoungerpeople.Deepdown,IrefusetouseZoom.WritingtoCelestahasbeenasourceofgreatsatisfaction'formeovertheyears,”saidGeoff.Celestasaystheirrelationshipis“likepeoplewholivenextdoor”.“Youknowhowthey'redoing,yousayafewwords,andthenyoubothgotowork,”sheexplained.“She'salwaysbeentheretowriteto,evenifitwasjustbirthdaycardsandChristmascards,”Geoffadded.24．WhatdoGeoffandCelestainsistondoingoverthe80years?A．Enjoyingtellingjokes. B．Writingtoeachother.C．Creatingaprogram. D．Keepingasecret.25．WhatdoGeoffBanks'wordsinParagraph3tellus?A．Howtheygotintouch. B．Whytheylikedwriting.C．Whattheybothlikedtodo. D．Whentheyranascheme.26．WhatisGeoff'sattitudetowardsusingZoomtostayintouch?A．Supportive. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Disapproving.27．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceawaytomakefriends. B．Toteachusskillsofwritingletters.C．Totellusataleoflifelongfriends. D．Tostressthepoweroftechnology.CPeoplewerealreadyknowntoconsumemicroplasticsviafoodandwateraswellasbreathingthemin.Inanewstudy,scientistsanalyzedbloodsamplesfrom22healthydonatorsandfoundmicroplasticsin17.HalfthesamplescontainedPETplastic,whichiscommonlyusedindrinksbottles,whileathirdcontainedpolystyrene,whichisusedforpackagingfoodandotherproducts.Aquarterofthebloodsamplescontaincdpolyethylene,fromwhichplasticcarrierbagsaremade.“Previousworkhadshownthatmicroplasticswere10timeshigherinthefaeces(粪便)ofbabiescomparedwithadultsandthatbabiesfedwithplasticbottlesareswallowingmillionsofmicroplasticparticles(微粒)aday.Wealsoknowingeneralthatbabiesaremoresensitivetochemicalandparticleexposure,”saidProfDickVethaak,ascientistatVrijeUniversiteitAmsterdam.“Thatworriesmealot.”Thenewresearchadaptedexistingtechniquestodetectandanalyzeparticlesassmallas0.0007mm.Someofthebloodsamplescontainedtwoorthreetypesofplastic.Theteamusedsteelsyrıngeneedlesandglasstubestoavoidpollutionandtestedforbackgroundlevelsofmicroplasticsusingblanksamples.Vethaakacknowledgedthattheamountandtypeofplasticvariedconsiderablybetweenthebloodsamples.“Butthisisapioneeringstudy,”hesaid,withmoreworknownecded.Hesaidthedifferencesmightreflectshort-termexposurebeforethebloodsamplesweretaken,suchasdrinkingfromaplastic-linedcoffeecuporwearingaplasticfacemask.Arecentstudyfoundthatmicroplasticscanattachtotheoutermembranes(膜)ofredbloodcellsandmaylimittheirabilitytotransportoxygen.Theparticleshavealsobeenfoundintheplacentasofpregnantwomen.“Arctheparticlespreservedinthebody?Aretheytransportedtocertainorgans?Andaretheselevelssufficientlyhightocausedisease?”Vethaaksaid.“Moredetailedresearchonhowmicroplasticsaffectthestructuresandprocessesofthehumanbody,andwhetherandhowtheycantransformcellsandhowtheymaycausecancer,isurgentlyneeded.Theproblemisbecomingmoreurgenteachday,”Vethaakadded.28．WhatdoesthenewstudyinParagraphIshow?A．Microplasticpollutionisharmfultohumanhealth.B．Microplasticshavebeendetectedinhumanblood.C．Drinksbottlescontainmoremicroplasticsthanplasticcarrierbags.D．Foodpackagıngisthemainsourceofmicroplasticsinthehumanbody.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph2referto?A．Themassproductionofplasticbottles.B．Theimpactofmicroplasticsonbabies.C．Theundevelopeddigestivesystemofbabies.D．Theincreasingamountofchemicalsinfood.30．Whatmightcausemicroplasticstovarybetweenbloodsamples?A．Diversesamplingtime.B．Pollutionofbloodsamples.C．Differentphysicalconditionsofdonators.D．Short-termexposuretoplasticsbeforesampling.31．Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．StudiesofPlasticProducts.B．TheExpectationofMicroplastics.C．PioneeringStudiesofMicroplasticParticles.D．StudiesofMicroplasticsintoHumanBody.DAfterlosinganimportantdealinIndia,abusinessnegotiatorlearnedthathercounterpart(对方)feltasifshehadbeenrushingthroughthetalks.Thebusinessnegotiatorthoughtshewasbeingefficientwiththeirtime.Theircultureshavedifferentviewsonhowtoconductnegotiations,andinthiscase,thebarrierpreventedasuccessfuloutcome.Researchshowsthatdeal-makingacrossculturestendstoleadtoworseoutcomesascomparedwithnegotiationsconductedwithinthesameculture.Asweknow,culturesarecharacterizedbydifferentbehaviors,communicationstylesandnorms(准则).Consequently,whennegotiatingacrosscultures,webringdifferentviewstothebargainingtable,whichinturnmayresultinpotentialmisunderstandingsthatcanleadtoalowerlikelihoodofdiscoveringvalue-creatingsolutions.Culturalconflictinnegotiationsislinkedwiththefactthatwe,atmosttimes,interpretothers’behaviors,values,andbeliefsthroughthelens(透镜)ofourownculture.Toovercomethis,itisimportanttorescarchthecustomsandbehaviorsofdifferentculturesaswellasunderstandwhypeoplefollowthesecustomsandexhibitthesebehaviorsinthefirstplace.Justasimportant,notonlydocountrieshaveuniquecultures,butteamsandorganizationsdotoo.Beforepartakinginanynegotiation,takethetimetostudythecontextandthepersonontheothersideofthebargainingtable,includingthevariousculturestowhichhebelongs,whetherthecultureofhisculture,thecultureofengineering,orhisparticularcompany’scorporateculture.Themoreyouknowabouttheclient,thebetteroffyou’lldoinanynegotiation.Therefore,weseethenegotiatorhaslearnedherIndiancounterpartwouldhaveappreciatedaslowerpacewithmoreopportunitiesforrelationshipbuilding.Sheseemstohaverunintotheissue:UsingtimeefficientlyinthecourseofnegotiationsisgenerallyvaluedintheUnitedStates,butinIndia,there’softenagreaterfocusonbuildingrelationshipsearlyintheprocess.Bydoingresearchontheclients’cultures,theycanadjusttheirnegotiationmethodandgivethemselvesabetterchanceofcreatingavaluablenegotiationexperienceforboththemselvesandtheircounterpart.32．Whatresultedinthebusinesswoman’sfailureinhernegotiationinIndia?A．Herslowworkstyle. B．Theirpersonalconflictsofinterests.C．Herpoorcommunicationcapacity. D．Thedifferencesbetweentheircultures.33．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theanalysesaboutthefindingsoftheresearch. B．Thedeepreasonsforfailedcross-culturenegotiations.C．Thecommonmisunderstandingsinnegotiations. D．Thecausesofconflictsbetweennegotiators’views.34．WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttosayinParagraph4?A．Rescearchisnecessarybeforenegotiating.B．Peopleshouldrespectculturaldifferences.C．Meetingculturaldifferencesisfairlycommon.D．Cross-cultureconflictsresultfromignorance.35．Whatisthefunctionofthelastparagraph?A．Tocomeupwithanewconclusion. B．Torecommendanegotiationmethod.C．Tosummarizetheaboveparagraphs. D．Tosharedifferentopinionsontheexample.第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A2021reportfromHabitatforHumanityInternationalfoundthatSDG11.1wasactuallyregressing.Weareseeingstagnationinsteadofprogresstowardthegoal.Governmentsmustprioritizeadequatehousing,especiallyforthosestrugglingtosurviveintoday’sovercrowdedsettlements.36Herearethreestepsthatgovernments—andleadersinboththepublicandprivatesectors—cantaketoalleviatethisgrowinghousingcrisis:1.Prioritizelandtenure(占有)securityEnsureresidentsofinformalsettlementshavesecurerightstothelandtheyinhabit.ThishasalreadyhappenedonalargescaleincountriessuchasHonduras,wherecivilsocietyorganizationsandgovernmentscametogethertoformdiversecommissionsthatdevelopedpolicyrecommendationsaroundhousingandland,negotiatingapprovaloftherecommendationsandthenmonitoringtheirimplementation.37.2.38ForresidentsofFreetown’sinformalsettlementsandcountlessothercities,traditionalavenuesofhousingfinancearesimplynotaccessible.39Theyexhibitsimilarcharacteristicstotraditionalmortgageloans,buttheirsmallersizehelpsmakethemmoreaccessibletofamilieswithlowerincomes.3.Strengthenclimate-resilienthousing40.Thepublicandprivatesectorscanworktogethertosupportandinvestincommunitystart-upsspecializinginlow-cost,climate-resilienthomesandlocallysourcedbuildingmaterials.Forexample,anNGObasedinSierraLeone,HomeLeone,hasoverthepast5yearsbeendevelopingaffordablehousingutilizinglow-costconstructiontechniques,andprovidingfacilitiestomeetthebasicneedsofcommunitiesandanintegratedapproachtohousingdevelopmentforlow-incomecommunities.Wemustactnowtopaveastrongerfoundationforthemorethan10billionpeopleexpectedtoinhabitourcitiesby2050.Thisstartswiththeurgentimprovementofhousinginrapidlyexpandinginformalsettlementsworldwide.Thislong-overdueinvestmentwillmorethanpayforitselfbybuildingmoreprosperousandequitablecommunitiesforgenerationstocome.A．ExpandfinanceforhousingB．RevolutionizemortgageloansC．InformalsettlementsarehighlyvulnerabletotheimpactsofclimatechangeD．Thatmeansincreasingfinancialcommitmentsbyanorderofmagnitudeandmakingmeaningfulpolicychanges.E．Butthesituationhaschangedalot.F．Throughtheirtechnicalassistance,morethan1millionpeoplehaveimprovedaccesstotheirlandrightsG．Microloansofferhopebyprovidingindividualswiththemeanstoaccesscapitalforhousingimprovementsandupgrades.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Areallofyourplaymatescrazyaboutfootballintheirsparetime?Ifso,howmuchdoyouknowaboutfootball?Footballis,Isuppose,themostpopulargameinEngland.Butonehadonlytogotooneoftheimportant41toseehowmuchtheyknowaboutfootball.Onecanseekindsofpeoplethere,shoutingand42foronesideortheother.Oneofthemost43thingaboutfootballinEnglandtoastrangeristhe44knowledgeofthegamewhicheventhe45seemstohave.Hecantellyouthenamesoftheplayersin46oftheimportantteams.He47photosofthemandknowstheresultoflargenumbersofmatches.Hewilltellyou48heexpectswillwinsuchandsuchamatch,49hisopinionisusuallyas50asthatofmenthreeorfourtimeshis51.AllthesefactsprovethattheBritisharereallycrazyaboutfootball.Footballplayersaretrainedatschool,whichalsoprovidesthefanswithchancestolearnaboutthespecialgame.MostschoolsinEnglandtake52seriously-muchmoreseriouslythannearlyalltheschoolsinothercountries,53lessonsareallimportantandgamesareleftforone’sownarrangements(安排).InEngland,itisbelievedthat54isnotonlyamatteroffillingaboy’smindwithfactsinthe55;italsomeanscharactertraining;andoneofthe56waysoftrainingcharacterisbymeansofgames57teamgames,wheretheboyhastolearnto58withothersforhisteam,insteadofworkingjustforhimselfalone.Theschoolthereforearrangesgamesandmatchesforits59.Footballisagoodteamgameanditisgoodexercisefor60.41．A．stadiums B．matches C．sports D．sportsmeets42．A．fighting B．jumping C．laughing D．cheering43．A．exciting B．pleasant C．surprising D．disappointing44．A．great B．interesting C．limited D．useless45．A．smallestboy B．oldestman C．shortestchild D．moststupidchild46．A．none B．each C．few D．most47．A．owns B．takes C．accepts D．gains48．A．why B．which C．who D．whom49．A．but B．and C．however D．because50．A．same B．useless C．many D．valuable51．A．experience B．height C．age D．size52．A．matches B．football C．education D．pupils53．A．where B．there C．their D．because54．A．learning B．education C．atextbook D．physicaleducation55．A．school B．lab C．library D．classroom56．A．quickest B．cheapest C．best D．fastest57．A．especially B．usually C．seldom D．hardly58．A．fight B．struggle C．work D．study59．A．teachers B．pupils C．players D．team60．A．eyesight B．head C．foot D．Body第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheartistsofDafencanpaintlikeVanGoghThevillageofDafenwasoncethought61(produce)themostoilpaintingsintheworldeveryyear.62(recognize)asthe”world’sartfactory“,Dafenimpressedvisitorswithitsmanyworkshops,inwhichpainterscreatedmockmasterpiecesbyVanGogh,MonetandWarhol.Butthevillagewasalwaysseenmoreasaproductionline63aplaceofculture.TodaythefutureofDafenmaydependon64itisabletoearnrespectoftheartworld.ThingsstartedtochangeforDafenin2008,65theglobalfinancialcrisiscutdownoverseasorders.Withmoredemand66(come)fromdomesticmarket,artistsbeganpaintingdifferentsubjects.NewcustomerspreferredChinesestyles,says67painterinDafen.HelearnttheartofShanShuiwhichinvolvesrepresentingnaturallandscapes.Insomeway