上海市奉贤区2025-2026学年高三下学期4月第二学期高中英语练习卷答案

2025学年第二学期高中英语练习卷考生注意：1．考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。2．本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3．务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。I.GrammarandvocabularySectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ARiskyInoculation(预防接种)thatChangedRussiaCatherinetheGreatsetouttodefineRussiaasanextremelyimportantpowerinEurope.Herruleremainedstable____1____theyearof1768,whensomethingbegantothreatenherpeopleandherposition—anancientdiseasenamedsmallpox.Bythe18thcentury,smallpox____2____(become)particularlydeadly.Oneinfivepeoplewhocaughtitdied.Itwasparticularlydangerousforchildren,soparentswouldbeadvisednottocounttheirchildrenunlesstheysurvivedsmallpox.Therewasabsolutely____3____thatcouldbedone.Peopletriedkeepingpatientshot____4____(sweat)thediseaseoutorevenbleedingthem,neitherofwhichdidanygood.Sincethe16thcentury,therehadbeeninoculation____5____(practise)widelyinChina,theMiddleEastandTurkey.Itinvolvedapersonbeinggivenacontrolleddose(剂量)ofthedisease.Atinydropofpus(脓液)fromthespotsofsomeonewiththedisease____6____(collect).Thentheliveviruswasputintoacutonthearmofthehealthyperson.In1767,aBritishdoctornamedDinsdalepublishedaninstructionmanualandintroducedhiswaytoinoculatesafely.Andthat’s____7____hecametotheattentionofCatherinetheGreat.Inthe1760s,inoculationwasn’tacommonpracticeinRussia,aland____8____therewas“enormousdistrust”againstit.Catherinemadethebravedecisiontoexperimentwithtreatmentfirst.SheputherfaithinscienceandherlifeinthehandsofDinsdale,____9____(call)forhimin1768totreatherandherfamily.Catherine’sinoculationwentsowellthatherexperienceencouragedherpeopletogetinoculated,too.Indeed,herfirstexperimentdemonstratedgreatresolutionandfirmnessofhermind.Toherpeople,sheprojectedanimageofherself____10____acaringruler.ShewasrememberedforadvancingpublichealthinRussiaandsavingmillionsoflives.【答案】1.until2.hadbecome3.nothing4.tosweat5.practised6.wascollected7.how8.where9.calling10.as【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了叶卡捷琳娜大帝通过接种预防天花，改变了俄罗斯的历史进程。【1题详解】考查介词。句意：她的统治一直很稳定，直到1768年，一种名为天花的古老疾病开始威胁她的人民和她的地位。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到……为止”，需用介词until。故填until。【2题详解】考查时态。句意：到了18世纪，天花变得特别致命。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语Bythe18thcentury可知，句子用过去完成时态，描述过去的过去，其结构为haddone。故填hadbecome。【3题详解】考查不定代词。句意：根本没有什么办法。根据后文“Peopletriedkeepingpatientshot(4)(sweat)thediseaseoutorevenbleedingthem,neitherofwhichdidanygood.(人们试图让病人保持发热，以出汗排出疾病，甚至给他们放血，但都没有任何效果)”可知，此处表示“没有什么办法”，应用不定代词nothing。故填nothing。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们试图让病人保持发热，以出汗排出疾病，甚至给他们放血，但都没有任何效果。根据句意可知，此处表示“为了出汗排出疾病”，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填tosweat。【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：自16世纪以来，接种在中国、中东和土耳其广泛实行。本句已有谓语动词hadbeen，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；逻辑主语inoculation和practise之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填practised。【6题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：从病人身上的斑点上收集一小滴脓液。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；主语atinydropofpus和collect之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，其结构为was/were+done，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填wascollected。【7题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他如何引起女皇注意的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，表示“如何引起叶卡捷琳娜大帝的注意”，应用连接副词how引导。故填how。【8题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在18世纪60年代，接种在俄罗斯并不常见，那里的人们对接种“极度不信任”。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是land，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。9题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她相信科学，把自己的生命交到丁斯代尔手中，于1768年召见他为自己和家人治疗。本句已有谓语动词made，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；逻辑主语She和call之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填calling。【10题详解】考查介词。句意：在她的臣民面前，她树立了一个关心人民的统治者的形象。projectanimageas…表示“塑造……的形象”。故填as。SectionB(10分)Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.opennessB.translatingC.ancientD.reducedE.dramaticF.personallyG.fixedH.suggestI.balanceJ.emotionallyK.copyingListeningtotheElementsIntheworldofcontemporaryclassicalmusic,fewcomposershaveexploredculturaldialogueasquietlyandpersistentlyasQigangChen.BorninShanghaiandtrainedinFrance,Chenhasspentdecades____11____ChinesephilosophicalideasintoamusicallanguageofWesterntraditions.Oneofhismostwidelyperformedworks,WuXing(TheFiveElements),offersamarvellousexampleofhow____12____wisdomcanbereinterpretedformodernaudience.Completedinthelate1990s,WuXingisafive-movementorchestralpiece(管弦乐曲)inspiredbythetraditionalChineseconceptthatviewstheuniverseasadynamic____13____offiveforces:metal,wood,water,fireandearth.Insteadoftreatingtheseelementsas____14____symbols,Chenpresentsthemaspartofacontinuouscycleinwhicheachgeneratesthenext.Thisideaofmovementandtransformationliesattheheartofthecomposition.Theworkopensnotwitha(n)____15____statementbutwithreserve.Slightchangesintextureandcoloursuggesttheflowofwater,whilelatermovementsintroducesharperrhythmsandbrightersoundstoindicatefireandmetal.Chenavoidsdirectly____16____traditionalChinesemusic.Forhim,traditionisnotsomethingtobedirectlydisplayedbutsomethingtobeabsorbedandreshaped.HeusesthefullresourcesofaWesternorchestrato____17____qualitiessuchasweight,flowandtension.Indoingso,heinviteslistenerstoexperiencethephilosophy____18____ratherthanintellectually.Atatimewhenglobalcultureisoften____19____toeasylabels,Chen’sworkoffersaquieteralternative.WuXingdoesnotexplainthefiveelements;itlistenstothem.Itimpliesthatculturalexchangeinmusicdoesnotdependongranddisplay,butonpatience,disciplineanda(n)____20____totransformation.Andinthatsilencebetweensounds,somethingnewisborn.【答案】11.B12.C13.I14.G15.E16.K17.H18.J19.D20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主题是：介绍陈其钢作品《五行》及其对文化交流的独特诠释。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：出生于上海并在法国接受训练的陈其钢，几十年来一直致力于将中国的哲学思想转化为西方传统的音乐语言。根据句意及空前的“hasspentdecades”可知，此处考查固定搭配“spendtime(in)doingsth.”，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式，结合空后“Chinesephilosophicalideasintoamusicallanguage”及选项可知，此处表示将哲学思想“翻译”或“转化”为音乐语言，动词translate意为“转化，翻译”，符合语境，与into搭配构成o...，表示“把……转化为……”。故选B。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：他的作品《五行》是其中最广为流传的作品之一，为现代观众重新诠释古老智慧提供了一个绝佳的例子。根据空后的名词“wisdom”可知，空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词，结合“reinterpretedformodernaudience”可知，此处指来自过去的古老智慧，形容词ancient“古老的”符合语境。故选C。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：《五行》创作于20世纪90年代末，是一部受中国传统观念启发的五乐章管弦乐曲，该观念将宇宙视为由金、木、水、火、土五种力量构成的动态平衡。根据空前的“adynamic”及空后的“offiveforces”可知，空处应用名词单数形式作介词as的宾语，此处表示五种力量构成的动态“平衡”，名词balance“平衡”符合语境，adynamicbalance表示“一种动态平衡”。故选I。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：陈其钢没有将这些元素视为固定的符号，而是将它们呈现为一个连续循环的一部分，在这个循环中，每个元素都会产生下一个元素。根据空后的名词“symbols”可知，空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词，结合句意和空后的“aspartofacontinuouscycleinwhicheachgeneratesthenext”可知，表示这些元素不是固定的符号，而是连续循环的一部分，形容词fixed“固定的”符合语境。故选G。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：这部作品不是以戏剧性的陈述开场，而是以含蓄的方式开场。根据空后的名词“statement”可知，空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词，结合“butwithreserve”可知，与“克制”相对的是“戏剧性的、夸张的”，形容词dramatic“戏剧性的”符合语境。故选E。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：陈其钢避免直接模仿中国传统音乐。根据空前的“avoidsdirectly”可知，空处应用动名词形式作宾语，结合后文“Forhim,traditionisnotsomethingtobedirectlydisplayedbutsomethingtobeabsorbedandreshaped.”可知，此处表示不直接“复制”或“模仿”传统音乐，动词copying“模仿”符合语境。故选K。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：他充分利用西方管弦乐队的全部资源来体现重量、流动和张力等特质。根据空前的“to”可知，空处应用动词原形与to构成不定式作目的状语，结合后文“qualitiessuchasweight,flowandtension”可知，此处表示通过音乐“暗示”或“表达”这些特质，动词suggest“暗示，体现”符合语境。故选H。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：通过这样做，他让听众从情感上而非理性上体验这种哲学。根据空后的“ratherthanintellectually”可知，空处应填副词作状语，修饰动词experience，与空后intellectually形成对比，与“理性地”相对的是“情感地”，副词emotionally“情感上”符合语境，表示在情感上体验这种哲学。故选J。【19题详解】考查动词。句意：在全球文化常常被简化为简单标签的时代，陈其钢的作品提供了一种更安静的选择。根据空前的“isoften”及空后的“toeasylabels”可知，空处应用过去分词形式与is构成被动语态，表示文化被“缩减”或“简化为”简单标签，动词reduced“减少，降低，简化”符合语境，bereducedto表示“被简化为”。故选D。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：它暗示着音乐中的文化交流并不依赖于盛大的展示，而是依赖于耐心、自律和对变革的开放态度。根据空前的“a(n)”及空后的“totransformation”可知，空处应用名词单数形式作介词on的宾语，表示对变革的态度，名词openness“开放”符合语境。故选A。II.ReadingComprehension(45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Tovisitors,theItaliancityofVenicedisplaysasplendidpictureofhistoricbuildings,waterways,belltowers,andredroofs.Yetthecityalsofeaturesamighty(威猛的)wingedlion,the____21____ofwhatwasoncecalledtheVenetianRepublic(697-1797).Lionsofvarioussizesandmaterialswerecarvedintostructuresthroughoutitsstreetsandsquares.Amongthem,perhapsthe____22____versionisabronzestatuestandingatopacolumnnearSt.Mark’sSquare.Now,newevidencesuggeststhatthisfamousstatuemayhaveoriginatednotinEurope,butinChina.Usingchemicalanalysisonsamplestakenfromthesculpture,ateamfromtheUniversityofPadua____23____themetalusedinthestatuetotheYangtzeRiverregioninChina.Theirfindings____24____long-heldassumptionsaboutthestatue’sorigins.Forcenturies,expertshadbelieveditwascraftedeitherinItalyortheMiddleEast—yetitsstylishuniquenessremainedanenduring____25____.Thenewdiscoverymayfinallyhelpsolvethatmystery.ThoughinstalledinSt.Mark’sSquareduringthe13thcentury,thelionshowsasurprising____26____toartworkproducedinChinaduringtheTangDynasty,ratherthanthatfoundinmedieval(中世纪的)MediterraneanEurope.Theresearcherspointtospecificfeatures—theshapeofitsnose,aswellasscars(疤痕)indicatingthe____27____ofearlierhorns—asconvincingevidence.Further____28____thecomplexity,thecolumnonwhichthelionstandsisofMiddleEastorigin.Andrecordsshowthestatuehasundergonemultiplerepairs,theearliestdatingbackto1293.“ItispossiblethatMarcoPolo’sfatheranduncle,duringtheirfour-yearstayinChina,playedakeyrolein____29____thesculpture,”theresearchersnote.Ifso,theobjecttheybroughtbackwas_____30_____azhènmùshòu—afiercelion-likegraveguardianfromtheTangDynasty.OncetransportedtoItaly,thestatuewaslikely“carefullyandlaboriouslyreshaped”to_____31_____theimageofthewingedlionofSt.Mark,theyadd.The_____32_____includeremovingitsoriginalhornsandaddingastone“wig”—apieceofheadwearthatsignifiespowerandauthority._____33_____,writtenrecordsareabsent,leavingtheexactcircumstancesofitsjourneyopentointerpretation.“Thoughtheinstallationofthelionwasintendedtoprojecta(n)_____34_____politicalmessage,wemaynowalsoviewitasagentlereminderoftheconnectednessofthemedievalworld,”theresearchersconclude.Ultimately,thelionisaquietwitnesstothehidden_____35_____thatoncewovetheworldtogether.21.A.territory B.title C.symbol D.status22.A.worst-affected B.least-visited C.most-needed D.best-known23.A.owed B.traced C.dated D.applied24.A.confirm B.overlook C.challenge D.revise25.A.puzzle B.ritual C.appeal D.beauty26.A.comparison B.contrast C.dedication D.similarity27.A.function B.removal C.renewal D.destruction28.A.breakingdown B.puttingaside C.addingto D.takingaway29.A.acquiring B.ruining C.studying D.designing30.A.eventually B.originally C.controversially D.rarely31.A.present B.protect C.post D.print32.A.innovations B.interventions C.decorations D.modifications33.A.Additionally B.Consequently C.Unfortunately D.Accordingly34.A.vague B.powerful C.urgent D.dangerous35.A.treasures B.figures C.threads D.patterns【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.A30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了意大利威尼斯著名的带翼狮子雕像，新研究表明其可能起源于中国，尽管相关书面记录缺失，但它见证了中世纪世界的联系。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这座城市也以一只威猛的带翼狮子为特色，它是曾经被称为威尼斯共和国（697-1797）的象征。A.territory领土；B.title标题；C.symbol象征；D.status地位。根据前文“Yetthecityalsofeaturesamighty(威猛的)wingedlion”以及后文“whatwasoncecalledtheVenetianRepublic(697-1797)”可知，带翼狮子是威尼斯共和国的象征。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中，最著名的版本或许是矗立在圣马可广场附近一根柱子顶端的青铜雕像。A.worst-affected受影响最严重的；B.least-visited参观最少的；C.most-needed最需要的；D.best-known最著名的。根据后文“Now,newevidencesuggeststhatthisfamousstatuemayhaveoriginatednotinEurope,butinChina.”可知，此处说的是最著名的雕像。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕多瓦大学的一个研究小组对从雕像上采集的样本进行化学分析后，将雕像所使用的金属追溯到中国长江地区。A.owed归功于；B.traced追溯；C.dated注明日期；D.applied应用。根据后文“themetalusedinthestatuetotheYangtzeRiverregioninChina.”可知，这里指把金属的来源追溯到中国长江地区。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的发现挑战了长期以来关于这座雕像起源的假设。A.confirm证实；B.overlook忽视；C.challenge挑战；D.revise修订。根据后文“Forcenturies,expertshadbelieveditwascraftedeitherinItalyortheMiddleEast”可知，之前认为雕像起源于意大利或中东，现在新发现表明起源于中国，这挑战了之前的假设。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个世纪以来，专家们一直认为它是在意大利或中东制作的——然而，它独特的风格仍然是一个持久的谜团。A.puzzle谜团；B.ritual仪式；C.appeal吸引力；D.beauty美丽。根据后文“Thenewdiscoverymayfinallyhelpsolvethatmystery.”可知，它独特的风格一直是个谜团。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管这座狮子雕像于13世纪安装在圣马可广场，但它与中国唐代制作的艺术品有着惊人的相似之处，而非中世纪地中海欧洲的艺术品。A.comparison比较；B.contrast对比；C.dedication奉献；D.similarity相似之处。根据后文“ratherthanthatfoundinmedieval(中世纪的)MediterraneanEurope.”可知它与唐代艺术品有相似之处。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员指出一些具体特征——它鼻子的形状，以及表明早期角被移除的疤痕——作为令人信服的证据。A.function功能；B.removal移除；C.renewal更新；D.destruction破坏。根据前文“aswellasscars(疤痕)”可知，疤痕表明角是被移除的。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：更添复杂性的是，狮子所站立的柱子起源于中东。A.breakingdown分解；B.puttingaside搁置；C.addingto增添；D.takingaway拿走。根据后文“thecolumnonwhichthelionstandsisofMiddleEastorigin”可知，柱子起源于中东，这增添了整个雕像来源的复杂性。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员指出：“马可·波罗的父亲和叔叔在中国停留的四年期间，有可能在获取这座雕塑的过程中发挥了关键作用。”A.acquiring获得；B.ruining毁坏；C.studying学习；D.designing设计。根据前文“Mark’sSquareduringthe13thcentury,thelionshowsasurprising____toartworkproducedinChinaduringtheTangDynasty,ratherthanthatfoundinmedieval(中世纪的)MediterraneanEurope”以及后文“thesculpture”可知，这里指他们可能在获得雕像这件事上起关键作用。故选A项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果是这样的话，他们带回的物品最初可能是一个镇墓兽——一种唐代类似狮子的凶猛的坟墓守护者。A.eventually最终；B.originally最初；C.controversially有争议地；D.rarely很少地。根据后文“azhènmùshòu—afiercelion-likegraveguardianfromtheTangDynasty.”可知，这里说的是物品最初的样子。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们补充说，一旦被运到意大利，这座雕像很可能被“精心且费力地重塑”，以呈现圣马可带翼狮子的形象。A.present呈现；B.protect保护；C.post张贴；D.print印刷。根据前文“carefullyandlaboriouslyreshaped”可知，重塑雕像就是为了呈现圣马可带翼狮子的形象。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些修改包括移除它原来的角，并添加一个石头“假发”——一种象征权力和权威的头饰。A.innovations创新；B.interventions干预；C.decorations装饰；D.modifications修改。根据后文“removingitsoriginalhornsandaddingastone“wig””可知，移除角和添加“假发”属于对雕像的修改。故选D项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，书面记录缺失，其旅程的确切情况有待解读。A.Additionally此外；B.Consequently因此；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Accordingly相应地。根据后文“writtenrecordsareabsent,leavingtheexactcircumstancesofitsjourneyopentointerpretation.”可知，书面记录缺失是一件不幸的事。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员总结道：“尽管这座狮子雕像的安装旨在传达一个强有力的政治信息，但我们现在也可以将其视为对中世纪世界关联性的一个温和提醒。”A.vague模糊的；B.powerful强有力的；C.urgent紧急的；D.dangerous危险的。根据后文“politicalmessage”可知，安装雕像传达的政治信息应该是强有力的。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，这只狮子是曾经将世界编织在一起的隐藏线索的无声见证者。A.treasures宝藏；B.figures人物；C.threads线索；D.patterns模式。根据后文“thatoncewovetheworldtogether.”可知，这里指狮子见证了世界联系的隐藏线索。故选C项。SectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)AnAustralian13-year-oldboyswam4kmtoshoreandthenrananother2kmtogethelpforhisfamily,whowerestrandedatsea.AustinAppelbeewascalled“superhuman”forwhathedid.Expertssayhisextraordinaryeffortwentbeyondwhatpeopletypicallyconsiderpossible.Austinandhisfamilywereonholidaywhensuddenlystrongwindsblewtheirboardsawayfromtheshore.Hismother,Joanne,toldhimtoswimtolandforhelp.Sheknewhewasthestrongestswimmerandthathecoulddoit.Austinfirsttriedtopaddleakayak(皮划艇),butittookontoomuchwaterinthebadweather,sohehadtoabandonit.Abouttwohourslater,hetookoffhislifejacket.“Iwasdepleted,butIcouldhardlyfeelthetiredness,”hesaid.“Ijustkeptonswimming—doingbreaststroke,freestyle,andevensurvivalbackstroke.”Afterswimming4kmtoshoreinthefadinglight,theteenagerrananother2kmtohisfamily’shotel.Atabout6p.m.,heusedhismother’sphonetocallforhelp.“Itoldthem,‘Ineedhelicopters.Ineedplanes.Ineedboats.Myfamily’soutatsea.’Iwasverycalmaboutit.Ithinkitwasjustalotofshock,”herecalled.Rightafterthecall,hefaintedfromexhaustionandwastakentohospital.Hisfamilywerelaterfoundfloatingabout14kmoffshoreandrescued.Dangerousmomentscanhelppeoplegobeyondtheirlimits,andthebodyreleasesstresshormonestoassistwithshort-durationactivity.Butforaswimlastinghours,survivalbackstroke—aswimmingstyleaimedatconservingenergyinsaltwater—wascrucial.Austinstartedswimminglessonsatagefour.Hepreviouslyfoundit“quitetiring”toswimjust350meterswithoutabreak.However,thistimehemadeitandprovedtobeatruehero.36.WhydidAustinsetoutforhelpbyhimself?A.Hisfamilyweretrappedfarfromtheshore.B.Thekayakhisfamilyusedwassinkingfast.C.Astrongstormseparatedhimfromhisparents.D.Hetriedtoprovehewasthestrongestswimmer.37.Theunderlinedword“depleted”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.cheeredup B.blownaway C.calmeddown D.burnedout38.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatenabledAustintoaccomplishthislong-durationswim?A.Stresshormonesreleasedindangeroussituations.B.Survivalbackstrokeconservingenergyinsaltwater.C.Theencouragementhereceivedfromtherescueteam.D.Theswimmingtraininghehadreceivedovertheyears.39.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.A13-year-oldBoy’sHeroicRescueB.TheSciencebehindHumanLimitsC.AFamily’sUnexpectedAdventureD.TheValueofSwimmingTraining【答案】36.A37.D38.B39.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个13岁澳大利亚男孩奥斯汀在家人被困海上时，独自游泳求救并成功救出家人的英勇事迹。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Austinandhisfamilywereonholidaywhensuddenlystrongwindsblewtheirboardsawayfromtheshore.Hismother,Joanne,toldhimtoswimtolandforhelp.Sheknewhewasthestrongestswimmerandthathecoulddoit.(奥斯汀一家人正在度假，突如其来的狂风把他们的冲浪板吹离了岸边。母亲乔安让他游上岸求助，她清楚儿子水性最好，一定能做到。)”以及第三段中“Afterswimming4kmtoshoreinthefadinglight,theteenagerrananother2kmtohisfamily’shotel.(在微弱的光线下游了4公里到岸边后，这名少年又跑了2公里到他家人住的酒店。)”可知，奥斯汀的家人被困在离海岸很远的地方，所以他独自出去寻求帮助。故选A。【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中““Iwasdepleted,butIcouldhardlyfeelthetiredness,”hesaid.“Ijustkeptonswimming—doingbreaststroke,freestyle,andevensurvivalbackstroke.”Afterswimming4kmtoshoreinthefadinglight,theteenagerrananother2kmtohisfamily’shotel.(他说：“我depleted，却几乎感受不到疲惫。我只能一直往前游——蛙泳、自由泳，甚至还用上了求生仰泳。”天色渐暗时，他游完4公里抵达岸边，又跑了2公里赶到家人入住的酒店。)”可知，为救家人，奥斯汀游了很远的距离，感到筋疲力尽，仍继续坚持。此处depleted意为“筋疲力尽的”，与burnedout意思相近。故选D。【38题详解】细节理解题。据最后一段中“Butforaswimlastinghours,survivalbackstroke—aswimmingstyleaimedatconservingenergyinsaltwater—wascrucial.(但对于持续数小时的游泳来说，生存仰泳——一种旨在在盐水中保存能量的游泳方式——至关重要。)”可知，生存仰泳这种在盐水中保存能量的游泳方式使奥斯汀能够完成这次长时间的游泳。故选B。【39题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段中“Austinandhisfamilywereonholidaywhensuddenlystrongwindsblewtheirboardsawayfromtheshore.Hismother,Joanne,toldhimtoswimtolandforhelp.Sheknewhewasthestrongestswimmerandthathecoulddoit.(奥斯汀一家人正在度假，突如其来的狂风把他们的冲浪板吹离了岸边。母亲乔安让他游上岸求助，她清楚儿子水性最好，一定能做到。)”可知，文章主要讲述了13岁的澳大利亚男孩奥斯汀在家人被困海上时，独自游泳4公里到岸边，再跑2公里寻求帮助，最终成功救出家人的英勇事迹。因此，A选项“一个13岁男孩的英勇救援”最符合文章主旨。故选A。(B)Readingareceiptinvolvesidentifyingthecontactinformationforthebusiness,locatingthedateandtime,reviewingtheitemizedlistofproductswithprices,andcheckingthesubtotal,taxes,andfinaltotalatthebottom.Importantdetailsalsoincludepaymentmethod(cash/card)andtheuniquereferencenumber.FreshGroceryStore6MainStreetCash2–2025/5/23ThecontactinformationforthebusinessThedateofthepurchaseFruits/VegetablesOnions£1.30BakeryBread£2.59RefrigeratedProductsButter£4.99MeatWholeroastedchicken£12.54GroceryCannedcrushedtomatoes£2.49Rice1.4kg£6.99Chocolatebar110g£1.99Papertowels2units£1.49BeautyandHealthHandsoap£2.79Subtotal£37.17Tax£2.30Total£39.47Cash£40.00Change£0.53Thankyouforyourtrustandseeyounexttime!**ClientCopy**KeepthiscopyforyourrecordsThelistofwhatyouboughtTheamountofthepurchasesThetotalamountoftaxes*ThetotalamounttopayThepaymentmethodused-Cash-CardReturnsareallowedwiththeoriginalsalesreceiptAnyitemmaybereturnedforanexchangeorrefundwithin14daysofpurchase,provideditisinitsoriginalpackaging.Afterthisperiod,onlyexchangesareaccepted.Someexceptionsapply.Seethedetailsin-store.Returnpolicies*Taxesareoneoftheprimarysourcesofincomeforgovernments.Themoneyisusedtofundallgovernmentspending,includingpublicservicessuchashealthcare,educationandtransportation.Whytaxcustomersandbusinesses?40.Itcanbelearnedfromthereceiptthat________.A.thetaxwasalreadyincludedinthesubtotalB.thebuttermayneedtobestoredinafridgeC.thestoresellscookedfoodproductsexclusivelyD.thecustomerhandedovertheexactamountofcash41.IfthecustomerdecidedtoreturnthehandsoaponJune15,2025,he________.A.couldexpectafullrefundfromthestoreB.wouldbeaskedtoprovideproofofpaymentC.shouldremembertorepackagetheproductD.wouldnotbeallowedtomakeanexchange42.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Toadvertisetheproductsinthestore.B.Toinstructstaffoncustomerservice.C.Tohighlightthestore’staxingpolicy.D.Toteachpeoplehowtoreadareceipt.【答案】40.B41.B42.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了如何阅读一张购物收据及其相关信息。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中第一列第二栏中“RefrigeratedProductsButter£4.99(冷藏产品黄油4.99英镑)”可知，黄油属于冷藏产品，可能需要在冰箱中储存。故选B。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中第一列第三栏中“Returnsareallowedwiththeoriginalsalesreceipt(凭原始销售收据方可办理退货)”及“Anyitemmaybereturnedforanexchangeorrefundwithin14daysofpurchase,provideditisinitsoriginalpackaging.Afterthisperiod,onlyexchangesareaccepted.(凡在购买后14天内，且商品保留原包装的情况下，均可办理退换货。超过此期限，仅接受换货)”可知，购买日期是2025年5月23日，退货日期是6月15日，已经超过了政策规定的14天退货期，退货或换货都需要提供原始购物收据，即付款凭证。故选B。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Readingareceiptinvolvesidentifyingthecontactinformationforthebusiness,locatingthedateandtime,reviewingtheitemizedlistofproductswithprices,andcheckingthesubtotal,taxes,andfinaltotalatthebottom.(查看一张收据，需要识别商家联系信息、找到交易日期和时间、查看带有价格的明细商品清单，并核对底部的小计金额、税款和最终总价)”以及全文对收据各部分的讲解可知，本文旨在教人们如何看懂购物收据。故选D。(C)InFrenchculture,sevenisknownasl’âgederaison—theageatwhichchildrencantellrightfromwrongandassumesomemoralresponsibility.YetFrance’snationalrailoperatorappearstodisagree.Theybelievethatchildrenmustbeatleast12tobehaveappropriatelyonatrain.Earlierthismonth,SNCF,thestate-ownedrailwaycompany,launcheditsnewOptimumPlustariff(费用)onweekdayrailservicesbetweenParisandLyon,offeringlargerseats,betterfoodandnounder-12s.Designedtoattractbusinesstravellers,themovearousedcriticismandawiderdebateabouttheplaceofchildreninsociety,particularlyatatimeofdecliningbirthrates.“Wecan’tsaywe’renothavingenoughchildrenandatthesametimetrytoexcludethemfromeverywhere,”arguedSarahElHairy,aFrenchofficial.Thosewhohaveenduredlongjourneyswithnoisychildrenmayunderstandtheappealofchild-freespaces.Butthereactionreflectsastrongculturalobjection.Francetraditionallygrantschildrenautonomyandresponsibility,prioritisingtheirintegrationintowidersociety.Childrenareexpectedtotakepartineverydayrituals,fromelaborateschoollunchestopolitegreetings.Theunderlyinglogicissimple:treatingchildrenasvalued,responsiblemembersofsocietyhelpsthembecomerespectfuladults.Excludingthemfrompublicspacesweakensthatlesson.The“nokids”rulethereforestruckanerve.SNCF,closelytiedtoFrenchidentityandsummerholidays,isgenerallyfamily-friendly.Forexample,activitypacksaredistributedtoyoungtravellers,andsummertrainsoftencarrygroupsofchildrenheadingtocamps.Afterthesocialmediastorm,SNCFstressedthatthenewtariffappliestoonly8%ofweekdayseatsononerouteandlaterremovedreferencestoaminimumage.Yetdebatecontinues.Criticsarguethatasocietyunwillingtotoleratechildrenistroubling.Thecontroversyalsoconnectswithdemographic(人口的)anxiety.AlthoughFrancestillhasoneofthehighestbirthratesintheEU,birthshavefallensharply,with24%fewerbabiesbornlastyearthanin2010.TheFrenchgovernmenthascalledforexpandingpaidparentalleaveandmaintainingextensivefamilysupport.Still,concernsaboutlivingcostsandtheclimatecrisisweighheavilyondecisionsaboutparenthood.SNCF’spolicymayaffectonlyasmallnumberofseats,butthereactionmatters.Keepingchildrenwelcomeinpublicspaceswillnotreversefallingbirthrates.Treatingthemastroubles,however,isunlikelytohelp.43.WhydidSNCFlaunchtheOptimumPlustariff?A.Toofferlargerseatstochildrenunder12.B.Toappealtofrequentbusinesstravellers.C.Toencouragepublicdiscussionaboutchildren.D.Topromotethesaleofrailticketsonweekends.44.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSNCFaccordingtothepassage?A.Itinsistsonthe“nokids”ruledespitestrongopposition.B.Ithaslongbeencriticizedfornotbeingfamily-friendly.C.Ithasattemptedtosoftentheimpactofthenewpolicy.D.Itpromisestograntyoungpassengersmoreautonomy.45.The“nokids”policyarousespublicconcerninFrancebecause_______.A.itconflictswithFrance’straditionalattitudetochildrenB.ithasfurtherdecreasedthebirthrateamongFrenchC.itlimitschildren’saccesstoallpublictransportat