2026届高三英语一轮语法专题虚拟语气+课件

一：语气的种类陈述语气祁使语气虚拟语气表示所说的话是事实。例：Heisateacher.表示所说的话是请求或命令。例：Openthewindow,please.表示说话人的主观愿望、猜想、建议或与事实不符的假设。例：HesuggestedIshouldgotoseethefilm.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法及定义2条件句

真实条件句虚拟条件句Iftimepermits,we’llgofishingtogether.如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。IfIhadhisphonenumber,Iwouldcallhimnow.如果我有他的电话号码，我现在就给他打电话了。陈述语气虚拟语气，复合句中主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。有可能发生真的不可能发生我没有他的电话虚拟语气：表示说的话不是事实或者不可能发生，而是表达愿望，建议，假设。陈述语气与虚拟语气3Iftheyinvitedmethisevening,Ishouldgowiththem.如果今天晚上他们邀请我去，我会同他们一起去的。12虚拟语气，说话人认为被邀请的可能性__________或_________________。很小根本不可能Iftheyinvitemethisevening,Ishallgowiththem.如果今天晚上他们邀请我去，我会同他们一起去的。陈述语气，说话人认为被邀请的可能性____________。很大与现在事实相反的假设IfIhadhisphonenumber,Iwouldcallhimnow.动词过去时would+动原Iftherewerenogravityonearth,everyonecouldfly.be的过去式could+动原总结：从句：动词过去时（be的过去式用were）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原型If引导的虚拟条件句与过去事实相反的假设Ifthemanagerhadadoptedmysuggestion,thecompanywouldn’thavelostsomuchmoney.had+过去分词would+have+过去分词Iftherehad

not

been

a

snow

storm,

the

flight

wouldn’t

have

been

delayed.had+过去分词总结：从句：had+过去分词主句：would/could/might/should+have+过去分词would+have+过去分词与将来事实相反的假设Ifpeopleweretostopdrivingprivatecars,trafficproblemsmightbesolved.were+不定式might+动原IfIshouldnottake(didnottake/werenottotake)anexamtomorrow,Iwouldgotoattendyourparty..should+动原would+动原总结：从句:动词过去时should+动词原形were+不定式主句:would/could/might/should+动词原型归纳总结含义从句的谓语动词主句的谓语动词与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反过去式werehad+过去分词should+动词原型wereto+动词原型过去式would/should/could/might+动词原型would/should/could/might+have+过去分词would/should/could/might+动词原型虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用

类型从句中谓语动词形式主句中谓语动词形式与现在事实相反If+主语+主语+与过去事实相反If+主语+与将来事实相反If+主语+++主语+虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用

类型从句中谓语动词形式主句中谓语动词形式与现在事实相反If+主语+did/were主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反If+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反If+主语+did+weretodo+shoulddo主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形if的省略If引导的虚拟条件句中，含有were/should/had这三个词时，可以把if去掉，把were/should/had提到主语前面，构成倒装。Ifithadnotbeenforhismother’sobjection,JackwouldhavemarriedthatFrenchgirl.如果不是妈妈的反对，杰克就会和那个法国女孩结婚了。Haditnotbeenforhismother’sobjection,JackwouldhavemarriedthatFrenchgirl.错综条件句虚拟错综虚拟条件句指主句和从句表达时间不一致的情况。比如从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在或将来事实相反，形式为：从句：had+过去分词，主句：would/could/might+动词原型。例Ifyouhadfollowedyourfather’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeintroublenow.如果你听从父亲的建议，现在就不会有麻烦了。2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种条件(1)在“Itis+important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/apity+that...”句型中,谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。It’s

vital

thatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。(2)在wouldrather(that)后的宾语从句中,从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作,从句用一般过去时;如果表示过去发生的动作,从句用过去完成时。I’d

rather

he

had

gonetotheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.要是他前天和我去海边就好了。(3)句中含有以下单词或其变形时,该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.他建议我们第二天早点出发。(4)wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气·对现在的虚拟:过去式(be的过去式用were)·对过去的虚拟:had+过去分词·对将来的虚拟:would/could/might+动词原形①Iwish(that)Iweretenyearsyounger.我希望我能年轻十岁。②Iwish(that)Ihad

metthatfilmstaryesterday.我希望我昨天见到了那位电影明星。3.三个特定句式中的虚拟语气

句型结构过去虚拟现在虚拟将来虚拟ifonly....had+过去分词过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might+动词原形asif/though...had+过去分词过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might+动词原形Itis(high)timethat...从句中谓语动词用过去式①If

only

I

had

seenthefilm.②It

is

high

time

thatwestartedout.③Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasifnothinghad

happened.*含蓄虚拟条件句——重难突破(1)有时假设的情况不用条件句表达,而是用butfor,without等介词(短语)来表示。Wewouldn’thavefinishedtheprojectontimewithoutyourtimelyhelp.如果没有你的及时帮助,我们就不能按时完成那项工程。(2)用连词otherwise,or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反,从而引出后文的虚拟语气。I’mreallyverybusy,or/otherwiseIwouldcertainlygotherewithyou.我真的是太忙了,不然我就会同你一道去了。(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来,模式为“虚拟情况+but+真实情况”。Shewouldhavecometoseeyoubutthatshewasillthatday.要是那天她没生病,她就来看你了。小题快练单句语法填空①Iwasbusyfinishingmypaperthatday.OtherwiseI______________

(go)therewiththem.

②Iwishhe

(tell)methetruthlastweek.

③Ifeltsoembarrassedwhenbeingblamedbymyteacherinclass.IfonlyI

(complete)myhomeworklastnight!

④HetalksaboutthecreaturesoftheAmazonrainforestasifhe

(explore)therebefore.

⑤Heradviceisthatgoodstudyhabits

(form)inone’schildhood.

⑥It’shightimethatwe

(apply)ourselvestothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.

wouldhavegonehadtoldhadcompletedhadexplored(should)beformedapplied情态动词——单句语法填空1.(2024全国甲卷)Whatshould

(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?

2.(2024浙江1月卷)However,thoughit’snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsomet