黄金卷02 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷）（解析版）

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷）黄金卷02（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatisthemandoing?A．Repairinghislaptop. B．Tryingoneanewjacket. C．Undergoingasecuritycheck【答案】C【原文】W:Doyouhavealaptoportabletinyourbackpack?M:Yes,Ido.W:Pleasetakethemoutandputtheminthecontainer.Pleaseremoveyourjacketandputitinaswell.Thenwalkthroughthemetaldetectornow.2．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Wheretogo. B．Whatmovietosee. C．Whentomeet.【答案】C【原文】M:Let’smeetat7:30p.m.outsidethecinema.W:Ithinkweshouldgothereearlier.M:Therearesomeadvertisementsbeforethemoviestarts,so7:30p.m.isagoodtime.3．WhathappenedtoLarrylastnight?A．Hecouldn’tfindhishotel.B．Hefellintowater.C．Hewascaughtintherain.【答案】B【原文】M:IsawLarrylastnight.Hewaslookingverywet.W:Butitwasn’traininglastnight.M:Well,hehadn’tseenthehotelswimmingpoolandhadfalleninwithhisclotheson.4．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．It’sapityforJacktoquithisjob.B．It’scoolforamantobeamechanic.C．Itisacceptableforamantobeanurse.【答案】C【原文】W:Ryan,haveyouheardJackisnowbackincollegetostudynursing?M:Nursing?That’sawoman’sjob!Irememberheworkedatacarrepairshop,didn’the?W:Yes.Butamancanbeanurse,andtheycandothejobjustaswellasanybodyelse.5．Whichphotocopierdoesthemanwanttobuy?A．TheX40. B．TheBT100. C．TheRX200.【答案】C【原文】M:Hey,thisphotocopierlooksnice,theX40.W:Hmm.Abitexpensive.TheRX200looksfast.Itdoes25copiesaminute.M:SodoestheBT100.Andit’scheaperandsmaller.Let’sgetthisone.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答6~7小题。6．Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmathnow?A．Interested. B．Anxious. C．Unconcerned.7．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Asubject. B．Astudent. C．Ateacher.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】M:Whoisthecreativepersonthatyouadmire?W:Well,Mr.Brown.Heisanextremelycreativemathteacher.M:Sowhydoyouadmirehim?W:IusedtohatemathsomuchbeforeIhadMr.Brown’slessons.NowIfindmathquiteattractive.M:That’sgreat.Doesanyoneyouknowadmirehim?W:Certainly.Allmyclassmatesjustloveandrespecthimforhiscreativeteaching.M:Doyouthinkcreativitycanbelearnedandpracticed?W:Definitely.Creativity,likeanyotherqualities,canbetrained.听下面一段较长对话，回答8~9小题。8．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Thewoman’stravel. B．Thewoman’sfriends. C．Thewoman’shobby.9．Whatdidthefarmersinvitethewomantodo?A．Tastefood. B．Drinktea. C．Lightafire.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】M:Goodmorning,Sue!Howisyourholiday?Didyouenjoyit?W:Yes,Ihadagreattime.IwenttoInnerMongoliawithsomeofmyfriends.WewentmountainclimbingnearBaotou,andwestayedinatentatnightandcookedmealsoveranopenfire.M:Soundscool!Didyoulikethepeoplethere?W:Yes,theywerenice.Wemetsomefarmersandtheyinvitedustohaveteaintheirhouse.M:Whataninterestingexperience!听下面一段较长对话，回答10~12小题。10．HowdoesMartinfindtheatmosphereoftheartstudio?A．Friendly. B．Inspiring. C．Stressful.11．WhatdoesSarahneedtodo?A．Meetnewpeople. B．Developnewskills. C．Findawaytorelax.12．Whoteachesthebeginners’class?A．Ms.Thompson. B．Ms.Brown. C．Ms.Johnson.【答案】10．B11．C12．A【原文】W:Martin,doyoustillattendpaintingclassesattheartstudiodowntown,nexttoMs.Brown’slittlecafé?M:Ido,Marta.Iloveit.Theatmospheretherewillliftupspirits.Thelargewindows,naturallightandthesmellofcoffee.W:You’vebeencreatingbeautifulartwork,andSarah’slookingforsomethingcreativetodo.She’sstressedandneedssomethingtohelpherrelax.M:Oh.Icouldrecommendonce-a-weekbeginners’classtodevelopherskills.Theinstructor,Ms.Thompson,isreallypatientandunderstanding.Hersister-in-law,Ms.Johnson,teachessculptureinthesamebuilding.Theirclassesareverysociable.W:Thatsoundsperfect.听下面一段较长对话，回答13~16小题。13．Whenandwheredoestherealityshowstart?A．At7:00onchannel2. B．At7:00onchannel5. C．At9:00onchannel2.14．Whydoesn’tthemanwanttowatchthehomeimprovementshow?A．Hewantstogotobed.B．Hehatesfixingthings.C．Hewatcheditmanytimes.15．Whatdothetwospeakersdecidetowatch?A．ATVplay. B．Arealityshow. C．Asportsevent.16．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Husbandandwife. B．Fatheranddaughter. C．Brotherandsister.【答案】13．B14．B15．C16．A【原文】M:So,whatdoYouwanttowatchonTVtonight?W:Well,hmm.Thereisarealityshowonat7:00onchannel5.M:No,youknowdon’tlikerealityshows.Imean,theyusuallyshowpeopledoingcrazythingslikeyouknow，eatinglivefishorswimminginapoolfullofsnakes.I’mnotinterestedinthat.W:well,then.Ah,here’ssomething.DoyouwanttowatchStarWars?M:NO,I’veseenitmanytimes.I’dliketoseesomethingdifferent.W:Okay,let’sseehere.Oh,howaboutthis?Onchannel2at9:00,there’sahomeimprovementshowaboutfixinganythingaroundthehouse.Wedohaveafewthingsthatyoucouldrepairinthebathroom...M:Fixingthings?Uh,I’mtired.I’dbettergotobed.W:Okay.Toobad,though.There’sabasketballgameonrightnow,butIguessyoucancatchthescoreintomorrow’snewspaper.M:Oh,okay.I’llstayupandkeepyoucompanywhileyou...Imean,WEwatchthegame.W:Ithoughtyou’dchangeyourmind.I’llgetthepopcorn.听下面一段独白，回答17~20小题。17．WhatdoesCyberEditaimtodo?A．Supplyfundingforbusinessmen.B．Offerstudentscomputereditingservices.C．EditdocumentsforWiredmagazine.18．Howmanyemployeesdidthespeakerhireatfirst?A．Four. B．Five. C．Ten.19．WhydidsomeinvestorsinvestmoneyinCyberEdit?A．Itgotgoodpublicity.B．Itpromisedbigreturns.C．Itemployed50students.20．Whenisthebesttimeforpeopletodevelopabusiness?A．Whentheyhavetheidea.B．Aftertheygraduatefromcollege.C．Aftertheyhaverichsocialexperience.【答案】17．B18．A19．A20．A【原文】M:Istartedmyowncompany,CyberEdit,whenIwasafreshman.Moststudentshavetowriteessays,andIaimedtoprovidecomputereditingservicesforthem.Duringonesummervacation,IworkedforanInternetcompanyandintheevening,Ispentanotherfourhoursworkingonmywebsite.It’snoteasytodevelopabusiness.Ifyouhopetobefinanciallyindependent,youmustdosomethingwhileyouareyoungandyoucanworklonghours.Foralongtime,Iwaseditingnearlytendocumentsanight.Ispentfiftyhoursaweekdoingthis.Itwashard.ThenIhiredmyfirstfouremployees,andInevereditedasingledocumentagain.Thenextyear,IturneddownmysummerjobatabiginvestmentbankandspentthevacationexpandingCyberEdit.InDecember,Wiredmagazinecontactedmeandaskedmetowriteanarticleaboutmylife.AfterthearticleappearedinMarch,interestedinvestorsbegantocontactme.InJune,oneofthemdecidedtoinvestalargesumofmoneyinthecompany.SotheWiredarticlebroughtmeoveramilliondollarsinfunding!Morethananythingelse,goodpublicityhelpsanewbusinessattractinvestorsandcustomers.Investorscametome,notbecauseIwasmakingmoneyandemployingfiftycollegestudents,butbecausetheyreadaboutitinWiredmagazine,andsawitonABCWorldNewsTonight.Myadvicetoyoungpeoplewhoconsiderstartingacompanyis:Doitnow!Don’tdelaystartingituntilyou’vefinishedschoolorhadsome“real-worldexperience”.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Ifyousuddenlyfindyourselfworkingfromhomeoranotherremotelocation,you’regoingtomissthoseinteractionswithotherpeople.Videoconferencingcanhelpbyallowingyoutotalkface-to-face,evenifitisviaascreen.Jitsiisoneofthosefreevideoconferencingappsyoucanusetoconnect.Jitsiisasetofopen-sourceprojectsthatallowsyoutoeasilybuildanddeploysecurevideoconferencingsolutions.AttheheartofJitsiareJitsiVideobridgeandJitsiMeet,whichletyouhaveconferencesontheinternet,whileotherprojectsinthecommunityenableotherfeaturessuchasaudio,dial-in,recording,andsimulcasting.Jitsistartedlifeasawaytotalktopeopleovertheinternetusingaudioandvideo.Overthecourseofadecade,though,it’sbecomesomuchmore.Today,Jisiis:Avibrantdevelopercommunity.Firstandforemost,Jitsiisacommunityofdevelopersthatarepushingtheenvelopeofvideoconferencingqualityontheweb.Thefoundationofsomereallyamazingproducts.ThecommunitymembershavedevelopedcountlessprojectsandproductsthatstartedwithJitsicode.Acrazygood,completelyfreevideoconferencingsolutionthatanyonecanuse.Jitsiisafavoritevideoconferencingsolutionforanyonewithprivacyconcerns,journalists,forexample.There’sareasonsomanypeopleuseJitsiMeetasaSkypealternativeforvideoconferencing.Unlikeothervideoconferencingtechnologies,JitsiVideobridge,theheartofJitsi,passeseveryone’svideoandaudiotoallparticipants,ratherthanmixingthemfirst.Currently,Jitsisupportsamaximumofupto75participantspercall,althoughperformancemaysufferwithmorethan35.Theprojectisworkingon“goingbeyond100”participantsatonce.Theservicesupportsphoneinaudioparticipantsinboththehostedandself-hostedversions.TheservicesupportsscreensharingandhasmobileappsforiPhoneandAndroid.NowJitsihassurpassed10millionmonthlyaverageusers.TherearenoextrapaymentstoJitsi,andtheprojectremainsfreethanksto8x8(acompany),whichusesthetechnologyinitsownproducts.21．ThecentralservicesofJitsiliein________.A．asetofopen-sourceprojects B．JitsiVideobridgeandJitsiMeetC．freefeatureslikeaudioanddial-in D．world’sbestvideoconferences22．Fromthepassage,weknow________.A．JitsisupportsscreensharinginthehostedversionB．Jitsiworkson100participantsatmostrightnowC．JitsihelpswiththeprivacyprobleminvideoconferencingD．Jitsimixeseveryone’svideoandaudiotoallparticipants23．Jitsiisacompletelyfreeappbecause________.A．usershavelimitedaccesstoJitsiB．onlypaidappscanensureusers’privacyC．ithassurpassed10millionmonthlyaverageusersD．8x8usesthetechnologyinitsownproducts【答案】21．B22．C23．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一款免费的视频会议app——Jitsi。细节理解题。根据第二段中“AttheheartofJitsiareJitsiVideobridgeandJitsiMeet,whichletyouhaveconferencesontheinternet,whileotherprojectsinthecommunityenableotherfeaturessuchasaudio,dial-in,recording,andsimulcasting.(Jitsi的核心是JitsiVideobridge和JitsiMeet，它们可以让你在互联网上举行会议，而社区中的其他项目可以实现其他功能，如音频、拨入、录制和同步广播)”可知，Jitsi这一App的核心服务是由JitsiVideobridge和JitsiMeet两部分提供的。故选B。细节理解题。根据“Acrazygood,completelyfreevideoconferencingsolutionthatanyonecanuse”部分的第一句“Jitsiisafavoritevideoconferencingsolutionforanyonewithprivacyconcerns,journalists,forexample.(对于任何有隐私方面担忧的人们来说，Jitsi是它们最喜欢的视频会议解决方案)”可知，Jitsi在保护用户隐私方面是做得比较到位的，与C选项描述相符。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“TherearenoextrapaymentstoJitsi,andtheprojectremainsfreethanksto8x8(acompany),whichusesthetechnologyinitsownproducts.(Jitsi不需要额外付费，该项目能保持免费多亏了8x8公司在自己的产品中使用了这项技术)”可知，使用Jitsi完全免费是因为8x8公司在自己的产品上使用了技术。故选D。BHehurriedaroundtheroom,touchingeverythinghecouldreach.Ifollowed,attemptingtointercept(拦截)himbeforehereachedthehallway.Heapproachedthefrontdeskandknockedoverallthepapersonthetable.Iassistedhimfirmlyincollectingthem.Isensedeyeswatchingme,judgingmyparentingskills.Ishouldhaverealisedthatarrivingsoearlywouldnothavebeenwise.Itwasmymistaketoarriveearly,asthelongwaitwasdifficultformychild.Ikeptsearchingmybagandfoundaball,whichfinallyattractedhim.Acouplewaitedfortheirchild.Theystaredatmeandmyson,andIheardthewords“outofcontrol”.Icouldfeelmyfaceflushred.Iwantedtotellthemthatmysonhasadisabilityandthathe’snotbeingbad;he’sjusthavingtroublewaiting.Isatdownandwatchedhimplaywiththeball,andItriedmybestnottocry.Theinstructorcalledthegrouptogether,andmysonwentofftoplaysportswiththeotherfive-year-olds.Iprayedthatthistimehewouldfollowtherules.Iclosedmyeyesandwishedhimtobeokay.“He’llbefine.”Iopenedmyeyesandlookedbesideme.“He’lldogreat.Youaredoinggreat.Youareagreatmom.Icanseeitinallthatyoudoforhim,”aladysatonmyrightsaid.Shetoldmeaboutherbrotherandherparentsandallthathermomdidforherbrotherovertheyears.Shetoldmeabouthowheturnedoutgreat,gotajobandlivesonhisownnow.Wesatandtalked,andIfeltthetensionleavemybody.BeforeIknewit,thedoorsopened,andallthekidsranout,includingmyown,filledwithexcitementandpride.“Ididit!”heexclaimed.Ipickedhimup.Iturnedtothankthelady,butshewasgone.24．Whatmightothersinthewaitingroomexpecttheauthortodo?A．Apologizetothem. B．Makeherchildbehave.C．Getoutoftheroom. D．Takehersontothedoctor’s.25．Whatmightcontributetothebehavioroftheauthor’sson?A．Hisowntemper. B．Hismother’slove.C．Aphysicaldisability. D．Difficultyinwaiting.26．Whatmightmakethelady’swordsconvincingtotheauthor?A．Hersincereattitude. B．Herfamily’sexperience.C．Herbrother’ssuffering. D．Hersympathyfortheauthor.27．Whatdidtheauthorwanttoshowthroughthestory?A．Trueandkindwordscanchangetheworld.B．Itisdifficultforachildtobehavehimself.C．Bemorepatienttoachildwithdisability.D．Wrongwordswillmaketheworldworse.【答案】24．B25．D26．B27．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者作为一名有残疾的儿子的母亲，虽然因为儿子一些“反常”的举动遭受到了别人的不理解，但是也从一位陌生的妈妈身上得到了理解和释然。推理判断题。第一段提到“Hehurriedaroundtheroom,touchingeverythinghecouldreach.

Ifollowed,attemptingtointercept(拦截)himbeforehereachedthehallway.

Heapproachedthefrontdeskandknockedoverallthepapersonthetable.”（他在房间里跑来跑去，摸遍了他能摸到的一切东西。我跟在后面，试图在他到达走廊之前拦住他。他走到前台，打翻了桌上所有的文件。）以及最后一句“Isensedeyeswatchingme,judgingmyparentingskills.”（我感觉到有眼睛盯着我，评判这我的育儿技能。）作者的儿子在房间里不懂规矩，来回跑动，并且破坏了房间的整洁，其他的人则似乎在评价作者的育儿方式，且第二段提到“Theystaredatmeandmyson.

andIheardthewords“outofcontrol”.”（他们盯着我和我儿子。我听到了“失控”这个词）由此判断，在等候间的其他人希望作者能够管好她的儿子，让他规规矩矩的。故选B。细节理解题。第二段最后两句提到“Iwantedtotellthemthatmysonhasadisabilityandthathe’snotbeingbad;he’sjusthavingtroublewaiting.”（我想告诉他们我的儿子有残疾，他本性并不坏，他只是等不了那么久）可知，作者儿子的行为是由于他的残疾无法等待导致的。故选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Shetoldmeaboutherbrotherandherparentsandallthathermomdidforherbrotherovertheyears.”（她告诉我关于她哥哥和她父母的事，以及她妈妈这些年为她哥哥所做的一切。）和“Wesatandtalked,andIfeltthetensionleavemybody.”（我们坐下来聊天，我感到身体的紧张感消失了。）可知，坐在作者旁边的女士给作者讲述了自己家人的经历之后，作者原本紧张的心才放松了下来。故选B。27．推理判断题。文章第一、二段介绍了作者儿子因为身体残疾在等候室表现的不那么好而遭到了周围人的不理解，第四、五段讲到一位陌生的女士对作者讲述了自己家人的亲身经历并鼓励作者后，作者紧张的心才放松下来，而也是这样轻松的心态也能感染到作者的儿子，作者的儿子也在课上表现的很好。由此判断，作者通过这个故事告诉读者，真实和蔼的话语也能改变世界。故选A。CSwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconductacomprehensivesurveyofEarth’svitalresource.Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradartechnologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandriversinhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It’sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyallwaterontheplanet’ssurface.Themajormissionistoexplorehowoceanshelptominimizeclimatechangebyabsorbingatmosphericheatandcarbondioxideinanaturalprocess.Oceansareestimatedtohaveabsorbedmorethan90%oftheextraheattrappedintheEarth’satmospherebyhuman-causedgreenhousegases.Swotwillscantheseasfromtheorbitandpreciselymeasurefinedifferencesinsurfaceelevations(高度)aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies(漩涡),wheremuchoftheoceans’decreaseofheatandcarbonisbelievedtooccur.“Studyingthemechanismwillhelpclimatescientistsanswerakeyquestion:Whatistheturningpointatwhichoceansstartreleasing,ratherthanabsorbing,hugeamountsofheatbackintotheatmosphereandspeedupglobalwarming,ratherthanlimitingit,”saidNadyaShiffer,Swot’sprogramscientist.Bycomparison,earlierstudiesofwaterbodiesreliedondataofriversoroceanstakenatspecificpoints,orfromsatellitesthatcanonlytrackmeasurementsalongaone-dimensionalline,requiringscientiststofillindatagapsthroughextrapolation(外推法).Thankstotheradarinstrument,SwotcanscanthroughcloudcoveranddarknessoverwiderangesoftheEarth.Thisenablesscientiststoaccuratelymaptheirobservationsintwodimensionsregardlessofweatherortimeofdayandtocoverlargegeographicareasfarmorequicklythanwaspreviouslypossible.“Ratherthangivingusalineofelevations,it’sgivingusamapofelevations,andthat’sjustatotalgamechanger,”saidTamlinPavelsky,Swotfreshwaterscienceleader.28．WhatmakesitpossibleforSwottomeasureprecisely?A．Advancedradartechnology. B．Thehigh-definitioncomputer.C．Thethree-dimensionalimage. D．Anaccuratemapofelevations.29．WhatisthemajormissionofSwot?A．Toexploretheinfluencesofgreenhousegases.B．Totackletheconsequenceofglobalwarming.C．Tostudythemechanismofoceansinfluencingclimate.D．ToidentifythecausesofwaterabsorbingheatandCO2.30．WhatisTamlin’sattitudetowardsSwot’sperformance?A．Objective. B．Vague. C．Uninterested. D．Approving.31．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．ASolutiontoClimateChange B．FirstGlobalWaterSurveyfromSpaceC．ABreakthroughinSpaceTravel D．TheSuccessfulLaunchofSwotSatellite【答案】28．A29．C30．D31．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章报道了名为Swot的卫星将于周四上午被送入太空，它通过先进的微波雷达技术将全面绘制地球上的水域地图，帮助科学家了解海洋如何帮助阻止气候变化。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thankstotheradarinstrument,SwotcanscanthroughcloudcoveranddarknessoverwiderangesoftheEarth.Thisenablesscientiststoaccuratelymaptheirobservationsintwodimensionsregardlessofweatherortimeofdayandtocoverlargegeographicareasfarmorequicklythanwaspreviouslypossible.(多亏了雷达仪器，Swot可以在地球的大范围内扫描云层和黑暗。这使得科学家能够精确地绘制二维地图，无论天气如何，无论何时，覆盖大面积地理区域的速度比以前快得多)”可知，先进的雷达技术使得Swot能够精确测量。故选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Themajormissionistoexplorehowoceanshelptominimizeclimatechangebyabsorbingatmosphericheatandcarbondioxideinanaturalprocess.(其主要任务是探索海洋如何通过自然过程吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候变化)”可知，Swot卫星的主要任务是研究海洋如何影响气候变化。故选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Ratherthangivingusalineofelevations,it’sgivingusamapofelevations,andthat’sjustatotalgamechanger,’saidTamlinPavelsky,Swotfreshwaterscienceleader.(Swot淡水科学负责人TamlinPavelsky说：‘它不是给我们一条海拔线，而是给我们一张海拔地图，这完全改变了游戏规则。’)”可推知，Tamlin对于Swot的表现很赞成，故选D。31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“SwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconductacomprehensivesurveyofEarth’svitalresource.Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradartechnologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandriversinhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It’sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyallwaterontheplanet’ssurface.(Swot卫星计划于周四上午发射，对地球的重要资源进行全面调查。通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这真的是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水)”可知，文章报道了计划于周四上午发射的Swot卫星，通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这是第一次从太空观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。由此可知，B项“第一次从太空进行的全球水资源调查”是文章最佳标题。故选B。DEverybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncandisappearifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforbeinglazy,youmightevenbeshockedandangry.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不满).ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys(僧帽猴).Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetoken(代币)forfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutneighboringrooms,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecameobviouslydifferent.Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereitherthrewherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoleadtoresentment(抱怨)inafemalecapuchin.Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation(义愤感),itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritoriginatesfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.32．Inthefirstparagraph,howdoestheauthorintroducehistopic?A．Byposingaquestion. B．Byexplaininganassumption.C．Byexplainingadefinition. D．Bymakingacomparison.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedstatement“itisalltoomonkey”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Dislikingunfairnessisalsomonkeys’nature.B．Monkeyshaveareputationforlaziness.C．Monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachother.D．Noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions.34．Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys________.A．prefergrapestocucumbersB．willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheatedC．canbetaughttoexchangethingsD．areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers35．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Animalscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.B．Animalsseldomshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.C．Humanangerevolvedfromanuncertainsource.D．Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild.【答案】32．D33．A34．B35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的SarahBrosnan和FransdeWaal对猴子个性进行的一项研究。推理判断题。从文章第一段“Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncandisappearifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforbeinglazy,youmightevenbeshockedandangry.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不满).(人人都喜欢大幅加薪。然而，如果你得知一位同事得到了更大的奖励，你自己的快乐就会消失。事实上，如果他有懒惰的名声，你甚至可能会感到震惊和愤怒。这种行为被认为是“人之常情”，认为其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的悲愤意识。)”可知，在第一段中，作者通过对比介绍了其主题。故选D。词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不满).(这种行为被认为是“人之常情”，认为其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的悲愤意识。)”和“aswell(也)”可知，SarahBrosnan和FransdeWaal进行的研究则表明猴子同样会“因为不公平而不愤怒”，故划线部分的意思是“怨恨不公平也是猴子的天性”，故选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段“Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.(只有当每只动物都觉得自己没有被欺骗时，这种合作才可能稳定。)”可知，Brosnan和deWaal博士最终在他们的研究中发现猴子如果感到被欺骗，就不会合作，故选B。35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritoriginatesfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.(然而，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上独立进化而来，还是起源于3500万年前这两个物种的共同祖先，至今仍是一个没有答案的问题。)”可推断，人类的愤怒源自一个不确定的来源。故选C。第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Digitaltechnologiesaretakinguptoomuchofourtimeandattention.Manyofuswillspendasignificantpartofourlivesstaringatscreens,missingoutonsatisfyingrelationshipsandfeelingmoreemotionalpain.Formanyyears,we’vebeentaughtthatthesolutiontothispotentialharmissomeformofdigitaldetox(脱瘾),whichmainlyshowsuswhatnottodoafterourdigitaladdiction.36Trythefollowingthreestepstoachievebalanceinyourandyourfamily’sdigitallife:DetermineyourproblemtimesIdentifythetimesandsituationswhenbeingonscreensismakingyourlifeworse.ItcouldbewhenyouarestreamingaTVseriesrightbeforebed,feelingdepressedafterwardandlosinghoursofsleep.Oryoucouldbegettingstuckonyourdeviceatthedinnertableandendupgettingdistracted.37Identifyyourtoptwoorthreeproblemsituations.38Onceyouidentifythepainpoints,forexample,scrolling(滚动浏览)onTikTokforhourskeepsyoufromsleepingandmakesyoufeeldepressedafterward),askyourself:Whatisscreentimereplacingandwhatgoalsisitserving?Inotherwords,whatareyouactuallyhungryfor?Youmightbeendlesslyscrollingbecauseyouwanttofeelupliftedattheendoftheday.Writedownthethingsyoureallywant.Tryasubstitute39It’scrucialtopicksomethingthatconsistentlymakesyoufeelgood.Forexample,ifyourgoalissocialconnection,makeplansforanicemealwithafriendortakethatweeklymeetinginpersonratherthanviaZoom.Ifyourgoalisinspiration,scheduletimeforoilpainting,readinghistoricalfictionorwhateveritisthatupliftsyou.40Andatlast,youwillbecomeempowered,healthyandwisedigitalcitizens.A．Identifyyourtruedesire.B．Determineyourpainpoints.C．Prettysoon,thesereplacementswillmakeyoufeelmoresatisfied.D．Buttheonlywaytotrulygaincontrolistotakepositivestepsinadvance.E．Ormaybeyouareinefficientatworkbecauseyou’redoingtoomuchonlineshopping.F．Askyourselfhowyoucanmeetthoseneedsthroughsomethingotherthanscreentime.G．Ifyourdigitallifeisoutofbalance,reducingtimeondevicesisanimportantfirststep.【答案】36．D37．E38．A39．F