2026年浙江高考英语第二次模拟考试（答案解析版）

试卷第试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页绝密★考试结束前2026年高考第二次模拟考试英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1．WhowillthemantraveltoChinawith?A．Thewoman. B．Hisfamily. C．Hiscolleague.【答案】B【原文】W:Haveyoufinalizedyourplansforthesummerbreak?M:Yes,I’vejustbookedawalkingtripinChinawithmyparents.Peoplearefriendlythere.Andwe’regoingtohikealongtheGreatWall.Itwilldefinitelybememorable.2．Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutthefilm?A．Theactingispoor. B．Theplotisconfusing. C．Theendingisexciting.【答案】B【原文】W:Haveyouwatchedthemovie“TheWanderingEarth”yet?M:Yes,theideaofmovingEarthawayfromthedyingSunwasreallyexciting.W:Iagree.Ithoughttheactorsweregreat,thoughIfoundtheplotabitdifficulttofollowsometimes.3．Wherewastheman’spackagedelivered?A．Tohishome. B．Tohiscompany. C．Tothepostoffice.【答案】B【原文】M:IwaswaitingformydishsoupathomebutIgotamessage,sayingitwasdeliveredtomycompany.Ireallydon’twanttogothereonholiday.W:Well,atleast,it’smoreconvenientthanpickingitupfromthepostoffice.4．Whatisthereasonforthewoman’snewchoiceforlunch?A．Sheisonadiet. B．Sheisfondofvegetables. C．Sheistiredofeatingmeat.【答案】C【原文】M:Inoticedyouwenttothenewvegetarianwindowatlunch.W:Yeah,Ilovetryingdifferentdiets.Eatingmeatallthetimegetsboringsometimes.M:It’snice.Theyaddedthat.Iguessnoteveryonewantsmeatheavymealseverytime.5．What’stheman’sconcernaboutZootopia2?A．It’snotcreativeenough. B．JudyandNickaren’tfunny. C．Newcharactersaren’tvivid.【答案】A【原文】M:HaveyouseenZootopia2?Mykidssayit’samovieworthseeing.W:No,notyet.ButI’veheardgoodthingsaboutitsvividnewcharactersandthefunnyinteractionsbetweenJudyandNick.M:Yeah,butsomereviewssayitlacksnewideas.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A．Dry. B．Wet. C．Hot.7．Whatwillthemanprobablydotomorrow?A．Watchamovie. B．Visitthedentist. C．HikeintheLakeDistrict.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:It’stoohotanddrythesedays.Haveyouseentheweatherforecastfortomorrow?W:Yes,they’repredictingheavyrainallday.It’sgonnabecool,forsure.M:Oh,IwasplanningtogowalkingintheLakeDistrict.W:Ohno,that’sashame.Walkingintherainisn’tfun.M:Yes,I'mnotsurewhattodonow.MaybeIshouldpostponethetrip.W:Thatmightbeagoodidea.Whatwillyoudoinstead?M:PerhapsI’llgotothecinema.There’sanewfilmIwantedtosee.W:Thatsoundslikeabetterplan.I’mofftothedentistrightnow.M:Oh,goodluckwiththat.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8．Whicheventimpressedthewomanmost?A．Thedanceparty. B．Theyardsale. C．Thepicnic.9．Whatweretheneighborslikebefore?A．Theyheldsmallevents. B．Theyseldominteracted. C．Theysharedtheirbelongings.10．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Aregularactivity. B．Weekendplans. C．Changesinthecommunity.【答案】8．B9．B10．C【原文】W:Ournewneighborshavereallydoneagreatjob,haven’tthey?M:You’renotkidding.Thiswholeareahastakenonanewlooksincetheymovedin.W:Totally.Thecommunityeventsthey’veorganizedhavebeenahugehit.M:Yeah,everyonelovedthedanceparty.Andthepicnicintheparklastmonthwasreallyfuntoo.Peoplearoundhereseemmuchclosernow.W:Iagree.ButyouknowwhatIlikedthemost?Theyardsaletheyarrangedonweekends.Itreallygoteveryonetalkingandtradingstuff.Inthepastpeoplemostlykepttothemselves.Thateventreallyhelpedeveryone“comeoutoftheirshells”,youknow?M:Yes.It’swonderfultoseeeveryonecomingtogetherlikethis.Weshouldsuggestholdingthesekindsofthingsmoreoften.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Inaclassroom. B．Inalibrary. C．Inabookstore.12．WhenshouldJackfinishthearticle?A．OnWednesday. B．OnTuesday. C．OnMonday.13．WhatwillJackwriteabout?A．Hisfavoritebook. B．Hisfavoriteplay. C．Hisfavoritemovie.【答案】11．B12．A13．C【原文】W:Hi,Jack,whatabusyMonday.Youarespendingalotoftimeinthelibrarytoday.What’sup?Areyoubecomingahardworkingboy?M:Hi,Cindy,you’rejoking.I’mthinkingaboutmyarticleforourschoolmagazine.Ihavetofinishitthedayaftertomorrow.Thetitleismyfavoritebook,butIcan’tdecidewhattowriteabout.W:Well,what’syourfavoritebookthen?M:It’shardtosay.Infact,Idon’treallyenjoyreading.W:Isee.Canyouwriteaboutsomethingelse,afilmoraplay,forexample?M:Idon’tthinkso.IpromisedBettytowriteaboutabook.W:I’msureBettywillbepleasedifyouwriteanarticle,evenifit’snotaboutabook.M:Ithinkyouhavegotitright.I’llwriteaboutmyfavouritefilminstead.Thanks,Cindy.W:You’rewelcome.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14．Whatmadethemangiveupasailingtriplastweekend?A．Thebusyschedule.B．Thelongdistance.C．Thehighcost.15．WhatdidJennydolastweekend?A．Sheparticipatedinacompetition.B．Shewonafootballprizeatthepark.C．Sheplayedtenniswithherbrother.16．Whogotinjured?A．Emily. B．Joe. C．Andy.17．Whatwillthewomandonextweekend?A．Gotothebeachwiththeman.B．Goswimmingandfishingalone.C．Invitethemantoabasketballgame.【答案】14．C15．A16．B17．A【原文】W:Didyouhaveagoodweekend?Iheardyouwentonasailingtrip.M:Itwastooexpensive,soIjustwentfishing.Whatdidyoudo,Emily?W:Iwantedtoplaybasketball,butIcouldn’tfindanyonetoplaywith,soIplayedtenniswithmybrotherinstead.M:Whydon’tyouaskJenny?She’sgoodatsports.W:Ohno,that’sright.Shewasbusyatthepark.Therewasabadmintoncompetition.Ihopeshewonaprize.M:DidyouhearaboutJoe?Hebrokehislegwhenplayingfootball.W:Ohno,thatwillstophimgoingswimmingwithmenextweekend.Areyougoingtothebeach?I’llcomewithyou.Iloveitthere.M:Wouldyouliketotakemethere?W:Ofcourse.Themorepeople,thebetter.WecanaskAndyaswell.Hewatchedalotoffilmsathomethisweekend,buthesayshewantstodosomethingoutsidenextweekend.M:Great.I’llaskhimifhewantstocome.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18．Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker’stalk?A．Toseekvolunteers.B．Toraisefundsfortheprogram.C．Tocelebratetheprogram’s10thanniversary.19．HowdidthespeakerinitiallybecomeassociatedwiththeHorizonyouthprogram?A．Throughtheshelter. B．Throughthepolice. C．Throughthehighschool.20．Whoisthespeakerlikelyaddressing?A．Agroupofhomelessyouths.B．Parentsofschoolstudents. C．Supportersoftheprogram.【答案】18．C19．B20．C【原文】Helloeveryone,I’mAlexJohnson.AndIsupposeyouallknowthatwe’regatheredheretocelebratetenyearsoftheHorizonyouthprogram.IunderstandmanyofyouvolunteerattheshelterorteachattheHorizondayschool.Andtherearenumerousotherswhocontributefinanciallytotheprogram,whichisequallycrucial.Everyonewhohasbenefitedfromtheprogramisdeeplygratefultoallofyou.Theprogramvirtuallysavedmylife.IbecamehomelesswhenIwasfifteenandlivedonthestreets.Evenworse,Ioncebrokethelaw.Eventually,thepolicestationcontactedavolunteerfromHorizon,andthevolunteerenrolledmeintheprogram.Theyprovidedmewithshelter,apart-timejob,andassistedmeinobtainingmyhighschooldiploma.Now,I’mattendingcollegeandworkingpart-timeattheHorizonshelter,whereIencountertroubledyouthwhoaremuchyoungerthanIoncewas.So,Iwitnessdailytheimpactofyourgenerosityonhomelessindividuals.

Next,I’dliketointroducetheremarkablewomanwhoisresponsibleforallofthis.ThePresident,LauraHarris,willsharewithusthestoryofthefoundingoftheHorizonyouthprogram.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMostpasswordsarestillweak.AstudybySpecopsfoundthat98.5%ofreal-worldpasswordsareobjectivelyweak.Only1.5%ofpasswordsmadeitintothe“strong”zone,definedasbeingatleast15characterslongandusingtwoormorecharactertypes.Only3.3%ofpasswordswerelongerthan15characters.Thismeansthatmostpasswordscanbecrackedquicklyusinginexpensivepowerfulcomputertools.Themostcommonpasswordswereeightcharacterslongwithjusttwocharactertypes,suchas“Summer22”or“Office99”.About8%ofallpasswordsfellintothisdangerouslybasiczone.Closebehindwereeight-characterpasswordswithonlyonecharactertype,mostoftenlettersalone,andinmanycaseslowercaselettersonly.Theseaccountedforanother7.6%ofallpasswords.Whenpasswordlengthisheldconstant,securitydependslargelyonthevarietyofcharactersused.Thetablebelowillustratesthiseffect.CharactersetSizeofsetTotalcombinationsHowlongtocrack?15characterspasswordoflowercaseonly(a-z)262615~1.68×1021Easilycrackedwithpowerfultoolsindaysorweeks15characterspasswordoflowercase+uppercase(a-z,A-Z)525215~2.53×1025Muchhardertocrack,butstillpossibleovertime15characterspasswordofalphanumeric(a-z,A-Z,0-9)626215~7.70×1026Verystrongpasswordsformostpracticalusecases15characterspasswordofallprintablecharacters(a-z,A-Z,0-9,symbols)949415~2.25×1029NearlyimpossibletocrackInadditiontocharactervariety,passwordlengthalsoplaysanimportantroleinsecurity.Usingpasswordsof16to20characterswithatleasttwodifferentcharactertypes-letters,numbers,orsymbols-pushesthenumberofpossiblecombinationsintothetrillions.Evenhigh-endcrackingfarmswouldtakeyearsorcenturiestobreakthem.Inreality,however,weakpasswordsarestillverycommon.AsDarrenJames,SeniorProductManageratSpecops,notes,“Manyusersarestilllow-hangingfruitforonlinethieves,whocancracktheirpasswordsinseconds.”21．Whatpercentageofpasswordsarethemostcommontype?A．1.5%. B．3.3%. C．7.6%. D．8%.22．Whatisthemainfactorthetablecompares?A．Thesizeofset. B．Useofletters.C．Thecrackingmethod. D．Passwordlength.23．WhydoestheauthorquoteDarrenJames?A．Tointroducehiscompany. B．Towarntheonlinethieves.C．Tostresstheworryingreality. D．Tocriticizeusersforpoorchoices.【答案】21．D22．A23．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文字介绍一项研究，研究显示绝大多数现实密码强度很弱，仅少数符合强密码标准。密码长度与字符种类决定安全性，弱密码极易被破解，用户账号仍面临巨大风险。21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Themostcommonpasswordswereeightcharacterslongwithjusttwocharactertypes,suchas“Summer22”or“Office99”.About8%ofallpasswordsfellintothisdangerouslybasiczone.(最常见的密码长度均为8个字符，且仅包含两种字符类型，例如“Summer22”或“Office99”。约8%的所有密码都处于这种极其简单的危险区域)”可知，最常见的密码占密码总数的百分比的8%。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenpasswordlengthisheldconstant,securitydependslargelyonthevarietyofcharactersused.Thetablebelowillustratesthiseffect.(当密码长度保持不变时，安全性主要取决于所使用的字符种类的多样性。下面的表格说明了这一现象)”以及表格第一列：Characterset，第二列：Sizeofset，可知，整表都是在对比：不同字符集大小→组合数多少→破解时间。故选A。23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inreality,however,weakpasswordsarestillverycommon.AsDarrenJames,SeniorProductManageratSpecops,notes,“Manyusersarestilllow-hangingfruitforonlinethieves,whocancracktheirpasswordsinseconds.”(然而实际上，弱密码仍然非常常见。正如Specops公司的高级产品经理达伦·詹姆斯所指出的那样：“许多用户仍然是网络窃贼容易下手的目标，他们能在几秒钟内破解这些密码。”)”可知，作者引用达伦·詹姆斯的话以强调这一令人担忧的现实。故选C。BDr.PunamKrishanisageneralpractitioner—aGP—oneofthedoctorswhostandonthefrontlineofmedicine.GPstreateverydayillnesses,listencarefullytopatients’concerns,anddecidewhenspecialmedicalcareisneeded.Beyondherworkinclinics,Dr.Krishanisalsoafamiliarfaceontelevisionandtheauthorofseveralbooks,includingHowtoBeaDoctorandOtherLife-SavingJobs,YouandYourBody,andherlatestrelease,TheSuperhero’sFirstAidManual.Herjourneyintomedicinebeganwithcaringforothers.“Itstartedoffwithmewantingtohelppeopleunderstandthemselvesbetter,”sheonceexplained.Sheoftennoticedwhensomeonelookedunwellandfeltdriventoaskwhy.Thatquietcuriosityledherdeeperintoscience,evenwhenitwaschallenging,andeventuallytowardalifededicatedtohealingothers.ToDr.Krishan,beingaGPis“oneofthemostincrediblejobsintheworld”.Everyday,shemeetspeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsandatdifferentstagesoflife.Withonlytenminutesperpatient,shemustlistenclosely,readbetweenthelines,anduncoverthetruthbehindtheirsymptoms,“Itmakesmefeelabitlikeadetective,”shesaid.Patientsmayarrivewithoneproblemormany,andfindingtherightanswerbringsasenseofexcitementthatneverfades.Shedescribesherroleasbeing“abitofabestfriendtopeople”.Hernewestbookwasshapedbyadeeplypersonalloss.Whenshewasachild,hergrandfatherdied,andforyearssheworriedshehadmissedsignsthathewasunwell.Thatexperiencestayedwithherandformedapowerfulbelief:recognizingillnesscanbealife-savingskill,evenforchildren.Throughherbook,sheteachesyoungreaderstorecognizeemergenciessuchasallergicreactionsorheartattacks,andtotakesimplebutvitalsteps—stayingcalm,calling999,orplacingsomeoneintherecoveryposition.ForDr.Krishan,heroismbeginswithcare,courage,andknowledge.“Childrenshouldknowthebasicsofhowtobeasuperherointhatmoment,”sheadded.24．WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Krishanfromthefirstparagraph?A．Shetakesonmultipleroles. B．Sheexcelsindetailedwork.C．Shetakespleasureinreading. D．Sheaimsforpublicrecognition.25．WhydidDr.Krishandiveintoscience?A．Totacklethescientificchallenges. B．Tomakeupforherchildhoodregret.C．Toobservethelivesofpatientsbetter. D．Tofindexplanationsforwhatsheobserved.26．HowdoesDr.KrishanfindherworkasaGP?A．Fast-pacedbutfulfilling. B．Stressfulbutstable.C．Challengingbutwell-paid. D．Exhaustingbutpromising.27．WhatdoesDr.Krishan’sexperienceindicateaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Betterlatethannever. B．Fixtheroofbeforeitrains.C．Timeandtidewaitfornoman. D．Opportunityfavorsthepreparedmind.【答案】24．A25．D26．A27．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了全科医生普纳姆·克里尚博士的职业生涯、个人信念以及她通过新书传递急救知识的使命。24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Beyondherworkinclinics,Dr.Krishanisalsoafamiliarfaceontelevisionandtheauthorofseveralbooks,(除了在诊所工作外，克里尚博士也是电视上的熟面孔，她还写了几本书)”可知，克里尚博士不仅是一名全科医生，还在电视上露面，并且是几本书的作者，由此可知，她扮演着多个角色。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sheoftennoticedwhensomeonelookedunwellandfeltdriventoaskwhy.Thatquietcuriosityledherdeeperintoscience,(她经常注意到有人看起来不舒服，就会忍不住问为什么。这种安静的好奇心驱使她更深入地研究科学)”可知，克里尚博士对观察到的事物感到好奇，想要找到解释，因此她深入研究了科学。故选D。26．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Withonlytenminutesperpatient,shemustlistenclosely,readbetweenthelines,anduncoverthetruthbehindtheirsymptoms,(每位病人只有十分钟的时间，她必须仔细倾听，从字里行间理解，并揭示他们症状背后的真相)”以及“Patientsmayarrivewithoneproblemormany,andfindingtherightanswerbringsasenseofexcitementthatneverfades.(病人可能带着一个问题或多个问题来，找到正确的答案会带来一种永远不会消退的兴奋感)”可知，克里尚博士的工作节奏很快，但她觉得很有成就感。故选A。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whenshewasachild,hergrandfatherdied,andforyearssheworriedshehadmissedsignsthathewasunwell.Thatexperiencestayedwithherandformedapowerfulbelief:recognizingillnesscanbealife-savingskill,evenforchildren.(当她还是个孩子的时候，她的祖父去世了，多年来她一直担心自己错过了祖父身体不适的迹象。这段经历一直伴随着她，并形成了一个坚定的信念：识别疾病可以成为一种拯救生命的技能，即使对儿童来说也是如此)”可知，克里尚博士小时候的经历让她意识到识别疾病的重要性，因此她通过写书来教育年轻读者识别紧急情况并采取简单的急救措施，这体现了“未雨绸缪”的理念。故选B。CEveryonehasheardthatit’svitaltogetseventoninehoursofsleepanight.Getanythingless,andyouaremorelikelytosufferfrompoorhealthintheshortandlongterm.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavediscoveredararegroupofpeoplewhoconsistentlygetlittleshut-eyeandarenoworseforwear.Naturalshortsleepers,astheyarecalled,aregeneticallywiredtoneedonlyfourtosixhoursofsleepanight.Theseexceptionssuggestthatquality,notquantity,iswhatmatters.Ifscientistscouldfigureoutwhatthesepeopledodifferently,itmight,theyhope,provideinsightintosleep’sverynature.Ying-HuiFu,ahumangeneticistandneuroscientistatUCSanFrancisco,recallsthereisonefamilywhosememberswokeupearlybutdidn’tgotobedearly,andfeltrefreshedafteronlyaboutsixhoursofsleep.Theywerethefirstpeopleidentifiedwithfamilialnaturalshortsleep,aconditionthatrunsinfamilieslikeothergeneticfeatures.FuandhercolleaguePtačekthoughttheshortsleeporiginatedfromamutation(变异)inagenecalledDEC2.TheresearcherswentontogeneticallyengineertheDEC2mutationintomice,showingthattheanimalsneedlesssleepthantheirlittermates.Overtime,theresearchershaveidentifiedsevengenesassociatedwithnaturalshortsleep.Likemice,peoplewhoarenaturallyshortsleepersseemtobeimmune(免疫的)totheilleffectsofshortsleep.Ifanything,theydoextraordinarilywell.Researchsuggeststhatsuchpeopleareambitious,energeticandoptimistic,withremarkablerecoverabilityagainststressandhigherthresholds(阈值)forpain.Butthoughsleephasastronggeneticcomponent,itcanalsobeshapedbytheenvironment.Knowingthatbettersleepispossible,andunderstandingthebasis,couldpointthewaytointerventionstoimprovesleep,enablingmorepeopletolivelonger,healthierlives.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“noworseforwear”inparagraph1mean?A．Unharmed. B．Uncomfortable.C．Abnormal. D．Exhausted.29．Whatcanweknowaboutthementionedfamilyinparagraph3?A．Theyareearlytobedandearlytorise.B．Theirsleepqualitydependsonthequantity.C．Theyaregeneticallybuilttorequirelesssleep.D．DEC2isadecisivefactorintheirhealthcondition.30．Whatistheultimategoalofthisresearch?A．Todeveloptoolsforeditingsleepgenes.B．Toimprovesleepqualityforbetterhealth.C．Toidentifyspecificsleep-relatedgenes.D．Tocreateuniversalsleepreductionprograms.31．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．LessShut-Eye,BetterHealthB．SleepQualityandGeneMutationC．TheonesWhoNeedLessSleepD．TheHiddenCostsofShortSleep【答案】28．A29．C30．B31．C【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究发现少数人因基因突变只需4-6小时睡眠且健康，科学家希望通过解码其机制改善大众睡眠质量。28．词句猜测题。根据划线词组上文“Everyonehasheardthatit’svitaltogetseventoninehoursofsleepanight.Getanythingless,andyouaremorelikelytosufferfrompoorhealthintheshortandlongterm.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavediscoveredararegroupofpeoplewhoconsistentlygetlittleshut-eye(每个人都听说过，每晚保证7到9小时的睡眠至关重要。睡眠时间少于这个范围的人，无论是短期内还是长期内，都更有可能出现健康问题。但近年来，科学家们发现了一群罕见的人，他们总是睡眠不足)”可知，一些罕见的人总是睡眠不足，结合下文“Naturalshortsleepers,astheyarecalled,aregeneticallywiredtoneedonlyfourtosixhoursofsleepanight.(人们通常称这类人是“自然型短睡眠者”，他们天生就具备这样的生理特征：每晚只需睡4到6个小时即可)”可知，这类人是天生的少睡眠者，所以即使少睡也不会产生危害，划线词组与unharmed“未受损害的”意思相近。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据第三段“FuandhercolleaguePtačekthoughttheshortsleeporiginatedfromamutation(变异)inagenecalledDEC2.TheresearcherswentontogeneticallyengineertheDEC2mutationintomice,showingthattheanimalsneedlesssleepthantheirlittermates.(傅和她的同事帕塔切克认为这种短暂的睡眠现象是由一种名为DEC2的基因发生突变所导致的。随后，研究人员通过基因工程技术将DEC2基因的突变引入到小鼠体内，结果发现这些小鼠所需的睡眠时间比其同窝幼崽要短)”可知，第三段开头提到的家庭天生就具有较少需要睡眠，这是基因所致。故选C。30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Knowingthatbettersleepispossible,andunderstandingthebasis,couldpointthewaytointerventionstoimprovesleep,enablingmorepeopletolivelonger,healthierlives.(既然我们知道改善睡眠是有可能的，并且也了解其背后的原理，那么这或许能为改善睡眠的干预措施提供方向，从而让更多人能够过上更长寿、更健康的生活)”可推知，这个研究最终是为了提高睡眠质量，从而促进身体健康。故选B。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Butinrecentyears,scientistshavediscoveredararegroupofpeoplewhoconsistentlygetlittleshut-eyeandarenoworseforwear.(但近年来，科学家们发现了一群罕见的人群，他们几乎从不睡足觉，但却依然未受影响)”可知，本文介绍了研究发现，少数人因基因突变只需4-6小时睡眠且健康，科学家希望通过解码其机制改善大众睡眠质量。由此可知，C选项“那些需要较少睡眠的人”能够引出文章话题，并涵盖阐述研究意义，综合概括全文，为最佳标题。故选C。DClimatechangeiscausingrisingtemperaturesandextremeweatherevents.WhatiftherewereawaytocoolEarthbyreflectingtheSun?In2022,theUScompanyMakeSunsetsreleasedtwoweatherballoonsaboveBajaCaliforniainMexico.Theseballoons,whenreachingacertainheight,burstopen,spreadingsulfurdioxideparticles(二氧化硫颗粒)acrossthesky,thuscreatingabrightmistintheskythatreflectssunlight.AsimilarweatherballoontestflightwaslaunchedintheUK.Thismethodbelongstosolargeoengineering,aprocessofbouncingsunlightbackintospace.Otherapproachesincludeinstallingreflectorsonsatellites,thoughthesearemoretechnicallycomplex.Inaworldofrisingtemperatures,dimmingtheSunisanimmediatewaytocooltheplanet.LukeIseman,thefounderofMakeSunsets,claimsthatwithoutsolargeoengineeringtherearenootherrealisticchoicestostaybelow2℃,beyondwhichmanyeffectsofclimatechangewillbeirreversible(不可逆转).Studieshaveconfirmeditseffectiveness:a2022Yalestudysuggestedreflectingsunlightcouldslowsea-levelriseandhelprestorepolarice.Financially,itisalsomorepossible:theestimatedannualcostisaround$10billion,farlowerthanthetrillionsofdollarsrequiredforafullglobaltransitiontorenewableenergy.However,over380scientistsworldwidehaveopposedthetechnology.Somewarnthatinterferingwiththeweathermaydisruptrainfallpatterns,triggeringdroughtsinsomeregionsandfloodsinothers.Sinceitseffectsarenotlimitedtoparticipatingnations,conflictsbetweencountriescouldarise.Additionally,expertsarguethatitmightencouragepolluterstocontinueburningfossilfuels.Thereisalsoconcernaboutlong-termmaintenance:ifsolargeoengineeringisstoppedsuddenly,Earthcouldfaceasharptemperaturesurge,severelyharmingwildlife.Givenitspotentialbenefitsandsignificantrisks,solargeoengineeringrequirescautiousevaluation.Governments,scientists,andglobalorganizationsshouldcooperatetoconductthoroughresearch,assessitslong-termimpacts,andestablishstrictregulatoryframeworksbeforeanylarge-scaleimplementation.32．WhatisthefunctionoftheballoonsreleasedbyMakeSunsets?A．Toabsorbsulfurdioxideparticles.B．Toformasunlight-reflectingmist.C．Tomonitorextremeweatherchanges.D．Tohelpinstallsunlightreflectors.33．What’stheadvantageofsolargeoengineeringoverrenewableenergytransitionaccordingtothetext?A．Itismoreaffordable.B．Itismoreeco-friendly.C．Itiseasiertocarryout.D．Itismoreaccessible.34．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4aboutsolargeoengineering?A．Itmayreducetheuseofoil.B．Itmaycausedamagetosatellites.C．Itmainlybenefitsnationsinvolved.D．Itmayaffectrainfalldistribution.35．What’stheauthor’sattitudetodimmingtheSun?A．Supportive. B．Opposed.C．Objective. D．Doubtful.【答案】32．B33．A34．D35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了通过太阳地球工程来应对气候变化的可能性，分析了其潜在优势和巨大风险，并指出在实施前需进行全面研究和严格监管。32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theseballoons,whenreachingacertainheight,burstopen,spreadingsulfurdioxideparticles(二氧化硫颗粒)acrossthesky,thuscreatingabrightmistintheskythatreflectssunlight.(这些气球在到达一定高度时会爆开，将二氧化硫颗粒散布到天空中，从而在天空中形成一层能够反射阳光的明亮薄雾)”可知，这些气球的功能是形成能反射阳光的薄雾。故选B项。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Financially,itisalsomorepossible:theestimatedannualcostisaround$10billion,farlowerthanthetrillionsofdollarsrequiredforafullglobaltransitiontorenewableenergy.(从财务上看，它也更可行：估计每年成本约为100亿美元，远低于全球完全向可再生能源转型所需的数万亿美元)”可知，与向可再生能源转型相比，太阳地球工程的优势在于其成本更低，即更经济。故选A项。34．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Somewarnthatinterferingwiththeweathermaydisruptrainfallpatterns,triggeringdroughtsinsomeregionsandfloodsinothers.(一些人警告说，干预天气可能会扰乱降雨模式，在一些地区引发干旱，在另一些地区引发洪水)”可以推断，太阳地球工程可能会影响全球的降雨分布。故选D项。35．推理判断题。通读全文，作者在文章前半部分(第二、三段)客观陈述了太阳地球工程的技术原理、支持者的观点及其潜在优势(快速降温、成本低)。在文章后半部分(第四段)，作者又客观列举了全球科学家的反对意见及其存在的巨大风险(扰乱气候、引发冲突等)。最后一段作者总结道“Givenitspotentialbenefitsandsignificantrisks,solargeoengineeringrequirescautiousevaluation.(鉴于其潜在的好处和重大风险，太阳地球工程需要谨慎评估)”，并建议进行深入研究、评估和建立监管框架。全文没有表现出明显的个人支持或反对倾向，而是平衡地呈现了问题的两面性，并提出了审慎的建议。因此，作者的态度是客观的。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’swell-documentedthatreadingteacheskidsmorethanjustnewfacts.Readingaloudtobabiesactivatespartsoftheirbrainthatsupportmentalimageryandhelpthemgainmeaningfromlanguage.36Butdespitetheestablishedbenefitsofreading,booksaren’taccessibletoeveryone.Ina2018study,researchersinNewYorkUniversityplacedbookvending(销售)machinesinpoorcommunitieswherechildren’sbooksarerareornonexistent.37Whataboutlibraries?Theresearchersaskedparticipantsabouthowtheyusedlocallibrariesandfoundthattheywere“rarelyseenasanoption”.38Thisisatimewhenschoolandearlychildhoodprogramsarenotinsession.Asaresult,disadvantagedchildrenfallbehindacademicallyduringthis“seasonalsummerslide”,wideningthegapbetweenthemandthedisadvantagedkids.Theresearcherssetouttoseehowvendingmachinesinfourlow-incomeneighborhoodswouldaffectfamilyreadingpatternsandtheacademicdownslideoversummer.Themachineswereputintheneighborhoodsforeightweeks.39Morethan64,000freebookswerepoppedoutto26,200uniquereadersoverthecourseofthesummer.Andtheother38,235wererepeatusers.However,thevendingmachinesweren’tenoughtogetchildrenuninterestedinreadingtopickupabook.Fortypercentofpassersbyvisitedbutdidn’tmakeaselection.“Ourfindingssuggestthatonlyhavingonesideoftheequation—accesstobooksoradultsupport—isnotenough,”saidco-authorSusanB．Neuman.“Childrenneedaccesstobooksintheirneighborhoods.40”A．Theyturnedoutquitepopular.B．Themachinesprovidemorebooksthanlibraries.C．Familiesintheseareasdon’thaveenoughaccesstobooks.D．Adultsneedtocreateanenvironmentthatinspiresreading.E．Italsoreducestheriskofchildrenhavingbehaviorproblems.F．Thisproblemofaccesstobooksisworsenedoverthesummer.G．Theauthorsconductedaseriesofquestionnairesandinterviews.【答案】36．E37．C38．F39．A40．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了纽约大学研究者在贫困社区投放书籍自助售卖机的相关研究，探讨该举措对改善儿童阅读及缓解暑期学业下滑的作用，最后提出儿童阅读需要书籍获取渠道和成人支持双管齐下。36．上文“It’swell-documentedthatreadingteacheskidsmorethanjustnewfacts.Readingaloudtobabiesactivatespartsoftheirbrainthatsupportmentalimageryandhelpthemgainmeaningfromlanguage.(有充分证据表明，阅读教给孩子的不仅仅是新的知识。给婴儿朗读能激活他们大脑中支持心理意象的区域，帮助他们从语言中获取意义)”阐述了阅读对儿童的好处，下文“Butdespit