高考英语长难句分析与应用+课件-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

高考英语长难句

分析和应用YYoureffortwillpayoffThebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks–likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage–toonesthatrequirementalabstraction–suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.（2024新高考阅读理解C）

SampleHeading长难句到底难在哪里？（1）中心词加了较多修饰语，后置的定语给理解带来较大困难。（2）简单句加了较多修饰语，尤其是非谓语动词，含义丰富，形式灵活。（3）含有三大从句的复合句。(名，定，状从)（4）并列成分、对等结构的存在。（5）同位语、插入语的运用。（6）特殊句式的使用：倒装、强调句型和省略。adj.prep.n.定从状从同位语并列结构非谓语TrunkLeaves&Branches长难句=主干+修饰START1.LaoLihassolvedtheproblem.2.Youcangiveyourparentsagift.3.Sheisgorgeous.4.Theinventionallowedpeople

tovisitthebeach.5.AcademicianYuan

Longpingdied.主谓宾(SVO)主谓宾宾(SVOO)主系表(SVP)主谓宾宾补(SVOC）主谓(SV)回顾五大基本句型核心提示：所有复杂的英语长难句，本质上都是这五个基本句型的扩展和组合。Howcanweanalyzealonganddifficultsentence?1.划出句子主干

trunk(S+V)

谓语动词有什么特点

2.括起修饰成分

（leaves）

拨开枝叶减少干扰

3.圈出句中连词

branches

根据连词确定从句类型4.理顺逻辑读懂句意

注意英汉差异：后置定语理清句子主干和附属成分之间逻辑关系第一步：划主干1.找动词。找出句子所有的动词（除去非谓语动词：-ing，done，todo）2.找连词或者引导词。顺着动词往前找，如果有引导词，说明这个动词所在的句子是个从句，如果有并列连词，看是否是并列谓语动词。如果都没有，说明这个就是谓语动词。3.顺藤摸瓜。顺着谓语动词，找到句子主语（宾语）等其他主干成分，找出主干。快速找出主干的方式是找出谓语动词We`llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasiveplantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.(2024年新课标Ⅰ卷阅读理解A)找出该句中的谓语及非谓语动词1.DiscoveredbythePortugueseadmiralofthesamenamein1506,andsettledin1810,theislandbelongstoGreatBritainandhasapopulationofafewhundred.判断谓语和非谓语2.

Technologicalinnovations,________(combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.combined小试牛刀：找出下面句子的主干1.[2024·新课标Ⅰ语法填空]AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,whichoriginatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.2.

(2024

年新课标

II

卷阅读

C

篇)Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit’seatenmeanszeroemissionsfromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.主干：Anexhibitionisfeaturingartwork.主干：havingasystem...meanszeroemissions第二步：找修饰修饰语介词短语、从句、非谓语动词（三长）

形容词、副词

（两短）同位语、插入语（两语）并列结构

（一并列）💡核心口诀：“三长两短两语一并列”——快速识别修饰成分，剥离干扰信息，直击句子主干。2.BytranslatingtherichandhumoroustextofLove’sLabour’sLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL,DeafinitelyTheatrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespeare’scomedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience.三长：介词短语，从句，非谓语1.

MobilephoneSIMcardswhichareputinthecollars(项圈)ofelephantsautomaticallysendatextmessagewhentheygettooclosetofarms,allowingwildlifeworkerstodrivethemoffratherthanshootthem.定语从句现在分词做结果状语状语从句介词短语不定式介词短语两语：同位语，插入语标志：多数位于双逗号或双破折号之间，和句子其他部分隔开，补充解释说明作用。1.Hurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographer,washiredtomaketheimages.2.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—toucheddownlastweekintheSouthPolebasin.3.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.1.Coffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.（22甲B）2.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.(21甲D)3.Accompaniedthroughoutby"NewScientist"astronomerandsciencejournalistAbigailBeall,touristswillobservestarsthroughtelescopesattheobservatories

inpersonandmeetlocalexperts.

同位语

插入语

非谓语动词做状语

介词短语说出划线部分是哪种修饰语第三步：圈连词连词并列连词and/but/or/so/while…notonly…butalso…/not…but…/either…or…/neither…nor…从属连词which/that/which/when/where/why/if/whether/though/since…核心作用：连词是连接句子成分的“桥梁”。准确识别连词类型是分析句子结构的关键。并列连词连接对等成分，而从属连词引导从句，帮助我们区分主句与从句。长难句常见类型01

Type1：简单句（介词短语、非谓语、从句等多种成分修饰）02

Type2：并列句（句子包含多个并列成分）03

Type3：主从复合句（多个从句;从句套从句）04Type4：并列句和主从复合句并存Example1：(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Morerecently,asbookshavebecomeinexpensiveoreventhrowaway,artistshaveusedthemastherawmaterialforartworks—transformingcovers,pagesorevencompletevolumesintopaintingsandsculptures.（阅读理解C）最近，随着书籍变得便宜甚至被丢弃，——将封面、页面甚至整卷书变成绘画和雕塑。Type1：简单句（介词短语、非谓语、从句等多种成分修饰）①状语从句②非谓语【Tip1】找主干，去枝叶。分清句子附属成分和主要成分。确定主干成分，分析分词功能，再分析从句。艺术家们将它们用作艺术品的原材料Type2：并列句（句子包含多个并列成分）【Tip2】先找并列连词(and,but,yet,or,for,so,while,

whether

…

or…)，再找并列什么，确定主干，结合枝叶，综合考虑。①定语从句②定语从句③定语从句④状语从句Example1：2025年新高考1Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.在我去年九年级的写作课上，我遇见了一个拯救了自己家乡的牛仔、一个要求儿子必须拿全优的严父，以及一位因父母反对其初恋而悲伤致死的现代朱丽叶(2024·新课标Ⅰ)

HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn’thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Type3：主从复合句（多个从句;从句套从句）①宾语从句②定语从句【Tip3】划出主句，括出从句，明确每个从句在句中分别修饰哪些词语或结构，最后综合考虑全句大意。（）（）③定语从句⑤状语从句④定语从句他建议我思考一下，我希望的角色结局、适合角色的结局，以及那些即使没有传统意义上的圆满结局却能成就故事的结局，三者之间的区别（）（）Example1:（2024新课标1卷）Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens,andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?（阅读理解D）

来自物理标本的

，

由于我们越来越多地使用观测数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，①定语从句②原因状语从句【Tip4】先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句。Type4：并列句和主从复合句并存这些观测结果现在超过了原始数据而且我想知道：它们可用吗？高考中长难句的应用聚焦阅读理解与语法填空阅读理解中的应用核心作用：拆分长难句抓取主干，理清修饰定位细节，分析逻辑推断态度。原句：Thestudy...showsthatpeoplewhosleeplessthan7hours...aremorelikelytodevelopheartdisease.拆分：主干(shows)+定语从句(修饰study/people)结论：10年研究表明睡眠不足7小时易患心脏病。语法填空中的应用核心作用：识别句子结构判断成分，锁定考点（从句/非谓语/时态）精准填词。①后置定语：...policy,______(aim)atreducingpollution...→aimed(被动关系)②固定句型：Itisthefirsttimethat...→haslaunched(现在完成时)核心技巧：先拆主干，再理修饰阅读：抓主干=抓主旨，看修饰=找细节|语法：析结构=定成分，辨逻辑=定语法

FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity（肥胖）

.）Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C.Toprotectchildren’shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.))((2022年乙卷D篇阅读理解Doesyoursouldiealittleeverytimeyouthrowawayunusedfood?Minedoes.MaybethatfeelingcomesfromgrowingupinSouthAfrica,wherethephrase“therearechildrenstarvinginAfrica”wasmoreofanuncomfortablereminderoffactthanaprayeratdinnertime.32.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor’searlylife?Hewitnessedfoodshortage.B.Heenjoyedthelocalcuisine.C.HedonatedfoodtoAfricans.D.Hehelpedtocookathome.

2025新高考2卷阅读理解2025年1月浙江卷B篇Instead,sherecommendsapplyingawell-knownconceptamongnutritionexpertscalledthe“DivisionofResponsibility,”whereparentsprovideavarietyofmostlyhealthyfoodstotheirkidsatfixedtimes,andthekidsthemselvesdecidewhatandhowmuchtheywanttoconsume—evenifthatmeansoccasionallyeatingmorecookiesthancarrots.26.Whatshouldkidsdoaccordingtothe“DivisionofResponsibility”?

A.Makedietdecisionsontheirown.B.Sharetheirfoodwithotherkids.

C.Eatupwhatisprovidedforthem.D.Helptheirparentsdothedishes.语法填空齐市一模Thisyear,Suzhouplanstoexpanditscooperationwithmoreschoolstoestablisha__________(comprehend)sportsdevelopmentframework_____facilitatesyoungathletes’growth.

2024浙江1月卷Ifyoursupermarketsellslooseproduce,thenbuyingsmallerquantitiesiseasier.Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets________(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacks_____(design)withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).designedhavestartedcomprehensivewhich/that2025年新高考二卷IwasbornandraisedinCleveland,OhiointheUnitedStates.Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,____bambooandteabus